THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY- 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


GIFT  OF 


Professor  Harry  F.  Williams 


(Soetfye. 


Hermann  unb  X)orotfyea 


WITH    A    LIFE    OF    THE    AUTHOR    IN    GERMAN, 

APPENDICES,    GERMAN    EXERCISES,    QUESTIONS,    NOTES, 

AND    VOCABULARY 


JULIANNE    A.    ROLLER,   M.A. 

FEANKLIN    HIGH   SCHOOL,    PORTLAND,    OREGON 


Goethe's  heart,  which  few  knew,  was  as  great  as 

his  intellect,  which  all  knew. 

—  JUNO  STILLING. 


ALLYN     AND     BACON 

ISoston  Weto  f|0rk  Ci 


COPYRIGHT,    1917,   BY 
JULIANNE  A.   ROLLER. 


Nortoooli  press 

J.  S.  Gushing  Co.  —  Berwick  &  Smith  Co. 
Norwood,  Mass.,  U.S.A. 


ITcciner  ZTiutter 


2051004 


THIS  edition  of  ^ermann  unb  £)orotf)ea  has  been 
prepared  with  the  special  aim  of  bringing  this  classic 
within  easy  reach  of  high  school  pupils,  even  those  in 
the  two-year  course.  For  this  reason  the  vocabulary 
and  notes  have  been  made  especially  complete.  There 
are  also  German  questions  based  on  the  text,  exercises 
for  linguistic  drill,  and  sentences  for  translation  into 
German. 

The  text  has  been  revised  in  orthography  and 
punctuation  to  conform  to  modern  standards ;  a  few 
emendations  and  minor  omissions  have  been  made  to 
render  the  work  more  suitable  for  high  school  use. 
Appendices  contain  a  selection  of  quotable  lines,  a 
treatment  of  the  sources,  setting,  and  literary  value 
of  the  poem,  a  discussion  of  the  language  and  meter, 
and  a  brief  bibliography.  A  life  of  Goethe  in  simple 
German  using  the  vocabulary  of  the  text  and  enlivened 
by  interesting  pictures  is  given  in  the  Introduction. 

The  eight  handsome  full-page  half-tones  illustrating 
the  text  proper  are  reproductions  of  the  work  of  Baron 
Arthur  von  Eamberg  (1819-75),  one  of  the  most  suc- 
cessful illustrators  of  this  epic. 


vi  PREFA  CE 

Reproductions  of  the  beautiful  paintings  of  the 
Muses  by  Edward  Simmons  which  adorn  a  corridor  in 
the  Library  of  Congress  at  Washington  head  the 
various  cantos.  The  use  of  these  pictures  was  made 
possible  through  the  courtesy  of  Curtis  and  Cameron 
of  Boston,  the  publishers  of  the  Copley  prints. 

J.  A.  R. 

PORTLAND,  OREGON. 
July  4,  1917. 


CONTENTS 

£)er 


PAGE 

Introduction  (2)ie  Ginteitung  :  ©oetlje  —  Der  2Kann  itnb 

ber  2)i(f)ter)  ..........  ix 

Elegy  (Sie  (glegie)     ........  3 

Text  (3>er  Sejct)         ........  9 

Notes  (2)ie  Slnmerfungen)  .......  145 

Appendices  (S)ie  2lnf)ange)         ......  201 

A.  Quotations  (Die  Bitate)        .....  201 

B.  Literary  Value  (Stteravifcfjer  SBert)       .        .        .210 

C.  Sources  (2)te  CueUen)  ......  217 

D.  Background  (S)er  §intergrunb)     ....  232 

E.  The  Text  (2)er  £ert)     ......  237 

F.  Bibliography  (Die  33tbUograpl)ie)          .        .        .260 

G.  Questions  on  the  Text  (gragen  iibet  ben  Xert)      .  265 
H.   Exercises  (itbungen)      ......  282 

Vocabulary  (2>a8  SSorterwerjeicfjnis)         ....        1 

ILLUSTRATIONS 

£)te 


©oetl)e  (Don  3ager)  ......        Frontispiece 

PAGE 

granffurt  am  SJiain  ........  ix 

granffurt  :  ba«  ®oet^eh,au§       ......  xi 

granlfurt  :  ber  Corner      .        .        .        .        .        .  xii 

granffurt  :  9tatf)au«  itnb  Xurm         .....  xiii 


Vlll  ILL  US  TRA  TIONS 

i'AQB 

Berber xv 

©traftburg  :  ba«  9Jiu'nfter  .  ,  xvii 

SBeimar :  ba«  ®oetf)eb,an« xix 

SBeimar :  ba§  ©artenfyaus xxi 

(Efyriftiane  $u(piit$ xxii 

©djitter xxiv 

2Bo  ©oetfje  ,,ilber  alien  ©ipfeln"  fdjrieb  ....  xxv 

©oetl)e  (won  Xrippel  33u'fte) xxvi 

talltope 9 

Unter  bent  Jore  bed  §anfe§  ft^enb  .  .  .  facing  10 

Serpfidjore 24 

9?ebenb,er  aber  ging  mit  ftarfen  ©djritten  ein  2)idb= 

d)en facing  2(i 

sMnd)en  fag  am  $Iaoier ;  e«  >uar  bet  sBater  ^ugegen  38 

2b,alta  ..........  43 

(Suterpe .  51 

©adjte  fdjlid)  fie  tjinan  unb  riib,rt'  tb,m  leife  bie  ©d)itl- 

ter facing  54 

^Poti)b,t)mnia 67 

filio 83 

@ie  b,at  bie  ^nppe  getmrfett  ....  facing  91 

Srato 103 

,,i'aJ3  mid)  trinfen,"  fagte  baranf  ber  tjeitere  3u'ng= 

ling facing  10H 

2)fe(pomene 117 

frmgfam  fd)ritt  fte  fyinab,  anf  feinen  ®d)nttern  bie 

§anbe facing  122 

Urania 124 

,,§icr  ift,"  fagf  er,  ,,ein  SKabdjen,  fo  roie  3b,r  im  §aufe  fie 

ttmnfdjet" facing  128 


Die  (Eirtlettung. 

©oetlje— £>er  9Jlann  unb  bcr  $td)ter. 
?Mi!icit'o  ttttb  (Srjiefyung. 

28.  2litguft  1749  mittagei  mtt  bem  (M(ocfenfcf)Iage 
fom  id)  in  ^ranffurt  am  2ttain  oiif  bie  SBett," 


^rattffurt  am  ItTain. 

fc^retbt  ^o^ann  Solfgang  ©oetfye  in  feiner  Slutobtogra- 
pt)ie  £}id)tung  itnb  SSa^rb,eit. 

Sein  33aterr  -3°l)atm  ,^afpar  ©oetb^e,  mar  ein  rood' 
^abenber,  gebiibetev  3Rann,  ber  Diet  geretft  tt)ar  unb  ftdd 


—  Dcr  ZTTann  unb  ber  ZHcftter. 


feljr  f"r  toft  unb  2Biffenfd)aft  tntereffierte.  Cbgteid) 
er  -$urift  mar,  Ijatte  er  ©e(b  genug,  ofyne  arbeiten  }u 
braudjen.  Sein  $ater  luar  Sdjneiber  unb  3Birt  geiuefen, 
fein  ©rojftater  @d)mieb.  (Sr  gd)6rte  atfo  ,,ber  Piaffe 

s  ber  9)?en[d)en,  bie  man  bte  niebere  nennt,  bie  aber  fitr 
®ott  bie  t)od)fte  ift/'  tote  ®oetf)e  fie  bejeid^net. 

^afpar  ttmrbe  aber  toot)!  er^ogen,  reifte  in 
unb  erbte  einen  fdjonen  ^aufen  @elb.     (Sr 
faufte  fid)  ben  Xitel  ,,!atferlid)en  ^at"  unb  tttofynte  fef)r 

10  bel)ag(id)  in  bem  gro^en  atten  §aufe  fetner  Sautter. 

©oet^eg  Gutter  mar  einunb$tDanstg  Qaljve  jitnger  at^ 
ber  33ater  unb  nur  ad)t^e()n  3a^)re  filter  ate  Solfgang. 
@ie  niar  em  I)eitere§,  frotjtidje^  9J?abd)en  aucs  etner  ber 
erften  ^amtlten  ^yranffurt^.  $f)r  33ater,  ^o^^"  SSoIf- 

15  gang  £ertor,  mar  ber  @d)ult()ei^  ber  Stabt.  G^  luaren 
atfo  in  ®oett)e  bie  beiben  Stanbe  tiereinigt,  bie  bie  ^traft 
be^  beutfrfjen  93otfe^  bitben.  3Ba^  er  feinen  (Sttern  tier* 
banft,  fagt  er  in  ben  fdjbnen  ^erfen: 

,,$>om  Sater  I)ab'  id)  bie  Statitr, 
20  !J)e«  Seben§  ernfteS  gtil)reit» 

5>om  9)iiitterd)en  bie  ^ro^natur 
Unb  ?uft  jit  fabutteren." 

33on  fed)S  Hinbern  iDud)fen  uur  ©oetl)e  unb  eine  urn 

etn  3al)r  jitngere  <2d)iuefter  auf.    @oett)e  Hebte  biefe 
25  ©d)iuefter  Gornetta  jarttid).     <Sie  niar  ein  frbf)(id)e§, 

muntere^  StRabdjen,  unb  tnit  i^r  t»ertebte  er  eine  fefyr 

frbt)Iid)e  ^ugenb. 
T)te  stnei  ^inber  befud)ten  feine  ®d)ute.    £)er  ftrenge, 

etit»a«  pebantifdje,  aber  gebitbete  33ater  le^rte  fie  fetber. 
soSBotfgang  toar  ein  fe^r  tatentDoUer  Unabe  unb  lernte 

fe^r  teidjt.    2U3  er  ad)t  Qafyt  alt  tt)ar,  fonnte  er  fd^on 

X)eutfd),  ^ranjofifdj,  ^talicmf^,  I'ateinifd)  unb  @rie- 

djtfd)  tefen  unb  fd)reiben. 


XI 


s  3talien  oiele  33ilber  unb 
gebrarf)t.     Wolfgang    betuunberte 


^ranffurt  :  fcas  (5octhebau 


biefe  unb  genxmn  fef)r  fvitl)  erne  qro^e  £iebe  ju  ber 
^tefe  I'tebe  tDitrbe  auc^  bitrrf)  anbere  3uftanbe  ert)of)t 


xii       (godfye  —  Dcr  ITTann  unb  ber  XHcfyter. 


SBiifyrenb    be$    fiebenjafyrigen    £riege§    (1756-1763) 

erfjielt   granffurt  cine  franjbficfye  ©arnifon.    ®oetf)e3 

SSater  mu^te  einen  fyofyen  franjdftfc^cn  Cffijter  in  fein 

<pau3   aufne^men.     X)tefer    @raf    Xtpranc    war    em 

s  grower  greunb  ber  Sunft.    Gr  Hc§  in  ©oetfjes 


^ranffurt :  ber  Homer. 

toon  &erfrf)iebenen  granffurtcr  9ftatern  Silber  fitr  fcincd 

^BruberS  @rf)toB  in  ^ranfreirf)  malen.    >Dcr  tnabe  war 

fc^r  oft  jugegen  unb  tntereffiertc  fief)  fet)r  fitr  bie  SWoIcrct. 

®ie  alte  freie  JRci^ftabt  ^ronffurt  bot  and)  niet  3n- 

10  tcrcffonte*  fitr  tunft  unb  @efd)td)te.    ®er  tnabe  ging 

gern  fpa^ieren,  burcf)  bie  olten  Strain,  i'tber  bie  Wam- 

britde,  neben  bent  -^lufec  unb  auf  ber  3ftauer.    ^itr  bie 

alten  ©ebiiube,  bie  iiirrfjen  unb  befonber^  ba* 

intereffierte  er  fid)  fet)r. 


urtb 


xin 


Nathalie  ober  $Kbmer,  trie  man  e£  nannte,  ging 
er  oft.  £>ier  benntnberte  er  ben  <2aal,  tro  fein  ®roft- 
rater  Xe^tor  ale  Sdniltfyeijj  fa^  unb  ben  ^Jaunt,  tro  bte 
^laifer  bee  Ijeiligen  rdtnifrfjen  $Reid)e§  ge!ront  trurben. 
(Sine  trirflicfye  ^ronung  fal)  er  aud)  im  Qafyt  1764,  ales 


^ranffurt:  Hattjaus  unb  Surm. 
II  gelront  trurbe,  itnb  allee  trar  gldnjenb  unb 


granjofen  brac^ten  au^  etn  franjtJfifc^eS  £f)eater 
mit  fief)  nad)  granlfurt.      ^aju  l)atte  ©oet^e   freien 
©intritt,  unb  er  gtng  beinafje  jeben  £ag.    $ier  lernte  10 
er  bie  fran$6fif!i)en  !Dramen  fennen,  tra^  fel)r  bebeutenb 
fitr  fein  fimfttgee  £eben  trar. 

S)iefe  Siebe  gu  bem  Crania  unb  ber  ^3itl)ne  trurbe 
fc^on  einige  ^a^re  rorljer  burcfj  ein  2^eil)nad)tegefc^en! 


xiv      (Boetfye  —  Der  ITCann  unb  ber  Dtdjter. 


ber  guten  (9ropmutter  erwedt.  etc  liefi  ben  &inbern 
ein  i^uppenfpiet  norftetten,  uiefdjetf,  une  (^oetfje  fagre,  ,,in 
bem  often  £>aufe  eine  neue  4BeIt  erfdjuf."  £iefe  Heine 
33iif)ne  blieb  and)  lange  @oett)e0  Vieblingsfpiel^eug. 
s  £er  Xrieb  jur  iSrjd^tung  nnb  ^td)tung  iriurbe  and) 
fef)r  friit)  Don  ber  (ebfjaften,  jitngen  Gutter  ennerft. 
Sie  erja^Ite  @e(d)td)ten  fe^r  gerne,  unb  ber  ^nabe  l)brte 
tmmer  eifrig  ^u.  Cft  er^aljlte  fie  bte  ©efd)id)te  nidjt  ]n 
(Snbe  unb  uberlte^  bem  ^?naben  bte  3?ol(enbung.  2o 

loerregte  unb  begeifterte  fie  feine  ^{jantafie.    X"iefe  @e= 

fd)id)ten  raieberljolte  er  gerne  ben  £naben,  mtt  benen  er 

fpielte,  unb  ,,bte  Suft  ^u  fabulieren"  luurbe  tag  ltd)  ftarfer. 

@d)on  al$  3Wb'Ifj;aI)riger  £nabe  fd)rieb   er  eine  ©e* 

fd)id)te,  bie  au^  39riefen  in  fie  ben  ©pradjen  beftanb. 

15  Stumer  £>eutfd),  ^talientfd),  gran^bfifd),  Cateinifd)  unb 
©riedjifd)  I)atte  er  je^t  aud)  (Snglifd)  unb  ©ebraifd) 
geternt. 

(5r  ia*  aud)  fd)on  bte  beften  SSerfe  alter  ^iteraturen. 
J)ie  33ibel  unb  bte  atten  3?o(f^biid)er  rei$ten  if)n  befon- 

aober^.  33on  ben  neueren  SBerfen  war  ^lopftocfd  9)?ef* 
f  ia^  fein  ^iebting.  gr  (a^  e§  immer  wteber  unb  lernte 
e^  beina^e  aMinenbig.  S3ie((etd)t  I)at  er  tion  biefem 
SBerfe  bte  Dletgung  junt  fdjonen  Aerometer  gefafet,  ben 
er  fpater  fo  pra'djtig  in  §ermann  unb  !t)orott)ea 

ss&ertoenbet  Ijat. 

211^  ©oet^e  fed)jel)n  Qofyn  alt  tt>ar,  murbe  er  auf  bie 
UniDerfitat  ju  Seipjtg  gefdjicft,  urn  nad)  bem  Sunfd)e 
feineS  33ater^  3ur^Pruben^  ^,u  ftubieren.  Gr  l)atte  aber 
fiir  biefe^  ©tubium  njenig  3ntereffe  unb  befd)dftfgte  fid) 

30  befonbers  mit  ^iteratur,  fJtoturnriffettfdjaft  unb  £unft. 

$n  Seipsig  (ernte  er  ben  !t)ireftor  ber  &unftafabemte, 
Slbam  griebrid)  Cefer  (1717-1799),  !ennen.  Cbg(eid) 
©oett)e  fein  Staler  nmrbe,  mad)te  i{)n  Cefer  bodj  mit 


3ugcrtb  unb 


XV 


ben  antifen  &un[ttt>erfen  befannt.  ,,Die  eble  (ginfatt  unb 
bie  [title  ($rbfle"  ber  Slntife  b,atten  eine  ftarfe  SBirfung 
auf  ben  jungen  Stubenten. 

3u  btefer  Veip^tger  Qeit  get)bren  [eine  er[ten  Dratnen, 
bie  nod)  erfyalten  [inb:  Die  Saune  be$  33er*s 
tiebten  (1767)  unb  Die  2ftit[d)uf  bigen  (1768). 
$n  ©e[cf)ma(f  unb  gorm  [inb  beibe  fran^b[i[c^.  ®ie 
[tetten  aber  bar,  tua^  ber  Dicfjter  [etb[t  ertebt  b,at,  unb 
[inb  be£t)alb,  mie  bie  ntei[ten  [einer  SSer!e, 
einer  gro^en  $onfef[ion." 

(gomnter  1768  fetjrte  ©oetb.e  franf  nac^ 
btieb  er  bt^  sum  ^rittjling  1770. 
rei[te  er  nad) 
urn  bort  auf  ber  Unioerfitat 
mtt  [einer  juri[ti[ct)en  @tu=  15 
bien  [ortjufaljren. 

Die  Unioer[itat  b,atte  fei= 
nen  gro^en  (Sinftu^  auf  ifyn, 
aber  ?eute  unb  ^unft  urn 
[o  mefyr.    ^>ier  ternte  er20 
ben  [^on  beriib.mten 
ler  unb  ^rebiger, 
®ott[rieb    Berber   (1744- 
1803),  fennen.     Cbgteid) 
bie[er  nur  fitnf  3atjre  alter  25 
mar,    mar   er   Diet    reifer 
unb  erfafyrener.    (Sr  tetjrte 
©oetf)e  nic^t  nur  Corner, 
C[[ian    unb    @b,afe[peare 
rennen  unb  [i^a^en,  [onbern  30 
fitr  beutft^e  Hun[t  unb  ®e- 
6r  ^eigte  i^m  aud)  bie  <2d)bnf)eit  be^ 


Berber. 

mecfte  au^  [ein 
[d)tcf)te. 


unb  [eine  23ebeutung  fiir  bie 


(Sine  [djb'ne 


xvi      <g>oetfye  —  Der  Ulann  unb  6cr  ZHcfyter. 

biefer  Vetjre  ^erbertf  ift  ba£  prcidjttge  3?olf$lieb  $  e  t 
benrbslein,  ba£  aud)  feine  neue  Vtebe  entbecft: 

,,@al)  etu  &nab'  etn  9to8lein  ftefyn, 
3l68lein  auf  ber  §etbeu, 
2Bar  fo  jung  unb  morgeitfcfyon, 
Sief  er  idjnett,  e§  nat)  jit  fe^n, 
mtt  uielen  greuben. 
,  9to§lein,  9to$Ietn  rot, 
auf  ber  £>eiben. 


fprad):  ,3d)  bred)e  bid), 
9io§tein  auf  ber  §eiben  !  ' 
9J5«Iein  fprad):  ,3d)  fted)e  bid), 
2)a§  bit  erotg  beufft  an  mid), 
llnb  id)  mill's  nid)t  leiben!' 
15  jRoSletn,  9?o«letn,  9fo§Iein  rot, 

auf  ber  §eiben. 


,Unb  ber  twlbe  Inabe  brad) 
'§  9toeitetu  auf  ber  ^eibeu. 

tueljrte  fid)  unb  ftad), 
ih,m  bod)  Fein  28el)  unb  Id 

tben  leiben. 

Stosfein,  ^belein,  9ib'§(ein  rot, 
auf  ber  §etben." 


gottf^e  33auhmft  lernte  ©oettje  buvd)  ba§  Straj?- 
25  burger  9)?itnfter  fennen.    !Dtefe  fd)bne  Htrd)e  geftel  tt)m 
fefjr  unb  ertjdljte  feme  9?etgung  fur  atteS  !Deutfd)e. 

9^td)t  ber  gertngfte  (iinfluB  ouf  ©oetlje  tt?ar  feme  £tek 
gu  grtebertfe,  bte  fdjone  Xod)ter  bed  ^farrer^  ^rton  iu 
ber  fkinett  ®tabt  ©efeu^etm  nafye  bet  ^trapurg.  3I)re 
3o®eftatt  trttt  tior  und  at«  ©retd)en  in  ftauft,  a(d  (5(ar- 
d)en  in  Crgtnont  unb  in  mand)en  ^itgen 
liefer  Siebe  oerbanfen  ttrir  au|er  bem  ^ 
I  etn  aud)  eine  9ietb,e  ber  fdjbnften  ti)rifd)en  ©ebid)te, 
womit  bie  neue  beutfdje  ?t)rtf  loirfltd)  beginnt.  (Sine 


unb 


xvn 


Strafiburij :   bas  lltiinfter. 

ber  fc^bnften  tft  ba^  9)?ottieb,  ba«  mit  ben  SSerfen 
begtnnt: 

,,2Bte  t)ervltd)  (euri)tet 

m\i-  bieSlotur! 

25>ie  flliin^t  bie  Semite!  5 

fflMe  iacijt  bie  ftlitv! 


xviii      <£>oetfye—  Dcr  ZTTann  unb  ber  Dichter. 

„(§«  bringen  Sliiten 
3lu«  jebem  Broeig, 
tlnb  taufenb  ©timmen 
3tu«  bem  ©eftraud), 


5  ,,Unb  greub'  unb  2Bomte 

3lu3  jeber  Sruft. 
O  @rb',  o  @onne  ! 
O  ®lfl(f  ,  o  ?uft  !" 

3u  einer  ^etrat  fonttte  fief)  (Soett)e  aber  nicfyt 

10  gen  unb  »ertie§  grtebertfe  nnb  Strapburg  im 
1771,  nm  fic^  al£  Slboofat  in  f  einer  53aterftabt  nieber^u- 
(affen.  gr  befiimmerte  fid)  aber  fefyr  roenig  nm  ^uri^ 
pruben^,  ;  ba§  itberliep  er  feinem  $ater,  iDdfjrenb  er 
fid)  mit  ber  !Did)tung  befdjafttgte. 

15  Um  grd^ere  praftifd)e  (5rfal)rung  511  gerotnnen,  ^og  er 
im  3ttl)re  1772  nad)  SBefetar,  lt)o  ba£  9?eid)efammergeric^t 
mar.  Segen  einer  graven  sDleigung  31:  db,ar(otte  33uff, 
ber  53raut  feine^  greunbe^,  ^o^a^n  fteftnerft,  ttertie^  er 
Senior  nac^  Dier  9)?onaten  unb  fe^rte  nac^  granffurt 

20  ^uritcf  . 

!5)urc^  ba«  £>rama  ®d^  Don  4BerIid)ingen  (1773) 
wurbe  er  ploljlid)  ber  erfte  £idjter  ^eutfcb.tanb^  unb 
burd)  ben  9?oman  Die  Ceiben  be^  jungen  SSer  = 
t^er  (1774),  ber  erfte  £id)ter  (Suropa§. 

25     ©b^  folgt  Sfyafefpeare  in  ^orm.    (5^  ift  ba$  erfte 

gro^e  gefdjic^ttic^e  Drama  Deutfd)(anbe.    Seine  f)efti* 

gen  ©jenen  au§  bem  DJhttetatter  feiern  ben  ©eift  ber 

Xreue,  ber  Siebe  ber  greiljeit,  unb  ber  Jatigfeit. 

SBertfyer  jeigt  bagegen  bie  traumerifdje  unb  etroa3 

3o  friinftic^e  Sentimentatitat  ber  >$nt.  ^ierin  b,at  ©oet^e 
jum  Xeile  feine  3?eigung  ^u  gfyarlotte  Suff  bargeftetlt. 


Heife  unb  Ulter. 


XIX 


JRctfc  unb  Sitter. 


£)a  ber  junge  ^tdjter  je£t  beriifymt  roar,  befttdjten  if)tt 
t»ie(e  greunbe  unb  bebeutenbe  Seute.  !l)er  roiditigfte 
unter  biefen  roar  £arl  Sluguft  (1757-1828),  ber  junge 
^er^og  oon  ©arf)fen-9S?eitnar.  Sluf  feiner  (Sintabung 
ging  ©oetlje  im  vjjot>ember  1775  nac^  Seitnar,  unb  bas 
blteb  er  aud)  fotange  er  lebte. 


IPetmar:  bas  (Socthehaus. 

£uer  fattb  er  Dtete  geiftreid)e,  gebUbere  ?eute,  obg(etd) 
er  fagen  mu^te : 

ift  unter  ben  ^urften  ©ermanienS  freiltd)  ber  meine, 
unb  fdjmat  ift  fein  ?anb,  mafeig  nur  >»aS  er  tiermag." 

beriif)tnte  ^Dtdjter,  (Hjriftopt)  Martin  Stelanb 
(1733-1813),  roar  frfjon  in  SBeimar.    Spater  fanten  cmd) 


xx       (Boetfye—  Der  illann  unb  6er  Dicfyter. 

Berber  itnb  Sd)iller.    £)er  junge  ftitrft  RW  em  ebter,  inur- 
biger  5ftann,  ben  @oetl)e  batb  Ueben  lernte.    3Me  Gutter 
unb  bie  gran  be3  $iirften  itmren  it)tn  aud)  feljr  freunMid). 
(Sfjavtotte  oon  Stein  (1742-1827),  bie  $rau  eineS  Cffi* 
an  bent  §ofe,  ^atte  t»te((etd)t  ben  cjroBten  perfontU 
(Sinflu^  auf  t{)n.    <Sie  war  etne  fefyr  talentoode  unb 
gebttbete  $van,  unb  fie  begeifterte  it)n  ^u  fcieten  gropen 
3Ber!en.    ©etner  51eigung  gu  ib,r  tierbanfen  luir  t)iele 
feiner  (djonften  ^ijrifen  nnb   befonber^  ba£  f(affi|d)e 
10  T5rama  $  p  ^  t  g  e  n  i  e  . 

3?ti  SBeimar  trat  ©oet()e  in  ben  Tienft  be§  <Staate^ 
ein  unb  nwrbe  enblid)  ber  erftc  9^inifter.  Sr  [odte  nic^t 
nur  ben  jungen  ^^fften  leiten,  fonbern  and)  bie  JyuKin* 
jen,  ben  53ergbau,  ben  Segebau,  bie  gorfte  unb  ba£ 
is  ^rieg^bepartement  be^  Staate^  beforgen.  2?ie(e  3al)re 
luar  er  and)  SMreftor  be§  ^oft^eatcr*. 

33on  feinent  ^itrften  umrbe  er  reii^tic^  befd)enft  unb 
^unt  5lbel  er^b,t.    3e^t  f^neb  er  fid)  -^o^ti 
»  on  ©oet^e.     3um  ©efdjen!  erfyiett  er  ein  fd)bne^  ^ 
20  in  ber  Stabt  unb  baS  ftetne  ©artenb,au§,  ba^  it)m  be- 
fonber$  Iteb  lt)ar. 

33on  il)m  geleitet  gebieb,  ber  ©taat,  unb  ^Beimar  itturbe 

f,ba^  3ltt)en"  ^eutfc^(anb«.     2U3  2)Knifter  b,anbelte  er 

forgfam  unb  rebfid),  trie  fein  fd)dne§  Cieb 

25  1  i  d)  e  (el)rt  : 

ber  2«enfcl), 
itnb  gut! 


Unermiibet  fd)aff'  er 

e,  9ied)te." 


30  Safjrenb  ber  erften  ^eb^n  3'a^)re  in  SSkimar  fonnte 
©oetfje  nid)t  fet)r  Diet  bidjten.  ^itr  ben  ,f)of  fcfyrieb  er  f(ei= 
nere  1)ramen  unb  ©ebidjte.  T)ie  Slnfange  oon  $auft, 


Hcifc  unb  2tltcr. 


XXI 


tPctmar :  bas  (Sartcnhaus. 

(Sgmont,  3pb,igenie,  ^aff°  un&  *>ie  erften  33ii= 
djer  t)on  2Bttt)e(m  ^eifterd  Cefjrja^ren  fallen 
in  btefe  £eit.  (Sr  getubfynte  fid)  aber  an  taglid)e  Slrbett, 
unb  au§  einent  fd)Wanlenben  Bungling  ift  er  ein  fefter 
sD?ann  geinorben.  5 

3m  3af)re  1786  nmrbe  tijm  ba<<  (Mefd)(ift^=  unb  £)of; 
leben  laftig.    xBie  fein  £teb  ^eigt,  fe^nte  er  fid)  nad) 
unb  grieben. 

,,£er  bit  Don  bem  Stmmet  bift, 
"Me§  ?etb  unb  ©i^merjen  jtiUeft,  i« 

Xen,  ber  boppelt  etenb  ift, 
Xoppelt  mit  (Srqutcfnng  fitUeft, 
•3d),  id)  bin  be«  Xreiben^  mitbc ! 


xxii      (Soetfye  —  Der  iHartn  unb  ber  ZHcfyter. 


joll  all  ber  ©djmerj  ttnb  ?uft? 
©lifter  grtebe, 
$omm,  ad)  fomm  in  meine  33ruft  !" 

(£r  madjte  alfo  bie  (angerfefynte  9Jeife  nod)  flatten. 
s  |)ier  nwrbe  er  nrieber  munter  unb  Better.    (*r  felbft  nennt 

biefe  3^tt  cine  ,,33Mebergeburt." 
$n  Wom  ternte  er  bie  cmtife  funft  njirfUd)  fetmett. 

©ein  ^ntereffe  fitr  bie  gottfdje  53aufitnft,  fitr  Sfjafc* 

fpeare  unb  Offtan  oeriDanbette  fid)  in  ^egeifterung  fitr 
10  bie  Slntife,  fitr  Corner  unb  ©op^ofte^.    33on  nun  an  war 

unb  blieb  er  $laffifer. 
2Ba^  er  in  ^tatien  erlebt  unb  erfatjren  ^ot,  erjafytt 

er  in  feiner  ^tadenif^^it  9?eife.    5)ie  ^ramen 

^p^igenie,  Xaffo  unb  Crgtnont  niurben  aud)  gan1, 
isneu  gefdjrieben.    Slnbere  ^ritdjte  biefer  3eit  finb  bie 

fd)bnen   ©ebid)ter  9?  5  mi* 

f  d)e  (Stegien  unb  33ene  = 

ttanifdje  (Spigramnte. 

Slt^    ®oett)e    1  788    nad) 

2o2Beimar    ^uriidfe^rte,    be- 

freite  ifjn  ber  §erjog  Don 

feinen    fd)tr>eren     Staat^- 

bienften.    53on  bem  antifen 

©eift  burd)brungen,  fitfjtte 
25  er  fid)  aber  fremb  in  feiner 

§eimat  unb  unter  feinen 

frufjeren  greunben. 
(Sr  niurbe  aud)  meiter  Don 

bem   ^)ofe    entfernt    burd) 
3o  feine  SBerbinbung  mit  6^          chriftiane 

tttane  SButytuS,  etnem  tteb= 

Iid)en  iungen  9Wabd)en  au^  bem  53otfe.    3S)ie  er  fie  fanb, 

bef  djreibt  er  in  bem  f  djonen  8iebe  ©efunben: 


2vetfe  unb  filter.  xxiii 

,,3d)  fling  im  SBalbe 
©o  fiir  mid)  f)tn, 
Unb  nid)t§  ju  fudjen, 
2>a«  mar  mein  Sinn. 

,,3m  @d)atten  fab,  id) 
(Sin  33liimd)en  ftelm, 
2Bie  @terne  lendjtenb, 
2Bie  &ugfein  fdjbn. 

,,3d)  roottt'  e§  bredjen, 
2)a  fagt'  e§  fein  : 
'©oil  id)  jum  SBelfen 
©ebrodjen  fein?' 

,,3d)  grub'§  mit  alien 
55en  SSiirjIein  ait§, 
3um  ©arten  tntg  id)'8 
2tm  t)ttbfd)en 


,,llnb  pftan^t'  e8  mieber 
S3lm  fttUen  Ort  ; 
yiun  jmeigt  eS  immer 
Unb  blii^t  fo  fort." 

3m  $al)re  1Y94  begamt  bte  fcf)ijne  ^reunbf^aft 
fcfyen  ©oet^e  unb  bem  gro^en  Didjter 
5Ttebric^  Don  Sdjttfer  (1759-1805). 
bte  fiir  ©oetfje  ,,em  neuer  g-rii^mg"  roar,  tft  etne  ber 
frfjottften  in  ber  gan^en  ®efrf)id^te  ber  tfiteratur.  3U25 
mandjem  fcfjb'nen  Serfe  begeifterten  fie  fic^  aucf).  gitr 
r§  aftljettfc^e  3^itf(^rift  Me  §  or  en  fcfyrieb  ©oet^e 
itnb  jitfammen  fcfjrieben  fie  bie  Xenien,  fur^e 
(Spigramme,  niorin  fie  bie  Citeratur  unb  bie  !Dic^ter  ber 
^eit  beitrteiften  unb  oerfpotteten.  30 

Stiller  trieb  (9oet()e  an,  feinen  Ionian  SBHfyefm 
SOZeifterS   Se^rjaljre  311  oollenben  (1796).     iann 


xxiv      ®oetfye  —  Dcr  Ittann  unb  ber  Dieter. 


fdjrieb  ©oetfye  in  furjer  $eit 
mann  unb  X)orotl)ea. 
SSiete  fdjbne  33attaben  ge* 
l)8ren  and)  $it  biefer  ,3eit. 

s  <Sd)ilIerg  Job  roar  fitr 
©oet^e  etn  tiefer  S3erluft. 
Sr  luanbte  fii^  je^t  pr 
SBiffenfc^aft  unb  entberfte 
trieleS.  $m  3a{)re  1808 

ioerfd)ien  ber  erfte  %e\l  be^ 
gauft,  beffen  Slnfanqe 
big  in  Me  granffurter  unb 
(gtrapurger  ^tten  juritcf- 
gefyen.  T)er  jroeite  Xeil 

iserfdjien  erft  oiele  3al)re 
fpater  (1831)  fur$  oor  fet* 
nem  Xobe.  £)a3  ®anje 
tft  ba«  gri5§te  Serf  fei* 


epifdje  ®ebid)t  |)er 


SdjiUcr. 


unb  eineg  ber  gropten  Bremen  ber  Sett. 
Sin  britter  grower  9?oman,  bie  SaI)lDerinanbt  = 
fc^aften,  rourbe  1809  fyerauSgegeben  unb  feine  5luto* 
biograpljie,  !Did)tung  unb   SKa^r^eit,  1811-1814. 
2BHf)e(m  SD'Jeifterg  Sanberja^re  erfdjienen  im 
1821  unb  je^n  Safye.  fptiter  ber  jtueite  2:eil  beg 


giir  bie  gro^en  Iriege  ^eutfdjfanbs  gegen  Napoleon 

(1806-1815)  tjatte  ©oetfje  roentg  ^ntereffe.    @r  jog  fit^ 

guriid  unb  ftubierte  orientatifdje  ©pradjen  unb  Cttera- 

turen.    X)ie  grudjt  biefeg  etubiumg  finbet  man  in  ben 

sofd)bnen  ©ebidjten  beg  S  eft  8  ft  (id)  en  £iDang. 

@o  ging  fetn  tangeg  unb  nitij(i(^eg  Seben  ,^u  Grnbe. 
25ater  unb  Gutter,  ^rau  unb  $inb  roaren  fdjon  lange 
fort,  fotDofyl  roie  ber  §erjog,  bie  ^er^ogin,  Sietanb, 


unb  filter. 


XXV 


Berber  unb  Sdjilfer.  £er  unirbige  (9ret#  mar  einfam 
unb  aUetn.  9Jfit  £ranen  in  ben  Slugen  roieberfyotte  er 
ba$  prdd)tige  iMeb: 

,,Uber  alien  ©ipfetn 

3ft  9tul)', 

3n  alien  SBipfeln 

©piireft  bu 

$aum  einen  §anc^; 

3)ie  3?ogleitt  fci)n)eia,en  im  SBatbe. 

SSarte  nnv,  balbe 

9tn()eft  bu  and)." 


Jt?o  <Soetbc  ,,ilbcr  alien  (Stpfcln"  fcfyneb. 


3>tt 


Sr  tjatte  jefet  oud)  nicfyt  me{)r  lange  jit  marten. 
feinem  breiunbarfjtjtgften  3:ttt)re  fproc^  er  am  22. 
1832  feine  le^ten  Sorter  ,M^  8tcf)t."     3ur  ©cite 
feiner  greunbe  8(^tUer  unb  ^art  5lugnft  rut)t  er  in  ber  15 
gtirftengruft  311  SBeimar. 


xxvi      (Soetfye  —  Der  ilTann  unb  ber  Dtditer. 


itnb  Sljarafter. 

$oet()e  mar  einer  ber 
,d)onften  banner,  bie  je 
getebt  fyaben.  ©eine 
33itfte,  bie  im  $af)re  1787 
sin  OJom  gemadjt  nmrbe, 
jetgt  etnen  ^opf,  ber  fc^b- 
ner  ift,  al«s  beu  be3  5lpo((o 


Seine  ,3dtgenoffen 

10  ben    nie    miibe,    ifyn    a(^ 

©dtterbtlb    unb    9D?eifter* 

merf  ber  S^atur  ju  fc^il* 

bern.     ,,|)eute    tnar    etne 

Stitnbe,"  fdjreibt  $}ie(anb, 

is  ,,it>o  id)  ifyn  in  feiner  gan^en 

^errlidjfeit  fafy: 


(Soethc. 


,,3Rit  feinem  jdjroai^en  2Iiigenpaar, 
3aubernbeu  SLucjen  mit  Ootterblicfen, 
©kid)  mad)tig  ju  toten  unb  511  ent^iicfen 
@o  trat  er  unter  un&  (jerrlic!)  unb  Ijefyr, 
(Sin  edjter  ©eifterfonig,  ba^er. 
®o  ^at  ftd)  nie  in  ©ottee  SSett 
Sin  9T?enf(f)enfo^n  nne  bargefteUt." 


!Der  3au^er  ^er  ^erfon  war  nidjt   grower  ati  ber 
3auber  be^  ©emiite^  unb  be«<  ®eifte$.    Sin  ^reun^ 
feiner  ^ngenb  fogte  oon  il)m:    ,,¥$a%  ©oetl)e  fprad), 
mar  grb^r,  a(^  fta^  er  fcfjrteb,  unb  ft>a^  er  tebte,  grower, 
tt)a^  er  fprad)."     2d)on  at^   er    fedjeunb^Dan^ig 
a(t  war,  fagte  einer  [einer  ^yreunbe:  ,,^ie  9Zacf)* 
sofomnten  toerben  ftaunen,  i>a§  je  fo  ein  9J?enfd)  mar." 
<Sd)itIer,  ber  ifyn  am  beften  fannte,  fagte,  ba§  er  al^ 


unb  (£arafter.  xxvii 


9ftenfd)  Diet  fjerrlidjer  unb  geiftreicfyer  fet  al§  irgenb 
einer,  ben  er  je  gefannt  tjabe.  ,,($r  fyatte  erne  fjofye 
SBafyrfyeit  unb  33ieberfeit  in  feiner  9Zatur  unb  ben  l)o'd)= 
[ten  (Srnft  fitr  ba3  9?ecf)te  unb  ©ute." 

2Ber  ben  atteren  ©oetfje  be^etc^nen  lottl,  fprtc^t  hrnner  s 
Don  feiner  ,,oft)mptfd)en  9?u^e  unb  ^etterfeit."    !Diefe^ 
frb'l)Iid)e  35ertrauen  auf  ®ott  erbte  er  Don  feiner  ^eiteren 
Gutter,  bie  fetbft  in  ber  £tit  be^  J?riege^  ru^ig  unb 
fogar  fdjerjenb  in  ^ranlfurt  blieb. 

©oet()e§  ^Ru^e  ging  faft  bi§  jum  B'tttati^ntu^,  tttie  feine  10 
eigenen  Sorte  jeigen.  ,,!Die  ftttgel,  auf  ber  mem  s)iame 
nidjt  fte^t,  loirb  mid)  nid)t  treffen."  ,r^er  sX?enfd)  ift 
nidjt  btoB  in  ©otte«^  £mnb,  fonbern  er  irirb  Don  it)tn  fo 
gefitl)rt,  ba^  er  auf,f)b'l)ere  ^3at)nen  unb  fdjlie^Iid)  gu 
einer  (Srlbfung  getangt."  15 


,,S«  faun  mtr  nic^t«  gefcf)ef)en, 
2lt«  tt)a§  ©ott  tjat  erfe^en." 

©oet^e  fjatte  menig  ^ntereffe  fitr  potitifdje  ©adjen 
unb  bege^rte  nic^t  ^rieg^^etb  511  fein.    (gr  aiar  ein 
,"  beffen  @pric^tt)ort  tt>or: 


,,33efonber§  feinen  9J?enfc^en  fjaffen 
llnb  ba«  iibrige  ®ott  itbertaffen." 

9^eDo(ution  unb  ^rieg  tworen  ifjrn  piuiber,  benn  fie  f)in* 
berten  bie  frieblicfye  GnttDicfelung  ber  Sftenfdjen  unb  bie 
ber  Sett.  25 

tabette  i()n  bod),  ba§  er  fein  3?o(f  im  Sampfe 
gegen  Napoleon  nid)t  menigften^  al^  ®id)ter  antrieb. 
<T)a^u  fjatte  er  aber  eine  3tntroort.  „$  riegdtieber  fdjrei- 
ben  unb  tm  3imtner  f^en  —  ^a^  U1<*re  tnetne  Slrt 
gewefen  \  2lu£  bent  53ift>af  tjerau^,  IDO  man  nad)t£  bie  3° 
ber  feinbtidjen  53orpoften  tDtet)ern  t}cirt,  ba 


xxviii     (Boetfye  —  Dcr  ITfann  unb  ber  Dicfyter. 


f)atte  id)  e3  mir  gefallen  laffen.  .  .  .  53et  mir  aber, 
ber  id)  feme  friegerifdje  ittatur  bin  wtb  fetnen  fne= 
gerifdjen  Sinn  f)abe,  miirben  $rieg*lieber  eine  5)?a*fe 
geroefen  fein,  bie  mir  fefyr  fd)lerf)t  511  @efid)t  geftanben 
5  fjiitte." 

Cbroof)!  er  firf)  fiir  £rteg  unb  .^rieg^neber  nicf)t  in= 
tereffierte,  war  er  bocl)  einer  ber  oielfeitigften  sDMnner. 
(5r  frfjien  in  alien  Siffenfrfjaften  unb  £iinften,  mtt  alien 
?anbern  unb  3e^ten  befannt  ju  fetn.  Jvitr  bie  Sunfr 

10  unb  bie  3CRaIerei  ^atte  er  eine  nicf)t  geringe  ©abe.  v))?el)r 
al^  ein  I)albev<  .^fy^mttert  mar  er  Snifter  unb  ntefyr 
al^  ein  2?iertelja^r{)unbert  1}ireftor  be3  .'ooftfjeaterei. 
Slid  3un9^mfl  niitn[rf)te  er  fid)  ^rofeffor  an  einer  Unt- 
toerfitat  ju  njerben.  2II^  3Mre!tor  bevJ  ^oftfjeater^ 

isgritnbete  er  eine  Xfyeaterfdnile,  unb  me^rere  ^a^re  i»er* 
maltete  er  bie  Uninerfita't  ju  3ena« 

!j)ie  SSett  fennt  ifyn  befonberd  al^  Xidjter,  aber  nie 
ttntrbe  ein  3)?enfd)  mit  grb Cerent  9?ed)te  ^aturforfdjer 
genannt.  gaft  ade  ©ebiete  ber  3Siffenfd)aft  I)at  er  be= 

aoretdjert,  meil  iufmerffamfett  eine  Xugenb  bei  il)m  roar. 
$eben  befonberen  Stein  unb  jebe  ^Pflan^e  am  ®ege 
bemerfte  er;  nid)t3  tuar  il)nt  ^u  flein  ober  $u  gertng. 
^ie  xj?atur  ber  £inge  gu  erforfdjen  mar  feme  fjbdifte 
^reube.  ,,Da^  (Srforfdjtidje  erforfd)t  ^u  I)aben  unb  ba^ 

25  Unerf orfd)Iid)e  rufjig  ^u  oere^ren,"  nannte  er  ,,ba3  f d)bn- 
fte  ©liicf  be^  benfenben  sJWenfd)en." 

9J?and)e^,  ma*  er  in  feinen  Stubien  iiber  Jiere  unb 
^flan^en  geteiftet  I)at,  fommt  "Darmin  ^uoor.  (5r  gritnbete 
bie  ?e^re  ber  9Worp^otogie  in  ber  $otantf  unb  entbecfte 

30  bie  3?ermanbtfd)aft  aller  organtfdjen  SSefen.  3tud)  in  ber 
Cptif,  tiergteidjenber  Mnatomie,  Weologie  unb  sD?eteoro= 
(ogie  mar  er  nid)t  nur  ©elel)rter,  fonbern  aud)  43al)n= 
bredjer.  (5r  bef)errfrf)te  faft  allee,  ma*  bie  iBtlbung  aller 


Stellc  als  Dicfytcr.  xxix 


SBblfer  (MrofteS  unb  Sd)bne£  gefdjaffen  l)atte.  (Sinige 
feiner  Xtieorien  finb  jefct  ^mar  oeraltet,  aber  $u  feiner 
£eit  toaren  fie  bod)  fefyr  nndjtig. 

Stelte  al3  $tfycr. 

51(3  <£)td)ter  war  ®oetf)e  and)  einer  ber  oielfeitigften 
a((er  gtittn  unb  ©pradjen.    35on  feinen  gro^en  Serfen  5 
g(eicf)t  fetnee  bent  anberen,  unb  ade  Slrten  ber  !Dic^tung 
fjat  er  mtt  Ijbrfjfter  SBitrbe  befyanbelt :  Sieb,  ^Batlabe  unb 
Obe,  Gtegie  unb  gpigramm,  ^^^e^  8egenbe  unb 
be(,  Operette,  £ombbie  unb  Xragbbte,  9?omon  unb 
Seine  Serfe  itber  ©efc^ic^te  unb  $8iograpt)ie  unb  feme  10 
9?etfebefd)reibungen  finb  OJZufter  nai^  ^-orm  unb  3nf)a(t ; 
feine  ^ieber  finb  bie  ritfyrenbften  unb  jarttidjften,  bie  je 
gebidjtet  tnorben  finb. 

Unter  ben  grb^ten  X)i(^tern  ber  SSelt  fte^en  nur  Co- 
rner, Sfyatefpeare  unb  ^Dante  i^m  gtei(^r  unb  Don  biefen  15 
I)at  feiner  fo  niet  geteiftet.    Seine  £teber  adein  erflaren 
t^n  ,,ben  beutfdjen  !Dmerfurften,"  fein  ^auft,  ben 
ten  pl)ilofopt)if(^en  2)ic^ter  ber  neueren  gtit ;  bo^ 
^ermann  unb   2)orot^ea  ift  au^ge^eidjnet,  unb 
feine  9?omane  fte^en  nod)  je^t  unter  ben  beften.    ^lorl  20 
^einemann  fagt  Don  i^m :  ,,£er  3)ramati!er  ®oetf)e  ift 
grofc,  grower  ber  epifer,  aber  ber  grbftte,  ber  tbnig  alter 
£id)ter,  ift  ber  8t)rifer  ©oet^e." 

^ebeS  feiner  SSerfe  befd)reibt  tna^  er  felbft  ertebt  unb 
erfa{)ren  fyat.  33om  ®b^  bi§  jum  jroeiten  Xeite  be^as 
^auft  ift  jebeS  int  3n^a(t  unb  im  @ti(  eine  2Be(t  fitr 
fi<^,  unb  feineS  gteic^t  bent  anberen.  Sein  3bea(  mar 
bag  (5b(e,  bag  fid)  itber  atteS  sJiiebrige  erfyebt.  Seiner 
lt)ar  ein  der',eib^enber  ©eift,  ber  bie  menfc^Iic^en  ^e^Ier 
unb  3^'rtuTner  milbe  beurteilte.  Sein  Serlangen  war,  30 


xxx     <£>oetfye  —  Der  IHann  unb  ber  Dtcfyter. 


int  twfyrften  unb  b,bd)ften  Sinne  SWenfrf)  ^u  fetn,  iinb 
bae>  atteS  nrirb  in  feinen  £id)tungen  gefuiegelt. 

©eine  SBerfe  gefyb'ren  alfo  nidjt  einem  2?o(fe,  fon= 
bern  ber  gan^en  2Belt,  meif  feine  @efitl)(e  odgetnetn 

smenfc^Uc^  waren.  2Bie  Corner  unter  ben  2llten,  rebet 
er  nic^t,  fonbern  matt  unb  frfjafft  un«  (ebenbige  ©eftalten 
Don  ^leifc^  unb  ^3Iut,  beren  ©efit^(e  unb  33er(angen  bte 
unfrtgen  finb.  ,,SBte  bte  ©otttjeit  fyinter  bent  SSettge- 

.  baube,"  fagt  Settler  non  bent  Gptfer  ©oetfye,  f,fo  fte^t  er 

10  b,tnter  fetnem  SSerf." 

J)a^  X)ic^ten  mar  fiir  65oetf)e  etne  natitrli^e  (Mabe,  bie 
t^m  feine  3Ritf)e  macfjre.  2cf)i(Ier  fagte  einntal:  r,35?a^ 
renb  toir  anberen  mii^fetig  fammeln  unb  pritfen  mil  [fen, 
urn  etma^  £eiblicf)e3  langfant  Ijernor^ubringen,  barf  er 

15  nur  Iei8  an  bent  ^Baunte  [djiittetn,  urn  [tc^  bie  fdjflnften 
^riti^te,  retf  unb  [d)iner,  jufallen  ^u  laffen."  2((^  alter 
9ftann  fagte  ©oetfje  felber  Don  feinen  £icf)tungen :  ,,Qd) 
()atte  oorfjer  !eine  5l^nung,  fonbern  fie  famen  ptb^(id) 
iiber  mid)  unb  rootften  augenbtirflid)  gemadjt  fetn,  fo  bof? 

20  id)  fie  auf  ber  @tefle  nieber^ufd)reiben  mid)  getrieben 
fitb,Ite." 

-^ntnter  wteber  merben  aud)  btefe  pra'd)tigen  xJ 
werfe  gelefen,  bie  ber  'Didjter  erb,ie(t 

,,3tu§  SKorgenbuft  geiuebt  unb  SonnenMarljeit, 
25  2)er  2)id)timg  Sd)(eter  auo  ber  §anb  ber  iBaljrljett." 


jpermann  nub  £orotl)ea 


Hermann  unb 


Slcgtc. 

2I(fo  bag  mare  $erbred)en,  baft  einft  propers  mid)  be* 

geiftert, 

£)af?  Partial  fid)  ju  mir  aud),  ber  nenuegne,  gefeflt? 
£)afj  id)  bie  SUtett  nid)t  fyinter  mir  liejj,  bte  <2d)itle  311 
Bitten, 

fie  nad)  Catium  gern  mir  in  ba3  Ceben  gefolgt? 
id)  xJ?atur  unb  Hunft  ju  fdjaun  mid)  treulid)  be^s 
ftrebe, 

fein  yJ?ame  mid)  ttiufdjt,  bap  mid)  fein  X>ogma 
bef  djra'nft  ? 

ntdjt  be«  £eben§  bebingenber  T)rang  mid),  ben 
9ftenfd)en,  tieranbert, 

id)  ber  £)eitd)e(ei  bitrftige  9J?a^fe  derfd)mal)tv 
Soldjer  ^e^err  bie  bn,  o  9)hife,  fo  emfig  gepfleget, 

3eil)et  ber  ^obel  mid);  "|Sobe(  nitr  fiet)t  er  in  mir.        10 
3a,  fogar  ber  Seffere  felbft,  gutmittig  unb  bteber, 

2BiIl  mid)  anber£;  bod)  bu,  sIRufe,  befieljtft  mir  attetn. 
1)enn  bu  bift  e#  attein,  bie  nod)  mir  bie  innere  ^ugenb 

^rifd)  erneueft,  unb  fie  mir  bie  }u  (Snbe  t>erfprid)ft. 
si(ber  oerboppte  nunmef)r,  o  ©b'ttin,  bie  ^eilige  ©orgfatt!  15 

3 


Qermann  unb  Dorothea. 


Stdj!    bie  Sd)eite(  umroattt  reidjlid)  bie  ?ocfe  nidjt 

mefyr. 
a  bebarf  man  ber  .Qran^e,  fid)  felbft  unb  anbere  $u 

taufdjen; 

bod)  Gafar  felbft  ttur  aus  ^Bebitrfnt^  bad 


bit  ein  ?orbeerret$  mir  beftimmt,  fo  lap  e#  am 


20     Setter  a,rimen,  unb  gib  ein  ft  e?  bent  SSitrbicjern  tjin; 
2lber  9?ofen  nnnbe  genug  ^um  t)du^(icf)en  .^ran^e; 
a(^  ?tlte  fcf)(ingt  fttberne  Vorfe  ftc^  burd). 
bie  ©atttn  bad  ^euer,  auf  reinUdjen  ,f)erbe  ^u 
f  odjen  ! 

SSerfe  ber  .Qnabe  bad  9Jetd,  fptefenb,  gefc^cifttg  ba^tt! 
im  23ed)er  nid)t  fel)(en  ben  Setn!     Ortefprarfjige 

greunbe, 

®(etcf)geftnnte,  herein!    .Qtan^e,  fie  marten  auf  Crud). 
(Srft  bie  ©cfunbljcit   bed   banned,    ber   enb(td)   nom 

^amen  .'pomerod' 

^itl)n  tntd  befreienb,  uni?  aud)  ruft  in  bie  no  Here  $al)n. 
I^enn  roer  magte  mit  ©bttern  ben  Sampf  ?  unb  roer  mit 

betn  (SinenV 

3o     Tod)  ©omeribe  }u  fein,  aud)  nur  ate  letter,  ift  fcf)8n. 
Xarum  I)brt  bad  nettfte  63ebid)t!  nod)  etnmaf  getrunfen  ! 
(Sud)  beftecfie  ber  5Bein,  greunbfdjaft  unb  Stebe  bad 
Cl)r. 


<£legte.  5 

3>eutfd)en    fctber    fiiljr'    id)   £ud)    }u,  in    bie    ftUIere 


2Bo  fid),  nctf)  ber  92atur,  menfd)Iirf)  ber  3J?enfd)  nod) 

eqiefyt. 

Una  begleite  be£  £Hd)ter3  (S3eift,  ber  feine  ?utfe  35 

tffafd)  bent  initrbigen  ^-reunb,  und  ^u  entjitrfen,  toer- 

banb. 

Stud)  bie  traurtcjen  ^BUber  ber  £eit,  fie  fiit)r'  id)  uoritber; 
?(ber  e^  fiege  ber  9J?ut  in  bent  gefunben  ®efd)ted)t. 
'  id)  gild)  Xrancn  in^  3luge  getodt,  unb  ?uft  in  bte 

(2ee(e 
ingenb  geflc>j?t,  fo  lomntt,  britdet  mid) 


Seife  benn  fei  ba§  ©efprcid)  !    Un3  (etjret  2Bei«<t)eit  am 
(Snbe 

)r^un^ertr  U)en  ^)at  ^a^  ®efd)icf  nid)t  ge- 
pritft? 

tjeiterer  nun  auf  fene  ©djmer^en  $urit<fe, 
Senn  (Sud)  ein  frb()tid)er  Sinn  mand)e^  entbet)r(id) 
erffart. 

(ernten  iuir  fennetj  unb  OJationen;   fo 


Unfer  cigencS  §erj  fennenb,  un^  beffen  erfreun. 


unb 

n  ncun  Qtefangen 


Kalltopc. 


@(f)irffttt  unit  SluteU. 

'  id)  ben  5)J?ar!t  unb  bte  ©traften  bod)  nte  fo  etn* 
fam  gef  efyen  ! 
3ft  bod)  bie  Stabt  niie  gefeljrt!  wie  au^geftorbett!  Wi 


'Deudjt  mtr,  btieben  jurittf  Don  alien  unfern  53etnol)nern. 
$£Q.$  bte  ^eugier  nid)t  tut!  2o  rennt  unb  lauft  nun  ein 

jeber, 

Urn  ben  traurtgen  gn^  ber  armen  i^ertrtebnen  $u  fe^en.  5 
53t§  jum  Santmaieg,  meldjen  fie  jief)n,  tft'^  inttner  ein 

Stimbdjen, 

Unb  ba  (auft  man  l)inab  im  ^eij^en  Staube  be^  SO^ittag^. 
iDZbd)t'  id)  mid)  bod)  nid)t  ritl)ren  dom  ^ta^,  um  ju  fefjen 

bo*  (Henb 
@uter  ftie^enber  SOZenfdjen,  bte  nun  mit  gerettetev 

9 


10  I.  KalHope. 


bag  itberrfyeinifdje  £anb,  bag  fdjb'ne,  Derlaffenb, 
$u  ung  fyeritberfommen  unb  burcf)  ben  gtitcflidjen  SMnfel 
£)iefeg  frudjtbaren  Xalg  itnb  feiner  llruntntungen  tt>an- 

bern. 
£refftidj  tjaft  bu  gefyanbelt,  o  ^rait,  baj?  bit  milbe  ben 

@of)n  fort 
Sc^idteft,  mit  altem  ?tnnen  unb  etlt)a«  Gffcn  unb 

fen, 

15  llm  e$  ben  Strmen  su  fpenben  ;  benn  ©eben  ift 
beg  9?eid)en. 

^nnge  bod)  fa  ^rt  unb  tote  er  bcinbigt  bie  §engfte  ! 
gitt  nimmt  bag  ^ittf^rfjen  fid)  cuts,  bag  neue  ;  be* 
quem(id) 

oiere  bavin  unb  auf  bent  33ocfe  ber  $utfd)er. 
X)tegmal  fut)r  er  adein  ;  lute  rolft'  eg  (eid)t  um  bie  ©cfe!" 
20  (go  fprad),  unter  bent  Jore  beg  ftaufeg  fi^enb  am  9}?arfte, 
,  jur  ^rau  ber  3Birt  jum  gotbenen  8oit)en. 


Unb  eg  oerfe^te  barauf  bie  fhtge,  tierftanbige 

frau: 
,,$ater,  tti^t  gerne  Derfdjenf  id)  bie  abgetragene 

h)anb  ; 
£>enn  fie  ift  ju  mancfyem  Oebraud)  unb  fitr  ®elb  nid)t 

I)aben, 

25  Senn  man  ifyrer  bebarf  .    3)oc^  I)eute  gab  id)  fo  gerne 
9ftand)eg  beffere  Stittf  an  Uberjitgen  unb  §emben  ; 


—  ttnter  fcem  dore  bes  Baufcs  fitjenb. 

—  I,  20. 


Sdjicffal  unb  2lnteil.  11 

£)enn  id)  fyb'rte  don  $inbern  unb  2Uten,  bie  narfenb  bafyer- 

ge(m. 
Sirft  bit  mir  aber  oer$ett)n?  betm  and)  bein  2d)ranf  ift 

geptiinbert. 

Unb  befonber*  ben  Sdjlafrod  mit  inbiani[ci)en  tinmen, 
5>on  bent  feinften  $attun,  mit  fetnem  glanede  gefiittert,  3° 
(Sab  id)  t)in  ;  er  ift  bitnn  unb  alt  nnb  gan^  au^  ber  Sftobe." 

2(ber  ee  layette  brauf  ber  treffttdje  f>au^n)irt  nnb  fagte  : 
,,Ungern  oermtff  id)  if)n  bod),  ben  alien  fattunenen 


Gd)t  oftinbtfd)en  ©toff^;  fo  etroa^  friegt  man  nidjt  mieber. 
SBof)!!  id)  trug  ifm  nidjt  mef)r.    Sftan  toitl  je^t  freiltd),  35 

ber  9J?ann  foil 

3mnter  ge()n  im  Sitrtont  unb  in  ber  ^efefdje  fid)  ,eigen, 
geftiefe(t   fein  ;    tterbannt   ift   ^antoffet   unb 


,,Siet)e!"  oerfe^te  bie  ^rau,  ,,bort  fomnten  fdjon  einige 

wieber, 
te  ben  3^g  mit  gefe^n  ;  er  muJ5  bod)  i»o^(  fdjon  uorbei 

fein. 
,  mie  alien  bie  2d)ul)e  fo  ftaubig  finb  !  nn'e  bie  ®e-  4° 

fid)ter 

!  unb  jeglidjer  fitfjrt  ba^  Sdjnupftud)  unb  ttiifdjt 

fid)  ben  2d))neiJ5  ab. 


12  I. 


t'  id)  bod)  and)  in  ber  £)i£e  nad)  foldjem  2d)aufpie( 

fo  toeit  nid)t 

£anfen  unb  leiben!  $itrroab,r,  id)  fyabe  genug  am  Crr,af)(= 
ten." 

llnb  e^  fagte  barauf  ber  gute  3?ater  mtt  ^adjbruct  : 
45  ,,&old)  ein  ^Better  tft  felten  ^u  fo(d)er  Grnte  gefommen, 
Unb  rair  bringen  bte  $rud)t  tjerein,  mie  ba^  §eu  fdjon 

^erein  tft, 
Xrocfen  ;  ber  £nmmel  ift  I)eU,  e^  tft  fein  SSo(fd)en  jit 

fetjen, 

Unb  Don  s3)Zorgen  me^et  ber  2Btnb  mit  lieblidjer  .^ittjtung. 
£a$  tft  beftonbtges  SSetter,  nnb  itberretf  ift  ba£  .Qorn 

fdjon  ! 
so3J?orgen  fangen  tt)ir  an,  311  fdjnetben  bte  retd)(id)e  Grnte." 

Slfe  er  fo  fprad),  Dermetjrten  fid)  immer  bie  2d)aren 

ber  Scanner 
Unb  ber  Seiber,  bie  itber  ben  3)?arft  fid)  nad)  ,f)aufe  be= 

gaben  ; 

Unb  fo  fant  and)  ^nritcf  mit  feinen  Xbdjtern  gefab,ren 
9?afd),  an  bie  anbere  Seite  be^  9D?arfte,  ber  begiiterte 

s)itod)bar 
55  Sin  fein   erneuerte^  £wiie,   ber    erfte    .ftaufmann   bee 

Crte*, 
3m  gedffneten  Sagen  (er  roar  in  Vanbau  oerfertigt). 


Sdjicffal  unb  2lnteil.  13 

i'ebljaft  nwrben  bie  Waff  en  ;  benn  mol)l  mar  beDb'tfert  ba$ 

•         @tabtd)en, 

sJttand)er  ftabrifen    beflifj  man    fid)  ba  unb  mandjeS 


Unb  fo  fa$  ba$  trauttdje  ^aar,  fi^  unter  bem  Xor- 

meg 
liber   ba^  manbernbe   33otf   nttt   manner  ^Bemerfnng  60 

ergb^enb. 

(Snb(irf)  aber  begann  bte  mitrbtge  ."paitSfrau  unb  fagte: 
,,Set)t!  bort  fommt  ber  s^rebtger  ^er;e^  fommt  aud) 

ber  s)?ad)bar 
2lpot^e!er  nttt  tfym  ;  bte  follen  un^  atfe£  er^a^ten, 

fie  braupen  gefefyn  unb  wa^  ^u  fc^auen  nidjt  frot) 

ntad)t." 

id)  fatnen  fyeran  bte  beiben  unb  grit^ten  ba3  65 


©eljten  fid)  auf  bie  53anfe,  bte  piemen,  unter  bem 

Xonueg, 
@taub  Don  ben   $itpen  f^itttelnb  unb  ?uft  mtt   bem 

Xud)e  fic^  fiidjelnb. 

£)a  begann  benn  ^uerft  nac^  medjfelfeitigen 
®er  5lpotl)efer  ju  fprerfjen  unb  fagte  beinatje 
,,So  finb  bte  9)?enfd)en  fitrnial)r  !  unb  einer  ift  bod)  mie  70 

ber  anbre, 


14  I.   tfalitope. 


er  311  gaffen  fid)  freut,  menu  ben  xJcad)ften  ein  Un= 

glitrf  befattet  ! 
Sauft  bod)  feber,  bie  Jvlamme  511  feb,n,  bie  oerberb(id) 

empor(d)(agt, 
3eber  ben  armen   $?erbred)er,  ^er  Pe^fid)  ^um  Jobe 

gefiifyrt  totrb. 
3eber  fpajiert  nnn  I)tnau3,  ju  fdjauen  ber  guten  ^er= 

trtebnen 
7s(Sfenb,  unb    niemanb    bebenft,  baf,    i^n  ba^    dfjnlidje 


5tnd),  Dtedetdjt  ^unadift,  betreffen  fann,  ober  bod)  fiinftig. 
^eiljIid)  finb'  id)  ben  Veidjtfinn;  bod)  Itegt  er  int 


Unb  e§  fagte  barauf  ber  eb(e,  oerftcinbige  ^farrfjerr, 
r,  bie  3^eroe  oer   Stabt,  ein   3un9^n9  natjer  bem 


so  liefer  fannte    bo§    £eben    unb    fannte    ber 


com  ^otjen  SJerte  ber  l)eUtgen  3d)riften  burd)= 

brungen, 
£)te  un^    ber    9)?en(d)en  ©efdjid  entfyiiUen  unb  ib,re 

©efinnung  ; 

Unb  fo  fannf  er  and)  aiol)I  bie  beften  tne(tlid)en  ©djriften. 
liefer  fprad)  :  ,,^d)  table  nid)t  gern,  mo^  immer  bem 


unb  2lnteil.  15 


fttir  unfd)ablid)e  Xriebe  bie  gute  SWutter  9totur  gab  ;       85 
T>enn  luaS  SSerftonb  unb  93ernunft  nidjt  itnmer  tier* 

mogen,  tiermag  oft 
©old)  em  glitd  (idjer  >*pang,  ber  uniuiberftetjUrf)  uns*  teitet. 

bie  9teugter  nid)t  ben  90?enfd^en   mit  ^efttgen 


<Sagt,  erfitt)r'  er  toofyl  je,  tt)ie  frfjbti  fid)  bie  toeltttdjen 

!Dinge 
©egeneinanber  oertjatten  ?    IDcnn.erft  oertangt  er 


bamt  mit  unermitbetem  glct§c  ; 
(SnMid)  begeljrt  er  ba^  ©ute,  ba3  i^n  erl)ebet  unb  toert 

madjt. 
3n  ber  ^ugenb  ift  ifmt  ein  frot)er  ®efaf>rte  ber  $tifyt< 

finn, 
3)er  bie  ©efatjr  ifym  oerbirgt  unb  !)eilfam  gefd)tDinbe 

bie  Spuren 
Jitget  be^  fd)mer^id)en  Ubete,  fobalb  e^  nur  irgenb  uor*  95 

bei^og. 
ift  er  511  preifen,  ber  9J?ann,  bem  in  reiferen 


©id)  ber  gefejjte  SBcrftonb  au^  fo(d)em  $vof)finn  ent* 

tnidelt, 

im  ©Hid  tt>te  im  llnglucf  fid)  eifrig  unb  tdtig  be- 
ftrebet  ; 
ba«  (§ute  bringt  er  fjer&or  unb  erfe^et  ben  ©djaben." 


16  I. 


ioo     ftreunblid)  begann  fogleid)  bie  ungebitttrige  £wu*frau  : 
,,@aget  un*,  wa$  3^r  Qefefjn  ;  benn  baa  begefjrt'  id)  }it 
nnffen." 


,,2d)U)er(id),"  oerfefcte  barauf  ber  2lpotb,efer  mit  9 

brurf, 
f,SSerb'  id)  fo  balb  mid)  freun  nad)  bent,  ma^  id)  a(Ie3 

erfa^ren. 

Unb  iuer  eqafylet  e^  ioot)(,  ba§  mannigfoltigfte  (Sfenb  ! 
105  Sd)on  oon  feme  fafyn  tnir  ben  Staub,  nod)  eb/  wir  bie 
Siefen 

famen  ;   ber 


Unab|*eb,(td)  ba^in,  man  fonnte  wenig  erfennen. 

5l(«<  tm'r  nun  aber  ben  2£eg,  ber  qiier  burd)$  Xa(  ge^t, 

erreid)ten, 
9Bar  ©ebra'ng'  iinb  (^etitmmet  nod)  gro^  ber  Sanbrer 

•unb  3Bagen. 

noSeiber  fafyen  irir  nod)  genug  ber  Slrmen  Dorbei^ie^n, 
^lonnten  etn^etn  erfa^ren,  line  bitter    bie  idjmerjlidje 

gtud)t  fei, 

Unb  nrie  frot)  ba«  Cfcftiljf  be^  eitig  geretteten 
Xrourig  war  e^  ju  fe^n,  bie  mannigfaltige 
3)ie  ein  |)au3  nur  berbirgt,  ba^  tDofjttoerfe^ne,  unb  bie 

etn 
us  ®uter  5Birt  umfjer  an  bie  red)ten  Stellen  gefefet  ^at, 


5d?ic!fal  unb  Slntetl.  IT 

bereit  jum  ©ebraudje,  benn  atteS  ift  ttbtig  unb 


Nun  ju  fefyen  bas  atte$,  cmf  mandjerlei   SKagen  unb 

barren 

£)urd)einanber  gelaben,  mit  llbereUung  geflitd)tet. 
liber  bem   (Sc^ranfe  tieget  ba^  ©teb  unb  bie  it)ot(ene 


bem  33a(ftrog  bo^  93ett,  unb  ba§  ^einturfi  iiber  bem  120 

Spiegel. 
!  unb  e§  nimmt  bie  ©efa^r,  nrie  im'r  beim  53ranbe  oor 


gefet)n,  bem  9ftenfdjen  atte  ^efinnung, 
er  ba^  llnbebeutenbe  fa^t  unb  ba£  Xeure  jurittftaBt. 
Sllfo  fit^rten  aud)  l)ier  mit  uubefonnener  Sorgfalt 
@rf)(ed)te  "Dinge  fie  fort,  bie  Od)fen   unb  ^ferbe  be-  125 

fd)rt>erenb  : 

2l(te  53retter  unb  ftaffer,  ben  @(infeftal(  unb  ben  taftg. 
Stud)  fo  !eud)ten  bie  2Beiber  unb  Hinber,  mit  53iinbelu 

fid)  fdjfeppenb, 

Unter  Sorben  unb  33utten  tiod  Sad)en  feine^  @ebraud)eci  ; 
®enn  e«  derlciBt  ber  !3ftenfrf)  fo  ungern  ba^  (e^te  ber 


Unb  fo  i,og  auf  bem  ftaubtgen  SSeg  ber  brangenbe  ^ug  130 
fort, 

unb  tierroirrt.    9J?tt  fdjmodjeren  Jteren  ber 
eine 


18  I.   Calliope. 

3Bunfd)te  (angfam  ju  fafyren,  ein  anbrer  emfig  $u  eiten. 
£)a  entftanb  ein  ©efdjrei  ber  gequetfd)ten  SBeiber  unb 


Unb    ein  2Mofen  be3  33iefje3,  bajnnfdjen  ber  .fSiinbe 

©ebelfer, 
135  Unb  ein  2Bef)Icmt  ber  2l(ten  unb  &ranfen,  bie  t)orf)  aiif 

bent  frfjtwren 

ilbergepacften  Sagen  auf  33etten  fapen  unb  f^wanften. 
2lber,  cms  bem  @Ieife  gebrangt,  nad)  bem  9Janbe  be«> 


3rrtc  bo^  fnarrenbe  9?ab  ;  c*  fttirjt'  in  ben  C^raben  bag 

gu^nnerf 
Umge)(j^(ogen,  unb  nieitl)in  entftitr^ten  tm  Scfynmnge  bie 

aJZenf.c^en 
it  entfe^Iidjem  Serein  in  ba^  gelb  f)in,  aber  bocf) 


Spoter  ftitqten  bie  ^aftenunb  fieten  ndb,er  bem  2$aa,en. 
Sab,rlirf),  tuer  im  fiaikn  fie  fof),  ber  ermartete  nun  fie 
Unter  ber  Saft  ber  tiften  unb  ©c^ranfe  ^erfcfjmettert  511 

fdjauen. 
Unb    fo   (ag   ^erbrodjen  ber  .SBagen,   unb   t)i(floe    bie 


145  T>enn  bie  iibrigen  gingen  unb  ^ogen  eitig  ooritber, 
5lur  fid)  fetber  bebenfenb  unb  fjtngeriffen  com  Strome. 
Unb  wir  eitten  b,in^u  unb  fanben  bie  .^ranfen  unb  5((ten, 
im  Sett  fdjon  faum  ib,r  bauernbeo  ?eiben 


Sdncffal  unb  Slnteil.  19 


Iritgen,  fjier  auf  bem  33oben,  befdja'bigt,  ad)$en  unb 

jammern 

bev  ©onne  oerbrannt  unb  erfticft  fcom  mogenben  15° 
©taube." 


Unb  e$  fagte  barauf,  geritfjrt,  ber  menfdjUc^e 

iDtrt  : 
,,sJ)Jdge  bod)  §ermann  fie  treffen  unb  fie  erquicfen  unb 

fteiben. 
Ungern  mitrb'  id)  fie  fet)n  ;  mic^  fdjmerjt  ber  Slnbtitf  be^ 


8d)on  Don  bem  erften  ^Beric^t  fo  grower  Setben  gerittjret, 
©c^idten  loir  eitenb  ein  ©c^erflein  Don  unferm  ilberftu^,  Jss 

ba§  nur 
(Sinige   untrben    geftcirft,  unb  fd)ienen  un$  fetber  be- 

rul)igt. 

5(ber  (af?t  un§  nidjt  me^r  bie  traurigen  93Uber  erneuern; 
^enn  e$  befdjleidjet  bie  guri^t  gar  ba(b  bie  £>er$en  ber 

SSWenf^en, 
Unb  bie  ©orge,  bie  me^r  a(^  felbft  tnir  bag  iibet  oer* 

^a§t  ift. 
Xretet  tjerein   in   ben    fyinteren    9?aum,   bag    !i't^(ere  160 


ie  fi^eint  Sonne  bafyin,  nie  bringet  tcarmere  8uft  bort 
bie  ftarferen  9Wauern;  unb  9ftittterd)en  bringt 
ein  ©la'Srfjen 


20  I.   KaUiope. 


()er,  batnit  tt)ir  bie  ©riden  Dertreiben. 
£)ier  ift  ntdjt  freunb(icf)  311  trinfen  ;  bie  ^Hegen  utnfitm* 

men  bie  ©tafer." 
165  Unb  fie  gingen  bat)in  unb  freuten  fid)  atte  ber  &iif)(ung. 

©orgfom  brod)te  bie  Gutter  be^  ftaren  t)err(icf)en 
Seined, 

$n  gefd^tiffener  %[a)d)t  auf  bfanfem  ^innernem  ^Runbe, 
iOJtt  ben  grimlidjen  jRbmern,  ben  ed)ten  ^3ed)ern  be£ 


Unb  fo  fi^enb  untgaben  bie  brei  ben  gtcin^enb  gebofynten, 
i7o  9?unben,  braunen  Xtf^,  er  ftonb  ouf  madjttgen  3""Ben- 
^peiter    ffangen  fogtet^   bie   ©lafer   be3  SSirte^  nnb 


nnbetueglid)  f)ie(t  ber  britte  benfenb  bae  feme, 
Unb   e«    forbert'   i^n  auf   ber  32?irt  mit  freunbtic^en 
SBorten  : 


,rgrtfrf),  £>err  9?ac^bar,  getmnfen  !  benn  nod)  beroafjrte 

Dor  Ungtitcf 
i7S®ott  un^  gniibig  unb  mirb  aud)  fiinftig  un£  alfo  be= 

ma^ren. 
£enn  wer  erfennet  e^  ni(^t,  baft  fett  bem  fd)recf(id)en 

^Bronbe, 

Da  er  fo  fyart  un^  geftraft,  er  une  nun  beftanbig  erfreut 
tjat 


Sdjicffal  unb  Slntctl.  21 


llnb  beftanbig  befd)it£t,  fo  tt>ie  ber  9ftenfd)  ftdj  be$  Stugetf 
£oftlid)en  2(pfet  bemafyrt,  ber  uor  alien  ©Uebern  il)tn 

fieb  tft. 

t'  ev  fernerl)tn  nid)t  un^  fd)it^en  unb  ^Ufe  beretten?  180 
man  fiefyt  e^  erft  red)t,  nrie  titet  er  t>ermag,  in 
©efafyren  ; 
Sottt'  er  bie  btitfyenbe  Stabt,  bie  er  erft  burd)  flet^tge 

Sitrger 

au§  ber  2l|d)e  gebaut  unb  bann  fie  retdjtid)  gefegnet, 
ipteber  jerftbren  unb  ade  ^3emitl)ung  oerntdjten  ?" 


£>eiter  fagte  barauf  ber  trefflidie  ^farrer  unb  ntilbe:  185 
,,§altet  am  ©tauben  feft  unb  feft  an  biefer  ©efinnung  ; 
3)enn  fie  madjt  im  ©titde  oerftanbig  unb   ftdjer,  im 

Ungtitcf 
9feid)t  fie  ben  fdjbnften  Xroft  unb  belebt  bie  fjerrlidjfte 

§offnung." 

Qa  Derfe^te  ber  SBtrt  mit  mannttd)en,  flugen  ®e* 

banfen  : 
ffiESte  begritBt'  id)  fo  oft  mit  Staunen  ,bie  5futen  be^  190 


SBenn  id),  reifenb  nad)  meinem  ©efdja'ft,  if)m  tttieber 
mid)  na^te  ! 

fd)ien  er  mir  gro§  unb  er^ob  mir  ©inn  unb 
©emitte  ; 


I. 


Slber  id)  fonnte  nidjt  benfen,  bap  balb  fettt  lieblicfyes 

lifer 

Sottte  toerben  eitt  SSafl,  utn  abjmuefyren  ben  $ranfen, 
195  Unb  fein  DerbreiteteS  33ett  ein  alfoerfjinbernber  ®raben. 
Sefyt,  fo  fdjii^t  bie  9?atur,  fo    [rfjii^en  bie  ttxicferen 


llnb  fo  fdjufct  un^  ber  §err  ;  mer  woHte  tb'ric^t  oer^ 
DJJitbe  fdjon   finb  bie  ©tretter,  iinb  aUe3  beutet  auf 


bod)  aud),  irenn  ba^  Jyeft,  ba£  tang'  eriDiinfdjte, 

gefetert 
trb  in  unferer  ^ircfje,  bie  ©tocfe  bann  tdnt  jit  ber 

Crgel, 
llnb  bie  Xrompete  fc^mettert,  ba^  fyofye  Je  Deum  be* 

gteitenb,  - 
SLRdge  mein  §ermann  boc^  aud)  an  biefem  Xage,  §err 

$farter, 
Wit  ber  ^Brant  cntfc^Ioffen  t»or  Gitrf)  am  3Utare  fic^ 

fteflen, 

Unb  ba^  gtitcfU^e  ^eft,  in  alien  ben  £anben  begangen, 
mir  funftig  erf^einen  ber  fya'itSlicfjen  greiiben  ein 


Slber  ungern  fe^'  ic^  ben  ^tingling,  ber  immer  fo  tcitig 
9ftir  in  bem  ^>aufe  fid)  regt,  narf)  ait^en  langfam  unb 

fcpd)tern. 
SSenig  finbet  er  8itft  fid)  unter  ^euten  511  jeigen; 


unb  2XnteiI.  23 


3a,  er  Dertneibet  fogar  ber  jungen  SCftabdjen  ©efellfcfjaft 
Unb  ben  frb()(idjen  £an},  ben  ade  ^ugenb  begefjret."       210 


2Ufo  fprac^  er  unb  ^orcf)te.     sJ)Zan  fjorte  ber  ftamp- 

fenben  ^ferbe 

^erne^  ©etofe  fid)  nafjn,  man  ^brtc  ben  rollenben  Sagen, 
1)er  ntit  genjalttger  (Site  nun  bonnert'  unter  ben  Xortueg. 


Ccrpfkfyorc. 


Hermann. 

9U3  nun  ber  n>ol)(gebttbete  Sofyn  intf 

trat,    . 
Sdjaute  ber  ^rebiger  ifym  mit  fdjarfen  33Uden  ent= 

gegen, 

Unb  betrac^tete  feine  ©eftoft  unb  fein  gon^e^  Sene^men 
3Ktt  bent  Sluge  be^  gorfdjer^,  ber   letrfjt  bie  9)lienen 

entrotfelt ; 

s?ad)elte  bann  unb  fprarf)  ju  tf)m  mit  traultdien  Morten: 
,,^ommt  3I)r  bocf)  al«  ein  ocranbcrtcr  'Jftenfd)!     3d) 

^abe  nod)  niental^ 

(Surf)  fo  munter  gefe^n  unb  (Jure  -SBHde  fo  (ebt)aft. 
grb^Itd)  fommt  3^r  unb  Better;  man  fiefjt,  3^)r  f)a^et 

bie  ©aben 
tlnter  bie  5trmen  t>ertei(t  unb  ifyren  2egen  empfangen." 

24 


f)ermann. 

enniberte    brauf    ber  <8olm  mit    ernftlidjen  10 

Morten : 
,,Cb  id)  Ibblid)  gef)anbe(t,  id)  roeifi  ed  nid)t ;  aber  mein 

^eq  fyat 

iWtd)  gefyei^en  $u  tun,  fo  une  id)  genau  nun  eqafyfe. 
Gutter,  Sty  framtet  fo  (ange,  bie  alien  StitcEe  ju  fudjen 
Unb  ^u  tna-()Ien ;  nur  fpa't  mar  erft  bad  23itnbe(  ^ufam- 

men, 
5(uc^  ber  Sein  unb  bad  53ier  toarb  tangfam,  forglic^  15 

gepacfet. 
Slid  id)  nun  enblid)  uord  Xor  unb  auf  bie  Strafe  I)inaud= 

fam, 
2trb'mte  pri'tcf  bie  Sftenge  ber  53urger  mit  3i^eibern  unb 


9)?tr  entgegen;  benn  fern  ir»ar  fd)on  ber 

trtebnen. 
(£d)ne((er  tjiett  id)  mid)  bran  unb  fuljr  be()enbe  bem  I^orf 

jtt* 

3Bo  fie,  im'e  ic^  gefybrr,  l)eut'  nbernacb/ten  unb  raften.        20 
2U0  ic^  nun  meined  SBeged  bie  neue  Strafe  ^inanfutjr, 
ftiet  mir  ein  3Sagen  ind  Sluge,  oon  titdjttgen  53aumen 

gefiiget, 
33on  siDei  Cd)fen  ge^ogen,  ben  grb^ten  unb  ftarfften  bed 

Studlanbd, 

v)te bender  aber  ging  mit  ftarfen  ^djritten  ein  3)Mbd)en. 
^enfte  mit  tangent  2tabe  bie  beiben  gewaltigen  Xiere,     25 


26  II.   tEerpftd)ore. 

Xrieb'fie  on  nnb  fyielt  fie  juritcf,  fie  teitete  flitcjttdj. 
21(3  mid)  bad  SOftibdien  erblicfte,  fo  trat  fie  ben  ^ferben 

getaffen 
97al)er  nnb  fagte  $n  mir  :  ,Witf)t  tmmer  mar  e$  mit  und 

fo 
^ammertioll,  a(^  ^^  un^  ^)eut'  auf  biefen  SBegen  er* 

blicfet. 
3o  ^od)  nidjt  bin  id)  getoofynt,  corn  ^remben  bie  ©aben  ju 


!Die  er  oft  ungern  gibt,  itm  log  jit  merben  ben  5(rmen  ; 
5lber  mii^  branget  bie  'ftot  511  reben.    $ier  auf  bem 

Strode 

Siegt  bie  motf  unb  franf(id)e  ^rau  be^  reii^en 
ie  id)  mit  @tieren  unb  2Bagen  nod)  faunt,  bie 

gerettet. 
at  nnr  fommen  tt>ir  nad),  nnb  faum  bad  £eben  ertjielt 

fie. 

(iegt,  neugeboren,  bad  ^inb  i^r  natfenb  im  Slrme, 
Unb  mit  iDenigem  nnr  ttermb'gen  bie  Unfern  ^u  fyetfen, 
SSenn  twir  tm  nat^ften  £)orf,  tuo  luir  ^ente  ju  raften  ge= 

benfen, 

5lud)  fie  finben,  nriefoofyl  ic^  fitrc^te,  fie  finb  fd)on  doritber. 
4o  2Bar'  (gild)  irgenb  non.  Vetnmanb  nur  tttaS  (gntbeljrfidje^, 

menn  ^}f)r 

^)ier  and  ber  ^ad)barfd)aft  feib,  fo  fpenbef*  gittig  ben 
Strmen/ 


Hebenfyer  aber  gtng  mtt  ftarfen  Sctyrttten  etn  IHdbc^en. 

—  II,  24. 


27 


,,§Ufo  fprad)  fie,  wtb  matt  erl)ob  fid)  bom  Strode  bie 

b(etd)e 

&ranfe  itnb  fdjaitte  nad)  mir  ;  id)  aber  fagte  bagegen  : 
,©uten  9ftenfd)en,  fitrroafyr,  fpridjt  oft  ein  fyimmlifdjer 

®cift  311, 
fie  fitbjen  bte  *)?ot,  bie  bem  armen  53ruber  beoor-  45 

fteb.t; 

fo  gab  mir  bie  Gutter  im  33orgefu^(e  Don  (Surem 
jammer  ein  ^3Unbe(,  fogleii^  eg  ber  nacften  9^otburft 

511  reid)en/ 
linb  id)  (bfte  bie  £noten  ber  @dmur  itnb  gab  ib,r  ben 


Unfer^  Waters  bab.in  unb  gab  ib,r  §emben  unb  Seintud). 
llnb  fie  banfte  mit  ^reiiben  unb  rief  :  ,2)er  ®(itrflid)e  50 

gtaubt  nii^t, 
nodj  SBunber  gefd)e()n;  benn  nnr  im  (5(enb  erfennt 

man 

anb  unb  finger,  ber  gnte  9ftenfd)en  gum  ®uten 
^eitet.  2Ba§  er  burcf)  (5u^  an  un^  tut,  tu'  er  @ud)  fetber.' 
llnb  id)  fa!)  bie  litcinffidje  frot)  bie  tierfc^iebene  Seinwanb, 
Stber  befonberS  ben  meid)en  ^(aneU  beS  ®d)(afrod3  ss 

befii()Ien. 
,(5ilen  ratr/  fagte  gu  ib,r  bie  ^u^flf1'^,  ,bem  X)orf  gu, 

in  me(c^em 
llnfre  ©emeine  fdjon  raftet  unb  biefe  'ftadjt  burc^  fid) 

aufb,a(t; 


28  II.   £erpfid?ore. 


£)ort  beforg'  id)  fogteid)  baS  tinbeqeug,  atteS  unb  jebe*.' 
Unb   fie  grit£te  mirf)  nod)  unb  fprad)  ben  l)er,(id)ften 

£)anl  aug, 
6o£rieb  bte  £?d)fen;  ba  ging  ber  2£agen.    $d)  aber  &er- 

toeilte, 

bte  ^ferbe  noc^  an;  benn  3nn'efpnft  tt)ar  mir  im 


Cb  id)  mit  eitenben  9?offen  ba3  5)orf  erreid)te,  bte 

©peifen 

Unter  ba3  itbrtge  33olf  p  fpenben,  ober  fogteid)  l)iev 
2l(Ie^  bent  9ftabd)en  gabe,  bamit  fie  e3  wei^tid)  oerteilte. 
6sllnb  id)  entfdjieb  mid)  g(etd)  in  nteinem  ©erjen  unb  futjr 


nod),  unb  erreic^te  fie  balb  unb  fagte  befjenbe: 
90^ab(^en,  mir  f)at  bie  Gutter  nii^t  Veinroanb 

atteine 

5tuf  ben  SSagen  gegeben,  bamit  id)  ben  yjfacften  befletbe, 
©onbern    fie    fitgte    ba^u   nod)    2peif  unb    mand)e^ 

©etranfe, 

7o  Unb  e3  ift  mir  genug  baoon  tm  £aften  be^  SBagen^. 
9hm  bin  id)  aber  geneigt,  aud)  biefe  ®aben  in  beine 
£>anb  ju  (egen,  unb  fo  erfiilF  id)  am  beften  ben  5{uftrag; 
J)u    oertettft    fie    mit  ©inn,  id)  miif,te   bem   ^ufati 

gefyordjen.' 

»erfe|te  ba«  ajJabc^en:  ,9ftit  ader  Xreue  oertvenb' 


29 


(Sure  (9aben;  ber  Diirfttgfte  fott  fid)  berfelben  erfreuen/75 
9llfo  fprad)  fie.    $d)  offnete    fdjnett  bte  Soften  beg 


23rad)te  bte  Sdjinfen  Ijeroor,  bie  fdjtoeren,  bracfyte  bie 
rote, 
Seined  itnb  ^Bier^  unb  reidjt'  Ujr  al(e^  unb 


©erne  fycitt'  id)  nod)  me()r  t^r  gegeben,  bod)  (eer  tnor  ber 

ftaften. 
3t(Ie^  pacfte  fie  brauf  311  ber  $rtinflid)en  ^ufeen  unb  so 

jog  fo 
SBeiter;  id)  eitte  ^uriicf  mit  meinen  ^Pferben  ber  Stabt 


nun  §ermann  geenbet,  ba  nat)m  ber  gefprad)ige 


©teid)  ba§  3Sort  unb  rief:   ,,O  gtitcflic^,  luer  in  ben 

Xagen 
Dtefer   JIud)t  unb   2?ertDtrrung   in  feinem  §au§  nur 

cittern  febr, 

nidjt    gi'ou    unb   ttnber  sur  Seite   bange  fid)  ss 

fdjmiegen! 
Utcfli^  fitb,r  id)  mid)  je£t;  id)  mbdjt'  urn  oieteS  ntd)t 

^eute 

^ei^en  unb  nid)t  fur  grau  unb  f  inber  beforgt 

fein. 


30  II.   £erpftd>ore. 

Cfter*  bad)f  id)  mir  aud)  fdjon  Me  ^ludjt,  unb  Ijabe  bie 

be  [ten 

Sadjen  jufammengepacft,  bae  alte  ©elb  unb  bte  £etten 
90  Reiner  feligen  SDhitter,  inotton  nod)  nid)t^  nerfauft  ift. 
gretlid)  bliebe  nod)  t)te(e^  ^ithicf,  bae  fo  Ieid)t  ntd)t 

gefdjafft  lt)irb. 
Setbft  bte   f  ranter  unb   S&nqeln,  mtt  t>te(em  ftletjse 

gefammett, 
90^1^1'  id)  nngern,  tnenn  and)  ber  2Bert  ber  &are  nidjt 

groB  ift. 
^3(etbt  ber  ^romfor  ^uritcf,  fo  gel)'  id)  getrbftet  non 


95  £wb'  id)  bte  ^3arfd)aft  gerettet  nnb  tneinen  ^b'rper,  fo 
t)ab?  id) 

gerettet  ;    ber    ehijeftte    9)?ann    entflietjet    am 
teid)tften." 


,"  oerfe^te  barauf  ber  junge  Hermann  mit 


benf  id)  nrie 
3  ft  wo^t  ber  em  wurbtger  x,D?ann,  ber  im  ©liirf  nnb  im 

Unglitcf 

ioo  gid)  nur  alletn  bebenft  unb  2eiben  unb  g^euben  ^u  tetlen 
9?id)t  oerftetjet  unb  nid)t  ba^u  Don  £>erjen  beroegt  mirb? 
^ieber  mb'd)f  id)  al*  je  mid)  fyeute   jur  ^eirat   ent= 
fd)tieBen; 


31 


Denn  mancf)  gute£  Sftabcfyen    bebarf    be$   fcfyit^enben 


Unb  ber  SWann   bee  erfyeiternben  SetbS,  luenn  ifym 
Unglitcf  beDorfteljt." 

Sacfyemb  fagte  barauf  ber  3?ater:  ,,So  l)5r'  ic^  bi^  105 

gerne  ! 

©old)  em  Dernitnftige^  Sort  fyaft  bit  mtr  felten  ge= 
fprodjen." 

Stber  e^  fiel  [og(etrf)  bte  giite  Gutter  be^enb  etn: 
,  fitrttiafjr!  bit  ^aft  rec^t;  rotr  (Sttern  gaben  bag 


tDtr  f)aben  itn^  nii^t  on  frofyltcfyen  Xagen  erwatjtet, 
Unb  un£  fnitpfte  otetmetjr  bie  traurtgfte  Stnnbe  ju=  no 

fammen. 
iDZontag  morgen£  —  icf)  wn%  e$  genau;  benn  tage^  tior- 

^er  mar 
$ener  (djrecfUclje   ^Branb,  ber    unfer    etabtc^en    oer* 


tg  3at)re  finb'd  nun;   e^  war  em  ©onntag  tt)te 


Jpeifc  unb  troden  bte  £tit,  itnb  menig  Staffer  im  Crtc. 
51  Ue  Ceute  maren,  .fpa^terenb  in  feftlicfjen  ^teibern, 
5luf  ben  3)Srfern  tterteitt  unb  in  ben  Scfyenfen  nnb 


32  II.   £erpftd?ore. 

Unb  ant  Crnbe  ber  Stabt  begann  bad  geuer.    £er  33ranb 

lief 
(Silig  bte  Straften  fyinburcf),  eqeugenb  fid)  fefber  ben 

3ugnrinb. 
Unb  ed  brannten  bie   Sdjeunen  ber  reicfjgefantnteften 

Crrnte, 
120  Unb  ed  brannten  bte  Strain  bid  ^u  bent  9D?arft,  ttnb 

bad  ^)and  tnar 
SOJetned  33aterd  l)ierneben  tier5ef)rt,  unb  btefed  jugletrf) 

ntit. 

SSenig  flitdjteten  it)ir.    3d)  faR  bte  traurtge  ^ad)t  burd) 
33or  ber  Stabt  auf  bent  Singer,  bie  $aften  unb  23etten 

beroa^renb; 

jnte^t  befiet  mid)  ber  Scfjlaf,  unb  aid  nun  bed 


td)  bie  $itf)lung  ermecfte,  bie  »or  ber  Sonne 

fatlt, 
®a^  id)  ben  9?aud)  unb  bie  ®Iut  unb  bie  f)o()(en  sDhuern 

unb  (iff  en. 
£)a  war  beftentntt  ntein  |)er$;  aUetn  bie  ©onne  gtng 

nrieber 

^errlic^er  auf  aid  fe  unb  flb^te  ntir  9J?ut  in  bie  Seete. 
®a  erl)ob  id^  nttd)  eitenb.    (Sd  trieb  mid),  bie  ®tatte  jju 

feh,en, 
130  2Bo  bie   Sotjnung  geftanben,  unb  ob  fid)  bie  ©itfjner 

gerettet, 


33 


te  id)  befonbertf  getiebt;    benn    fmbifd)    roar    mem 

(^ernitt  nod). 
21(3  id)  nun  itber  bie  Xritmmer  be#  £>aufe$  unb  £>ofe3 

bafyerftieg, 
1)ie  nod)  raudjten,  unb  fo  bie  35>o()nung  untft  unb  jer- 

ftdrt  fat), 
&amft  bu  jur  anbern  ©eite  fjerauf  unb  burd)fud)te(t  bie 

©tatte. 
ir  tuar  etn  ^ferb  in  bent  ©tatte  oer(d)iittet;  bie  gtint'iss 

menben  53atfen 

baritber  unb  ©djutt,  unb  nid)t^  p  fef)n  roar  ttont 

Xiere. 

9U|o  ftanben  nnr  gegeneinanber,  bebenllid)  unb  traurig; 
;Tenn  bie  5Banb  mar  gef  alien,  bie  unfere  ^ibfe  gefdjieben. 
llnb  bu  fa^teft  barauf  mid)  bei  ber  $anb  an  unb  (agteft: 
,Vie*d)en,  rote  fommft  bu  ^ie()er?    (9ef)'  roeg!  bu  oer-^o 

brenneft  bie  Sot)(en; 
5)enn  ber  ©d)utt  ift  t)ei^,  er  fengt  mir  bie   ftarferen 

©tiefeln.' 
Unb  bu  f)obeft  mid)  auf  unb  trugft  mid)  l)eritber  burd) 

beinen 
§of  roeg.    £)a  ftanb  nod)  ba^   £or  be^  ^>aufe§  mit 

[einem  (9eroolbe, 

SSJte  e^  je^t  ftefjt;  e£  roar  aUein  Don  attem  geblieben. 
Unb  bu  fe^teft  mid)  nieber  unb  fii^teft  mid),  unb  id)  145 

uerroefyrt'  e^. 


34  II.   £erpfid?ore. 


9lber    bu    fagteft    baraitf  mit    freunbltrf)    bebeutenben 

Sorten: 
,@ief)e,  ba3  £wu$  liegt  nieber.     33(eib'  fjier  unb  f)Uf 

mir  e3  bauen, 

Unb  id)  b,e(fe  bagegen  aud)  betnem  i^ater  an  feinem.' 
T)od)  id)   ocrftanb  bid)  nidjt,  bid  bu  jum  $ater  bie 

Gutter 
150  Sd^tcfteft  unb  [d)nd(  ba<5  Welitbb'  ber  frb{)tt(^en  (ifje 

dotlbradjt  mar. 

erinnr'  id)  mid)  fyeute  be§  {jalboerbrannten  @e* 


ig   unb   felje   bie   Sonne  uod)  tmmer  fo  i)err(id) 

tjeroufgeb/n; 

!Denn  mir  gab  ber  Jag  ben  (9emal)t,  e^  b,aben  bie  erften 
3eiten  ber  initben  3^i'[torung  ben  Sol)n  mir  ber 

gegeben. 
i55  ^arum  lob'  id)  bid),  Hermann,  bap  bu  mit  reinem  i 

trauen 

2lud)  ein  93%b(^en  bir  benfft  in  biefen  traurigen 
Unb    e3   magteft    ju   frein  im   $rieg   unb  iiber   ben 

Xritmmern." 

£)a  nerfe^te  fogleid)  ber  3?ater  febfyaft  unb  fagte: 
,,T.ie    ©efinnung    tft    (bb(id),  unb  iDa^r  ift  aud)   bie 


160  3)?iitterd)en,  bie  bu  eqtifjlft;  benn  fo  ift  afleS  begegnet. 


35 


Slber  beffer  tft  beffer.    yiifyt  einen  jeben  berrifft  eg 
5ln$ufangen  t>on  corn  fein  gan$eg  £eben  itnb  SBefen; 
yiidjt  foil  jeber  fid)  quaten,  nrie  tinr  unb  anbere  taten. 
O,  rote  glitcflid)  tft  ber,  bem  $ater  unb  Gutter  ba« 

vf)ausJ  fdjon 
33}ol)IbefteI(t  itbergeben,  unb  ber  mtt  ®ebetl)en  e^  au<s=  165 

jiert  ! 
5lIIer  3lnfang  ift  fc^mer,  am  fdjtnerften  ber  Infang  ber 

ffiirtfdjftft. 
SOJond^erlei  !Dtnge  bebarf  ber  3)?enfd),  unb  atle^  rotr 

taglid) 
Jeurer;    ba   fel)'  er    fid)  nor,  be3    ©elbe^    me^r    ju 

erroerben. 
Unb  fo  ^off  id)  oon  bir,  ntein  Hermann,  batf  bu  ntir 

ncid)ften<5 
^n  ba^  |)au3  bte  48raut  mtt  fdjb'ner  9J?itgift  I)eretn=  170 

fittjrft; 
£)enn  ein  iwaderer  Mann  oerbient  ein  beguterteS  StRab- 

djen, 
Unb  eg  be^aget  fo  tuol)t,  roenn  mit  bem  geroimfdjeten 

Seibc^en, 
2lud)  in  ®b'rben  unb  Haften  bie  nit^ttdje  ©abe  I)erein= 

fommt. 

^ic^t  umfonft  bereitet  burd)  mandje  Qafyt  bie  Gutter 
33iele  ^einmanb  ber  Xodjter,  uon  feinem  unb  ftarfent  175 

©emebe; 


36  II.   Cerpftcfyore. 


sJHd)t  umfonft  derefyren  bie  ^aten  ifyr  Silbergerate, 
Unb  ber  $ater  fonbert  im  v|?u(te  ba3  feltene  GMbftucf ; 
£)enn  fie  foil  bereinft  mit  ifyren  ©ittern  unb  ®aben 
$enen  Bungling  erfreun,  ber  fie  dor  alien  ertoafylt  fyat. 
180^0,  ic^  tuei§,  ir»ie  bel)agticf)  ein  Seibrfjen  im  Jrwufe  fief) 

finbet, 

X)a^  i^r  eigne^  ®erat  in  ^litd)'  unb  ^itutnern  erfennet, 
Unb  ba«  ^Bette  fid)  fcfbft  unb  ben  Xifcf)  fid)  felber  gebecft 

t)at. 
v)Zur  rool)(  au^ge  ftottet  mbd)t'  id)  im  $aufe  bie  53raut 

fe{)n; 
X)enn  bie  5lrme  im'rb  bod)  nur  jiilefct  dom  SJZanne  der- 

ad^tet, 
185  Unb  er  Ijatt  fie  als  sDkgb,  bie  aU  ^JJagb  mit  bem  53itnbe( 

I)ereinfam. 
Ungerei^t  bteiben  bie  Banner,  bie  gnten  ber  £iebe  der* 

geljen. 
3a,  mein  ^ermann,  bu  witrbeft  mein  filter  I)bd)(id)  er- 

freuen, 
$Senn  bit  mir  balb  in«  ^au^  ein  <2d)nnegertbc!)terd)en 

bradjteft 
ber  9?ad)barfd)aft  f)er,  au^  jenem  §oufe,  bem  gritnen. 

ift  ber  9ftcmn  fiini)at)r;  fein  |)anbe(  unb  feine 

^abrifen 
sJJ?ad)en  i^n  tcigti^  reidjer;  benn  IDO  getmnnt  nidjt  ber 

touf  mann  ? 


37 


•ftur  brei  £b'd)ter  finb  ba;  fie  teilen  alfein  ba£ 

gen. 
2d)on  tft  bie   a'ltfte  beftimmt,  id)  roeift  e3;   aber   bie 

3  me  ire, 
te  bie  brttte  finb  nod),  unb  metfeidjt  nid)t  lange,  511 

I)aben. 
flr'  id)  an  beiner  Stott,  id)  fjatte  bi^  je^t  nid)t  gejan^ 

bert, 
(5tn^  ntir  ber  9)?a'bd)en  cjet)o(t,  fo  mie  id)  batf  9J?iitterd)en 

forttritg." 

T)a  tierfe^te   ber   Sofyn   befd)eiben   bent   brtngenben 

8atet: 
,,Sirftid),  mein  Stile  mar  and),  un'e  (inrer,  eine  ber 

£od)ter 
Unfet'S  y)iad)bar^  p  Juaf)(en.    Sir  finb  jufammen  erjo^ 

gen, 
Spielten  neben  bem  53runnen  am  ^JJarft  in  friifjeren 

^eiten, 

Unb  id)  t)abe  fie  oft  oor  ber  tnaben  Sitbl)eit  befdjit^et. 
^)od)  ba£  tft  tange  fdjon  l)er;  e3  bteiben  bie  madjfenben 

2JHbd)en 

(Snbtirf)  bittig  ^it  ^pau^  unb  fltelin  bte  witberen  Spiete. 
gen  finb  fie  geunft!    ^d)  ging  and)  $n$eiten 

u^  alter  33efanntfd)aft,  f  o  tnie  ^I)r  e^  tt>itnfd)tet, 

Ijinitber; 


38  II.   Cerpficfyore. 


2lber  id)  !onnte  mid)  nie  in  ifyrem  Umgang  erfreuen. 
•Denn  fie  tabetten  ftets  an  mir,  ba$  mufcf  id)  ertragem 
©ar  ju  tang  tuar  mein  9?orf,  }u  grob  ba3  £ud),  unb  bie 


©ar  $u  gemein,  unb  bie  ,£ware  nid)t  red)t  geftu^t  nnb 

gefraufett. 

2io(Snbtid)  ^att'  id)  im  einne,  mid)  and)  ju  pu^en,  nrie  jene 
,f)anbel^bitbd)enr  bie  ftetd  am  ©onntag  britben  fid)  jei- 

gen, 
Unb  itm  bie,  Ijalbfetben,  im  Sommer  ba«  §appd)en  f)erum^ 

pngt. 
Slber  nod)  fritt)  genug  merft'  id),  fie  fatten  mid)  immer 

jum  beften; 
Unb  ba§  mar  mir  empfinblid),  mein  ®tol,$  iwar  beletbigt; 

bod)  metjr  nod) 
2is^ranfte  midj'S  tief,  baj?  fo  fie  ben  guten  SBiKen  oer= 

fannten, 
£)en  id)  gegen  fie  l)egte,  befonberS  SOIindjen,  bie  Jitngfte. 

fo  tnar  id)  jule^t  an  Oftern  ^ini'tbergegangen, 

ben  neuen  9?od,  ber  je^t  nnr  oben  im  ©djranf 

f)angt, 

3lngejogen  unb  mar  frifiert  tt)ie  bie  itbrigen  33urfd)e. 
220  51U  id)  eintrat,  lid)erte«.fie;  bod)  $og  id)'<^  auf  mid)  ntd)t. 
9Wind)en  faft  am  f  (airier;  e«  roar  ber  53ater  jugegen, 
^)b'rte  bie  Xbd)terd)en  fingen  unb  toar  entjitrft  unb  in 

8aune. 


ITtindpen  faft  am  Klamcr ;  cs  roar  bcr  Pater  3ugegen. 

—  11,221. 


Hermann.  39 


oerftanb  id)  nidjt,  U)a3  in  ben  £iebern  gefagt 

roar; 

Slber  id)  fjb'rte  oiel  Don  famine,  t>ie(  uon  Jamino, 
Unb  id)  mottte  bod)  aud)  nidjt  ftummfein!    Sobatb  fie  225 

geenbet, 
t'  id)  bem  Xe^te  nad),  unb  nad)  ben  beiben  ^er- 

[onen. 

[djtmegen  bavauf  nnb  (ad)e(ten;  aber  ber  SBater 
Sagte:  ,^td)t  wa()r,  mein  $rewtb,  &  fennt  nur  Slbam 

unb  Crna?' 
s^iemanb  ^tett  fid)  atsbann,  unb  (aut  auf  tad)ten  bie 

SOHbdjen, 
^aut  auf  Iad)ten  bie  $naben,  e^  l)ie(t  ben  SBaud)  fid)  ber  230 

Kit. 
fatten  Hep  id)  ben   §ut    t»or  58er(egenb,eit,  unb   ba« 


I^auerte  fort  unb  fort,  fo  diet  fie  and)  fangen  unb 

fpielten. 
Unb  id)  eilte   befdjamt  unb    uerbrie^tid)   mieber  nad) 


,f>angte  ben  9?ocf  in  ben  Sdjranf  unb  ^og  bie  .'paare 

fyerunter 
9J?it  ben  ^ingern  unb  frfjrour,  nid)t  meb,r  ju  betreten  bie  235 


Unb  id)  t)atte  mot)l  red)t;  benn  eite(  finb  fie  unb  liebloe, 
Unb  id)  f)6re,  nod)  ijeip'  id)  bei  it)nen  immer  Xamino." 


40  II. 


£)a  derfe^te  Me  Gutter:  ,,Du  fottteft,  Hermann,  fo 

lange 
20?it  ben  Hinbern  nidjt  jitrnen;  benn  Htnber  finb  fie  ja 

famtlid). 

24o2ftind)en  fitnnafyr  tft  gut  unb  mar  bir  immer  gemogen; 
lic^  fragte  fie  nod)  nacf)  bir.    Die  fotlteft  bit  roaf)(en  !" 


Derfe^te  bebenftirf)  ber  Soljn:  ,,$d)  ineiR  nid)t,  eg 
fragte 

53erbru^  fid)  fo  ttef  bei  mtr  ein,  id)  mb'djte  fi'tr* 
mo^r  nid)t 

ie  am  ^laoiere  me^r  fefyn  unb  ifjre  I7iebd)en  oernet)* 
men." 


245     X)od)   ber  3?ater  fut)r  auf  unb  fprad)  bte  jornigen 

Sorte: 
,,SSenig   Jvreub'  erteb'  id)  an  bir!     3d)  fa9t'  e$  bod) 

immer, 

9t(^  bu  }it  ^?ferben  nur  unb  ?uft  nur  bejetgteft  pm  Slder: 
ein  $ned)t  fd)on   tierrid)tet   bee   luofjtbegiiterten 


Xuft  bu;  inbeffen  muB  ber  33ater  bes*  Sofjne^  entbet)ren, 
250  J)er  i^m  jur  (Sfjre  bod)  aud)  wor  anbern  ^Biirgern  fid) 

jeigte. 
Unb  fo  taufdjte  mid)  fritf)  mit  (eerer  ^offnung  bie  3 

ter, 


41 


SBenn  in  ber  @dntte  ba£  tfefen  unb  ©djreiben  unb  £ernen 

Mr  mentals 

ben  anbern  gelang  unb  bu  immer  ber  Unterfte 
fttfeft. 
ilirf)!   ba§  fommt  bafyer,  menu  (Sfyrgefitfyl  nicfyt  im 

33ufen 
(SineS  3»n9t^fle^  febt,  un^  lt)ettn  er  tt^)t  ()6^er  t)tnauf  255 


ntein  33ater  geforgt  fitr  mid)r  fo  nrie  icf)  fitr  bt 

tat, 

ld)  jur  @rf)u(e  gefenbet  unb  ntir  bie  8e^rer  ge^alten, 
,  id)  ware  ttaS  anber^  al3  Sirt  jum  golbenen  Sd 


?Iber  ber  ©of)n  ftanb  auf  unb  nafyte  fid)  fd)»Deigenb  ber 

STitre, 

8ang[am  unb  otjne  ©erciufdj;  aflein  ber  3Sater,  entri'tftet,  260 
it)tn  nac^:  ,,&o  get)e  nur  t)tn!  ic^  fenne  ben  £rofc= 

fopf! 
)'  unb  fitt)re  fortan  bie   SBirtf^aft,  ba§  i(^  ntdjt 

fc^elte; 

5lber  benfe  nur  nid)t,  bu  tuolleft  ein  baurifd^eg  afta'bdjen 
3e  mir  bringen  in«  $au«  at«  @d)tt)iegertod)ter,  bie 

STruIIe! 

?ange  t)ab'  ic^  getebt  unb  aieift  ntit  aJJenfdjen  ^u  tjanbetn,  265 
i§  ju  bewirten  bie  §erren  unb  grauen,  ba§  fie  su* 
frieben 


42  II.   CcrpftAorc. 


33on  tnir  toeggefjn;  id)  nieift  ben  ftremben  gefcidig  $u 

fd)meid)e(n. 
Slber  fo  foil  inir  benn  aud)  ein  3d)Unec3ertod)terd)en  enb= 

ltd) 

SSteberbegegnen  unb  fo  mtr  bie  diete  SD?itI)e  uerfitfjen; 
27oSpteten  foil  fie  mir  aud)  ba£  ^(ooier;   e§  foden  bie 

fd)6nften, 

53eften  Seiite  ber  etabt  fid)  mil  SSergnitgen  uerfammetn, 
2Bie  e^  ©onntog*  gefd)ief)t  tm  §aufe  be^  9iodjbard." 

S5a  briicfte 
£etfe  ber  ©o^n  auf  bie  ®Unfe,  unb  fo  oerliep  er  bie 

2tube. 


$>te  Siirger. 

2Ufo  entnrid)  ber  befdjeibene  Sof)n  ber  fyeftigen  9?ebe; 
3tber  ber  33ater  fuf)r  in  ber  3lrt  fort,  ttrie  er  begonnen: 
im  sD^enfd)en  ntd)t  ift,  fommt  aud)  nicfjt  cms  i 
unb  fcf)tDer(td) 

mid)  be£  t)er^Iid)ften  SSunfdje^  (SrfitUung  j 
erfreuen, 
ber  2o()n  bem  23ater  nidjt  gleid)  fei,  fonbern  ein  5 


ira£  tuare  ba^  ^>au^,  luavS  roare  bie  ©tabt,  tuenn 

nidjt  immer 

3eber  gebadjte  mit  ?uft  511  ertjaften  itnb  511  erneuen 
Unb  ju  oerbeffern  aud),  tt)ie  bie  3^it  un«  (e^rt  unb  baf 


bod)  nidjt  al«  ein  ^ifj  ber  2ftenfd)  bem  ^3oben  ent* 

43 


44  III. 


loltnb  tierfaulen  gefdjnn'nb  an  bem  ^la^e,  ber  ifjn  erjeugt 

fiat, 

$eine  Spur  nad)(affenb  Don  feiner  (ebenbigen  3Btrlung  ! 
©iefyt  man  am  §aufe  bod)  gleirf)  (o  beut(id),  me£  Sinned 

ber  |)err  fet, 
2Bie  man,  baS  Stabtd)en    betretenb,  bie  Obrtcjfeiten 

beurteitt. 
X)enn  tto  bie  Xitrme  oerfatlen  unb  9J?auern,  ino  in  ben 

®ra'ben 

isllnrat  fid)  fya'ufet,  unb  llnrat  auf  aUen  ®affen  tjerumtiegt, 
3Bo  ber  Stein  au§  ber  gitge  fid)  ritdt  nnb  nidjt  im'eber 

gefe^t  toirb, 
2Bo  ber  ^Salfen  derfault,  unb  ba3  §auS  oergebftd)  bie 

neue 
Unterfttifeung  erluartet  :  ber  Ort  ift  itbct  regieret. 

mo  ntdjt  tmmer  Don  oben  bie  Crbnung  unb 

Iid)feit  im'rfet, 

et    fid)  leid)t  ber  33iirger  ju 

Saumfat, 

ie  ber  Settler  fid)  aud)  an  lumm'ge  Uteiber  geiubt)net. 
®arum  l)ab'  id)  genntnfd)t,  e^  fo((e  fid)  ^ennann  auf 

^eifen 
^Batb  begeben  unb  feljn  gum  njenigften  Strapurg  unb 

granffurt 
Unb  ba«  freunblidje  9ftannfjeim,  ba^  gleid)  unb  ()eiter 

gebaut  ift. 


Die  Burger.  45 

£)enn  n>er  bie  ©tftbte  gefelm,  bie  grofcen  mtb  reinlicfyen,  25 

rut)t  nicfyt, 
$itnfttg  bie  $aterftabt  felbft,  fo  ftein  fie  aud)  fei,  $u 

fcerjieren. 

8obt  nidjt  ber  ftrembe  bei  untf  bie  ait^gebefferten 
Unb  ben  geuiei^ten  Xurmitnb  bie  rcofylenteuerte 
9Utt)mt  nid)t    jeber  ba#    ^flofter?    bie   i 

Derbedten, 
$8ot)loerteUten    donate,    bie    iJiu^en   iinb    ©idjerfyeit  30 

bringen, 
bem  ^euer  fogteic^  beitn  erften  Slit^bnirf)  gettefyrt 


3ft  ba^  nicf)t  afte£  gefrf)el)n   feit    jenem 

SBrcmbe  V 

r  mar  ic^  fed)3mal  int  9fat  unb  t)abe  mir 
mir  ^eqltdjen  £)ant  Don  guten  ^Bitrgern  oerbienet, 
tt^  angab,  emfig  betrieben,  unb  fo  aud)  bie  Slnftalt  35 
9?ebtid)er  banner  ooHfu^rt,  bie  fie  undoftenbet  oerlie^en- 
@o  lam  enbtirf)  bie  Sitft  in  jebeS  9ftitglieb  be^  9?ate^. 
2ll(e  beftreben  fid)  je^t,  unb  fc^on  ift  ber  neue  Sfjauffeebau 
^eft    befd)(offen,    ber   un3    mtt    ber    gro^en    <Straj?e 

oerbinbet. 
2lber  id)  fitrd)te  nur  feljr,  fo  luirb  bie  3u9etli)  ni^t4° 

Ijanbetn  ! 
!Denn  bie  einen,  fie  benren  auf  1'lift  unb  oergangtidjen 


46  III. 


5lnbere  fyorfen  $u  ,f)au3  unb  briiten  tjinrer  bem  Dfen. 
Unb  ba£  fitrdjf  id),  em  fotdjer  nnrb  ,f)ermann  immer 
mir  bleiben." 

Unb  etf  uerfetjte  fog(eid)  bie  gute,  tierftanbige  Gutter: 
45  ^^ntmer  bift  bii  bod),  $ater,  fo  ungererfjt  gegen  ben 

©o^n  !  unb 
©o   rotrb   am  luentgften  btr  bein  Sunfd)  bes*  @uten 

erfittlet. 
^enn  nrir  !6nnen  bie  ^inber  nad)  unferem  Sinne  nidjt 

formen; 
@o  nrie  ©ott  fie  un*  gab,  fo  miift  man  fie  (jaben  unb 

lieben, 

<2te  erjiel)en  auf^  befte  nnb  feglidjen  laffen  gett)dt)ren. 
so£)enn  ber  eine  Ijat  bie,  bie  anberen  anbere  C^aben  ; 
$eber  braudjt  fie,  unb  jeber  ift  bod)  nur  auf  eigene  SBJetje 
®ut  unb  gHtdtid).    3d)   laffe  mir  meinen  v^ermann 

nid)t  fd)e(ten  ; 

'Denn,  id)  meip  e£,  er  ift  ber  fitter,  bie  er  beretnft  erbt, 
2Bert  unb  ein  trefftidjer  2Birt,  ein  SDhiftcr  Sitrgern  unb 


ssllnb  tm  9^ate  getri^,  id)  fet)'  e3  oorau^,  nid)t  ber  letjte. 
Slber  tcig(id)  mit  <gd)elten  unb  Xabetn  tjemmft  bu  bem 

Airmen 
Sltfen  9^ut  in  ber  Sruft,  fo  mie  bu  e^  ijeute  getan 

fiaft." 


Die  Burger.  47 

Unb  fie  ttertief}  bie  Stube  fog(eid)  unb  eilte  bem  ^ofyn 

nad), 

£)aJ3  fie  H)tt  irgenbmo  fcinb'  unb  ifyn  mit  gittigen  SBorten 
SBteber  erfreute;   benn  er,  ber  trefffidje  Sotm,  er  tier-  60 

bienf  e$. 

tfadjelnb  fagte  barauf,  fobatb   fie  Ijimweg   mar,  ber 

S3oter: 

bod)  ein  wunbertidi  3?olf,  bie  Seiber  fo  mie  bie 

.^inber  ! 

tebet  fo  gertt  nad)  feinem  eignen  33elieben, 
Unb  man  fottte  t)ernad)  nur  immer  loben  unb  ftreidjetn. 
Ginmat  fitr  alfemal  gi(t  ba^  lnal)re  Spritd)(ein  ber  2tlten:  65 
SSer  nid)t  nonua'rtS  getjt,  ber  fomntt  juriide  !    So  bleibt 


Unb  e£  tierfe^te  barauf  ber  5lpot^efer  beba'djtig: 
,,©erne  geb'  id)  e^  511,  §err  s)?ad)bar,  unb  fe^e  mid)  immer 
Setbft  nad)  bem  33efferen  urn,  aiofern  e^  nid)t  teuer  bod) 

neu  ift; 
Slber  l)Uft  e§  fitrmatir,  luenn  man  nid)t  bie  ^iilte  be^  7° 

@etb3  t)at, 
Xiitig  unb  ritl)rig   }u  fein  unb  innen  unb  auften  gu 

beffern  ? 
311  fefjr  ift  ber  ^iirger  befd)ranft;  ba^  ®ute  dermag 

er 


48  III. 


311  ertongen,  roenn  er  e*  fennt.    $u  fdjroad)  tft 
fetn  23eute(, 

33ebiirfni$  ju  grop  ;  fo  nrirb  er  tntmer  gefyinbert. 
75  IRandjeS  fyarf  id)  getan  ;  allein  wer  fdjeut  nti^t  Me  Soften 
2old)er  iBeranbrung,  befonber^  in  biefen  gefa()r(id)en 


Sange  lad)te  mtr  fi^on  metn  .'paue  tm  mobtfdjen  5tleibcf)en, 
?ange  gtanjten  burc^ait^  mtt  gropen  2c^etben  bte  ^en= 

fter; 
Slber  tner  tut  bem  .^aufmann  e^  nad),  ber  bet  feinem 


bte  28ege  noc^  fennt,  aitf  roeldjen  ba^  ^3efte 


(£el)t  nur  ba^  §au^  an  ba  britben,  ba^  neue  !     2£ie 
pracf)tig  in  gritnen 

bte  Stuffatur  ber  luet^en  (gdjnbrfet  fid)  au$= 
nintmt  ! 

finb  bie  £afetn  ber  ^enfter  ;    lute  g(an$en  itnb 
fpiegeln  bte  Sdjetben, 

derbunfelt  fte^n  bie  itbrigen  §aiifer  bee  9)Zarftee  ! 
boc^  inaren  bie  itnfern  gletd)  nac^  bem  ^Branbe  bte 

fd)onften, 

T)ie  Slpottjefe  ^itm  (Sngel,  fo  n?ie  ber  gofbene  £o»t>e. 
So  tear  mein  (Garten  aud)  in  ber  gan^en  ®egenb  be- 

rii^mt,  unb 
3eber  9?etfenbe  ftanb  unb  fa^  burc^  bie  roten  Stafeten 


Die  Burger.  49 

ben  SBettlern  Don  ©tern  unb  nocf)  ben  farbigen 


id)  ben  $affee  bann  gar  in  bem  fyerrtidjen  ©rotten-  90 
tnerf  reidjte, 

nun    freilidj  oerftaubt   nnb    fyatb  fcerfallen  mir 
bafteljt, 

£>er  erfreute  fid)  Ijodj  bee  farbtg  fc^immernben  Strf)te^ 
^ongeorbneter  3)?itf(^e(n  ;  unb  mtt  gebtenbetem  5luge 
©djaute    ber   tenner    fctbft   ben   ^Bleiglanj   unb    bte 


(Sbenfo  marb  in  bem  ©aale  bte  sJOMerei  aurf)  beniunbert,  95 
2Bo  bie  gepu^ten  §erren  unb  ®amen  int  ©arten  [pajieren 
ilnb  mtt  fpil^tgen  gingern  bte  33(umen  reidjen  unb  fyalten. 
3a,  ftier  fa'^e  ba3  je^t  nur  noc^  an  !  $d)  gelje  derbrieplii^ 
meljr  ^tnau^  ;  benn  afle^  (oft  anberS  fetn  unb 


ie  fie  '«  t)ei§en,  unb  wetjj  bie  fatten  unb  ^otjernen  100 
S3an!e. 

ift  etnfac^  unb  gtatt  ;  nit^t  ©djni^raerf  ober  33er- 
golbung 
i((  man  meljr,  unb  evj  foftet  ba^  frembe  §olj  nun  am 

metften. 

9hm,  ic^   mar  e^  sufrteben,  mir  aud)  ma«  sJ?eue^  ju 
fdjaffen  ; 
ju  geb,n  mit  ber  3e^  un^  °ft  5U  oeranbern  ben 


50  III. 


e$  fitrcfytet   fief)  jeber,  and)  nur  $u  ritcfen  ba3 
tfeinfte. 
3>enn  wer  Dermbdjte  JDoI)t    fel^t  bte    2lrbett£feiite  ,511 


fam  mir  'g  in  @tnn,  ben  (5nge(  9)Zid)ae(  mieber, 
mir  bte  Cfftjtn  bejei^net,  t»ergo(ben  ^n  la  [fen 
Unb  ben  grentt(f)en  ^rac^en,  ber  ifym  jit  ^ii^en  fid) 

iuinbet  ; 

noSlber  ic^  lie  ft  ifyn  tterbraunt,  tt)ie  er  tft;  mid)  fdjrecfte  bie 
gorbrung." 


(Euterpe. 


Gutter  unb  Soljit. 

fpradjen  bie  banner  fid)  unterfjaltenb. 

SDhttter 

(Ming  inbeffen,  ben  Sofyn  erft  t>or  bem  .'paufe  511  fudjen, 
2luf  ber  fteinernen  SBanf,  tt)o  fein  cjeino^nttdjer  @i^  luar. 
2lt^  fie  bofelbft  i()n  md)t  fanb,  fo  gtng  fie,  tnt  ©talk  ju 

fd)auen, 

Db  er  bte  I)errlid)en  ^ferbe,  bie  £>ettgfte,  fetber  beforgte,  5 
!l)te  er  a(§  ^o^ten  gefauft  unb  bie  er  niemcmb  tiertraute. 
Unb  e$  fagte  ber  ^nedjt :    „  (5r    ift  in  ben  ©arten 

gegangen." 

T^a  burdjfdjritt  fie  bel)enbe  bte  langen  boppetten  §ofe, 
£ie £  bie  Stade  juritcf  unb  bie  tt>of)(ge$immerten  ®d)eunenr 
Xrat  in  ben  (Marten,  ber  toeit  bi^  an  bie  SOJauern  be^  10 

©ta'btdjenS 

51 


52  IV.   (Euterpe. 

9?eid)te,  fcfjrttt  ifjn  fjinburd)  unb  freute   fief)  jeglicfjee 


Steflte  bie  Stit^en  jurecfjt,  auf  benen  befaben  bie  Stfte 
9?uf)ten  bed  9(pfe(baumd,  ttrie  bed  23irnbaumd  taftenbe 

^roeige, 
i)?af)m  cjfetd)  eintge  OJaupen  com  frdftig  ftrofcenben  ^o()( 

meg; 

Xsenn  em  gefcfjaftigev?  Seib  tut  feine  2rf)rttte  t>ergeben$. 
2t(fo  war  fie  an^  (Sttbe  be^  fangen  (Martens  gefommen, 
33i3  jitr  ^aube  mtt  ©etpfott  bebecft;  nicf)t  fanb  fie  ben 

Sof)tt  ba, 

(5benfoit)enig  aid  fie  bid  jetjt  iljn  im  (Garten  erblidte. 
2Iber  nur  angete^nt  mar  bad  ^fbrtdjen,  bad  aud  ber 


befonberer  ©unft,  burcf)  bie  Waiter  bed  Stabtd)end 

gebrodjen 

£)atte  ber  3tl)tif)err  einft,  ber  nriirbtge  ^Burgemeifter. 
Unb  fo  ging  fie  bequem  ben  trocfnen  ©raben  fjiniiber, 
5Bo  an  ber  Strafe  fog(eid)  ber  ipotjlum^aunete  21>einberg 
Stnfftteg  fteiteren  ^fabd,  bie  glacfje  jur  Sonne  gefe()ret. 
252lucf|  ben  fcf)ritt  fie  fyinauf  unb  freute  ber  $iitte  ber 

Xrauben 
2id)  im  Steigen,  bie  !aum  fief)  unter  ben  53fattern  oer= 

bargen. 

ecfjattig  tear  unb  bebecft  ber  fjofje  ntittfere  Vaubgang, 
!t)en  man  auf  Stufen  erftieg  don  unbeb,auenen  ^fatten. 


ZHutter  unb  Sofyn.  53 

Unb  ed  fyingen  t)erein  ©utebel  unb  9ftuefateUer, 
^btlid)  btaue  baneben  Don  gan$  befonberer  ®ro§e,  30 

Side  mit  gleijse  gepftattjt,  ber  ©ftfte  9?ad)tifd)  511  jieren. 
9lber  ben  itbrigen  4Berg  bebedten  emjetne  Stbcfe, 
ftfemere  Xrauben  tragenb,  Don  benen  ber  fbftlirije  55?ein  • 

fommt. 

2(Ifo  frfjritt  fie  ()inaitfr  fid)  fdjon  be3  ©erbfteg  erfreuenb 
Unb  be^  feftltdjen  Xag^,  an  bem  bie  ©egenb  im  ^ubet    35 
Xrouben  Itefet  unb  tritt  unb  ben  93?oft  in  bie  B'Sffer  tier* 

fammett, 

^euertnerfe  be^  Slbenb^  uon  alien  Crten  unb  (Snben 
l'eud)ten  unb  fnatten,  unb  fo  ber  (5rnten  frf)onfte  gee()rt 

ttwrb, 

unrut)iger  gtng  fie,  nad)bem  fie  bem  (2ol)ne  gerufen 
i=  aud)  breintaf,  unb  nur  bad  (Sd)o  nielfad)  ^uritcffam,  4o 
Don  ben  Xiirmen  ber  (Stabt,  ein  fefyr  gefdjtDa'^iged, 

^erltang. 

3U  fudjen  mar  it)r  f o  fremb ;  er  entfernte  fid)  niemald 
Sett,  er  fagt'  ed  i()r  benn,  um  ^u  t»er()itten  bie  (gorge 
Seiner  liebenben  Gutter  unb  ih,re  gurd)t  Dor  bem  UnfaU. 
Stber  fie  Ijoffte  nod)  ftetd,  ib,n  bod)  auf  bem  3Sege  31145 

ftnben ; 
X^enn  bie  Jitren,  bie  untre,  fo  n)ie  bie  obre,  bed 

bergd 
Stanben  gteid)faUd  offen.    Unb  fo  nun  trat  fie  ind 

ein, 


54  IV.    (Euterpe. 

£>ag  mit  toeiter  #lad)e  ben  ^Ritcfen  be*  .fntgetg  bebedte. 
3mmer  nod)  nmnbette  fie  auf  eigenem  33oben  unb  freute 
50  ©id)  ber  eigenen  Saat  unb  beg  fyerrtid)  nicfenben  $orneg, 
£>ag  mit  gotbener  £raft  fid)  im  gan^en  getbe  bemegte. 
3urifd)en  ben  ?tcfern  fdjritt  fie  fyinburd)  auf  bem  9?aine 
ben  ^u§pfab, 
ben  ^3irnbaum  im  5luge,  ben  gropen,  ber  auf  bem 


®tanb,  bie  ©ren^e  ber  ^-etber,  bie  i()rem  ,f>aufe  gel)orten. 
55  $5er  i^n  gepflan^t,  man  fonnt'  eg  nidjt  unffen.    (5r  war 

in  ber  ©egenb 
it  unb  breit  gefe{)n,  unb  beriti)mt  bie  ^ri'tdjte  beg 


Vtnter  il)m  pflegten  bie  Sdjnitter  beg  DJ?a()(g  fid)  (^u 

freuen  am  9ftittag, 
Unb  bie  ^irten  beg  SSiefyg  in  feinem  Sdjatten  }u  icar^ 

ten; 

^Sanfe  fanben  fie  ba  oon  rot)en  Steinen  unb  9?afen. 
60  Unb  fie  irrete  nidjt;  bort  foB  if)f  Hermann  unb  rul)te, 
@a^  mit  bem  5trme  geftit^t  unb  fdjien  in  bie  ®egenb  ju 

fdjanen 
3enfeitg  nad)  bem  ©ebirg,  er  fet»rte  ber  Gutter  ben 


Sad)te  fd)lid)  fie  l)inan  unb  rittjrt'  i()m  leife  bie  2d)u(ter. 
Unb  er  ttwnbte  fid)  fdjneU;  ba  faf)  fie  i()m  Xranen  im 
2hige. 


Sactyte  fcfyltcfy  fie  fyman  unb  riifyrt'  ifym  leife  bic  5ct?ultcr. 

—  IV,  63. 


mutter  unb  Sofyn.  55 


gutter,"  fagf  er  betroffen,  ,,$I)r  itberrafd)t  mid)!"65 

Unb  eilig 

Jrocfnef  er  ab  bie  Xrane,  ber  jingling  eblen  (9efitt)(eg. 
,,Sie?  bu  lueineft,  mein  So^nV"  oerfe^te  bie  Sautter 

betroffen: 
fenn'  id)  bid)  nid)t!    3*d)  §&bt  oag  ntematg 

erfafjren ! 

mag  beftemmt  bir  ba$  .'oerj  ?  u>a^  tretbt  bid), 

e infant  gu  fi^en 
Unter  bem  SBirnbamn  ^ier  ?  nja^  bringt  bir  Xra'nen  in«  70 

Stuge  ? " 

Unb  e^  naljm  fid)  jufammen  ber  trefflidje  ^tingling 

unb  fagte: 

,,SaI)rlid),  bem  ift  fein  §erj  im  e^ernen  33ufen,  ber  je^o 
v)?id)t  bie  9f  ot  ber  S01enfd)en,  ber  umgetriebnen,  empftnbet; 
®em  ift  fein  <2inn  in  bem  fwupte,  ber  nid)t  um  fein 

etgene£  9SoI)I  fic^ 
Unb  um  be$  33aterlanb^  So^l  in  biefen  Xagen  be- 75 

fiimmert. 
Sag  id)  fjeute  gefefin  unb  gefyo'rt,  bag  ritljrte  bag  §erj 

mir; 

Unb  nun  ging  id)  fyeraug  unb  fa{)  bie  ^errtic^e,  meite 
^anbfdjaft,  bie  fid)  t»or  ung  in  frud)tbaren  .f)itgetn  umfier* 

fdjKngt ; 
bie  gotbene  ^rucf)t  ben  ©arben  entgegen  fid)  neigen, 


56  IV.   (Euterpe. 

so  Unb  ein  retdjlidjes  Cbft  un$  ootte  $ammern  oerfpredjen. 
Slber,  ad)  !  ttrie  naf)  tft  ber  #  einb  !  Tie  #  (uten  bes  9?f)eine3 
Sdjufcen  un$  $war  ;  bod)  ad)  !  nia$  finb  nun  gluten  unb 


fc^redltc^en  3?olt'e,  ba3  wie  ein  ©ewitter  bafjer- 


fie  rufen  $ufatnmen  au^  alien  (Snben  bie 
85  3Sie  ba^  Sitter  unb  bringen  geroattig  oor,  unb  bie  SOlenge 
Sdjeut  ben  Job  md)t;  e$  bringt  gteid;  nad)  ber  vD?enge 

bie  3)?enge. 

2l(^  !  unb  ein  £eutfdjer  tnagt  in  feinem  ,f)aufe  ^u  bteiben  ? 
§offt  t)telleic^t  ^u  entge^en  bent  alteS  bebrot)enben  UnfaU? 
Sttutter,  ic^  fag'  (5uc^,  am  {)eutigen  Xage 


9°  £)af$  man  mii^  neultd)  ent[d)u(bigt,  ate  man  bie  Streiten* 

ben  au$fa$ 
5tu^  ben  ^Biirgern.     Ji^^^^r  !  ic^  bin  ber  ein^ige  2olm 

nur, 

Unb  bie  SBirtfcfjaft  ift  gro^,  unb  im'^tig  unfer  ©eroerbe; 
Stber  War'  id)  nic^t  beffer,  $n  ti>iberftet)en  ba  »orne 
5(n  ber  ©ren^e,  ate  fjier  }u  ermarten  (Slenb  unb  ^ned)t= 

fdiaft? 

95  3?a,  mir  ^at  e$  ber  ©etft  gefagt,  unb  im  innerften  53ufen 
9?egt  fid)  30htt  unb  ^egier,  bem  33aterlanbe  $u  leben 
Unb  gu  fterben,  unb  anbern  ein  iDiirbige^  ^Beifpiet  3u 

geben. 


HTutter  unb  Sofyn.  57 


2£af)did),  ware  bie   $raft  ber  beutfdjen 

fammen 

2ln  ber  @renje,»erbtinbet,  nid)t  nad),ugeben  ben  ftremben, 
O,  fie  foltten  un$  nidjt  ben  fyerrltdjen  23oben  betreten, 
Unb  nor  unferen  3lugen  bie  gritdjte  be^  ^anbe§  ner^etjren, 
ben  SJJannern  gebieten  itnb  rauben  Seiber  unb 


t,  SDhttter,  mir  ift  im  ttefften  ^erjen  befdjloffen, 

311  tnn  unb  gletdj,  tt)a^  red)t  mir  beudjt  unb  toer* 

ftanbig; 

iner  lange  bebenft,  ber  rocit)(t  nid)t  imnter  ba^  befte.  105 
Setjet,  id)  inerbe  nidjt  luieber  nad)  §aufe  fetjren  !     3?on 

tjier  au« 

©e^'  id)  gerab'  in  bie  ©tabt  unb  itbergebe  ben  Uriegern 
X)iefen  3trm  unb  bieS  ,f>er^  bem  33aterlanbe  gu  bienen. 
Sage  ber  33ater  at^bann,  ob  nid)t  ber  (S{)re  ©efitb,!  mir 
5tuc()  ben  Sufen  betebt,unb  ob  id)  nid)t  ^bfjer  I)inauf 


oerfe^te  bebeutenb  bie  gute,  oerftanbige  Gutter, 
Xrcinen  oergiepenb,  fie  famen  itjr  teid)t(id)  ins 


,,2ol)n,  n?a«  ()at  fid)  in  Mr  oeranbert  unb  beinem  ©emitte, 
1)a§  bu  su  beiner  Sautter  nid)t  rebeft,  tt)ie  geftern  unb 

immer, 
Cffen  unb  frei,  unb  fagft  wod  beinen  SMinfdjen  gema§  us 

ift? 


58  IV.   (Euterpe. 

Dbrte  je£t  em  fritter  bid)  reben,  er  nn'trbe  fitrmafyr  bid) 
^Bdjlid)   toben  itnb  beinen  (5nt[d)(uf$  at*  ben  ebelften 

preifen, 

£)urd)  bein  2Sort  ner[itb,rt  unb  beine  bebeutenben  3?eben. 

£od)  id)  table  bid)  nur;  betm  [ieb/,  id)  fenne  bid)  beffer. 

120  £)u  Derbirgft  bein  £)er$  nnb  fjaft  gan^  anbre  ©ebanfen. 

id)  lueip  e^,  bid)  raft  nid)t  bie  Xrommef,  nid)t  bie 

Xrompete, 

begeb,rft  bu  }it  fdjeinen  in  ber  SDJontur  nor  ben 


e3  ift  beine  ^Beftimmung,  fo  loader  unb  brat)  bu 

aud)  fonft  bift, 

ju  oern)at)ren  ba$  §au^  nnb  [title  ba^  getb  i,n 

beforgen. 

[age  mir  [rei:  was  bringt  bid)  }n  biefer  Qnt- 
[djtie^ung  ?  " 


[agte  ber  Sob.n  :  „$§*  irret,  Gutter.    (Sin 
ft 
bem  anberen  gteid).    ^er  3itng(ing  reifet  ^ 


^3e[[er  int  [titten  reift  er  ^ur  Xat  oft,  al$  tm  ©eraufdje 
SKUben  [djmanfenben  8eben$,  ba^  mand)en  Bungling 

tierberbt  f)at. 

130  Unb  [o  [till  id)  aud)  bin  unb  mar,  fo  b,at  in  ber  33ru[t  mir 
[id)  gebitbet  ein  £>eq,ba$  Unred)t  Ijaffet  unb  Unbill, 


ITtutter  unb  Sofyn.  59 

Unb  id)  oerftefye  red)t  gut,  bie  toeltlidjen  £inge  $u  fonbern; 
2lud)  I)at  bie  Slrbett  ben  Slrm  unb  bte  giifte  mddjtig  ge- 

ftarfet. 

Sltted,  fiil)!'  id),  ift  irmfyr;  id)  barf  ed  fitljnlid)  betjaupten. 
Unb  bod)  tabelt  3f)r  mid)  mit  9?ed)t,  o  Gutter,  unb  fyabt  135 

tnid) 

3luf  [)atbmal)ren  Sorten  ertappt  unb  fjalber  2?erfteftung. 
,  neftel)'  id)  e\5  nur,  ntdjt  ruft  bte  naf)e  ©efafyr  mid) 
bem  ."paufe  bed  $ater$,  unb  uid)t  ber  fyofye  ©ebanfe, 
2)Zeinem  33aterlanb  I)ilfreid)  ju  fein  unb  fd)recf(id)  ben 


3Borte  waren  e^  nur,  bie  id)  fprad)  ;  fie  fottten  Dor  (Sud)  140 

nur 

Sfteine  ©efit{)(e  derftecfen,  bie  mir  bad  .'per^  jerrei^en. 
Unb  fo  tajH  mid),  o  Gutter  !    Denn  ba  id)  oergebtid)e 

3Bitnfd)e 
§ege  im   Sufen,  fo  mag  aud)  mein  ^eben  Dergebtid) 


id)  itieij?  ed  red)t  mol)(:  ber  (Sinjelne  fdjabet  fid) 
felber, 

fid)  I)ingibt,  wenn  fid)  nid)t  atte  jum  ©au^en  be-  145 
ftreben." 

nur  fort,"   fo  fagte  barauf   bie   oerftanbige 
Gutter, 
mir  ^u  eqa'ljlen,  bad  ©rb^te  mie  bad  ©ertngfte  ; 


60  IV.    (Euterpe. 

£enn  bie  Scantier  finb  fyef  tig  itnb  benfen  nur  immer 


Unb  bie  v'pinbernid  treibt  bie  ^eftigen  Ieid)t  oon  bem 

SSege; 
i5o2lber  etn  $£eib  ift  gefdjidt,  ouf  'Dttttel  }u  benfen,  unb 

nmnbeft 

5lud)  ben  Umroeg,  gefdjidt  ^n  ifjrem  £wed  ^u  gelangen. 
@age  mir  a((e^  ba()er,  tttarum  bit  fo  {)eftig  bemegt  bift, 
Ste  idj  bid)  niemal*  gefefjn,  unb  bad  53tut  bir  matlt  in 

ben  Stbern, 
Siber  SSiflen  bie  Xrane  bem  Sluge  fid)  bringt  .511  ent= 

ftiir^en." 


155     ^a  liberties  fid)  bem  Sdjmer^e  ber  gute  $  tingling 

tweinte, 
SSeinte  taut  an  ber  ®ruft  ber  Gutter  nnb  fprad)  fo  er* 

tt>eid)et  : 
,,Sat)rtid)  !  bed  33ater3  9Bort  ()at  t)eute  mid)  franfenb  ge= 

troffen, 
3)ad  id)  mentals  nerbient,  nid)t  fjeut'  unb  feinen  ber 

Xage. 
1)enn  bie  (Strern  ^u  eb,ren  roar  frii^  mein  £tebfte$,  unb 

niemanb 
160  Sdjien  mir  flitger  ^u  fein  unb  roeifer,  aid  bie  mid)  er= 

^eugten, 
Unb  mit  Grnft  mir  in  bunfeler  3eit  ber  &inbb,eit  geboten. 


ITTutter  un6  Sofyn.  61 

3?tele$  fyab'  id)  fitnuafyr  non  meinen  ©efpteten  gebutbet, 
SBenn  fie  mit  £itcf  e  mir  oft  ben  guten  SSMtten  tiergatten  ; 
DftmafS  fyab'  id)  an  ilmen  nid)t  SBurf  nod)  <gtreid)e 

gerodjen. 

r  fpotteten  fie  mir  ben  ^ater  au£,  menn  er  (gonntag^  165 
ber  ,^ird)e  fam  mit  antrbig  bebad)tigem  @d)ritte  ; 
fie  Uber  ba§  ^Banb  ber  3ftii£e,  bie  ^Blumen  be^ 


£)en  er  fo  ftattltd)  triig  unb  ber  erft  ()eute  nerf  djentt  marb  : 
^iird)ter(id)  baltte  fid)  gleid)  bie  ^auft  mir  ;  mit  grim- 

migem  SBitten 

giet  id)  fie  an  unb  fd)(ug  unb  traf  mit  btinbem  33eginnen,  I?0 
Db,ne  ju  fel)en  n)ot)in.    Ste  f)eu(ten  mit  btutigen  sJJafen 
Unb  entriffen  fid)  laum  ben  nn'ttenben  Written   unb 


Unb  fo  nnid)3  id)  f)eran,  um  nief  oom  33ater  ju  butben, 
T)er  ftatt  anberer  mid)  gar  oft  mit  SBorten  ()erumnat)nt, 
SBenn  bei  9?at  i^m  3?erbru^  in  ber  (e^ten  Si^ung  erregt  1/5 

toarb  ; 

Unb  id)  bit^te  ben  ©treit  unb  bie  ffia'nfe  feiner 
OftmaB  l)abt  S'fyr  mid)  fetbft  bebauert  ;   benn 

ertrug  id), 

in  ©ebanfen  ber  Gttern  Don  §er^en  gu  eljrenbe 


£>ie  nur  finnen,  fitr  un«  ju  metjren  bie  ©ab'  unb  bie 
®uter, 


62  IV.   (futerpe. 


fief)  fefber  mandjeS  ent^iefm,  urn  ,511  fparen  ben 

$inbern. 

Slber,  ad)  !  nid)t  ba$  Sparen  attein,  urn  fpa't  $u  genieBen, 
90?ad)t  ba£  ©fiicf,  e*  mad)t  nirfjt  ba£  ©litcf  ber  §aufe 
betm  ^wufen, 
ber  5tcfer  am  2lcfer,  fo  fd)bn  fief)  bie  ©liter  aud) 


ber  33ater  luirb  aft,  unb  mit  if)tn  altern  bie  Sb()ne, 
i8sOf)ne  bie   ^reube  be<5   Xags  unb  mit  ber  Sorcje   fiir 

morgen. 
®agt  mir  unb  fd^auet  tjinab,  nrie  f)err(id)  (iegen  bie 

fd)bnen, 
9?eid)en  ©ebreite  nid)t  ba,  unb  unten   Steinberg  unb 

©arten, 
!Dort  bie  ©efjeunen  unb   'Stcifle,  bie  fcfybne   9?ei()e   ber 

©itter  ; 

Slber  fef)'  id)  bann  bort  ba£  ^pinterfjau^,  ino  an  bem  ©iebef 
190  ©id)  ba^  ^enfter  un^  $eigt  Don  meinem   Stitbdjen  tm 

£)ad)e  ; 
!t)enf  id)  bie  ^etten  jurucf,  tr>ie  mand)e  s)Jad)t  id)  ben 

9#onb  fdjon 

X)ort  erroartet  unb  fd)on  fo  mand)en  Sftorgen  bie  Sonne, 
3S3enn  ber  gefunbe  @d)(af  mir  nur  mentge   Stunben 

genitgte  : 
3fd)  !  ba  lommt  mir  f  o  einfam  for,  roie  bie  Hammer,  ber 

£>of  unb 


mutter  unb  Sofyn.  63 


©arten,  ba3   Ijerrlidje   gelb,  ba$  iiber  Me  §iigel   fid)  195 
fyinftrecft  ; 
liegt  fo  bbe  Dor  tnir  :  id)  entbefyre  ber  ©attin." 


antinortete  brauf  bie  gute  Gutter  oerftanbig  : 

,  me^r  tuimfdjeft  bit  nid)t,  bie  SBraut  nai^ 

5U  fiifiren, 
ber  S?ater  ed  inimfd)t  unb  bie  Gutter.    Sir  fyabeu 

bir  immer 

t,  ja  bid)  cjetriebeu,  ein  9)?ab(^en  ju  roafjlen.       200 
Stber  tnir  ift  e3  befannt,  unb  je^o  fagt  e£  ba«J  §erj 

mir  : 

bie  ©tunbe  nidjt  !ommtr  bie  redjte,  inenn  nidjt  ba^ 

red)te 
jur  ©tunbe  fi^  jeigt,  fo  btetbt  ba^  2Bat)(en  im 

Seiten, 
Unb  e^  unrfet  bie   $urc()t,  bie  falfi^e  ^u  greifen,  am 

meiften. 
<So((  id)  bir  fagen,  mein  So^n,  fo  fjaft  bu,  id)  glaube,  205 

getr>(i()(et, 
1)enn  bein  ^erj  ift  getroffen  unb  tnefyr  al^  gembljntic^ 

empfinbHd). 

^  gerab'  nur  fyerauS,  benn  mir  f(^on  fagt  e$  bie 

©eele  ; 
9ftabd)en  ift'8,  ba^  uertriebene,  bie  bu  gemafylt 

l)aft." 


64  IV,  (Euterpe. 

,,8iebe  ^hitter,  3f)r  fogt'e!"  oerfebte  (ebfjaft  ber  Sotjn 

braiif. 
210  nS&r  fie  iffs!  unb  fiifyr'  id)  fie  nid)t  ale  33raut  mir  nad) 


§eute  nod),  jie^et  fie  fort,  nerfdjnrinbet  tite((eid)t  mtr  auf 

immer 
3n  ber  33eni)trrung  bee  $rieg£  iinb  im  traurtgen  §tn= 

unb  §er^tet)Tt. 

IWutter,  eiDtg  umfonft  gebet()t  tnir  bte  reid)e  53efii?ung 
!£ann  tior  3lugett  ;    umfonft  ftnb  fimfttge  3a^)re  mir 

frudjtbar. 
215^0,  bae  gewotjnte  ^>aue  unb  ber  (Garten  tft  mir  ^u^ 

ttriber  ; 
5td)  !  unb  bie  Ciebe  ber  9)?utter,  fie  felbft  nid)t  trbftet  ben 

Strmen. 

£)enn  ee  tdfet  bie  ?tebe,  bae  jnty'  id),  jegltdje  ®anbe, 
SBenn  fie  bie  i^rigen  fnitpft;    unb  nidjt  bae  DMbdjen 

adetn  IS  j?t 

unb  Gutter  guriicf,  tt>enn  fie  bem  enpcif)teten 

3»ann  f  olgt  ; 
ber  3«ngUng,  er  metR  ntd)te  me^r  Don  Gutter  unb 

95ater, 
SBenn  er  bae  9)?abd)en  fie^t,  bae  ein^iggeltebte,  banon= 


3)arum  laffet  mid)  gefjn,  wof)in  bie  33er3Weiffung  mid) 
antretbt. 


flutter  unb  Sofyn.  65 


tneitt  Sparer,  er  fyat  bie  entfdjeibenben  Sorte  ge- 
fprodjen, 
Unb  fein  ,f>au^  ift  nid)t  nte^r  ba$  tneine,  toenn  er  ba$ 


2(u*fd)(ieJ3t,  ba#  id)  atlein  nad)  §au^  511  fitt)ren  begetjre."  225 

£)a  uerfe^te  betjenb  bte  gute,  berftcinbige  Gutter  : 
,,@te^en  nne  gelfen  bod)  ^luei  banner  gegetteincmber! 
Unbeinegt  unb  [10(5  un'((  fetner  bent  anbern  fid)  niil)ern, 
Reiner  ^um  guten  SBorte,  bent  erften,  bie  3un9e  beluegen. 
T^arum  fag'  id)  bir,  eo()n  :  nod)  tebt  bie  ^offnung  in  230 

meinem 

.'per^en,  ba§  er  fie  bir,  menn  fie  gut  unb  brat)  ift,  Derlobe, 
Cbgleid)  arm,  fo  entfdjieben  er  aud)  bie  Strme  Derfagt  b^at. 
T)enn  er  rebet  gar  mandjeS  in  feiner  ^eftigen  5trt  aM, 
1)a^  er  bod)  nid)t  uodbringt  ;  fo  gibt  er  aud)  pt  ba^  5?er- 

fagte. 

Stber  ein  guted  Sort  t>er(angt  er  unb  fann  e^  oerlangen  ;  235 
J)enn  er  ift  S3ater!    2(ud)  iniffen  mir  rooljt,  fein  3orn 

ift  nad)  Xifdje, 

3So  er  t)eftiger  fprid)t  unb  anberer  ©ritnbe  bejmeifelt, 
9?ie  bebeutenb;  e$  reget  ber  SSein  bann  jeglidje  Uraft 

auf 
eeine^  fyeftigen  SBoUen^  unb  (a'^t  i^n  bie  SBorte  ber 

anbern 
s?Jid)t  uernefymen,  er  l)ort  unb  fitt)tt  atleine  fid)  fetber.       240 


66  IV.   (Euterpe. 

5lber    e§    fommt    ber    2tbenb    fyeran,  unb    bie    melen 

©efprddje 

@inb  nun  ^ftifdjen  ifym  unb  fetnen  greunben  geroed)fe(t. 
SlftUber  ift  er  fitrtua^r,  id)  tt)etf$,  luenn  ba§  9?ciufd)d)en 

feorbei  ift, 

Hub  er  ba«  Unredjt  fiitjtt,  ba^  er  anbern  tebfyaft  er^eigte. 
245  ^omm!  tt)ir  wagen  e3  g(eid);   bad  ^rif^eutagte  gerdt 

nur, 
Hub  inir  bebitrfen  ber  ^reunbe,  bie  je^o  bet  Hjm  nod) 

tierfantmeft 
<2i^en;    befonber^   tnirb    un3    ber    iDilrbige    (^eift(td)e 

^etfen." 

SUfo  fprad)  fie  be^enbe  unb  jog,  dom  @tetne  fid) 

^ebenb, 

2(ud)  ttom  <Si^e  ben  Sot)n,  ben  nritftg  fotgenben.    ^3eibe 
f^aieigenb  ^erunter,  ben  wid)tigen  53orfa^  be* 
benfenb. 


5lber  eg  fafien  Me   brei  nod)  itnmer  fpredjenb  ju* 

fammen, 

Wit  bem  geiftlidjen  ,£>errn  ber  2tpot()efer  beim  SBtrte, 
llnb  eg  war  bag  ©efpra'd)  noc^  immer  ebenbagfelbe, 
T^ag  t»tel  I)in  unb  ^er  nafy  alien  Setten  qefuljrt  inarb. 
?lber  ber  treffUcfje  ^farrer   nerfetjte,  tuitrbig  gefinn^s 

brauf: 
r,2Siberfpred)en  wttt  ic^  @ud)  ntdjt.    ^c^  tuei§  eg,  ber 

3ttettfd)  foil 
3mmcr  ftreben  sum  33effern;  unb,  njte  wtr  fel)en,  er 

ftrebt  auc^ 
3mmer  bem  £)bf)eren  nad),  1,um  wenigften  furf)t  er  ba§ 


5(ber  gefjt  nid)t  .ju  meit  !    £>enn  neben  biefen  ®efiti)(en 

67 


68  V.  Polyhymnia. 


10  ®ab  bie  }?atur  un*  aud)  bie  Vuft  }u  tierfyarren  im  2Uten, 
Unb  fid)  beffen  511  freun,  n>a$  jeber  lange  gewofynt  ift. 
9U(er  ,3uftanb  ift  gut,  ber  natiir(id)  ift  unb  uerniinftig. 
nwnfdjt  fid)  ber  9ftenfd),  unb  bod)  bebarf  er  nur 
luenig  ; 
bie  Xage  finb  fur},  unb  befdjranft  ber  2terbiid)en 


is  Wemat^  tab!'  id)  ben  9ftann,  ber  immer,  tdtig  unb 

raftfo* 

Hmgetrieben,  ba^  9D?eer  unb  atte  StraBen  ber  (5rbe 
$uh,n  unb  emfig  befcitjrt  unb  fid)  bee  ©enrinnee  erfreuet, 
J9eld)er  fid)  reidjlid)  um  ih,n  unb  urn  bie  Seinen  fjerum^ 

^auft; 

5tber  jener  ift  aud).  mir  roert,  ber  ru()ige  Burger, 
20  "Der  fein  oater(id)  (Srbe  mit  ftiUen  5d)ritten  umge()et, 
Unb  bie  (Srbe  beforgt,  fo  wie  t*  bie  Stunben  gebieten. 
oeranbert  fid)  ifym  in  jebem  $afye  ber  $oben, 
ftredt  eilig  ber  33aum,  ber  neugepflan^te,  bie  3(rme 
©egen  ben  ^)immet  au^,  mit  reid)Ud)en  ^3(itten  ge^ieret. 
^ein,  ber  3)Jonn  bebarf  ber  ©ebutb;  er  bebarf  aud)  be3 

retnen, 
3ntmer  g(eid)en,  rub,tgen  Sinn^  unb  bed  graben  2$er- 

ftanbeg. 
!Denn  nur  toenige  (Samen  Dertraut  er  ber  naf)renben 

Srbe, 
Senige  Xiere  nur  oerftefyt  er  mel)renb  ^u  }ieb,en; 


Der  IDeltbiirger.  69 

e  Metbt  attem  [em  ganger  ©ebanfe. 
(SMiid(td),  uiem  bte  "Jtatur  em  fo  geftimmtes  ©emitt  gab!  30 
(Sr  erntifiret  un«  a  tie.    Unb  ©eil  bem  33iirger  be^  ffeinen 
@ta'btcf)en£,  ine(rf)er  tanb(td)  ©ewerb  tntt  SBitrgergetoerb 

poort  ! 

5luf  it)m  ttegt  ntrf)t  ber  J)ru(f,  ber  a'ngft(id)  ben  8anb^ 
mann  be[d)ranfet; 

dertDtrrt   nifyt   bte    ©orge   ber    oie(beget)renben 
Stcibter, 

ie  bem  ^etcfjeren  ftet^  unb  ben  ^)d^eren,  toenig  oer^ss 
mbgenb, 

gemofjnt  finb,  befonber^  bte  SBeiber  unb 


(gegnet  tntmer  barum  be^  Sof)ne$  tuf)tg  -Sentit^en, 
Unb   bte  ©atttn,  bte  einft  er,  bte  gtetc^gefinnte,  fid) 


Sllfo  fprac^  er.    (5^  trot  bte  Gutter  jngleid)  mtt  bem 

<2o^n  ein, 
ftitfjrenb  t^n  bet  ber  ^)anb  unb  Dor  ben  ©atten  tt)n 

ftettenb. 

,,3?ater/'  [prad;  fie,  ,,tm'e  oft  gebadjten  h)tr,  untereinanber 
2c^aia^enb,  be#  frot)(i(^en  Xag^,  ber  fommen  ttritrbe, 

tpenn  funftig 
Hermann,  feme   33raut    fi^    ertDa^Ienb,  un^   enbttc^ 

erfrente  ! 


TO  V.   polyt?ymnta. 


§in  unb  nrieber  batten  nnr  ba;  ba(b  biefeS,  batb  jene$ 
459ttabrf)en  beftimmten  nnr  ifytn  mit  e(ter(irf)em  ©efdjnxi^e. 
ift  er  fommen,  ber  £ag  ;  nun  t)at  bie  33raut  ifynt  ber 


£>ergefitf)rt  unb  gqek|t,  e^  ^at  fein  £)eq  nun  ent[d)ieben. 
Sagten  lt)ir  bamal^  ntd)t  immer:   er  (ode  felber  fid) 

inafjten? 
Sitnfdjteft  bu  nidjt  nod)  uorljin,  er  mbdjte  ()eiter  unb 

(ebtjaft 
^ur  ein  9)Zabd)en  empfinbenV     5Jun  ift  bie   Stunbe 

gef  omnten  ! 
3a,  er  fyat  gefitt)(t  unb  genicit)lt  unb  ift  mann(id)  ent= 

fd)ieben. 

^eueg  9J?cibd)en  tft'8,  bie  ?frembe,  bie  il)m  begegnet. 
©tb  fie  i^m;   ober  er  b(eibt,  fo  fd)tnur  er,  itn  lebigen 

Stanbe." 


Unb  e«  fagte  ber  Solnt:  f,^te  gebt  mir,  i^ater!  x^?ein 

§er^  t)at 
$Rem  unb   fidjer  geivti^It;  Gud)  ift  fie  bie   mitrbigfte 


Slber  ber   3?ater  fdjmieg.     X)o   ftcmb   ber   (^eiftlid)e 
fd)neU  auf, 

ba^  SBort  unb  fprad):  ,,Der  ?tugenblicf  nur  ent^ 
fdjeibet 


Der  ZDeltbu'rger.  71 


Uber  ba$  8eben  bed  SWenfdjen  unb  itber  fern 

©efdjicfe; 
£>enn  nad)  longer  33eratung  tft  bod)  ein  feber  (Jntfdjluft 

nur 
3Ber!  be£  sD?oment3,  e§  ergreift  bod)  nur  ber  33erftanb'ge  60 


r  gefal)vltd)er  ift'^,  beim  Sa^ten  biefe^  unb  j 
s!)Jebenl)er  p  bebenfen  unb  [o  ba§  ©efit^I  su  oenmrren. 
9^etn  ift  ^permann;  id)  fenn'  t()n  Don  ^}ugenb  auf  ;  unb 

er  ftrecfte 

at§  Unabe  bie  §anbe  ntc^t  au$  nad)  btefem  unb 

jenem. 
er  begeb,rte,  ba^  war  ifynt  gema'B  ;  l"o  ^ie(t  er  e$  65 

feft  aud). 
ib  ntdjt  fd)eu  unb  dennunbert,  bafc  nun  auf  einmat 

erfd)einet, 
^f)1"  f°  ^an9e  geit)itn[d)t.    Q$  tjat  bie  (Jrfc^einung 

fttrwa^r  nid)t 

bie  ©eftatt  be^  2Bunfd)e3,  |o  mie  3^  i^n  e*toa 

gef)eget. 
X)enn  bie  Sitnfdje  toerptten  un^  fetbft  ba^  ©eiDiJn[d)te; 

bie  ©aben 

,^omnten  oon  oben  fyerab,  in  it)ren  eignen  ©eftatten.       7° 
yinn   oerfennet   e^  nid)t,  bad    9JMbd)en,  ba^    Surem 

getiebten, 
©uten,  oerftanbigen  ©ot)n  jucrft  bie  @ee(e  bemegt  ^at. 


72  V. 


©liicflid)  ift  ber,  bent  fogleid)  bte  erfic  ©eliebte  bie  <panb 

reidjt. 
£>em  ber  UebUd)fte  3Bunfd)  nidjt  l)eim(id)  im  ,s;)er$en 

uerfd)mad)tet  ! 

75  $a,  id)  fefy'  e#  if)m  attf  e^  ift  fei«  edjtcffal  entfdjteben. 
Sat)re  xJietgung  Dodenbet  fog(etd)    gum   9ftanne    ben 


betneg(id)  ift  er;  id)  fitrd)te,  toerfagt  ^f)r  tl 
bie  ^a^re  ba^in,  bte  fdjbnften,    in   trattrigem 


!Do  Derfe^te  fog(eid)  ber  3(potl)efer  bebitd)ttg, 
so  £)em  f  d)on  lange  bad  2Bort  t>on  ber  Vippe  5u  f  pringen 

bereit  nxtr: 
,,^a^t  un^  and)  biedtnal  bod)  nur  bie  3)?itteIftraBe  be= 

treten! 
,(SUe  ntit  SSeite  !'    ba«^  luar   fetbft    ^aifer    Stuguftus' 


©erne  fd)icf'  id)  mid)  an,  ben  (teben  s)Jad)barn  $u  bienen, 
SWeinen  geringen  3?erftanb  ^u  it)rent  ^Jutjen  ju  braud)en; 
8sltnb  befonberd  bebarf  bie  ^ugenb,  ba^  man  fie  leite. 

mid)  alfo  tjinaM;  id)  tnid  e£  priifen,  bad  sH?cibd)en, 
ill  bie  ©emeinbe  befragen,  in  ber  fie  (ebt  unb  befannt 

ift. 
9?iemanb  betritgt  mid)  fo  (etd)t;  id)  ttet§  bie  Sorte  ^u 


Der  tDeltbiirger.  73 


£>a  oerfe^te  fog(eid)  ber  £ob,n  tutt  geflitgelren  Morten: 
,.£ut  e$,  ^arfjbor,  unb  gefyt  unb  erfunbigt  Chid).    Stber 

id)  tt>itnfd)e, 
£>afe  ber  §err  ^farrer  fid)  audj  in  (Surer  ©efettfdjaft 

befinbe; 

^wet  fo  treffttd^e  SDfrmtter  finb  unoennerflit^e  ^eugen. 
D,  meitt  35ater!  fie  ift  nid)t  Jjergetaufett,  bo^  QJJabrfjen, 
^eine,  bie  burrf)  ba§  ^anb  aitf  Slbenteiter  rnnfjerfdjtteift, 
Unb    ben    -^imgting    beftrtcft,    ben   nnerfafyrnen, 

9?cinfen. 

,  baS  niilbe  ©efd^id  be^  afloerberbli^en  ®riege3, 
bie  Selt  jerftort  unb  mandjeS  fefte  ©ebciube 

tS  bem  ©runbe  gel)oben,  b,at  aucfy  bie  9lrme  oer* 

trieben. 
@treifen  nii^t  ^errtic^e  banner  Don  fjofyer  ©eburt  nun 

int  Gtenb? 

$itrften  f(ie()en  tierntummt,  unb  ^onige  (eben  oerbannet.  100 
5td),  fo  ift  and)  fie,  &on  itjren  ©d)lt)eftertl  ^e  ^>efter 
3lu§  bem  £anbe  getrieben;  ib,r  eigned  Unglitrf  nergeffenb, 
(2tet)t  fie  anberen  bei,  ift  ofjne  ."pilfe  nod)  b,ilfreic^. 
©rop  finb  jammer  nub  9iot,  bie  itber  bie  (Srbe  fid)  bret= 

ten; 

©ottte  nid)t  aud^  ein  ©littf  au§  biefent  Ungtitcf  fyeroorgefjn,  105 
Unb  id),  im  3lrtne  ber  53raut,  ber  suoertaffigen  ©attin, 
nid)t  erfreuen  be^  $rteg$,  fo  lt)ie 

Gucb,  freutet?" 


"4  V. 


t)a  »erfel?te  ber  3?ater  unb  tat  bebeurenb  ben  $)hmb 

auf: 
,,2Bie  ift,  o  ©ofytt,  bir  Me  ,$unge  9e^ft,  bie  fdion  bir  im 


no£ange  3af)re  geftocft  unb  nur  fid)  bitrftig  betnegte! 

id)  bod)  fjeut'  erfafjren,  was  iebem  33ater  gebro()t 
ift: 

ben  SBttfen  be^  So^,  ben  fyeftigen,  gerne  bie 
Gutter 

5tUsugeItnb  begiinfttgt,  unb  jeber  >)?ad)bar  Cartel  ntmmt, 
SBenn  e^  itber  ben  $ater  nur  ^erge^t  ober  ben  (Sfymann. 
id)  H)UI  (5ud)  ^ufammen  nid)t  iniberfte^en  ; 


£enn  id)  fefje  bod)  fd)on  fyier  Xro^  unb  Xranen  im  nor- 


unb  priifet  unb  bringt  in  ®otte3  9Jamen  bie 
£orf)ter 

tr  in^  §au^;  too  nidjt,  fo  tnog  er  ba3  SOZabdjen  Der* 
geffen." 


5ll[o  ber  SBater.    6*  rtef  ber  Sofjn  mit  fro^er  ®e* 

barbe: 

120  ,,9?orf)  nor  5lbenb  ift  Cmrf)  bie  trefflid)fte  Xodjter  be(d)eret, 
ie  fie  ber  SO^ann  fid)  nwnfdjt,  bem  ein  Kuger  Sinn  in 

ber  53ruft  lebt. 
liicf(id)  ift  bie  ®ute  bann  aud),  fo  barf  id)  es  fioffen. 


Der  XDcltbiirgcr.  75 


3a,  fie  banfet  tnir  etuig,  baf?  id)  iljr  $ater  unb  Gutter 
SBiebergegeben  in  (Slid),  fo  tine  fie  nerftanbige  Sinber 
ifiM'mfdjen.    9Iber  id)  jaubre  nidjt  tneljr;  id)  fdjirre  bie  125 


©tetd)  unb  fitl)re  bie  $reunbe  t)inau«  auf  bie  Spur  ber 

©etiebten, 
ilbertaffe  bie  Scanner  fid)  felbft  unb  ber  eigenen  Slug* 

iieit, 
^Hid)te,  fo  fdjiubr'  id)  (Sud)  p,  mid)  gan$  nad)  ib.rer 

fd)eibung, 
Unb  id)  feb/  e«  nid)t  nrieber,  a(^  bi^  e$  mein  ift, 


Unb  fo  ging  er  ^inau^,  inbeffen  mandje^  bie  anbern         130 
2Bei§(td)  erwogen  unb  fdjnefl  bie   niid)tige  ©ad)e  be- 
fprad)en. 

Hermann  eitte  jum  (Static  fog(eid),  mo  bie  mutigen 

£engfte 

9f{ut)ig  ftanben  unb  rafd)  ben  reinen  £>af"er  Derje^rten, 
Unb  ba£  trorfene  $eu,  auf  ber  beften  3Biefe  get)auen. 
(Sitig  legf  er  U)nen  barauf  ba^  btanfe  ($ebifj  an,  135 

^og  bie  9?iemen  fogleid)    burd)    bie    fdjonoerfilberten 

Sdjnaflen, 

Unb  befeftigte  bann  bie  langen,  breiteren  3u9e^ 
^itl)rte  bie  ^ferbe  b,erau^  in  ben  ,f)of,  mo  ber  undige 
fdjon 


76  V.  Polyhymnia. 


$orgefd)oben  bie  f  utfrfje,  fie  ktrfjt  an  ber  £)eicf)fel  be- 

roegenb. 

i4o2lbgemeffen  fnitpften  fie  brauf  an  bie  3Sage  ntit  faubern 
®tricfen  bte  rafcfye  Uraft  ber  Ieid)tf)in$iel)enben  ^ferbe. 
^ermann  fafete  bie  ^eitfrfje;  bann  fa§  er  itnb  roftt'  in 

ben  Xortoeg. 
2U^  bie  ^reitnbe  nun  gfeidj  bie  geraumtgen  ^la^e  ge= 

nommen, 

Oolite  ber  SBagen  ei(ig  itnb  lie^  ba«  ^flafter  jurucfe, 
145  $tef?  juritd  bie  Pattern  ber  (2tabt  unb  bte  reinlic^en 

£itrme. 

So  fit^r  ^ermann  bal)in,  ber  luotjlbefannten  Gijauffee  ju, 
S'Jafcf),  nnb  faumete  nii^t  nnb  fu^r  bergan  ttiie  berg- 

unter. 

211^  er  aber  nunmefyr  ben  3^urm  be3  X)orfe^  erbtitfte, 
Unb  nirfjt  fern  ntefyr  (agen  bte  gartenumgebenen  ,(pauferr 
isoX)acf)t'  er  bei  fid)  fetbft,  nun  anju^atten  bie 


bem  mitrbtgen  X)unfe(  er^abener  Sinben  umfd^at- 

tetr 

tt^rijunberte  fdjon  an  biefer  ©teKe  geinuqett, 
SSar  mit  9?afen  bebecft  ein  metier  gritnenber  5tnger 
33or  bem  £)orfe,  ben  ^Sauern  nnb  na^en  Stabtern  ein 

Suftort. 
i55  ^(arfigegraben  befanb  fii^  unter  ben  ^3aumen  ein  33run= 

nen. 


Der  HMtbfirger.  77 


Stieg  man  bie  Stufen  fyinab,  fo  jeigten  fid)  fteinerne 


um  bie  Guefle  gefefct,  bie  immev  lebenbig 

quott, 
iKeintid),  mit  niebriger  9J?auer  gefaftt,  ju  fd)6pfen  be* 

quemltd). 

Hermann  aber  bef^to^,  in  btefent  @cf)atten  bie  ^ferbe 
SOHt  bem  SBagen  ju  fjalten.    (Sr  tat  fo  nnb  fagte  bie  160 

SKorte: 
,,2teiget,  greunbe,  nun  an^  unb  ge^t,  bantit  3t)r  er- 

fafiret, 
£)b  ba^  90?a'brf)en  auc^  iwert  ber  §anb  fet,  bie  ic^  i^r 

biete. 
,3tt)ar  id)  gtaub'  e«,  unb  tnir  erjat)tt  ^^r  nidj 

unb  <2e(tne3; 
§Stt'  ic^  aKein  $u  tun,  fo  ging'  ic^  befyenb  ju  bem 


Unb  mit  iwnigen  SSorten  entf^iebe  bie  ©ute  meim6s 

Sc^icffat. 

Unb  $f)r  werbet  fie  balb  Dor  alien  anbern  ertennen; 
£enn  tt)ot)(  fd)toer(id)  ift  an  Sitbung  it)r  eine  Dergleirf): 

bar. 

Stber  id)  geb'  (gud)  noc^  bie  ^eic^en  ber  reinfidjen  ^leiber: 
5)enn  ber  rote  8a£  oerjiert  ben  gefc^meibigen  Sorter 
@d)b'n  gefc^niirt,  unb  e^  Uegt  ba«  fdjmarge  9J?ieber  it)r  170 

fnapp  an; 


78  V. 


Sauber  fyat  fie  ben  2aum  be*  ,s;>cmbe$  }ur  $raufe 

gefaltet, 
£)ie  ifyr  ba£  &inn-  umgibt,  ba*  runbe,  mit  reinlidjer 

Stnmut; 

$rei  unb  fyeiter  ^eicjt  fid)  be«<  ^opfe^  }ter(td)e3  (girunb; 
Star!  finb  tiietmat  bie  3opfe  urn  filbertte  sJlabe(n  ge= 

raicfett; 

175  53ielgefaltet  unb  b(au  faticjt  unter  bem  ^a^e  ber  O^ocf  an, 
Unb  umfd)Iagt  tfyr  im  ©et)n  bie  mol)(gebilbeten  ^nodjeL 
X)od)  ba§  mitt  id)  (Slid)  fagen  unb  nod)  mir  ausbritdlid) 

erbitten  : 
<Kebet  nid)t  mit  bem  2tttibd)en  unb  ta^t  nid)t  merfen  bie 


(gonbern  befraget  bie  anbern  unb  tjb'rt,  roa3  fie 

erjd^ten. 
^abt  3^r  ^ad)rid)t  genug,  3U  beru^igen  33ater  unb 

Gutter, 

tef)ret  ju  mir  bann  ^urud,  unb  mir  bebenfen  ba^  Seitre. 
5(Ifo  badjf  id)  mir'$  au*  ben  2Beg  fjer,  ben  mir  gefatjren." 

2((fo  fprad)  er.    (S«>  gingen  barauf  bie  $reunbe  bem 

Dorf  su, 
2Bo  in  ©a'rten  unb  Sdjeunen  unb  £wufern  bie  3J?enge 


18.5  SSimmette,  ^arrn  an  ®arrn  bie  breite  ®tra^e  bal)in 
ftanb. 


Der  tDeltburger.  79 


oerforgten  ba$  britflenbe  S3tet)  unb  bie 
an  ben  Sagen, 

e  trorfneten  emfig  auf  alien  £>e<fen  bie  Seiber, 
Unb  e$  ergij^ten  bie  $inber  fid)  platfdjernb  im  Staffer 


bitrd)  bie  Sagen  fid)  brangenb,  burrf)  9}?enfd)en  unb 

Xtere, 
en  fie  recfyts   unb    ttnf^  fi^  urn,  bie  gefenbeten  190 


Ob  fie  nid)t  etlua  ba«i  ^3itb  be3  be^eid)neten 

erbticEten; 

2lber  feme  oon  aflen  erfd)ien  bie  fjerrlidje 
©tarfer  fanben  fie  balb  ba^  ©ebrange.    X)a  inar  urn  bie 

Sagen 
©treit  ber  brofyenben  Scanner,  morein  fi<^  mifi^ten  bie 

Seiber, 
S^reienb.    ®a  na^te  fid)  fdjnefl  mit  mitrbigen  edjritten  195 

ein  Sitter, 
£rat  gu  ben  ©cfyeltenben  t)in;  unb  fogleid)  oerltang  ba^ 

©etbfe, 
511^  er  ffiufye  gebot  unb  datertid)  ernft  fie  bebrofyte. 

un^,"  rtef  er,  ,,nod)  nid)t  ba«  Ungliict  alfo  ge^ 

banbigt, 

lutr  enblid)  tierfte^n,  un«  untereinanber  jju  bulben 
Unb  ju  oertragen,  menu  aucfj  nidjt  jeber  bie  §anb(ungen  200 

abmi^t? 


80 


UntiertragUd:)  fiirtoafjr  ift  ber  ©litrflidje!    SSerben  bie 

£eiben 
(Snblidj  Chid)  lefjren,  nid)t  mefyr  nne  fonft  mit  bem  33ruber 

511  fyabern? 
@onnet  einanber  ben  ^(a^  auf  frembem  33oben  unb 

tetter, 

^r  tjabet,  pfammen,  bamit 

finbet." 


205     2l(fo  fagte  ber  ^)iann,  imb  at(e  fdjimegen;  Dertrdg(td) 
Crbneten  $ief)  unb  2Bagen  bie  wiebev  befanfttgten  9)?en> 

fc^en. 

2l(^  ber  (Sfeifmdp  nutt  bie  ?Rebe  be^  SWanne^  oernommen 
Unb  ben  rul)igen  einn  beei  fremben  ^Kic^ter^  entbecfte, 
£rat  er  an  it)n  ^eran  itnb  fpra^  bie  bebeutenben  Sorte: 
210  ,,23ater,  f  itriua^r,  inenn  ba^  33otf  in  gtiicf  (tc^en  Xagen  ba^= 

fyinlebt, 

33on  ber  Srbe  firf)  ntifyrenb,  bie  roeit  nnb  breit  fid)  auftut, 
Unb  bie  ennitnfd)ten  ®aben  in  3a^ren  un^  9)?onben 

ernenert, 

J)a  ge{)t  aUe§  Don  fefbft,  unb  jeber  ift  fid)  ber  .^(itgfte 
3Bie  ber  -Sefte;  unb  fo  befte^en  fie  nebeneinanber, 
215  Unb  ber  Dernimftigfte  9J?ann  ift  nrie  ein  anbrer  ge^aften: 
Senn  maS  at(e«  gefdjie^t,  ge^t  ftiK  n)ie  bon  felber  ben 

(^ang  fort. 
Slber  ^erriittet  bie  "Diot  bie  gemofyntidjen  Sege  beei 


Per  IPcItburger.  81 

ii?t  ba$  ©ebaube  nieber  iinb  ttwljtet  ©arten  imb  Saat 

urn, 
£reibt  ben  9ftann  unb  baS  SSeib  uom  9?cmme  ber  trait= 

tidjen  Sofynung, 
2d)feppt  in  bie  $rre  fa  fort  burd)  angftlidje  £age  unb  220 


Std)!  ba  fiefjt  man  fid)  urn,  toer  mo^t  ber  tterftdnbtgfte 

3Jlann  fei, 

Unb  er  rebet  nidjt  meljr  bie  fjerrlidjen  3Sorte  Dergeben^. 
eagt  mir,  SBater,  3t)r  feib  gemij?  ber  9?id)ter  don  biefen 
^-(itd)tigen  SO^annern,  ber  3^r  f°9^id)  bie  ©emitter 

berufjigt  ? 

3a,  3^r  erfdjeint  mir  fyenf  a(^  etner  ber  cilteften  ^it^rer,  225 
burd)  SBitften  nnb  3rren  dertriebene  hotter  geteitet. 
f  id)  bod)  eben,  id)  rebe  mit  3ofua  ober  mit 


Unb  e^  nerfet^te  barauf  mit  ernftem  Slide  ber  9?id)ter: 
,,Sat>r(id),  unfcre   3e^   »ergteid)t   fid)   ben   fettenften 


bie  ®efd)id)te  bemerft,  bie  {jeilige  tm'e  bie  gemeine.    230 

tt)er  geftern  nnb  I)eut'  in  biefen  Xagen  getebt  b,at, 
fdjon  f}al)re  getebt;  fo  brd'ngen  fid)  atte  ©efd)id)ten. 
f  id)  ein  toenig  juriicf,  fo  fd)eint  mir  ein  graiteS  Sitter 
Stuf  bent  £>cmpte  ju  (iegen,  unb  bod)  ift  bie  $raft  nod) 

tebenbig. 
C,  toir  anberen  bitrfen  un^  tt)ob,(  mit  jenen  oerg(eid)en,    235 


82  V. 


£>enen  in  ernfter  Stunb'  erfdjien  im  feurigen  33ufd)e 
®ott  ber  §err;   and)  iinS  •  erfdjien  er  in  &olfen  unb 
Better." 

211^  nun  ber  ^farrer  barauf  nocf)  meiter  ,$u  fprerfjen 

geneigt  )t)ar 

Unb  ba§  @cf)tcffal  bed  DJZann^  nnb  ber  Seinen  ^u  f)bren 
Derfancjte, 
be^enb  ber  ©efa^rte  mit  I)eim(id)en  SBorten  tnd 


mit  bem  5Rid)ter  nur  fort,  unb   bringt  ba^ 

c^  cmf  bod  ^abrfjen. 
SIber  i(^  gef)e  ^erum,  fie  auf^ufudjen,  unb  fomme 
Sieber,  fobatb  id)  fie   finbe."    (5d  ntcfte  ber   ^farrer 

bagegen, 

Unb  burd)  bie  ^>eden  unb  ®arten  unb  @d)eunen  fudjte 
ber  opa'fjer. 


ttlio. 


3  nun  ber  geiftttcfye  §err  ben  frentben  9?id)ter  be- 

fragte, 
bte  ©emeine  gelitten,  nn'e  (ang  fie  toon  §an[e  der= 

trieben, 

8agte  ber  Wlann  barauf  :  ,,Wvfyt  fnr^  finb  nnfere  geiben; 
S)enn  wir  fyaben  bo^  33ittre  ber  [omtlic^en  ^afyre  ge* 

trunlen, 
Scared  Itc^cr,  loett  aud)  un^  bte  fc^onfte  ^offnnng  jerftiJrt  s 

warb. 
3)enn  ttier  (eugnet  e«  mo^t,  ba§  ^oc^  fid)  ba3  ^erg  ifjm 

er^oben, 

3fym  bie  freiere  ^Bruft  mit  reineren  ^Jitlfen  gef^Iagen, 
31(8  fic^  ber  erfte  ®lan$  ber  neuen  Sonne  ^eran^ob, 
21I§  man  t)jjrte  oont  9?ec^te  ber  ^enfc^en,  ba«  alien 

gemein  fei, 

83 


84  VI.   Klio. 


ber  begeifternben  greifjeit  itnb  oon  ber  Ibblidjen 

®feid)I)eit  ! 

£)atnat3  fyoffte  jeber  fid)  felbft  311  teben;  e£  frfjien  fid) 
2lufsu(bfen  ba§  93anb,  ba£  Diete  1'anber  umftrtcfte, 
£>a3  ber  DJJii^tggang  unb  ber  gtgennu^  in  ber  §anb 

f)telt. 

Sdjaiiten  nid)t  aHe  SSdtfer  in  jenen  brangenben  Xagen 
yj?arf)  ber  §auptftabt  ber  2Be(t,  bie  e^  frfpn  fo  tange 

gettiefen, 

Unb  je^t  me^r  a(«  je  ben  fyerrlidjen  Xiamen  oerbiente  ? 
Saren  nid)t  jener  banner,  ber  erften  3?erfiinber  ber 


ben  fybdjften  gtetrf),  bie  unter  bie  Sterne  gefe^t 
finb? 

ntrfjt  jeglidjem  3)?enfrf)en  ber  SOiut  unb  ber  ©eift 
unb  bie 


20     ,,Unb  U)tr  tt)aren  perft,  ai%  51acf)barn,  (ebfjaft  entjunbet. 
£)raitf  begann  ber  ^rieg,  unb  bie  3u9e  beroaffneter 

^ronfen 
S'Jucften  nafyer;  alkin  fie  fd)ienen  nur  greunbfdjaft  ^u 

bringen. 
llnb  bie  "bradjten  fie  aud);  benn  i^nen  erf)b{)t  h)ar  bie 


2l(Ien;  fie  pftan^ten  mtt  ?uft  bie  munteren  33tiume  ber 


Das      eitalter.  85 


bad  ^etne  Derfprecfyenb  nnb  jebem  bte  eigne  25 

9?egierung  ; 

.•pod)  erfreute  fid)  ba  bte  ^ugenb,  fidj  freute  bad  SUter, 
Unb  ber  muntere  Xanj  begann  urn  bte  neue  ©tanbarte. 
eo  geinannen  fie  balb,  bte  itbenntegenben  L^ranfen, 
(Srft  ber  banner  ©etft  mtt  f  eurtgem,  munterm  ^Begmnen, 
!Dann  bte  §erjen   ber  SBetber  tnit  unwibcrftc^ticf)cr  30 

5tntnut. 

fetbft  fd)ien  iinS  ber  ^rucf  beg  dielbebitrfenben 

IriegeS; 

bte  ^offnung  iimft^ttjebtc  cor  utifern  Slitgen  bie 

gerne, 
Cocfte  bte  S3(icfe  I)tnau§  in  neuertfffnete 


,,O,  wie  fro^  ift  bie  geit,  iwentt  mit  ber  SBraut  fid)  ber 


tm  ^tanje,  ben  Xog  ber  genmnfdjten 

binbitng  erniartenb  ! 

Slber  t)errtt(f)er  mar  bie  $tit,  in  ber  nn^  ba^  §6rf)fte, 
SBa§  ber  9JZenfd)  fid)  benft,  aid  na^  unb  erretd)bar  fid) 

jetgte. 

3)a  mar  febem  bte  3un9e  gelijft;  ed  fprac^en  bie  ©reife, 
Scanner  unb  ^itngtinge  taut  Doll  ^o^en  @innd  unb 


,,3lber  ber  ^)immet  tri'tbte  fid)  balb.    Urn  ben  23orteil  40 
ber  .'perrfdjaft 


86  VI.   tflio. 

Stritt  ein  t>erberbte£  ©efdjtedjr,  unwiirbig  batf  ©ute  ju 

frfiaffen. 

<2ie  ermorbeten  fief)  unb  unterbritrften  bie  neuen     • 
•ftadjbarn   unb   39riiber   unb    fanbten   bie    eigennii&ige 

3)?enge. 

Unb  es  pra^ten  bei  un$  bie  Cbern  unb  raubten  im  gropen, 
45  Unb  e3  raubten  unb  praj?ten  bi^  $u  bem  ^(etnften  bie 

Vie  men; 

3eber  fc^ien  nur  beforgt,  e^  bteibe  roae  itbrtg  fitr  morgen. 
2ltf$ugroB  ^ar  bie  ^]ot,  unb  togfirf)  muc^^  bie  ^3ebritcfung; 
9?iemanb  dernafym  ba^  ®e[rf)rei,  fie  woven  bie 


2)a  fie(  Summer  unb  SSut  auc^  felbft  ein  gefapne^  @e^ 

miit  an  ; 

50  $eber  faun  nur  unb  fdjtmir,  bie  ^3e(eibigung  alle  ju  racfjen 
Unb  ben  bittern  3?ertuft  ber  boppett  betrogenen  .'ooffnung. 
Unb  e^  uienbete  fid)  ba$  ®Iiicf  auf  bie  Seite  ber 

frf)en, 

Unb  ber  granfe  flo^  mit  eiligen  9Jttrfd)en  ^uritcfe. 
5(rf),  ba  fii^Iten  tDtr  erft   ba^  traurige   Scf)icffa( 


ssXienn  ber   Sieger   tft  gro^  unb  gut;    ^um   menigften 

fdjeint  er'«f, 

Unb  er  fdjonet  ben  9Jlann,  ben  befiegten,  al$  mar'  er  ber 
Seine, 

m  taglid)  nii^t  unb  mit  ben  (Bittern  il)m  bienet. 


Das  <3ettalter.  87 

2lber  ber  ${itd)tige  fennt  fein  ©efe£;  benn  er  ttefjrt  nur 

ben  Job  ab 

Unb  derjefyret  nur  fdjnelt  itnb  ofyne  9?itcffid)t  bie  (fitter. 
£)ann  ift  fetn  ©emitt  and)  erfyi^t,  itnb  e$  fefyrt  bie  33er*  60 

jtoeiflung 
bent  §erjen  fjeroor  ba^  freoel^ofte  ^3eginnen. 

ift  ^etttg  tl)tn  nte^r;  er  raubt  e^  unb  ptitnbert  mit 


i'tberaU  fte^t  er  ben  Xob  nnb  gente^t  bie  (e^ten  3}Jinnten 
©raufant,  frettt  ftc^  be£  ^3(ut§  unb  freut  fic^  beS 
ben 


,,©rimntig  erfyob  fid)  barauf  in  unfern  Qftannern  bie  65 

S3ut  nun, 

$er(orne  ju  ritrfien  unb  gu  derteib'gen  bie 
ergriff  bie  Saffen,  getodt  don  ber  (Site  be3 


Unb  dom  btaffen  ©eftdjt  unb  frf)eu  unftdjeren 

^RaftloS  nun  erftang  ba3  ©etbn  ber  ftitrmenben  ©locfe, 

Unb  bie  funffge  ®efaf)r  ^ielt  nidjt  bie  grimntige  Sut 

auf. 

2c!)neft  dennanbette  fid)  be§  gelbbau^  friebtidje  9?uftung 
Nun  in  3Se^re;  ba  troff  don  53(ute  ©abet  unb  @enfe. 
D^ne    53egnabigung    fie(   ber    $einb   unb  o^ne 

fd)onung; 
iiberaW  rafte  bie  Sut  unb  bie  feige  tucfifdje 


88  VI.  tflio. 

7s9ftb'd)t'  id)  ben  9J?enfdjen  bod)  nie  in  biefer  fdjnb'ben 

33erirrung 

SBteberfefyn  !    £>a3  nwtenbe  Xier  ift  ein  befferer  Slnblicf. 
Spred)'  er  bod)  nte  oon  ^reifyeit,  ats  fonn'  er  fid)  fetber 

regieren  ! 

go^gebunben  erfcfyeint,  fobatb  bie  2cf)ranfen  ()tntt)eg  finb, 
ofe,  ba^  ttef  ba£  ®efe^  in  bie  2Binfel  $urueftrieb." 


so     ,,Xreff  litter  9J?ann!"  nerfe^te  borauf  ber  ^farrer  mit 


,,Senn  ^^r  ^en  3Kenfrf)cn  fcerfennt,  fo  fann  ic 

baritm  nicf)t  frfjelten  ; 
§abt  $b/r  ^0(i)  ^ofee  genug  erfitten  com  njiiften  Se= 

ginnen! 

9BoI(tet  $ljr  aber  jurucf  bie  traurigen  Xage  bur^fdjauen, 
^r  fclbcr  geftetjen,  tt)ie  oft  3^  auc^  ©ute« 
crbltrftct, 

XreffHcfje,  bad  oerborgen  btetbt  in  bent  ^er^en, 
iftegt  bie  ©efatjr  e^  nidjt  auf,  unb  brangt  bie  >J?ot  nidjt 
ben  SJJenfc^en, 

er  ate  (Snget  fid)  15eigr,  erfdjeine  ben  anbern  ein 
Sdntfcgott." 

Cdd^etnb  t>erfe£te  barauf  ber  alte,  murbige  9ftd)ter: 
erinnert  mi^  flug,  »ic  oft  nacb,  bent  ^Branbe  be£ 


Das  ^eitalter.  89 

>JKan  ben  betritbten  SBefitser  an  (Mb  unb  ©itber  erin-go 

nert, 
£)a$  gefd)mol}en  im  2d)utt  nun  itberblieben  gerftreut 

tiegt. 

2Benig  ift  eg  fitrttafyr,  bod)  and)  bag  SSenige  fb'fttid)  ; 
Unb  ber  SBerarmte  grabet  tf)tn  na^  unb  freut  fic^  be3 


Unb  fo  feljr'  id)  and)  gern  bte  fyeitern  ©ebanfen  311  jenen 
^Senigen  guten  Xaten,  bie  anfbetua^rt  ba«  ©ebarf)tntg.    95 
$a,  ic^  \mU  e§  nirf)t  (engnen,  i(^  fat)  fief)  $einbe  Der* 

fol)nen, 
Urn  bie   2tabt  Dotn  libel  ju  retten;  id)  fal)  audf)  ber 

greunbe, 

2af)  ber  (5Itern  iHeb'unb  ber  Hinber  Unmbglirf)e§  inagen; 
Sat),  )me  ber  ^imgting  auf  einmat  jum  Sftann  warb  ; 

fa^,  tt)ie  ber  ©rei&  fid) 
SBieber  derjitngte,  ba$  ^tnb  fid)  fetbft  at^  3un9ling  i<» 

enttjitttte. 
3a,  unb  ba^  fdjmadje  ©efc^tec^t,  fo  wie  eg  geiwotjnfid) 

genannt  luirb, 

3eigte  fid)  tapfer  unb  ma^tig  unb  gegenniartigen  ®eifteg. 
Unb  fo  Ia§t  mid)  t»or  atten  ber  fd)5nen  £at  nod^  enoatjuen, 
»ie  t)od)t)erjig  ein  Sfttibdjen  oottbrad)te,  bie  trefftic^e 

^ungfrau, 
?ie  auf  bent  gro^en  ©etib'ft  atlein  mit  ben  S0?abd)en  105 

guritrf  btieb  ; 


90  VI.   tflio. 

$>enn  e£  toaren  bie  banner  aud)  gegen  bie  gretnben  ge- 

jogen. 

£)a  itberftet  ben  $of  ein  Xrupp  fcertaufnen  ©efinbe(3, 
^liittbernb,  unb  brangte  fogleid)  \id)  in  bie  Dimmer  ber 

^rauen. 

(2ie  erblirften  ba^  33Ub  ber  fc^on  ermarfjfenen  ^iingfran 
no  Unb  bie  Iteblirfjen  9J?(ibd)en,  nod)  efjer  ^inber  ^u  l)ei§en. 
®a  ergriffen  fie  btanfe^  ©enjetjr;  fie  ftitrinten  gefitt)((o^ 
Stuf  bie  ^itternbe  Scfyar  unb  auf<5  Ijodjljer^ige  vDMbdjen. 
Slber  fie  ri§  bem  einen  fogleid)   Don  ber   Seite  ben 

©iibel, 

i^n  nieber  geiuaftig;   er   ftiiqf  il)r  btutenb   ^u 


us  5)ann  mtt  mannlidjen  <Streid)en  befreite  fie  tapfer  bte 


Xraf  nod)  oiere  ber  dauber;  bod)  bie  entf(ot)en  bent  Xobe. 
derfdjtoB  fie  ben  §of  nnb  b,arrte  ber  ^)i(fe  be= 
moffnet." 


511^  ber  ®eift(td)e  nun  ba3  Sob  be 

nonimen, 
@tieg  bie  §offnung  fog(etd)  fiir  fetnen  ^reunb  int  ©emiit 

auf, 

120  Unb  er  war  im  33egriff  ju  fragen,  wo^in  fie  geraten? 
Ob  ouf  ber  traurigen  $(ud)t  fie  nun  mtt  bem  33otf  ficl) 
befinbeV 


Ste  fyat  bic  puppe  ijeuncfelt. 
—  VI,  131. 


Das  <?>eitalter.  91 

9tber  ba  trat  Ijerbet  ber  S3lpotl)efer  befyenbe, 
,$upfte  ben  geifttidjen  t<perrn  unb  fagte  bie  nrifpernben 

SBorte : 
'  id)  bod)  enb(id)  bad  3D?cibd)en  au$  melen  £mnbert 

gefunben, 
ber  53ef d)retbung !     2o  fommt  unb  fel)et  fie  felber  125 

mit  2tugen ; 
s)?ef)met  ben  9?id)ter  mit  Sud),  bamit  mir  ba^  35?eitere 

I)iJren." 

Unb  fie  fefyrten  fid)  urn,  unb  weg  trar  gevufen  ber  9fid)ter 
23on  ben  (geinen,  bie  ifyn,  bebitrftig  be«  ^Kate^,  Dertangten. 
T'od)  e§  fotgte  fog(eid)  bent  2tpotl)efer  ber  slPfarr^err 
2(n  bie  Slide  bed  3aun^/  un^  Jener  beutete  tiftig.  J3o 

,,3c^t  3()r/'  fagf  er,  ,fbo«  sX?abd)en?     @ie  t)at  bie 

'•puppe  getDtdett, 

Unb  id)  erfenne  genau  ben  often  $attnn  unb  ben  blauen 
Wiffeniiber^ug  iuof)(,  ben  t^r  ^erntonn  int  33iinbef  ge* 

brad)t  t)at. 
2ie  tieraienbete  fdjneH,  fitrtt)Ql)r,  unb  gut  bte  ©efdjenfe. 

finb  beutlid)e  3e^)en'  e^  trcffen  bie  itbrigen  aHe  ;  135 

ber  rote  £a£  Perjiert  ben  gefdjtneibigen  $orper, 
2d)iin  gefdjnitrt,  unb  e«  liegt  ba§  fd)it)ar',e  SO^ieber  i^r 

fnapp  an ; 

Sauber  ift  ber  Saunt  be«  |>embe^  pr  traufe  gefattet, 
Unb  utngibt  it)r  ba$  tinn,  ba^  runbe,  nttt  reinlidjer 

5tnmut ; 


92  VI. 


140  grei  unb  Better  $eigt  fid)  be$  .f  opfe*  }ter(id)e$  tiirunb, 
llnb  bie  ftarfen  ,3opfe  um  fitberne  9tobefn  gerotcfeit  ; 
@ifct  fie  gleid),  fo  fefyen  nrir  bodj  bie  treff(id)e 
Unb  ben  btauen  9?ocf,  ber  otetgefaltet  »om 
I)eruntertt)atlt  jum  mol)(flebi(beten 

el,  fie  ift'«>.    2)riim  fommet,  bamtt  lutr  oer= 
ne^men, 
Ob  fie  gut  unb  tugenbljaft  fei,  ein  fyauSlidjeS  2J?abd)en." 


oerfe^te  ber  ^farrer,  ntit  Slicfen  bie  ©i^enbe 

pritfenb  : 

fie  ben  Bungling  ent5it(ft,  fttrnjo^r,  e3  ift  mir  fein 

SKunber  ; 
$)enn  fie  ^att  Dor  bent  33tt(f  be«  erfafjrenen  SJJanne^  bie 

'•Probe. 

150  ©fttcf  lid),  h)em  boc^  Gutter  9Jatur  bie  recite  ©eftatt  gab! 
£)enn  fie  empfie^tet  i^n  ftettf,  unb  nirgenb<5  ift  er  ein 

trembling. 

^eber  na^et  fid)  gern,  unb  jeber  mb'^te  Dermeifen, 
SBenn  bie  ©efaKtgfeit  nur  fic^  }U  ber  ©eftott  nod)  gefedet. 
3d)  Derfidjr'  (Sud),  e^  ift  bent  Bungling  ein  93?abd)en  ge= 

funben, 

155  £)a$  i()nt  bie  fitnftigen  Xage  be^  ^eben^  l)err(id)  erfyeitert, 
Xreu  ntit  Rieibtidier  ^raft  burd)  nUe  ^eiten  ifjm  betftel)t. 
<5o  ein  oodfontntener  Hdrper  ge»)i§  oerroafyrt  aud)  bie 


Pas  <3eitalter.  93 

9?ein,  unb  bie  ritftige  ^ugenb  &erfprid)t  em  glitcftidjeS 
Sitter." 

Unb  e3  fagte  barauf  ber  5Ipott)efer  bebenftid)  : 
,,£ritget  bod)  bfter  ber  ®d)ein!    $d)  mag  bent  Shiftera  160 

nidjt  trauen  ; 

£>enn  id)  t)abe  bad  ®prtcf)n)ort  fo  oft  erprobet  gefunben: 
,@tj'  bit  ben  ©cfyeffet  ®a(j  mit  bent  neuen  33efannten 

oerjeljret, 
Tarfft  bit  nidjt  tetd)ttici)  tt)m  trauen;    bid)  mad)t  bie  3^it 

niir  gemiffer, 
SSie  bu  e^  fjabeft  mit  H)m,  unb  tt)ie  bie  greunbfcfyaft 

befte^e. 

Vaffct  un«^  atfo  jucrft  bei  guten  ^euten  un«  umtun,          165 
ba^  ^abi^en  befannt  ift,  nnb  bie  im$  Don  ifyr 

nun  er^a^Ien." 


id)  fobe  bie  SSorftc^t/'  tierfe^te  ber  ©eiftlicfje 
folgenb; 
in  wir  bod)  nid)t  fttr  un^  !    pr  anbere  fretn  ift  be^ 

benftid)." 

Unb  fie  gingen  barauf  bent  macfern  9?id)ter  entgegen, 
1)er  in  feinen  ©efdja'ften  bie  Strafe  imeber  tjerauffam.   170 
Unb  ^u  it)m  fprad)  fogteid)  ber  ftuge  ^farrer  mit  S3orfic^t: 
ff(£agt  !  nrir  t)aben  ein  sJKabd)en  gefef)n,  ba^  im  ©arten 
Sunad)ft  l)ier 


94  VI.   lilto. 

llnter  bent  Slpfelbaum  fifct  unb  ^inbern  SHeiber  tierfertigt 
Slug  getragnem  £attun,  ber  tt)r  Dermuttid)  gefdjenft  luarb. 
175  Ung  gefiel  bie  ©eftatt;  fie  fdjeint  ber  3Saderen  eine. 
Saget  ung,  wag  $fy  im^t  ;   unr  fragen  aM  (6b(id)er 
Stbfidjt." 

Site,  in  ben  ©orten  ^u  bltcfen,  ber  9?id)ter  fogteid)  nun 

fyequtrat, 
Sagf  er:  ,,5)ie[e  fennet  3fyr  fc^on  ;  benn  menn  id)  er= 


95on  ber  {jerrtic^en  Xat,  bie  fene  ^ungfran  oerridjtet, 
i8o2U3  fie  ba^  ®d)rt)ert  ergrtff  itnb  fid)  unb  bie  3I)ren  be> 

fdjit^te  - 

!Diefe  mor'^  \    $ty  fe^t  ee  it)r  on,  fie  ift  ritftig  geboren, 
Slber  fo  gut  tt)ie  ftarf  ;  benn  ifyren  alien  3?ermanbten 
sj?ifegte  fie  bi^  jum  Xobe,  ba  it)n  ber  jammer  botjinrti? 
ttber  be^  Stabtdjen*  ^ot  unb  feiner  33efitjung  ©efa{)ren. 
i855lud)  mit  ftitfem  ®emiit  t)at  fie  bie  3d)tneqen  ertragen 
Uber  be^  53rautigamg  £ob,  ber,  ein  ebter  Bungling,  im 

erften 
fteuer  beg  I)o^en  ©ebanfeng,  nad)  ebter  ^reit)eit  ^u  ftre= 

ben, 
8etbft  Ringing  nac^  ^artg  unb  ba(b  ben  fdjrecfUdjen  £ob 

fanb; 
3)enn  irie  ju  £aufe,  fo  bort,  beftritt  er  SBHrtitr  unb 


Das  <3eitaltcr.  95 

9llfo  fagte  ber  9Ud)ter.    £)ie  beiben  fd)ieben  imb  banften, 
llnb  ber  ©eiftltdje  jog  ein  ©otbftitd  (ba£  ©itber  be# 


Sar  Dor  einigen  ©tunben  Don  it)tn  fdjon  mitbe  Der= 

fpenbet, 
Stt'g  er  bie  ${itd)tltnge  fat)  in  traurigen  ^wnfen  Dor= 

beijtetjn), 
llnb  er  retcfyf  ex  bem  ©d)ufjen  unb  fagte:  ,,£eitet  ben 

pfennig 

Unter  bie  £)i'trfttgen  au^,unb  (§ott  Derme^re  bie  ®abe!"  195 
Dorf)  e<5  luetgerte  fid)  ber  9)?ann  unb  fagte:  ,,2Bir  ^aben 
9J?and)en  Xater  gerettet  unb  mandje  .tletber  unb  <Sad)en, 
Unb  id)  t)offe,  unr  fefyren  juritd  ,  nod)  e^'  e§  Derjetjrt  tft." 

X>a  oerfe^te  ber  ^farrer  unb  britdt'  ib.m  ba^  ®etb  in 

bie  ^>anb  ein: 

,,v)2iemanb  faume  ju  geben  in  biefen  Xagen,  unb  niemanb  aco 
SBeigre  fid)  an^uneb,men,  wa^  ib,m  bie  9ftt(be  geboten  ! 
Niemanb  meift,  trie  tang'  er  e«  l)at,  ma«  er  ruf)ig  befi^et; 
^ientanb,  inie  tang  er  nod)  in  frentben  ^anben  umtjerjietjt 
Unb  beg  9lder3  entbeljrt  unb  be^  (Gartens,  ber  tb,n  er- 
ncitiret." 

,,(5t  bod)!"  fagte  barauf  ber  2lpot()efer  gefd)a'ftig,          205 
mtr  }e£t  nur  ®etb  in  ber  £afd)e,  fo  fotttet 
fjaben, 


96  VI.  Klio. 

©rof?  wie  flein;  benn  triete  genri$  ber  (guren  bebitrfen'3. 
Unbefcfyenft  bod)  toff  id)  (gud)  nidjt,  bamit  3f)r  ben  S&itten 
©efjet,  rooferne  bie  Xat  and)  fjinter  bem  SSiflen  juriicf^ 

bleibt." 

2io3l(fo  fprac^  er  unb  jog  ben  geftictten  lebernen  33eitte( 
Sin  ben  9?tenten  tjerdor,  roorin  ber  Xobad  t^m  oennaljrt 

tt>ar, 

Offnete  jterti^  unb  teilte;  ba  fonben  ftc^  eintge  ^fetfen. 
,,$Hetn  ift  bie  ®abe/'  fcfet'  er  ba$u.  Do  fogtc  ber 


,,©uter  Xobacf  ift  boc^  bem  SRetfenben  immer  nn((fom= 

men." 
215  Unb  e^  lobte  barauf  ber  Stpotfjefer  ben  Mnafter. 

Slber  ber  ^farrfyerr  jog  i^n  tjinweg,  unb  fie  fdjieben 

Dont  5Rid)ter. 
,,(§Uen  mir!"  fprot^  ber  Derftanbige  SDJann,  ,,e^  martet 

ber  ^iingting 
^einli^.    (gr  pre  fo  f^netl  a(3  mbglic^  bie 


Unb  fie  eitten  unb  !amen  unb  fanben  ben  ^itngting 

gete^net 

220  2ln  ben  Sagen  unter  ben  8inben.    Die  ^ferbe  ^cr* 
ftampften 

ben  9?afen;   er  t)te(t  fie  im 
©ebanfen, 


Das  ^citaltcr.  97 

53(tcfte  ftill  cor  fid)  f)in  unb  fafy  bie  ftveunbe  nid)t  efyer, 
is  fie  fomtnenb  if)n  riefen  unb  frol)lid)e  3eid)en  ^m 
gaben. 

turn  feme  begann  ber  2lpot^efer  ju  fprerfjen; 
Tod)  fie  traten  ttafyer  ^in^u.    X)a  fa^te  ber  ^farrfyerr     225 
©eine  v'panb  unb  fprad)  unb  na^nt  bem  ©efa^rten  ba# 

SBort  meg: 

,,|)et(  btr,  junger  Wlann  !  bein  treue«  $uge,  bein  treue^ 
^at  ridjtig  gema^tt  !    ®Iitcf  btr  unb  bem  SSeibe  ber 


5)einer  ift  fie  inert;   brum  fomm  unb  twenbe  ben  So* 

gen, 

Taft  mir  fa^renb  fog(eid)  bie  (Sde  be^  "Dorfe^  erreidjen,  230 
Urn  fie  irerben  unb  ba(b  nad)  §aufe  fitt)ren  bie  ®ute." 


5(ber  ber  ^i'^fl^wg  ftanb,  unb 

drt'  er  bie  3Borte  be$  ^Boten,  bie  t)imm(ifd)  tnaren  unb 

trijfttid), 
Seuf^ete  tief  unb  fprad):   ,,2Bir  fanten  tnit  ettenbem 


Unb  rt)ir  jie^en  DieWeidjt  befdjamt  unb  (angfam  nad)  235 

§aufe; 
£enn  ^ter  ^at  mid),  feitbem  id)  marte,  bie  @orge  be* 

fatten, 

unb  3Weifel  uni)  a^e^/  Wa*  nur  e' 
franft. 


98  VI.   tflio. 


©Icwbt  $I)r,  roenn  unr  nur  fommen,  fo   merbe  bo$ 

$)Mbd)en  uns  fofgen, 
2Bei(  ttrir  reid)  finb,  abev  fie  arm  unb  Dertrieben  em* 

fyeqtefyt? 

24o2lrmut  felbft  marf)t  ftot"v  bie  itnoerbtente.    ©enitgfam 
Sc^eint  ba^  2)?abrf)en  iinb  tatifl;  unb  fo  gefybrt  il)r  bie 

SBdt  an. 
©taubt  -^l)r,  ee  fei  etn  2Betb  Don  fotdjer  Scf)cin()eit  unb 

©itte 

5lufgeit)acf)ten,  urn  nie  ben  guten  .^tingling  su  rei^en? 
©taubt  .^tyr,  fie  t)abe  bi^  je|t  tfyr  ^)er^  nerfd)(offen  ber 


nid)t  rafd)  bid  fjinan;   luir  mbd)ten  ^u  unfrer 
^Befdjdmung 

adjte   bie    ^?ferbe   I)erum   nad)   ,f)aufe   lenfen.     ^^ 
fitrd)te, 
ein  .^mtgfing  befit3t  biee  ^er^,  unb  bie  nxidere 


(5ingefd)(agen  unb  fdjon  bent  @(itd:(id)en   Irene   t»er= 

fprod^en. 
5(d)!  ba  fteb/  id)  »or  tb,r  mit  meinem  Slntrag  befdjamet." 


250    t$fyn  ju  trbften,  offnete  brauf  ber  ^farrer  ben 
fd)on; 

e$  fie{  ber  ©efab.rte  ntit  fetner  gefpradjigen  2(rt 
ein: 


Das  <5eitalter.  99 

,,greilid)!  fo  uia'ren  nrir  nid)t  tiorjeiten  oerlegen  geroefen, 
£)a  ein  jebed  ®efd)aft  nad)  feiner  Seife  t>ol(bracf)t  toarb. 
fatten  bte  gftern  bie  33raut  fitr  t^ren  So^n  fic^  er[et)en, 
2Sarb  jut)5rbcrft  ein  ^-reunb  dom  §au(e  oertraulid^  255 

geritfen; 

Diefen  fanbte  man  bann  al6  ^reiergmonn  jit  ben  (gtter-n 
t?er  erforenen  ^Braut,  ber  bann  in  ftottlirfjem  ^u^e 
Sonntag^  ettoa  nacf)  Xtfcfje  ben  rtritrbtgen  ^Biirger  be* 

[ud)te, 

^reunblidje  SSorte  mtt  il)m  tnt  oHgemeinen  jUDbrberft 
2Bed)(e(nb,  itnb  flug  ba^  ©efpra'd)  git  lenfen  unb  inenben  260 

tterftefyenb. 
ad)  tangent  Umfdjroetf  luarb  aitc^  ber  2:oc^ter 

erui(it)net, 
r  unb  rittjmlt^  bed  SOtonnS  unb  be§  $aufe6, 

Don  bent  man  gefonbt  war. 

Ceute  mer!ten  bte  5tbfid)t;  ber  fluge  ©efanbte 
SJJerfte  ben  SBiden  gar  balb  unb  fonnte  fid)  roe  tier  er* 

ftaren. 
?e!)nte  ben  Slntrag  man  ab,  fo  rt)ar  aud)  ein  £orb  nic^t  265 

t>erbrteJ3lid). 
5tber  getang  e^  benn  aud),  fo  mar  ber  ftreierSmann  im* 

mer 

3n  bent  ^aufe  ber  (irfte  bei  jebcm  f)aue(id)en  ftcfte; 
"Denn  eS  erinnerte  fid)  burd)^  gan^e  8cben  bad  (St)paar, 
bie  gefdjicfte  ,f)anb  ben  erften  ,fnoten  gefd)(ungen. 


100  VI. 


270.3^  ift  aber  bag  alteg  mit  anbern  guten  ©ebraudjen 
Slug  ber  Sftobe  getommen,  unb  jeber  freit  fur  fief)  felber. 
Stefyme    benn   jeglidjer    aucf)    ben    $orb    mit   etgenen 

§anben, 
£)er  ifym  ettoa  befdjert  ift,  uub  ftefye  befd)dmt  Dor  bem 

9»d)en!" 


3,  )Dte  i^m  auc^  fei!"  Derfe^te  ber 
ber  laum  auf 
bie  SBorte  ge^ort  unb  fcfyon  fid)  im  ftitlen  ent- 

frf)(offen; 

rp@e(ber  ge^'  id^  unb  ttrifl  mein  Sc^icffaf  fetber  erfaljren 
2lu«  bem  90^unbe  be§  9J?abrf)en«,  ju  bem  id^  ba«  grbfjte 

S3ertraueu 
|>ege,  ba^  irgenb  ein  9ftenfrf)  nur  je  ju  bem  2Beibe  ge* 


fie  fagt,  ba^  ift  gut,  eg  ift  oernitnftig,  bag  nietf?  id). 
280  8olt  id)  fie  aud)  jum  te^tenmal  fel)n,  f  o  unit  id)  nod)  ein= 

mal 

£)tefem  offenen  33U(f  beg  fdjumnen  3lugeg  begegnen; 
ill  ben  3J?unb  noc^  feljen,  oon  bem  ein  ®u%  unb  bag 


®lU(flid)  macf)t  auf  ertig,  bag  sJ?ein  mic^  auf  ett)ig  $er- 

ftfiret. 

Slber  la^t  mic^  allein!    3^r  f0^  n^t  warten.    33egebet 
285  (Sucf)  ^u  3Sater  unb  DJZutter  juriicf  ,  bamit  fie  erfaljren, 


Das  £etta(ter.  101 

£>aft  fid)  ber  @ot)n  nid)t  geirrt,  unb  baft  e«  wert  ift,  ba3 


Unb  fo  taftt  mid)  attetn!    £en  ftuftmeg  uber  ben  £w 
Sin  bem  SBirnbaum  l)tn  unb  unfern  SSetnberg  Ijinunter 
©e^'  id)  nafjer  nad)  §aufe  surtid  .    £?,  baft  id)  bie  Xraute 
greubig  unb  fd)ne((  if>n  ftt^rte!    33teUeid)t  and)  ft^teit^'ago 

id)  atteine 
3ene  ^fabe  nad)  |)au«  unb  betrete  frof)  fie  nid)t  wieber." 

SUfo  fprad)  er  unb  gab  bem  geifttidjen  §ervn  bie  3u9e^ 
£)er  oerftanbig  fie  faftte,  bie  fdjaumenben  QfJoffe  be^err* 

fdjenb, 

SdjneH  ben  Sagen  beftieg  unb  ben  @i£  be^  gu^rer^ 
befe^te. 

Slber  bu  jauberteft  nod),  tiorfid)tiger  91ad)bar,  unb  295 

fagteft: 
,,©erne  oertrau'  id),  mein  $reunb,  (5ud)  ©eel'  unb  ©eift 

unb  ©emitt  an: 

Iber  tfeib  unb  ®ebein  ift  nid)t  jum  beften  DertDa^ret, 
2Benn  bie   geiftlidje    §anb  ber  luelttidjen   3»9et  fid) 

anmaftt." 

bu   lad)etteft   brauf,  derftanbiger    ^farrer,  unb 

fagteft: 
nur  ein  unb  getroft  bertraut  mir  ben  Cetb  n)te3<» 

bie  @eele; 


102  VI. 


£)enn  gefdjirft  tft  bie  £wnb  fdjon  lange,  ben  ^itflet  5« 


Unb  ba3  Slugc  geitbt,  bte  fimftttdjfte  Senbung  $u  trcffcn 
£)enn  loir  waven  in  3  trap  burg  gemofint  ben  SKagen  ^u 

tenfen, 
irf)  ben  jungen  ^Baron  ba()in  begteitete;  tcigltd) 

ber  SBagen,  geteitet  Don  mir,  ba^  (jallenbe  Tor 

burd), 

Staubtge  Sege  ^inaud  bi^  fern  }u  ben  Stuen  unb  Vtnben 
3)?ttten  burd)  2(^aren  bevJ  3?o(f$,  ba§  mit  ©pa^teren  ben 

Xag  tebt." 


getrbftet  beftteg  barauf  ber  v)?ad)bar  ben  SBagen, 
ir»te  etner,  ber  fic^  jinn  metdlt^en  Sprunge  berettet; 
3io  Unb  bie  §ett91*te   vannten   nad)    ©aufe,  begteng   be«s 


3(ber  bie  SBoIfe  be^  5taub8  quo((  unter  ben  madjtigen 


i^ange  nod)  ftanb  ber  -Bungling  unb  fa()  ben  2taub  fid) 

erfjeben, 

ben  <2taub  fid^  ^crftreun;   fo  ftanb  er  o^ne  ®e^ 
banfen. 


*ie  ber  wanbernbe  Sftann,  ber  dor  bem  Sinfen  ber 

Sonne 
<gie  nod)  einmat  in£  2luge,  bie 

fafte, 

T)ann  tm  bunfetn  ©ebitfc^  unb  an  ber  ©eite  beg 
2d)meben  fieb,et  ib,r  ^BUb;   roofyin  er  bie  4B(icfe  nur 

wenbet, 
(5i(et  e^  tior  unb  gtan^t  unb  fc^wanft   in 

garben: 
@o  bewegte  Dor  ^ermann  bie  Ueblicfye  ^Bilbung 


5anft  fid)  Dorbei  unb  f^icn  bem  ^fab  in«  ©etretbe  ju 

fotgen. 
Stber  er  fut|r  au«  bem  ftaunenben  Xraum  auf,  wenbete 

langfam 

103 


104  VII.   <£rato. 


bem  £orfe  fid)  ju  unb  ftaunte  uneber;  benn  inteber 
10  f  am  ifjm  bie  Ijotje  ©eftalt  beS  ljerr(id)en  3ftabd)en3  ent= 

gegen. 

$eft  betradjtet'  er  fie;  e$  roar  fein  2rf)etnbi(b,  fie  war  eg 
groperen  5trug  unb  einen  fleinern  am 


jtragenb  in  jegUdjer  |)anb,  fo  fdjritt  fie  gefdjaftig 


Unb  er  ging  ifjr  frenbig  entgegen.     (53  gab  ifym  i^r 

Stnbticf 

SJhtt  unb  ^raft;  er  fprad)  $u  feiner  3?erwunberten  alfo: 
,,^inb'  id)  bid),  ittadereS  9)?abd)en,  fo  balb  auf^  nene 

befd)iifttgt, 
^)ilfreid)  anbern  311  fetn  unb   gern  ju    erquiden  bie 


',  toantm  fommft  bu  aUein  jum  Cuett,  ber  bod) 

fo  entfernt  liegt, 
£>a    fid)    anbere    bod)    mit  bem   SBaffer   be«   ^orfe^ 

begnitgen  ? 

ilid)  ift  bte^  oott  befonberer  ^raft  unb  Iteb(id)  511 
f  often. 

£ranfen  bringft  bu   e3  tto^f,  bie  bu  treulid) 
gerettet?" 

greunblid)  begrii^te  fog(eid)  ba3  gute  3)Zabd)en  ben 
^imgting, 


Dorothea.  105 

ad):  ,,@o  ift  fdjon  fjier  ber  Seg  mtr  sum  33runnen 

betofynet, 

£a  id)  finbe  ben  ($uten,  ber  un3  fo  t>iele$  gereidjt  t)at; 
•Denn  ber  Slttblicf  be$  ©eber^  ift  toie  bie  ©aben  er- 


f  ommt  unb  fetjet  bod)  fetber,  toer  Sure  SO^ttbe  genoffen, 
Unb  empfcmget  ben  rn^igen  !Danf  don  alien  (Srqnirften. 
-3^r  a^er  fogfetd)  oerne^met,  marum  id)  gelommen, 
gu  fd)dpfen,  mo  rein  unb  unabtoffig  ber  OueK 


'  id)  (Sud)  bte«:  e^  fyaben  bie  unt»orfid)tigen 

SSaffer  getrubt  tm  3)orfe,  mtt  ^ferben  unb  Od)fen 
©teid)  burdjiuotenb  ben  Oueft,  ber  SBaffer  bringt  ben 

33ett>ol)nern. 

Unb  fo  ^aben  fie  aud)  ntit  3Safd)en  unb  9?einigen  atle 
Xrbge  be§  S)orfeg  befdjntu^t  unb  affe  ^3runnen  befubelt; 
£)enn  ein  jeglidjer  benft  nurr  fid)  felbft  unb  ba^  nad)fte  35 


Sd)neII  ju  befrieb'gen  unb  rafd),  unb  ntd)t  be^  gotgenben 
benft  er." 

5ltfo  fprad)  fie  unb  mar  bie  breiten  (Stufen  l)inunter 
Wit  bem  ®eg(eiter  getangt;   unb  auf  ba§  9)Za'uerd)en 
fe^ten 

fid)  nieber  best  Quells.    @ie  beugte  fid)  iiber,  ju 
fd)b'|)fen; 


106  VII.   (Erato. 

4oltnb  er  faj^te  ben  anberen  ®rug  unb  beugte  fid)  itber. 
Unb   fie  fafyen  gefpiegett  ifyr  33Ub  in  ber  33(aue 


imb  nicften  fid)  $u  unb  gritjften  fid)  freunb* 
lid)  im  Spiegel. 

,,8afe  mid)  trinfen,"  fogte  barouf  ber  fyeitere  Bungling; 
Unb  fie  reidjf  it)m  ben  ^rug.    £)ann  rul)ten  fie  beibe, 

tiertrautid) 
4s2luf  bte  ©efafee  getetjnt;  fie  aber  fogte  jum  ^reunbe: 

,  ttrie  finb'  id)  bic^  ^ier  unb  ofyne  SBagen  unb 


gerne  oom  Ort,  mo  id)  erft  bid)  gefetjn?  wie  bift  bu 
gefomtnen?" 

!Denfenb  fc^aute  ^erntann  jut  (Srbe,  bann  t)ob  er  bie 

®(Ufe 

ig  gegen  fie  auf  unb  fa^  iijr  freunblic^  in£  5luge, 
fid)  ftill  unb  gerroft.    3'e^0(^  ty*  tion  ^ie^e  iu 
fpre^en, 
iir'  iljm  unmoglid)  gemefen  ;    i^r  Sluge  blirfte  nic^t 


5lber  fjetlen  SBerftanb,  unb  gebot,  iierftanbig  ju  reben. 
Unb  er  faftte  fic^  fdjnelt  unb  fagte  trautid)  ^um  9}?dbd)en: 
,,^afe  mid)  reben,  mein  ®inb,  unb  beine  ^rngen  ent)tbern. 
55  "Deinetwegen  fant  ic^  ^ier^er!  ma^  foil  id)'3  tierbergenV 
J)enn  id)  lebe  begtiicft  mit  beiben  liebenben  (gttern, 


,,£afj  mid?  trtnfen,"  fagte  barauf  bcr  tjeitere  Bungling. 

—  VII,  43. 


Dorothea.  107 


£enen  id)  treutid)  ba$  §au$  unb  bie  ©liter  fyelfe  Der- 

ttatten, 

2tt3  ber  ein^ige  @of)n,  unb  unfre  ©efdjafte  finb  uietfacf). 
3Ute  getber  beforg'  id);  ber  33ater  maltet  tm  ^oufe 
gtet^tg;  bie  tatige  Gutter  belebt  tm  ganjen  bie  SSirt= 

ftftft 

5lber  bit  I)aft  gerai^  auc^  erfa^ren,  inie  fe^r  ba^  ©efittbe 
53a(b  burrf)  Ceic^tfinn  unb  batb  burd)  Untreu  ptoget  bie 

|)au3frait, 
^turner  fie  nbttgt  ju  toedjfeln  unb  ^ef)(er  urn  ^etjler  ju 

taufd)en. 
?ange  niiinf^te  bie  Gutter  bal)er  jic^  ein  9)?abd)en  hn 


mit  ber  £wnb  nid)t  atlein,  ba«*  aud)  mit  bem 

if>r  plfe, 

ber  Jotter  ©tatt,  ber  teiber  fru^e  dertornen. 
,  al3  id)  ^eut'  am  SBagen  bid)  fat),  in  frofyer  ®e* 

nianbtfyeit, 
Sat)  bie  Starfe  be^  2lrm3  unb  bie  oolte  ©efunb^eit  ber 

®fieber, 
511^  id)  bie  SBorte  oernat)m,  bie  oerftanbigen,  trar  id) 

betroffen, 
Unb  id)  eitte  nad)  §aufe'  ^en  GItcrn  unb  greunben  bie  7« 

grembe 

^itt)menb  nact)  i^rem  S5erbienft.     ^un  fomm'  id)  Mr 
aber  ^u  fagen, 


108  VII.   (grato. 


fie  nriinfdjen,  nrie  id).    ^erjeil)'  mir  bie  ftotternbe 
SKebe." 


,,@rf)eiiet  (Sud)  nidjt,"  fo  fagte  fie  brauf,  ,rba«  SBeitre 

311  fpredjen; 

3<f)r  beleibigt  mid)  nidjt,  id)  fjab'  e$  banfbar  empfunben. 
75@agt  eg  nur  grab'  ^erau«;  mirf|  fann  ba§  SSort  nicfjt 

erfiijrecfen: 
^)ingen  modjtet  3f>r  mirf)  aid  9J?agb  fur  SJater  unb 

Gutter, 

3u  Derfefjen  ba^  §au^,  ba«  tt)of)ter^a(ten  (Surf)  baftefjt  ; 
llnb  -3^r  glaubet  an  mir  ein  titrf)tige§  3J?a'bd)en  511  finben, 
3u  ber  3lrbeit  gefd)icft  unb  nid^t  oon  rodent  ©emitte. 
so  @uer  2lntrag  war  furj  ;  f  o  folt  bie  5tntmort  aurf)  fur^  fetn. 
Sa,  id^  ge^e  mit  (5u^  unb  fotge  bent  9^ufe  be«  Sd)idfate. 
DJJeine  ^fltc^t  ift  erfiidt,  i(^  ^abe  bie  Sranf(icf)e  iDieber 
$u  ben  3t)refi  gebrad)t,  fie  freuen  fidj  a((e  ber  9Jettung  ; 
n  finb  bie  meiften  betfammen,  bie  iibrigen  toerben 

firf)  finben. 

ben!en  geit)i^,  in  fur^en  Xagen  jur  §eimat 
3Bieberpfe{)ren  ;  fo  pffegt  fii^  ftet«  ber  33ertriebne  ju 


Slber  id)  taufc^e  mi^  nic^t  mit  tetdjter  ^offnung  in  biefen 
Straurtgen  £agen,  bie  un«<  nod)  traurige  £age  oerfpredjen; 

gelbft  finb  bie  23anbe  ber  SBett  ;  tuer  Initpfet  fie 

niieber 


Dorothea.  109 

WU  attein  nur  Me  NJJot,  bie  f)b'd)fte,  Me  un£  beDorftefyt!     90 
$ann  id)  im  §aufe  be£  nntrbigen  Cannes  mid)  biettenb 

erncifyren 

Unter  ben  2lugen  ber  trefftidjen  $rau,  fo  tu'  id)  eS  gerne  ; 
"Denn  ein  manbernbe^  9)?iibd)en  ift  tmmer  Don  f^wan- 

fenbem  9?ufe. 

.^a,  id)  get)e  mit  (Slid),  fobalb  id)  bie  ^ritge  ben  $rennben 
Siebergebrad)t  iinb  nod)  mir  ben  ©egen  ber  ©uten  er*  95 

beten. 
ftomnit!    3^r  mitffet  fie  fefyen  unb  mid^  bon  ifjnen 

empfangen." 


t)brte  ber  ^^Qting  be^  wiUigen 


3tneifelnb,  ob  er  tyr  nun  bie  2Bafjrf)eit  fottte  geftel)en. 
Slber  e3  fd)ien  iljm  ba£  befte  311  fetn,  in  bem  SBatjn  fie  gu 

(affenr 
3n  fein  §au$  fie  ju  fit^ren,  ^u  roerben  um  ^iebe  nur  100 

bort  erft. 
2ld) !  unb  ben  gotbenen  9Jing  erbticft'  er  am  fthtger  be^ 


Unb  fo  Heft  er  fie  fpredjen  unb  fyorcfyte   ftetpig   ben 
Morten. 


M8afjt  un«/'  futjr  fie  nun  fort,  ,,jurii(fe  fefjren! 
SJiabdjen 


110  VII.  <£rato. 

SSerben  immer  getabelr,  bie  lange  beim  SBrunnen  t>er= 

tvetten  ; 
io5llnb  bodj  tft  e§  am  rinnenben  Cued    fo  (ieb(irf)  511 


2Hfo  ftanben  fie  aiif  itnb  frfjauten  betbe  nocf)  einmal 
$n  ben  53runnen  gitritcf,  unb  fii^eS  33er(angen  ergriff 
fie. 

^cfyroetgenb  nal)m  fie  barauf  bte  beiben  .^ritge  betm 


(Stieg  bie  Stitfen  ^inanr  unb  ^ermann  folgte  ber  ?teben. 
iio(5men  ^rug  nertangt'  er  tion  Hjr,  bie  Sitrbe  jit  tetten. 
,,Sa^t  i^n,"  fprac^  fie  ;  ,,e3  tragt  fief)  beffer  bie  gleic^ere 

Saft  fo. 
llnb  ber  §err,  ber  fiinftig  befie^tt,  er  foil  mir  nirfjt 

bienen. 
@ef)t  midj  fo  ernft  nic^t  an,  ate  ttmre  mein 

bebenfli^  ! 
Bienen  (erne  beijeiten  ba^  Seib  nac^  i^rer 

mung  ; 
nSX)enn  burd^    Bienen  atlein    gelangt    fie  enb(id)    j 


3u  ber  oerbienten  ©en)alt,  bie  bod)  il)r  im  ©aufe  ge^bret. 
SMenet  bie  Scfjiuefter  bem  ^3ruber  bod)  friif),  fie  bienet 

ben  (Sttern, 
llnb  i^r  ^eben  ift  immer  ein  enrigeS  @ef)en  unb  H  ommen, 


Dorothea.  Ill 

Ober  em  v*peben  unb  Xragen,  33ereiten  unb  @d)affen  fitr 

anbre. 
2Bot)l  ifyr,  tt>enn  fie  barcm  fid)  getoofynt,  baft  fein  23kg  il)r  120 

gu  fauer 
3Birb,  unb  bte  'Stunben  ber  57arf)t  ifyr  finb  tote  bte 

©titnben  bei  Xage^, 
tf)r  ntemal^  bte  Arbeit  ju  ftetn  unb  bte  v^abet  311 

fetn  bitnft, 

fie  fief)  a,an$  oevgt^t  nnb  teben  mag  nur  in  anbern! 
old  SKutter,  fitrwa^r,  bebarf  fie  ber  Jngenben 
a((e; 

^ifl  banner  oerbunben  ertritgen  nid)t  biefe  ^8t-  125 
fd)it>erbe, 
Unb  fie  fatten  e§  nid)t  ;  bod)  folten  fie  banfbar  e^  einfe^n." 

Sltfo  fprad)  fie  nnb  mar  mit  tf)rem  ftiUen  33eg(etter 
ben  ©arten  gefomtnen  bt^  an  bie  Xenne  ber 


253o  bie  fran!e  gran  tag,  bie  fie  frof)  mit  ben  £5d)tern 

oerlaffen, 
gevetteten  9)Zdbd)en,  ben  fdjonen  ^Bitbern  ber  i30 

Unfcfiulb. 

traten  fjinein  ;  unb  non  ber  anberen  Seite 
Xrat,  ein  tinb  an  jegltcfjer  $anb,  ber  l;}fid)ter  jngletd) 

ein. 
X)iefe  waren  bt^{)er  ber  jammernben  Gutter  Dertoren  ; 


112  VII.  <£rato. 

Slber  gefunben  fyatte  fie  nun  im  ©enn'mmel  ber  Sllte. 
isstlnb  fie  fprangen  mit  £uft,  Me  liebe  Gutter  311  graven, 
@id)  be3  33ruber3  311  freun,  be$  unbefannten  ©efpiefen  ! 
2Iuf  ^orot^een    fprangen    fie  bann  nnb    gritJ3ten  fie 

freunblic^, 

33rot  derlangenb  nnb  ^bft,  oor  aftem  aber  ^u  trinfen. 
llnb   fie  reidjte  bo^  SBaffer  ^ernm.     £>a  tranfen  bte 

ftinber, 
140  Unb  bte  ^ronflicfye  tranf  mit  ben  Xb^tern,  fo  tranf  and) 

ber  9?id)ter. 

Side  maren  gele^t  unb  lobten  ba^  b,errlid)e  SBoffer  ; 
©auerlid)  tuor'g  nnb  erquicflid),  gefunb  311  trinfen  ben 

StRenf^en. 

!Do  toerfefcte  ba^  SOJabdjen  ntit  ernften  53(tcfen  unb 

fagte  : 
,,^reunbe,  biefeS  ift  niot)(  ba^  (e^te  9J?aI,  ba^  id)  ben 


i45  gub,re  jum  3)?unbe,  ba£  id)  bte  ^'ippen  mit  SBaffcr  (5ud) 

ne^e; 

Stber  menu  (5ud)  fortan  am  ^ei^en  Xoge  ber  Xrunf  (abt, 
3Benn  Sfy  im  @d)atten  ber  9?ul)'  unb  ber  reinen  Oueden 

genie^et, 

gebenfet  and)    mein  unb  meine^    freunbltrfjen 


!Den  id)  au^  Siebe  meb,r  a(^  au^  3?enuanbtfd)aft  getetftet. 


Dorothea.  113 

l)r  tnir  ®ute$  erjetgt,  erfenn'  id)  burd)$  funftige  iSO 

£eben. 
llngern  taff  id)  Surf)  $tDar ;  bod)  jeber  ift  bieSmal  bem 

anbern 
2ftel)r  jur  £aft  al$  sum  Xroft,  unb  atte  mitffen  wir 

enbltd) 
Und  im  fremben  ^anbe  jerftreun,  menn  bie  9?it(ffe^r  Der* 

fagt  tft. 
2et)t,  ^ter  fte^t  ber  ^u^Qting,  bem  n.nr  bie  (9aben  Der* 

batt!en, 

X)iefe  ^)iitle  be£  ^inb^  unb  jene  tm'dfommeue  epeife.      155 
^tefer  fommt  unb  mirbt,  in  fetnem  ."pau^  mid)  $tt  fe^en, 
Dap  id)  biene  bafetbft  ben  reidjen  trefftidjen  GItern  ; 
Unb  id)  fdjlag'  e^  nidjt  ab  ;    benn  iiberatt  bienet  ba# 

SERiibdjen, 

Unb  ifjr  mare  jur  ?aft,  bebient  im  |)aufe  ju  rut)en. 
Slffo  fotg'  id)  ifym  gern ;  er  |~d)eint  ein  oerftanbiger  ^^fl5 16° 

ling, 

Unb  fo  Uierben  bie  (Sttern  esJ  fein,  inie  9?eid)en  ge^iemet. 
Darum  (ebet  nun  tuot)!,  getiebte  greunbin,  nnb  freuet 
Gud)  be$  lebenbigen  8ciug(ing^,  ber  fd)on  fo  gefunb  @ud) 

anblicft. 

X)ritdet  ^fyr  itjn  an  bie  ^Bruft  in  biefen  farbigen  Sicfeln, 
Or  fo  ge^enfet  be«  ^i^^ing^,  be^  guten,  ber  fie  un§  165 

reidjte, 
Unb  ber  fitnftig  and)  mid),  bie  Chire,  nafjret  unb  fteibet. 


114  VII.   (Erato. 

Unb  3f)r,  treffticfjer  9ftann,"  fo  fprad)  fie  geiuenbet  $um 


,,£)abet  £anf,  baft  3^r  2?ater  mtr  mart  in  mancfyertei 
fallen." 

llnb  fie  fntete  barauf  jur  guten  ftranftidjen  nieber, 
bie  rteinenbe 


5lber  bu  fagteft  tnbe^,  e^rwiirbiger  ffiidjter,  ,u  ©er- 

mann  : 
,,33UItg  fetb  3i)r,  o  greunb,  311  ben  guten  Strten  p 

3  at)  ten, 
X'te  mtt  titrfjtigett  9)?enfd)en  ben  §anef)a(t  511  fiitjren 

beboc^t  finb. 

i(^  f)abe  tuotjl  oft  gefefjn,  bap  man  $tinber  unb 


175  So  nne  Sc^afe  genait  bet  Jaufrf)  unb  ©anbet  betractjtet  ; 
Slber  ben  ^Jlenfc^en,  ber  atte^  erfyatt,  menn  er  titcf)tig  unb 

gut  ift, 
Unb    ber  afle3    ^erftreut  unb    jerftort    burt^    fa(fd)ee 

33egtnnen, 
X)tefen  ntmmt  man  nur  fo  auf  ®Iiicf  unb 

§oM  ein, 

Unb  bereuet  ju  fpat  ein  iibereittee  (Sntf 
i8o2(ber  e^  ft^eint,  ^tjr  t)erfte^t'«f  ;    benn  3tjr  ^abt  ein 
ennafylet, 


Dorothea.  115 


311  bienen  im  £mu3  unb  (Suren  (SItern,  ba3  brao  ift. 
£altet  fie  aio()(  !    $l)r  tterbet,  fo  tang  fie  ber  Sirtfdjaft 

fid)  anttimmt, 
9Md)t  bie  Sdjroefter  tiermiffen,  nod)  (Sure  (gltern  bie 

Xodjter." 

SStete  famen  inbe^,  ber  ^ranfUdjen  nafje  3Sern)anbte, 
9J?and)e^  brtngenb  unb  ifjv  bie  be  [fere   2Bot)nung  t3er*  185 

fitnbenb. 
Side  Dernatjmen  be^  9ftabd)en3  (5ntfcf)Iu§  unb  fegneten 


t  bebeutenben  ^3ttcfen  unb  mil  befonbern  ©ebanfen. 

fo  fagte  tuof)(  eine  ^ur  anbern  flu^tig  cms  OI)r 

l)tn  : 
,,3Senn  au3  bent  ^>errn  etn  ^Briiutigam  nrirb,  fo  ift  fie 

geborgen." 

§ermann  fa§te  barauf  fie  bet  ber  £wnb  an  unb  fagte  :     190 
,,$afj  un«^  gel)en  ;  e^  neigt  fic^  ber  Jag  unb  fern  ift  ba$ 

©tabtdjen." 
?ebt)aft  gefprac^ig    umannten    barauf    Twotfyeen    bie 

SBeibcr. 

Hermann  jog  fie  fyinuieg  ;  noc^  oiele  ©ritfee  befall  fie. 
5tber  ba  fielen  bie  Slinber  ntit  ®d)rein  unb  entfe£(id)ent 

SBeinen 
3?^v  in  bie  $Ieiber  unb  rtoKten  bie  jlpeite  Gutter  nic^t  195 

laffen. 


116  VII.   <£rato. 

2lber  ein'  unb  bie  anbre  ber  35?eiber  fagte  gebietenb  : 
„  Stifle,  &inber !    fie  gef)t  in  bie  Stabt  unb  bringt  eucb, 

beg  guten 

3utferbrote^  genug,  bad  eud)  ber  33ritber  beftedte, 
511^  ber  Storrf)  it)n  jiingft  beim  ^ucferbacfer  oorbeitrug, 
200  Unb  tt)r  feb.et  fie  batb  mit  ben  fc^iJn  tiergofbeten  Teuten." 
Unb   fo  lie^en  bie  £inber  fie  lod,  unb  ^ermann  entrif? 

fie 
ben  Umarmitngen  faum  unb  ben  ferneminfenben 

Xiidjern. 


UTelpomene. 


unb  $oroti)ea. 

2Ufo  gingen  bie  ^roei  entgegen  ber  finfenben  <Sonne, 
£>ie  in  SSolfen  fid)  tief,  genritterbrofyenb,  DerfyUltte, 

bem  Sc^teier,  balb  ^ier  ba(b  bort,  mit  gtiifienben 


itber  ba^  getb  bie  af)nung^Do(Ie  33e(eud)tung. 
,,9)?oge  ba^  bro^enbe  ^Better,"  fo  fagte  §ermatttt,  ,,nic^t  s 

etina 
8c^(oBen  un^  bringen  iinb  fyeftigen  ©uj?  ;  benn  fd)on  ift 

bie  (Srnte." 

Unb  fie  freuten  fid)  beibe  be^  ^o^en,  roanfenben  ^orne^, 
•Da*  bie  3)urcf)fd)reitenben  faft,  bie  fjotjen  ©eftatten,  er^ 

reic^te. 

Unb  e«  fagte  barauf  ba3  9J?abd)en  ^unt  (eitenben  ^rennbe  : 
,,©nter,  bem  ic^  sunadjft  ein  freunblid)  Sc^icffal  oerbanfe,  10 

117 


118  VIII.   JlTelpomenc. 


unb  $ad),  menu  tm  greien  fo  mandjem  SBertriebnen 

ber  Sturm  braut, 
©aget  mir  je^t  Dor  attem  unb  ferret  bie  Crltern  mid) 

fetmen, 
^enen  id)  fi'mftig  311  btenen  Don  ganger  £ee(e  geneigt 

bin  ; 
®enn  fennt  |emonb  ben  |)errn,  fo  fann  er  ifym  (eid)ter 

genng  tun, 
Senn  er  bte  £)inge  bebenft,  bte  jenem  bie  wtdjttgften 

fdjeinen, 

Unb  auf  bte  er  ben  ©inn,  ben  feftbeftimmten,  gefe^t  ^at. 
X^arum  faget  mir  bod)  :   mte   genrinn'  id)  initer  unb 


Unb  e$  oerfe^te  bagegen  ber  gute,  Derftanbige  Bungling  : 
,,O,  ttrie  geb'  id)  bir  red)t,  bu  f(uge£,  treff(id)ee  2)?cibd)en, 
5>aj?  bu  juoorberft  bid)  nad)  bent  <2tnne  ber  (Sltern  be= 

frageft  ! 

IDenn  fo  ftrebf  id)  bisfjer  oergeben^,  bent  53ater  }u  bienen, 
id)  ber  SSirtfdjaft  mid)  a(«J  tnie  ber  meiuigen  an= 


ben  SWer  unb  fpat  unb  fo  beforgenb  ben  Seinberg. 
9)Zeine  Gutter  befriebigf  id)  mol)(,  fie 


25  Unb  fo  nrirft  bu  t^r  and)  ba«  trefflidjfte  9J?abd)en 
fdjeinen, 


£)ermann  unb  Dorothea.  119 


$S3enn  tm  ba$  £>au3  beforgft,  al$  ttienn  bit  ba3  beine  be- 

badjteft. 
5lber  bem  23ater  nidjt  fo  ;  benn  biefer  Uebet  ben  @d)em 

and). 

©ute§  9UMbd)en,  fyalte  mid)  ntdjt  fitr  fait  imb  gefittjtlo^, 
SBetin  it^  ben  $ater  btr  fogleti^,  ber  ^remben,  entfyittte. 
$a,  id)  fdjtuijr'  c«,  ba3  erfte  9J?Ql  iff  8,  ba^  fret  ntir  ei 


SSort  bie  ^itnge  tterla^t,  bie  nidjt  §u  fc^nio^en  getuo^nt 

ift; 

5Iber  bit  tocfft  ntir  ^erdor  oM  ber  33rttft  ein  jebe«  2Ser- 

trauen. 

(Stnige  ^ierbe  tterlangt  ber  gnte  33ater  im  Seben, 
S5?imfrf)et  cmftere  3e^en  feer  ^tebe,  fo  tone  ber  3?er- 

ef)ritng, 
Unb  er  iniirbe  oielleii^t  t»om  fcfjlec^teren  Wiener  be=ss 

friebigt, 
bie«  nritBte  ^n  ntt^en,  ttnb  iwitrbe  bem  befferen  gram 

fein." 


grettbtg  fagte  fie  brauf,  gugteirf)  bie  frfjnetferen 
X)urc^  ben  bttnfelnben  ^fab  derboppetnb  mit  leister  ^Be= 

iDegung  : 

,,^3eibe  jufammen  fjoff  id)  fttrtoaljr  jufrtcbcn  ju  ftcfien  ; 
!Denn  ber  Gutter  @inn  ift  urie  mein  eigeneg  SBefen,      40 
Unb  ber  au^eren  3ierbe  bin  id)  con  ^ugenb  nid)t  frembe. 


120  VIII.   IHcIpomcnc. 

Unfere  iftad)barn,  bie  ^ranfen,  in  ifjren  fritfyeren  ^eiten 
§telten  ouf  §oflid)feit  Diet  ;  fie  mar  bem  gMen  itnb 

33i'trger 
Sie  ben  33auern  gemein,  unb  jeber  empfafil  fie   ben 

Seinen. 

45  Unb  fo  brad)ten  bei  und  auf  beutfdjer  2eite  geroofjnfid) 
bie  Stnber  be^  3Korgen*  mit  ^ftnbeftiffen  unb 


ben  (Sltern  unb  I)telten  fittHdj  ben  lag 


J,  wad  id)  geternt  unb  mad  id)  Don  jung  auf  geroot)nt 

bin, 
Sad  tion  ,t)erjen  mir  gefjt,  ic^  mill  eo  bem  3Uten  er= 

^eigen. 
5o2lber  roer  fagt  mir  nunmetjr  :  mie  foil  id)  bir  felber  be= 

gegnen, 
ir,  bem  etn.jtgen  @ot)n  unb  fitnftig  meinem  ©ebieter?" 


2llfo  fprarf)  fie,  unb  eben  gelangten  fie  unter  ben  2M 

bautn. 

£errlid)  glftttjte  ber  sJO?onb,  ber  ootte,  Dom  ^immel  tjer^ 
unter  ; 
mar'd,  »o((ig  bebecft   bad  le^te  Sc^immern  ber 


55  Unb  f  o  lagen  tior  ifynen  in  9)?affen  gegeneinanber, 
?id)ter,  fjeU  mie  ber  Xag,  unb  Sdjarten  bunfeler  x^(id)te. 


Hermann  unb  Dorothea.  121 


Unb  e£  fyb'rte  bie  ftrage,  bie  freunblidje,  gent  in  bem 

Sdjatten 
^ermann  be$  Ijerrlidjen  33aum#  am  Orte,  ber  ifym  fo 

lieb  tt>ar, 

Ter  nod)  Ijeute  bie  Xranen  urn  feine  33ertrtebne  gefefyen. 
Unb  inbem  fie  fid)  nieber  ein  tuenig  p  ru^en  gefe^et,       60 
3agte  ber  liebenbe  ^itngting,  bie  £wnb  be^  ITRcibdjen^ 

ergreifenb  : 
,,£aj}  bein  §erj  btr  e3  fagen  unb  folg'  i^m  frei  nur  in 

attem.'' 

Slber  er  magte  fein  tneitere§  SBort,  fo  fefyr  and)  bie  ©tunbe 
©itnftig  inar  ;  er  fiird)tete,  nur  ein  sj?ein  ju  ereiten, 
2W),  unb  er  f  itt)(te  ben  9?ing  am  finger,  ba^  fd)mers(id)e  65 

3eid)en, 

5ltfo  fapen  fie  ftifl  unb  fd)it>eigenb  nebeneinanber  ; 
5lber  ba^  9)Zabd)en  begann  unb  fagte  ;  ,,SBte  finb'  id)  be3 


."perrtidjen  Sd)ein  fo  fit§  !  er  ift  ber  flarljeit  be« 

g(eid). 
'  id)  bod)  bort  in  ber  Stabt  bie  §aufer  beutlid)  unb 


bem  ©iebet  ein  ^enfter  ;  mid)  beudjt,  id)  30^(6  bie  70 
©djeiben." 


bu  fiefyft,"  oerfe^te  barauf  ber  gefyaltcne  Bung- 
ling, 


122  VIII.   melpomene. 


,,!Da8  ift  unfere  SSoljnung,  in  bie  id)  rtieber  bid)  fiifyre, 
llnb  bieS  $enfter  bort  ift  meineS  Dimmers  *in  Q&fyt, 
tiiefletdjt  ba$  beine  nun  nrirb  ;  nrir  oeranbern  int 


gelber  finb  unfer,  fie  retfen  jur  ntorgenben  Grnte. 
tm  Sd)atten  aiofien  lt>ir  rul)n  unb  be^  3)?af)(e3  ge- 

nie^en. 
Slber  ta^    un3   nunme^r   t)inab   burc^  Seinberg   unb 

®arten 
©teigen  ;  benn  fief),  e3  ritdt  ba§  fdjtuere  ©e  nutter  {jer* 

itber, 
2Better(euc^tenb   unb  batb  Derfd)Iingenb   ben  (ieblidjen 

SSottmonb." 
so  Unb  fo  ftauben  fie  auf  unb  manbelten  niebev  ba^  ^-e(b 

f)tn 
®urd)  bo^  mad)ttge  torn,  ber  nci^ttidjen  ^(ar()ett  fid) 

freuenb  ; 
Unb  fie  nwren  ,^um  SSeinberg  gelangt  unb  traten  tn^ 

£>unfef. 

Unb  fo  (eitef  er  fie  bie  trielen  flatten  f)tnunter, 
£)te,  unbefjauen  gelegt,  aB  Stufen  bienten  int  £aubgang. 
fc^ritt  fie  fyinab,  auf  feinen  edjultern    bie 


Unb  mit  fc^n)an!enben  £icf)tern  burd)«  ?aub  itberblicfte 
ber  9J?onb  fie, 


iangfam  fcfyrttt  fie  tjinab,  auf  fcinctt  5d?ultern  Me  f^Sttbc. 

—  VIII,  85. 


I}ermann  unb  Dorothea.  123 

(SI)'  er,  non  Settent>o(fen   umfyitflt,  im  £unfetn  ba3 


ftit^te  ber  (Starfe  ba$  2ftabd)en,  ba$  itber  iljn 
Merging  ; 

5lber  fie,  unfunbig  be^  ®tetg«  unb  ber  rofjeren  ®titfett, 
i^etjlte  tretenb,  e^  !nad  te  ber  gu§,  fie  brofjte  ^u  fatten.  90 
(Silig   ftrecfte  geiuanbt  ber  finnige   ^timjKng   ben  Strm 


empor  bie  ©etiebte  ;    fie  fan!  tfym  leif  auf  bie 
Sdjulter. 


fie  dert)et)(te  ben  Srfjmerj  unb  fagte  bie 

ben  SBorte: 

bebeutet  33erbritB,  fo  fagen  bebenf(id)e  Ceute, 
2Benn  betm  Gintritt    tn^   ^>au^   ntd)t    fern  Don  bergs 

(£d)tt)ette  ber  $u§  fnacft. 
^)att'  id)  ntir  bod)   fitnuafyr  ein  beffere^  ,3e^en  W'- 

it)imfd)et  ! 
^ap  nn^  ein  rcenig  Derweifen,  bamit  bid)  bie  (iltern  nid)t 

tabeln 
3Begen  ber  l)infenben  9Wagb,  unb  ein  fd)Ied)ter  SBirt  bu 

erfdjeineft." 


Urania. 


,  bie  3<f)r  fo  gern  bie  fyeqtidje  £iebe  begimfrigt, 
3Uif  bem  $Bege  bisfyer  ben  treffltdjen  $  tingling  gefeitet, 
^)elfet  auc^  ferner  ben  ^Bunb  be^  (iebticfyen  ^aare«  tiott- 

enben, 
Xeitet  bie  SSotfen  fog(eid),  bie  itber  ifyr  ©litd  fic^  Ijerauf* 


5  Slber  [aget  Dor  aUem,  maS  je^t  im  §au[e  gef  djteljet. 

Ungebufbig  betrat  bie  9J?utter  $um  brittenmat  tuieber 
@rf)on  ba§  3^tnmer  ^er  SJifitiner,  ba^  forg(id)  erft  fie.oer* 

taffen, 
8pred)enb   dom  na()en  ©emitter,  oom  fc^neden  3?er- 

bunfetn  be§  9J?onbe^; 

t»om  SUtRenMeiben  be^  Sot)n^  nnb  ber  TOidjte 

©efa^ren; 

124 


2lusfid?t.  125 

Xobcltc  lebtjaft  bie  greunbe,  baft,  oljne  baS  Sftabdjen  gu  w 

fpredjen, 
Ofyne  511  toerben  fitr  tfjn,  fie  fo  balb  fid)  bom  Bungling 

getrennet. 


,,9ttadje  nirf)t  fd)Ummer  ba(&  libel!"  Derfe^f  unmuttg 
ber  2?ater; 
bu  fieljft,  lt)ir  Barren  ja  fetbft  unb  loarten  be« 


2Iber  gelaffen  begann  ber  ^arfjbar  fifcenb  ju  fpvec^en: 
,r3mmer  tierbonf  id)  e$  boc^  in  fo(d)  mtntljiger  Stunbe  15 
SDJeinem  feligen  $ater,  ber  tnir  aid  tnaben  bte  SBur^et 
21  Her  Ungebutb  au«ri§,  baft  auc^  fetn  ^-ci^djen  jitrttcfblieb 
Unb  id)  enuarten  lernte  fogfetrf),  tote  feiner  ber  SSeifen." 
,,2agt,"  oerfe^te  ber  ^farrer,  ,ftoel^  ^unftftiicf  braucfyte 

ber  2Utc  ?" 
,,X)ad  eqaljP  ic^  (5ud)  gern,  benn  jeber  fattn  e^  fid)  20 

merfen," 
@agte  ber  92ad)bar  baraitf.    ,,21I«  $nabe  ftanb  id)  am 

Sonntag 
Ungebiilbig  einmat,  bie  ^utfc^e  begiertg  ertoartettb, 

n«  foltte  f)inau^  }utn  ^Britnnen  fitl)ren  ber  ^inben. 

fie  fam  nii^t;  id)  lief  toie  ein  S?tefet  bat)iti  unb 

bort^itt, 
Jreppen  tjittauf  unb  fjinab  itnb  Don  bent  genfter  $ur  25 

Xitre. 


126  IX.   Urania. 

9J?eine  §anbe  pridetten  mir;  id)  frafcte  bie  Xifdje, 
£rappe(te  ftampfenb  Ijerum,  unb   nafye   »ar  mir  ba3 

SSeinen. 

9H(ee  fat)  ber  getaffene  9ftann;  bod)  ate  id)  e£  enb(id) 
©ar  511  tbrid)t  betrteb,  ergriff  er  mid)  ruf)ig  beim  Strme, 
3o$itf)rte  sum  ^^ttfter  mid)  ()in  unb  fprad)  bie  bebenflidjen 

SBorte: 
,8tef)ft  bu  be^  Jifd)(er^  ba  briiben  fitr  ()eute  gefd)(offene 

SSerfftatt? 

9ftorgen  eroffnet  er  fie;  ba  ritfyret  fid)  ^)obel  unb  Sage, 
Unb  fo  ge^t  e^  oon  fritb,e  bi^  Stbenb  bie  fleij^igen  2tun= 

ben, 
Slber  bebenfe  bir  bie£:   ber  90?orgen  luirb  fimftig  er= 

fdjeinen, 

ber  sJ)?eifter  fid)  regt  mit  alien  feinen  (MefeUen, 
ben  Sarg  511  bereiten  unb  fdjnell  unb  gefd)idt  }u 

DoUenben; 

Unb  fie  tragen  ba£  bretterne  vf)au«  gefdjaftig  tjeriiber, 
£>a$  ben  ®ebu(b'gen  gute^t  unb  ben  Ungebulbigen  auf- 

nimmt, 

Unb  gar  ba(b  ein  britcfenbe^  2)ad)  ]n  tragen  beftimmt  ift.' 
5l(Iev5  fab,  id)  fogleid)  im  (Meifte  nrirf(td)  gefd)eb,en, 
Sab,  bie  ^Bretter  gefitgt  unb  bie  fdjmar^e  ^arbe  bereitet, 
Sa^  gebutbig  nunmeb,r  unb  fyarrete  ru()ig  ber  ^utfd)e. 
9?ennen  anbere  nun  in  ^ueife(()after  (Srroartung 
Ungebdrbig  b,erum,  ba  mu^  id)  be3  Sargev5  gebenfen." 


2lusftd?t.  127 


gtidjelnb  fagte  ber  ^farrer:   ,,T>e$  £obe$  ritf}renbe$45 

®ilb  ftef)t 
cfjt  a(3  ©cijrecfen  bem  SSeifen  unb  nidjt  ate  (gnbe  bem 


3<enen   brangt   e^   ins   Seben   juritcf  unb   lefjret  il)tt 

^anbetn; 
T)te[em  ftfirft  c«  511  fimftigem  §ctl  im  Xritbfat  bte 


tutrb  ^um  tfebett  ber  Xob.    "Der  SBater  mit  Un= 


bem    empftnblidjen    tnaben   ben  Xob  im 

gewiefen. 

tge  man  boc^  bem  ^mtgltng  be^  ebel  reifenben 
SSert  unb  bem  filter  bie  $u 


icf)  erfrenen  unb  (o  (id)  Veben  im  Seben  nottenbe!" 
5lber  bie  Jitr  ging  auf.    (5^  ^eigte  ba^  tjerrltcfje 


Unb  e^  erftaunten  bie  Jyreunbe,  bie  Itebenben  Stternss 

erftaunten 
Tiber  bie  53i(bung  ber  33raut,  be^  ^Bra'utigam^  ^ilbung 

t»ercj(eirf)bar; 

3a,  e^  frf)ien  bie  Xitre  ju  ftein,  bie  t)ot)en  ©eftalten 
(gin^utaffen,  bie  nun  jufammen  betraten  bie  ©djmette. 
Hermann  ftellte  ben  (Hrern  fie  oor  mit  fliegenben  SBorten. 


128  IX.   Urania. 


60  ,,C>ier  tft,"  faflt'  cr,  ,,ein  2ftabd)en,  fo  twe  $f)r  im  §aufe 

fie  nriinfdjet. 
£ieber  3?ater,  empfanget  fie  gut;  fie  tierbient  eS.    Unb 

Hebe 
SDhitter,  befragt  fie  fogleid)  nad)  bent  gcnr5en  Umfang  ber 

2Btrtfd)aft, 
^o§  3^r  fe^)^  tote  fefyr  f*e  tierbient,  (Sud)  nafyer  511 

icerben." 
giltg  fitt)rf  er  baraiif  ben  treffltdjen  ^farrer  beifeite, 

:  ,,SBUrbiger  vf)err,  nun  I)etft  mir  au3  biefer  ^t- 

forgnt^ 
unb  Ibfet  ben  ^noten,  oor  beffen  (Sntwitftung  id) 

fc^aubre. 
X)enn  tdj  tjobe  ba^  SSJiob^en  at^  metne  SBraut  nti^t 

geworben, 
(Sonbern  fie  gtaubt,  al§  SD^agb  in  ba£  &au%  ju  get)n,  unb 

id)  fitrd)te, 

jDa^  uniuinig  fie  fliefyt,  fobatb  wir  gebenfen  ber  ^eirat. 
70  3tber  entf i^ieben  fet  e3  f ogtei^ !    5Ud)t  liinger  im  3rr= 

turn 

©o(I  fie  bfeiben,  une  id)  nit^t  (anger  ben  ^uieifel  ertrage. 
(Silet  unb  jeiget  and)  I)ier  bie  SeiSfjeit,  bie  wir  oeret)ren !" 
Unb  e£  menbete  fi<^  ber  ©eiftlidje  gleic^  ^ur  ©efellfdjaft. 
3(ber  (eiber  getritbt  roar  burd)  bie  9?ebe  bed  33ater^ 
7s8d)on  bie  (geele  be«  33Mbd»en^;  er  ^otte  bie  munteren 

Sorte 


,,fjter  ift,"  fagt'  er,  ,,cin  ITTabctyen,  fo  tr>te 
tDiinfd?ct."  —  IX,  60. 


ftc 


Busftdjt.  129 

it  befyaglidjer  2trt  itn  guten  ®inne  gefprodjen: 
,,3a,  bag  gefattt  mir,  mein  linb !    9ftit  greuben  erfa^r' 
id),  ber  Sofyn  b,at 

mie  ber  $ater  ©efc^macf,  ber  feiner  3e^  e$  W- 
wiefen, 
bie  Sdjdnfte  ^um  Xan^e  gefu^rt  unb  enblicb,  bie 


fein  §oit^  ot«  grau  fi^  gefjolt;  ba^  SOJUtterdjen  so 
luar  eg. 

an  ber  ®raut,  bie  ber  Sftcmn  fi^  ertrd^It,  (apt 
g(etcf)  fti^  erfennen, 

©etfteg  er  tft,  unb  ob  er  }\<fy  eigenen  SSert  fii^tt. 
Slber  3tjr  braui^tet  mob,(  auc^  nur  wentg  3e^  ^r  &nt* 

fc^Iiepng  ? 

£enn  mid)  biinfet  fiirma^r,  ifym  tft  [o  fc^iuer  nirf)t  ju 
folgen." 

§ermann  f)drte  bie  Sorte  nur  pc^tig;  ib,m  bebtenss 

bie  ©lieber 
3nnen,  unb  (title  mar  ber  ganje  f  reig  nun  auf  einmat. 

5tber  bag  trc(fU(^c  Mbdjen,  don  (otdjen  fpdttifcljen 

SBorten, 

SBie  fie  ib,r  f rfjienen,  derte^t  unb  tief  in  ber  <2eele  getroffen, 
(gtanb,  mit  ftiegenber  9?bte  bie  2Bange  big  gegen  ben 

Dtocfen 


130  IX.   Urania. 

ooilbergoffen;  bod)  tjtelt  fie  fid)  an  iinb  nafnn  fid)  $ufam* 

men, 
Sprad)  ju  bem  Sltten  barauf,  nid)t  Db'IUg  bie  Sdmteqen 

Derbergenb: 
,,£raun!  ju  fotdjem  Cjmpfang  Ijat  mid)  ber  2ofjn  nid)t 

bereitet, 
mir  beg   23aterg  5lrt   gefd)i(bert,  beg  treff(id)en 


llnb  id)  weip,  id)  ftefye  Dor  (5ud),  bem  gebilbeten  5 
9S  X)er  fid)  fhtg  mit  jebem  betragt  unb  gemafe  ben 
Slber  fo  fdjeint  eg,  Qfy  fii()It  nidjt  sD2tt(etb  genug  mit  ber 

Airmen, 
£)ie  nun  bie  @d)iDeIIe  betritt  unb  bie  Cmd)  ju  bienen 

bereit  ift; 
T)enn  fonft  miirbet  $f)r  nid)t  mit  bitterem  ©potte  mir 

jeigen, 
2Bie  entfernt  mein  ©efdjic!  Don  gurem  <So^n  unb  Don 

(Sudj  fei. 
TOO  greUirf)  tret'  id)  nur  arm  mit  fleinem  33iinbel  ing 

ein, 
£ag  mit  allem  Derfe^n  bie  frozen  ^Bewo^ner 

mad)t; 

5lber  id)  lenne  mid)  n>ol)I  unb  fitfyle  bag  gan^e 
^}ft  eg  ebel,  mid)  gleid)  mit  fold)em  <g»otte  ^u  treffen, 
auf  ber  (SdjroeUe  beinaf)  mid)  fdjon  aug  bem 

i,uriidtreibt?" 


2lusftd?t.  131 

33cmg  bemegte  fid)  ^ermantt  unb  ttrinfte  bem  getftlirfjen  105 

greunbe, 
er  in£  SOfittel  fid)  fdjlitge,  fogleid)  ju  derfd)eud)en 

ben  ^rrtum. 

(Siltg  trat  ber  Hinge  fyeran  unb  [djaute  be$  9J?abd)en^ 
©tttten  S5erbruB  unb  gefyaftenen  Sc^mer^  unb  Xranen 

im  3(uge. 
J)a  befatjt  it)m  [em  ®eift,  nidjt  gteid)  bie  33ertt)trrung  ^u 

(tifen, 
©onbern  oietme^r  ba^  beiwgte  ©e'mitt  ju  priifen  be§  no 


Unb  er  fagte  barauf  gu  i^r  mit  oerfudjenben  SBorten: 
,  bu  itberlegteft  ntd)t  tt)of)t,  o  3)la 


SBenn  bu  bet  ^remben  ju  btenen  btc^  afl^u  eilig  cut- 

fd)(offe(tr 
^a^  e«i  t)eij?e,  ba3  §ou^  be«  gebtetenben  §errn  ju 

betreten; 
'iDenn  ber  ^anbfc^tag  befttmmt  ba«  ganje  ©c^icffal  beg  us 


Unb  gar  t>iete«  ju  bulben  oerbinbet  etn  einjige^ 
•  8tnb  boc^  nid)t  ba£  e^merfte  be^  !iDienftg  bie  ermitben* 

ben  3Bege, 

^idjt  ber  bittere  (2d)tt>etj}  ber  ettig  brcingenben  5lrbeit; 
X)enn  mit  bem  I  ned)te  ^ugleid)  bemiitjt  fic^  ber  tatige 


132  IX.  Urania. 


$u  bulben  bte  £aune  be3  ^errn,  menu  er  lingered)! 

tabelt, 

Ober  biefeS  unb  jeneS  begefyrt,  tnit  fid)  fetber  in  Qtvitf  pa(t, 
Unb  bie  §efttgfeit  nod)  ber  Jrfliien,  bie  leid)t  fid)  erjiirnet, 
Wit  ber  $tnber  roljer  unb  itbermiitiger  Unart: 
Qa%  ift  fd)tt)er  jn  ertragen,  unb  bod)  bie  ^flid)t  ^u  erfitllen 
125  Ungefiiiinit  unb  rafd),  unb  felbft  nid)t  mitrrifd)  ju  ftoden. 
bu  fdjeinft  mir  ba^u  nid)t  gefd)icft,  ba  bie  Sd)er$e 


bid)  treffen  fo  tief,  unb  bod)  nidit$  geit)b{)nlid)er 
Dorfommt, 

ein  'DJfcibdjen  ju  ptagen,  ba§  roofjl  il)r  ein  ^imgling 
gefotk." 


2ttfo  fprad)  er.    (5^  fiif)(te  bie  treffenbe 


i3otlnb  fie  ^telt  fid)  nidjt  mefyr;  e5  jeigten  fid)  t^re  ©efiiljfe 
9Wad)tig,  e^  ^ob  fid)  bie  ^Bruft,  au^  ber  ein  Seuf^er  ^er= 

oorbrang, 

Unb  fie  fagte  fogleid)  mtt  l)etRnergoffenen  Xrnnen: 
„£),  nie  niei^  ber  Derftanbige  9ftann,  ber  im  Sd)mer^  un^ 

git  raten 
T)enft,  tt)te  menig  fein  Sort,  ba£  falte,  bie  33ruft  ^u 

befreien 
^35  3e  Don  bem  i'eiben  tiermag,  bo1?  ein  f)ol)e#  3d)icffal 

auffegt. 


133 


feib  gtitcftid)  unb  frof),  nne  fottf  ein  <Sd)erj 

oeruwnben  ! 
£>od)  ber  $ranfenbe  fittjtt  aud)  fd)mer$tid)  bie  leife  33e- 

riifjrung. 
s)iein,  es  fyittfe  mir  ntd)t^r  iuenn  fetbft  mir  33erftel(ung 

getange. 
3eige   fid)   gletd),  iua6  fpiiter  nitr  tiefere   (2d)merjen 

nermetjrte 

Unb  mid)  brcingte  oietteid)t  in  ftilloer',et)renbeg  (gtenb.      140 
SajH  mid)   tt)ieber  t)intt)eg!    ^d)  ^arf  ^m  C>aufe  n^4)t 

Meiben; 

3d)  ^i((  fort  unb  gefye,  bie  armen  SJJeinen  p  fud)en, 
te  id)  im  Ungtitcf  uerlief?,  fitr  mid)  nur  ba^  33effere 


te«  ift  mein  fefter  (5ntfd)tuB;  unb  id)  barf  (Sud)  barum 

nun  befennen, 
d  im  Bergen  fid)  fonft  lwot)(  3a^)re  ^tttte  oerbor*i4S 

gen. 
,  be$  33aterd  Spott  ^at  tief  mid)  getroffen;  nid)t, 

rt)ei(  id) 
$  unb  empfinbltd)  bin,  mie  e8  wof)(  ber  9Dlagb  nid)t 


Sonbern  meit  mir  fitnt)at)r  im  §erjen  bie  s^eigung  fid) 

regie, 
©egen  ben  3un9^g,  ber  tjeute  mir  a(^  ein  (Srretter 

erfd)ienen. 


134  IX.   Urania. 

i5o£>enn  a(3  er  erft  auf  ber  Strafe  mid)  liej?,  fo  roar  er 

mir  immer 
3n   ©ebanfen    gebtieben;   id)    badjte    beg    gtitcfltcfjen 


er  t>iefleid)t  fdjon  at£   33raut  im  £>er}en  mdd)te 
be  warren. 

Unb  al^  i^  mieber  am  33nmnen  it)n  fanb,  ba  freut'  id) 
id)  feineS 

[o  fefyr,  al^  luar'  mir  ber  §imm(ifd)en  einer 
erfc^ienen. 
iS5  llnb  id)  f  olgf  it)m  f  o  gern,  al3  nun  er  jitr  9)?agb  mid) 

getoorben. 
T)oc^  mir  fc^meid)e(te  freUid)  ba^  §erj   (id)  tnifl  e8 

gefte^en) 
5luf  bem  SBege  fyierfjer,  al^  fdnnf  ic^  t»ie((eic^t  ifjn  oer- 

bienen, 

SSenn  ic^  ttritrbe  beg,f>au|'eg  bereinft  unentbef)rtid)e  Stit^e. 
Slber,  ad)  !  nun  fe^'  id)  juerft  bie  ®efal)ren,  in  bie  id) 
i6o9Jiic^  begab,  [o  nal)  bem  ftiU  ©eliebten  ]n  iDofmen. 
Nun  erft  fiii)!'  id),  nrie  tuett  ein  arme^  SO^abc^en  entfernt 

ift 
33on  bem  reidjeren  3»ngKng,  un^  lt)enn  ^  ^e  £itrf)tuifte 

Ware. 

ba«  ^ab'  id)  gefagt,  bamit  3l)r  ba^  $erj  ni^t  oer* 
fennet, 
ein  3ufa^  beleibigt,  bem  id)  bie  33efinnung  oerbanfe. 


2lusfid?t.  135 

£)enn  ba$  muftf  id)  entmrten,  bie  ftitten  SSimfdje  fcer-  165 

bergenb, 
£af$  er  fid)   brad)te   junadjft  bie   33raut  gum  §aufe 

gefitfjret; 
Unb  tine  fyatt'  id)  aldbann  bie  tjeimlicfjen  ©djmeqen 

ertracjen  ! 

©litdtid)  bin  id)  cjeiflcmtt,  unb  glitrfUd)  loft  baS  ©e^eimni^ 
33on  betn  ^Bufen  fid)  Io3,  je^t,  ba  nod)  ba$  ilbet  ift 

I)ei(bar. 
2lber  ba$  fei  nun  gefagt.    Unb  nun  fott  int  §aufe  mid)  i70 

Icinger 

^ier  nid)t§  tialten,  mo  id)  befdjamt  unb  angfttid)  nur  ftefje, 
^•rei  bie  ^feigung  befennenb  unb  jene  tb'rid)te  §offnung. 
0?id)t  bie  3?ad)t,  bie  breit  fid)  bebecft  mit  finfenbenSBotfen, 

ber  rottenbe  Conner  (id)  ^b'r'  ifyn)  foil  mid)  »er- 

t)tnbern, 

be§  9^egen§  ©u^,  ber  brouj^en  geniattfam  ^erab=  175 

fd)Iagtr 

ber  faufenbe  @turm.    ®a§  fyab'  id)  attc«  ertragen     . 
Sluf  ber  traurigen  ^Iud)t  unb  na^'  am   Derfotgenben 


Unb  id)  gef)e  nun  rt)ieber  ^inau§,  one  id)  lange  gett)ot)nt 

bin, 
$on  bem  (Strubel  ber   3ett  ergriffen,  don  attem  ^u 

fd)eiben. 
£ebet  \vofy  !  id)  bleibe  nid)t  liinger;  e^  ift  nun  gefd)el)en."  180 


136  IX.  Urania. 

Sllfo  fprad)  fie,  fid)  rafd)  $urii<f  nacf)  ber  Jure  beroegenb, 
Unter  bem  2lrm  baS  33itnbe(d)en  nod),  ba*  fie  bradjte,  be^ 

toafyrenb. 

Stber  bte  Gutter  ergrtff  mit  beiben  2(rmen  ba£  sD?abd)en, 
Um  ben  £eib   fie   faffenb,  itnb  rief  Dertminbert  unb 

ftaunenb  : 
,,eag',  ino^  bebeutet  mtr  bie^V  itnb  biefe  dergebtic^en 

Xronen  ? 
9?ein,  id)  (affe  bic^  nic^t;  bu  bift  mir  be^  So^ne^  2?er= 

lobte." 

2lber  ber  33ater  ftanb  mit  Siberwiden  bagegen, 
2Iuf  bie  Seinenbe  fc^auenb,  unb  fprad)  bte  nerbrteiHidjen 

SSorte: 

M2llfo  ba«  ift  mir  $ute^t  fiir  bte  ^oc^fte  }?aef}firf)t  gemorben, 
nttr  ba^  Unangene^mfte  gefd)ie()t  noc^  ^um  Srf)luffe 


mir  ift  unleibttc^er  ntc^t^  at^  Xranen  ber  iBeiber, 
®efd)ret,  ba3  ^eftig  bertDorren  begtnnet, 
mit  ein  wenig  5gernunft  ftc^  Uefce  gemdi^It^er 


9)?tr  ift  lafttg,  nocf)  longer  bie^  wunber(td)e  23egtnnen 
195  Stnjufc^auen.    S3oIIenbet  e^  felbft;  t^  ge^e  ^u  Sette." 
Itnb  er  nxmbte  ftcf)  fc^netl  unb  etlte  ^ur  hammer  ^u  gefjen, 
SBo  i^m  ba§  53ettgefteII  ftanb  unb  mo  er  ju  rufyen  ge^ 

rto^nt  mar. 
Slber  if)n  ^ie(t  ber  3o^n  unb  fagte  bie  ffefyenben  SSorte: 


2lusfid?t.  137 


,,23citer,  ettet  nitr  nid)t  unb  jiirnt  ntd)t  itber  b 

S<fy  nur  fyabe  bie  @d)u(b  Don  alter  23er  mil-rung  $u  tragen,  200 

£)ie  unertoartet  ber  $reunb  nod)  burd;  2?evfteIIung  tier* 

me^rt  I)at. 

^Jebet,  itiitrbtger  £>err  !  benn  (Su^  Dertraut'  irf)  bie  @ad)e. 
§aitfet  nii^t  Stngft  unb  l^erbrup;  tiollenbet  (teber  ba$ 

©anje  ! 

3)enn  id)  ntodjte  [o  t)od)  (5ud)  nid)t  in  3ufunft  oere^ren, 
SSenn    ^t)r    <Sdjabenfreube    nur    iibt    ftatt    ^errlic^er  205 


i>ad)etnb  oerfe^te  barauf  ber  witrbige  ^farrer  unb  fagte: 
,,$3elc^e  Hhigfyeit  I)atte  benn  luo^t  ba^  fdjone  ^Befenntni^ 
T)iefer  ©uten  enttod  t  unb  un£  entf)itl(t  i^r  ©emiite  ? 
3ft  nii^t  bie  8orge  fogleid)  bir  jur  SBonn'  unb  greube 

geluorben  ? 
9?ebe  barum  nur  felbft!    mad  bebarf  ed  frember  (vr= 

t  larung  ?  " 
9?un  trat  §ermann  t)erdor  unb  fprad)  bie  freunblidjen 

SSorte: 
,,£a§  bid)  bie  Xra'nen  nid)t  reun,  nod)  biefe  fludjtigen 

Sdjmerjen; 
£)enn  fie  dollenben  mein  ®>iM  unb,  line  id)  H)Unfd)e,  ba^ 

beine. 
S3?id)t  ba«  trefftic^e  SO^dbdjen  als  3Kagb,  bie  grembe,  ^u 

bingen, 


138  IX.   Urania. 


215  $am  id)  $um  23runnen  ;  id)  fam,  urn  beine  iUebe  $u 

ttierben. 
2lber,  ad)!   mein  fd)itd)terner  Slid,  er  fonnte  bte  }?ei* 


nid)t  fefm;  nur  g-reunblidjfeit  fab,  er  tm 
Sluge, 

^  bem  ©pieget  bit  if)tt  be§  ruljtgen  ^Brunnen*  be- 
gritpteft. 

nur  ^u  fitljren,  e^  war  fd)on  bte  §a 


22o5tber  nun  ooHenbeft  bu  mir'^!    O,  fei  mir  gefegnet!" 
Unb  e£  fdjaute  ba^  9)?abd)en  mit  tiefer  9?iib,rung 

Bungling 
Hub  oermieb  nid)t  Untarmung  unb  £u§,  ben  ®ipfet  ber 

^reube, 
SBenn  fie  ben  £iebenben  finb  bie  langerfefynte  iPerfid)' 

rung 
titnftigen  ©liicf^  im  £eben,  bag  nun  ein  unenbltdjeS 

fdjeinet. 

225     Unb  ben  iibrigen  fyatte  ber  ^[arrt)err  ade^  erflaret. 
Stber  ba^  9Mbd)en  fa.m,  t>or  bem  23ater  fid)  Ijer^nd)  mit 

5lnmut 

i^eigenb,  unb  fo  tfjm  bie  §anb,  bie   juritdgepgene, 
fitffenb, 
,,^r  merbet  gered)t  ber  Uberrafd)ten 


tfusftcfyt.  139 

Grft  bie  Xrcinen  betf  ©djnteqe*  unb  nun  bie  Xrimen  ber 

$reube. 

C,  oergebt  mir  jene£  ©efitl)(,  tiergebt  mir  aud)  biefeS       230 
Unb  (aftt  nur  mid)  intf  ®Iitcf,  ba^  tteu  mir  gegcJnnte,  tntc^ 

finben  ! 
$a,  ber  erfte  33erbru§,  an  bent  id)  33enuorrene  fdjulb 


i  ber  fe^te  jugleid)  !    SBoju  bie  9J?agb  fid)  oerpf(id)tet, 
Xreu,  ju  Uebenbent  ^ienft,  ben  foil  bie  £od)ter  (5ud) 
leiften." 

Unb  ber  33ater  umarmte  fie  gleid),  bie  Xranen  tier*  235 

bergenb. 

Xrautid)  fam  bie  3)iutter  Ijerbei  unb  fitj^te  fie  l)erj(id), 
<Sd)ittte(te  §anb  in  §anb  ;  e$  fdjiniegen  bie  meinenben 


(Sitig  fa^te  barauf  ber  gute,  oerftanbige 
(Srft  beg  5Sater^  gwnb  unb  jog  i^m  oom  finger  ben 

Xrauring, 

(s)Jid)t  fo  Ieid)t  ;  er  war  t>om  runb(id)en  ®Iiebe  ge^a(ten)  240 
yiafym  ben  9Jing  ber  9J?utter  barauf  unb  Derlobte  bie 

tinber  ; 
©prod)  :  ,,^od)  einma(  fei  ber  golbenen  9?eifen  ^3eftim- 

ntung, 
geft  ein  ^Banb  \u  fnitpfen,  ba*  db'ttig  g(eid)e  bem  atten. 


140  IX.   Urania. 

£)tefer  Bungling  tft  tief  Don  ber  Viebe  gum  9)Mbd)en 

burdjbrungen, 
245  Unb  ba$  9J?abd)en  geftefyt,  baft  aud)  tb,r  ber  ^ngting  cr= 

im'tnfd)t  tft. 

2l(fo  »er(ob'  id)  Gud)  ()ier  unb  fegn'  Gud)  fimftigen  £tittn, 
Stftit  bem  SBiden  ber  (Eftern  unb  mit  bem 


Unb  e^  neigte  fic^  gleidj  mtt  Segen^mi'tnfdjen  ber 


Slber  at^  ber  geifttidje  §err  ben  golbenen  ^eif  nun 
2so(£tecft'  an  bie  ."panb  be*  9JJabd)en*,  erbticff  er  ben  an- 

beren  ftaunenb, 
5)en  fi^on  ."permann  ^ut)or  am  33runnen  forg(id)  be= 

trac^tet. 

Unb  er  fagte  barauf  mit  freunblid)  fdjer^enben  Morten  : 
,,S[Bie!  bu  toerfobeft  bid)  [djon  ^um  pyeitemnatV    3^a§ 

nid)t  ber  erfte 
SBra'uttgam  bei  bem  SUtar  fid)  jetge  mit  tjinbernbem  Sin- 


255     5lber  fie  fagte  barauf:  ,,C,  (apt  mid)  biefer  (Srinnrung 
(Sinen  3tugenb(ic!  tt)eib,en!    Denn  tt»ol)(  oerbient  fie  ber 

©ute, 

v  mir  it)n  fdjetbenb  gab  unb  nid)t  jur  ^eimat  juritcf* 
fam. 


Jlusftdjt.  141 

2ltte3  fat)  er  DorcmS,  ate  rafd)  bie  Viebe  ber  ^reifyeit, 
2U3  ifyn  bie  tfuft  int  neuen  tteranberten  SBefen  511  nrirfen 
Xrieb  nad)  ^aris  ju  gefyen,  bafyin,  IDO  er  ®erfer  unb  Xob  260 

fanb. 
,?ebe  cjtitdlid)  !'  fagt'  er.    ,3cf)  gefye;  benn  a((e«(  beiregt 

fid) 

3e^t  auf  Grben  eintnal,  e^  fdjeint  fid)  ade^  31:  trennen. 
(9ninbgefe£e  fSfen  fid)  auf  ber  fefteften  @taaten, 
Unb  e§  toft  ber  33efi|  fid)  foe  com  atten  53efi^er, 
^reitnb  fid)  to§  Don  greunb  ;   fo  loft  fid)  £iebe  oon  265 

Vie  be. 

3d)  Dertaffe  bid)  b,ier;  unb,  tno  id)  jemal^  bid)  roteber 
ginbe,  tuer  lt>ei§  e^?    5?ie(feid)t  finb  biefe  ©efpradje  bie 

le^ten. 
9?ur  ein  trembling,  fagt  man  mit  9?ed)t,  ift  ber  9Kenfd) 

I)ier  auf  (Srben  ; 

ein  ^retnbting  a(§   jemat^    ift   nun    ein   jeber 

geworben. 
gefyb'rt  ber  53oben  nid)t  meb,r;   e3  manbern  bie  270 


unb  Sttber  fd)ini^t  au^  ben  atten  l)eiUgen  ^ormen; 
regt  fid),  a(3  mo((te  bie  Sett,  bie  geftattete,  ritd* 


?bfen  in  Gb,ao£  unb  s)?ad)t  fid)  auf  unb  neu  fid)  geftalten. 
£)u  bewab,rft  mir  bein  §er^;  unb  finben  bereinft  )Dtr 
uneber 


142  IX.   Urania. 


ben  Xritmmern  ber  Sett,  fo  finb  nrir  erneute 
®efd)b'pfe, 

Utngebitbet  unb  fret  unb  unabfyangig  com  2d)icffal. 
£)enn  n)a£  feffette  ben,  ber  fotdje  Xage  burdjlebt  f)at! 
Slber  fott  e3  nidjt  fein,  baft  je  inir,  au^  btefen  @efat)ren 
©tucfttc^  entronnen,  un^  einft  mit  ^reuben  inieber  um- 

fangen, 
280  C,  fo  erljatte  mein  (d)tDebenbe^  ^Bttb  tior  beinen  @e- 

banfen, 
^)aft  bu  mit  gleirfjem  3)lute  ^u  ©litcf  unb  Unglitcf  berett 

feift! 

£o<fet  neue  2Bot)nung  bic^  an  unb  neue  33erbtnbung, 
&o  geniefte  mit  £anf,  ir»a<5  bann  btr  ba£    5d)tcf|"a( 

bereitet. 
Stebe  bie  £iebenben  rein  unb   l)alte  bem  ®uten  bic^ 

banfbar. 

bann  aud)  [et^e  nur  leidjt  ben  bemegltdjen  J^uft  auf; 
Denn  e^  tauert  ber  boppette  Sc^merj  be^  neuen  $er= 
luftee. 

fei  bir  ber  Xag;  boc^  fd)d^e  ba£  ^eben  nic^t  ()bl)er 
«  em  anbere^  ©ut,  unb  alle  (fitter  ftnb  tritgttd).' 
[o  fprac^  er,  unb  nte  erfc^ien  ber  (Sble  mir  luteber. 
oertor  id)  inbeS,  unb  taufenbmat  bad)f  id)  ber 
farming. 

auc^  benf  id)  be^  3Sort«<,  ba  fcf)dn  mir  bie  ^iebe  ba^ 
t)ter 


2Jusftd>t.  143 

bereitet  unb  mir  bie  Ijerrltdjften  ,f)offnungen  cmf- 

fdjttefct 
D,  oeqeil)',  mein  trefftidjer  $reunb,  baft  id),  fetbft  an 

bem  Slrm  bid) 
£wltenb,    bebe!      3o    fdjeint  bem  enbtid)    gelanbeten 


5tud)    ber    ftd)erfte    ©runb    beS    fefteften   ^Boben^   511295 
fd)J»anfen." 


fprad)  fie  unb  ftedte  bie  9?inge  nebeneinanber. 
5tber   ber    33rimtigam    fprad)    mit    ebter,  manntidjer 


fefter  fei  bei  ber  adgemeinen  (Srfdjitttrung, 

,  ber  33unb  !    Sir  luotten  fatten  unb  bauern, 
nn^  gotten  unb  feft  ber  fd)i)neu  ©liter  53efi^tum.     300 
ber  Sftenfd),  ber  ^ur  fd)ir)anfenben    3e^    au(^) 
fd)luaufenb  gefinnt  ift, 
uennel)ret  ba^  llbet  unb   breitet  e$  meiter  nub 

meiter; 
5lber  )ner  feft  auf  bem  <Sinne  bel)arrt,  ber  bitbet  bie 

SBcIt  fid). 
9?id)t  bem  ^eutfdjen  ge^iemt  e^,  bie  furd).terlid)e  53e- 

megung 

ftort$u(eiten,  unb  and)  ju  manfen  fjierfyin  unb  borti)in.     305 
ift  unfer!'   fo  Ia^  un«^  fagen  unb  fo  e^  be{)aup- 
ten! 


144  IX.   Urania. 

Term  e3   roerben  nod)   ftet*  bie  entfd)Ioffenen  golfer 

gepriefen, 

Tie  fur  (^ott  unb  (9efefc,  fiir  Crttern,  iSeiber  unb  Sttnber 

Stritten  unb  gegen  ben  $dnb  ^ufammenftefjenb  ertagen. 

310  Du  bift  rnetn;  unb  nun  tft  ba^  iWetne  meiner  a(e  jemal*. 

9?id)t  mit   Summer   iDtH   id)'s  belnatjren  unb   forgenb 

gente^en, 
Sonbern  mit  Wlnt  unb  .^raft.    Unb  broken  bieemal  bte 

geinbe, 

Ober  fitnftig,  fo  ritfte  mid)  felbft  unb  reidje  bie  Saffen. 
SSeife  id)  burd)  bid)  nur  tierforgt  ba^  $>aue  unb  bie  lie= 

benben  (5(tern, 

315  C,  fo  ftettt  fid)  bie  ^ruft  bent  ^einbe  fidjer  entgegen. 
Unb  gebad)te  jeber  wie  id),  fo  ftitnbe  bie  Wlafyt  auf 
©egen  bie  9ttad)t,  unb  im'r  erfreuten   un£    a  tie    bee 


NOTES. 
Die  2lnmcrfungen. 

Glegte. 

Title,  Jpermutttt  tlltb  £orotl)ea  :  The  fact  that  Hermann  (Latin 
Arminius)  is  the  popular  national  hero  of  Germany  may  have  in- 
fluenced Goethe  in  the  choice  of  his  hero's  name,  because  he  wished 
his  poeni  to  be  distinctly  German  (see  (Slegie,  line  33).  In  the 
Teutoberg  forest  in  9  A.D.,  Hermann  (17  B.C.-21  A.D.)  routed  the 
Roman  legions  under  Varus  and  so  freed  Germany  from  Roman 
rule  and  oppression.  A  colossal  statue  was  erected  in  his  memory 
near  Dettnold,  Germany,  in  1875.  On  the  name  Dorothea,  Goethe 
gives  us  some  information  in  a  letter  to  his  friend  Korner  on 
December  8,  1796  :  "  Dorchen  (Dorothea  Stock,  Korner 's  sister-in- 
law)  will  see  that,  through  some  charm  or  other,  my  new  heroine 
is  again  called  Dorothea."  The  name  Dorothea,  through  its  Greek 
derivation,  means  gift  of  God,  and  so  was  particularly  appropri- 
ate for  this  immigrant  girl,  who  was  to  mean  so  much  to  Hermann 
and  his  parents. 

The  Elegy,  .^erntoun  unb  Dorothea,  was  written  in  the  autumn 
of  1796,  while  Goethe  was  writing  the  epic  of  the  same  name.  It 
was  an  advance  announcement  of  this  epic,  as  well  as  a  defense 
against  the  attacks  which  had  been  made  on  Goethe  for  his 
9ibmif(f)e  Slegien  (see  note  1  below),  SBenettanifcfye  Spigramme, 
and  lenien  (see  note  2  below).  There  was  much  narrow-minded 
jealousy  among  the  writers  of  that  day,  and  many  a  shaft  of  mali- 
cious and  envious  criticism  was  directed  against  Goethe  and 
Schiller.  While  reading  the  Xenia  of  Martial,  it  occurred  to  Goethe 
to  have  revenge  on  these  petty  critics,  so  he  wrote  a  dozen  epigrams 

145 


146  NOTES.  [1-2. 

in  similar  vein  and  sent  them  to  Schiller  for  his  3Jiujenaimanad) 
(see  Appendix  E,  (a),  page  238,  note  2).  Schiller  eagerly  collabo- 
rated, and  more  than  four  hundred  of  these  satires  were  published 
in  September,  1796.  The  elegy  §ermann  unb  Sovotfyea  was  a  reply 
to  the  stinging  retorts  which  followed  the  lenien. 

On  December  7,  1796,  Goethe  sent  the  gfegie  to  Schiller  with  the 
words:  "With  this  I  wish  that  you  would  open  the  new  year  of 
the  §oreil  (see  Appendix  E,  (a),  page  238,  note  4},  so  that  the 
people  may  see  that  we  are  standing  firm  in  every  way  and  are 
prepared  for  every  attack."  On  December  9,  Schiller  answered: 
"The  Elegy  makes  an  especially  deep,  touching  impression  which 
cannot  fail  to  touch  the  reader's  heart,  if  he  has  one.  ...  I 
only  question  whether  the  present  time  is  favorable  for  the  publi- 
cation of  the  poem.  In  the  next  two  or  three  months  I  am  afraid 
that  we  cannot  expect  the  public  to  take  a  just  attitude  towards 
the  lenien.  The  imagined  insult  is  still  too  fresh. " 

The  Elegy  did  not  appear  in  print,  therefore,  until  1800,  and  it 
was  first  prefixed  to  the  epic  in  1820  by  the  publisher  Vieweg. 

Lines  1-8.  Goethe  enumerates  the  chief  faults  that  the  critics 
have  charged  against  him.  For  a  discussion  of  the  meter  see  Ap- 
pendix E,  (f),  (1),  page  252,  and  especially  E,  (f),  (2),  page  256. 

1.  2Ufo:  is  transitional  and  takes  up  the  thread  of  the  former 
criticism,  you  mean  to  say,  or  you  tcould  call  that  an  offense  I 
more :   subjunctive  in  implied  indirect  discourse.        proper',  = 
Sextus  Propertius  (c.  49-16  B.C.),  the  greatest  Latin  elegiac  poet 
and  a  genius  of  great  power  and  precocity.     At  twenty  he  wrote 
his  first  book  of  Elegies,  the  Cynthia  monobiblos,  with  an  ease,  a 
color,  and  a  wealth  of  rhythm  which  no  later  Latin  poet  ever 
equaled.   In  all  he  wrote  five  books  of  elegies,  which  were  Goethe's 
inspiration  for  his  Stomifdje  Glegien,  written  in  1788-1789  after  his 
return  from  Italy.     The  critics  attacked  Goethe  severely  for  these 
writings.        begetftert :  supply  bat. 

2.  Partial  =  Marcus  Valerius  Martialis  (c.  40-102  A.D.  ),  a  Latin 
epigrammatic  poet,  born  in  Spain,  but  later  a  resident  of  Rome. 
He  wrote  fifteen  books  of  epigrams  and  Xenia  {gifts  of  friendship} 
clever,  concise,  satirical  statements,  but  often  of  a  coarse  and  ser- 


3-11.]  ELEGIE.  147 

vile  nature.     Goethe's  $enetianijche   (Spigramme,  as  well  as  the 
•Eenien,  were  written  in  the  style  of  Martial.         gefellt :  supply  hat. 

3.  Me   2Uten :    the  Greek  and  Roman   writers,   the  ancients. 
bte  Sdjllle  311  fyiitett :  to  be  studied  and  read  only  in  school  and 
not  to  be  used  as  models  for  modern  poetry,  as  Goethe  did  ;  com- 
pare the  phrase   bag  gimmer  hiiten,  to  be  confined  to  owe's  room. 

4.  Sattunt  =  3talien.     Latium  was  originally  the  broad  plateau 
southeast  of  the  Tiber  River  between  the  Apennines  and  the  sea, 
the  prehistoric  home  of  the  Latins  from  which  Rome  was  colonized 
and  the  Roman  empire  founded.     After  Goethe's  visit  to  Italy  the 
classical  influence  is  apparent  in  all  his  writings,  for  here  the  spirit 
of  the  ancients  became  a  reality  to  him.         fjefolflt :  supply  finb. 

5.  9Zotur  tint)  ftuuft :  Middle  High  German  poetry  often  pictures 
God  as  an  artist ;  a  beautiful  form  was  the  expression  of  his  genius. 
In  Italy  Goethe  learned  to  find  the  natural  beauty  in  art. 

6.  Goethe's  independence  of  thought,  especially  along  scientific 
lines,  is  shown  here.     In  his  study  of  light  and  color  he  strongly 
opposed  Newton's  theory,  and  it  is  probably  this  name  and  dogma 
to  which  he  refers  here.     This  was  one  of  Goethe's  most  unfortu- 
nate experiences.     It  caused  him  great  personal  bitterness  and 
overshadowed  for  a  time  his  truly  great  scientific  discoveries. 

7-8.   ueronbert :  supply  hat.        &erfrf)mol)t :  supply  babe. 

9.  ®oItf|Cr  gfeljler  :  genitive  plural  with'  jetfyet,  line  10,  a  genitive 
of  the  charge  with  a  verb  of  judicial  action.         o  9Jiilfe :  calling 
upon  one  or  more  of  the  Muses  was  common  among  the  classical 
authors ;  compare  Homer  and  Virgil,  also  lines  12  and  15  of  the 
Glegie,  and  Canto  IX,  lines  1-5.        gcpflcgct  =  gepflegt  baft. 

10.  3eityct:    au  obsolete    form    for   bejchulbtgen   or  anflagen. 
^ijbcf:  compare  the  Latin  populus.     The  word  is  usually  used  in 
a  derogatory  sense  =  populace,  rabble,  the  common  herd.     Here 
Goethe  refers  to  his  narrow-minded,  carping  critics. 

11.  bcr    SBejfcrc :    probably   refers  to   Herder,  whom   Goethe 
learned  to  know  as  a  student  at  Strassburg  (see  page  xv),  and 
whom  he  always  cherished.     Herder  frequently  failed  in  his  praise 
when  Goethe  most  expected  it.     Here  Goethe  means  that  the  kindly 
disposed,  as  well  as  the  petty  and  envious,  criticized  his  writings. 


148  NOTES.  [13-28. 

13-14.  Goethe  retained  a  remarkably  youthful  vigor,  both  of 
mind  and  body,  up  to  the  very  end  of  his  life. 

16.  bte  3d)Cttef :  generally  masculine   now.     Goethe  was  now 
forty -seven  years  old,  with  thirty-six  years  of  active  writing  still 
before  him. 

17.  ber  Vlrfin^c  :  genitive  with  bebarf. 

18.  Julius  Caesar  was  permitted  by  the  Roman  Senate  to  wear 
a  laurel  wreath  at  all  times — "jus  laureae  perpetuo  gestandae." 
Sines  his  hair  was  thin,  he  gladly  availed  himself  of  this  privilege. 

20.  bent  $8urbtgent  :  means  Goethe  himself,  when  he  shall  have 
deserved  it  more. 

21.  JRofeit  =  the  flowers  of  love  ;  compare  Latin,  Est  rosa  flos 
Veneris.     9tojen  is  partitive  genitive  with  genug.     An  appositive 
is  preferable  now,  geimg  9iofen. 

21-24.  Goethe  refers  to  the  domestic  happiness  that  came  to 
him  through  his  union  with  Christiane  Vulpius  after  his  return 
from  Italy  in  1788.  See  page  xxii. 

23-24.  Sdjiire,  tticrfe :  hortatory  subjunctives,  Let  the  wife, 
etc. 

24.  bcr  &unbe  :  Goethe's  son  August,  at  this  time  seven  years 
old. 

26.  fyerettt :  the  regular  phrase  for  our  come  in  ;  the  verb  proper 
is  omitted.     Goethe's  guests  are  summoned  to  his  happy  home  for 
a  classical  feast,  where,  in  imitation  of  the  Greeks  and  Romans, 
they  are  crowned  with  garlands  and  recline  or  are  seated  in  a 
circle. 

27.  The   first  health  is  proposed  to   Friedrich  August   Wolf 
(1759-1824),    a  famous  professor  and  critic  of   Homer.     In  his 
Prolegomena  ad  Homerum,  he  first  questioned  the  unity  of  the 
Homeric  poems.    The  main  part  of  the  work  he  ascribed  to  Homer, 
the  rest  to  heroic  bards  whom  he  called  li  Homerides"  or  "  sons  of 
Homer."    At  this  time  Goethe  accepted  Wolf's  view  and  attributed 
to  this  doctrine  his  daring  to  enter  the  epic  field.     Later,  however, 
he  went  back  to  the  idea  of  the  single  authorship  of  the  Homeric 
poems,  as  his  poem  §omev  roiber  Corner  shows. 

28.  uollcrc  iBflljlt :  with   many  in  the  field   Goethe  might  also 


31-40.]  /.    KALLIOPE.  149 

venture  in,  when  he  would  hesitate  to  match  his  powers  against 
one  alone  (bent  Ginen,  line  29),  and  that,  too,  a  superhuman  being 
(mit  Oottern,  line  29). 

31.  bu3  ttCUCftC  (9ebtrf)t :  the  announcement  of  the  epic  £>ermamt 
itnb  2>orotl)ea,  which  Goethe  read  aloud  to  some  of  his  friends  as 
he  composed  it. 

32.  bcftedje :   optative   subjunctive,   may  wine   .  .  .  favorably 
incline  your  ear. 

33-34.  The  poem  will  picture  German  family  life  among  the 
humbler  classes,  where  the  people  are  close  to  nature ;  it  will  be 
national. 

35.  bc3  X>itf)ter3  =  J.   H.  Voss,  a  translator  and  ardent  student 
of  Homer,  and  the  author  of  Suife.    See  Appendix  C,  (d),  page  227. 

36.  Luise's  father  married  her  on  the  spur  of  the  moment  to 
her  fiance"  without  waiting  for  the  appointed  wedding  day.     See 
Appendix  C,  (d) ,  page  229. 

37.  bie  trourtgcn  83tlber  tier  Qtit :  the  scenes  of  the  French 
Revolution  which  form  the  background  of  the  epic  §ermann  unb 
Dorothea.     See  Canto  VI  and  Appendix  D,  (a),  page  232. 

39.  ^»at)r  id) :  inverted  order  is  regularly  used  in  conditional 
clauses  when  roenn  is  omitted. 

40.  Siufleub  :  as  I  sang  or  with  my  song.     Goethe  frequently 
uses  the  present  participle  as  an  adjective  or  adverb  in  this  poem, 
where  modern  usage  prefers  a  dependent  clause. 

41.  fci :  hortatory  subjunctive,  Jet  it  be. 

43-46.  An  exhortation  to  optimism.  Goethe  wishes  his  friends 
to  forget  the  hardships  of  the  years  passed  and  to  make  the  most 
of  the  advantages  gained  by  adversity. 

46.   bcffen:  genitive  with  un«  erfreitert. 

I.    ftolliope.    Sdjicffal  unb  Slnteil. 

Goethe  first  planned  the  poem  with  six  cantos  ;  later  he  changed 
it  to  nine  and  used  for  the  title  of  each  the  name  of  one  of  the  Greek 
Muses,  as  Herodotus  (c.  484-424  B.C.)  had  done  in  his  history.  In 
the  Theogony  Hesiod  (c.  750  B.C.)  names  the  Muses  in  the  order : 


150  NOTES.  [1, 1-4. 

Clio,  Euterpe,  Thalia,  Melpomene,  Terpsichore,  Erato,  Poly- 
hymnia, Urania,  and  Calliope.  Herodotus  uses  them  in  this  order. 
Goethe  has  tried  to  adapt  the  Muse  to  the  content  of  the  canto. 
A  sub-title  indicating  the  subject  of  the  canto  more  definitely  is 
placed  below  each. 

Calliope,  the  beautiful-voiced,  was  the  chief  of  the  nine  Muses. 
She  presided  over  epic  poetry  and  so  fittingly  introduces  the  poem. 
The  picture  here  given  is  a  reproduction  of  Edward  Simmons' 
painting  in  the  Library  of  Congress  at  Washington,  D.  C.  These 
Muses  are  reproduced  here  through  the  kindness  of  Curtis  and 
Cameron  of  Boston,  the  publishers  of  the  Copley  prints. 

3d)tcffdl :  refers  to  the  fate  of  the  fleeing  emigrants  from  beyond 
the  Rhine,  'Jlntetl :  to  the  sympathy  for  them  of  the  Germans  east 
of  the  Rhine,  especially  the  townspeople  in  this  story. 

Lines  1-2.  £06*  id)  .  .  .  bod)  ;  $ft  food) :  bod)  or  ja  with  the 
inverted  order  is  often  used  in  assertions  for  the  sake  of  emphasis, 
/  certainly  have  never,  or  I  declare,  I  have  never.  &en  9)Zurft : 
the  square  in  front  of  the  inn  (see  illustration  facing  page  10). 
Such  a  market-place  is  a  feature  of  every  German  town.  There  is 
a  fountain  in  the  middle,  and  here  the  peasants  bring  their  products 
for  sale. 

On  the  meter  of  the  poem  see  Appendix  E,  (f),  (1),  page  252  and 
especially  E,  (f),  (2),  page  256. 

2.  gefefyrt  =  auggefehrt :   Goethe  uses  this  figure  often.        fiinf= 
jig :   fiinfjig  is  almost  universally  used  now.      See  Appendix  E, 
(e),  page  248. 

3.  Xcudjt  ntir :  mid)  biinft  is  the  commoner  form  now;  compare 
English  methinks;  see  also  Canto  IV,  line  104;  VII,  122;  VIII, 
70  ;  IX,  84.         Micbcit :  the  landlord  is  recalling  vividly  the  first 
rush  of  the  citizens  to  see  the  fugitives  and  uses  the  preterit  where 
we  should  expect  the  present  tense.        toon  .  .  .  9Sctt)of)ncrit :  da- 
tive in  a  partitive  sense  with  funf  jig,  as  the  Latin  uses  ex  with  the 
ablative,  instead  of  the  partitive  genitive,  after  numerals. 

4.  2Ba§  bic  92eugicr  nidjt  tut :  dependent  order  is  common  in 
exclamations.        remit  nub    Ifiuft  are  synonyms,  but  the  former 
denotes  greater  speed,  races  and  runs. 


1,5-17.]  /.    KALLIOPE.  151 

5.  $ertrtc6eitcn  :  Germans  from  across  the  Rhine,  who  are  flee- 
ing from  the  path  of  war.     See  Appendix  D,  (a),  pages  232-234. 
and  Appendix  C,  (a),  pages  218-223. 

6.  Tnmmtucii :  the  main  highway  two  or  three  miles  from  the 
town;  it  is  also  called  §ocf)lv>eg,  Canto  I,  line  137,  and  Sljauffee, 
Canto  V,  line  146.     A  3)ammtt>eg  was  an  elevated  road,  usually 
through  low  or  swampy  ground.     Sfjaitffee  is  the  word  now  gener- 
ally used.        uidrijcit  :  adverbial  accusative  of  space  passed  over. 
tmntcr :   at  best.        3Hhtbri)CU :   distance  in  Germany  is  usually 
measured  by  the  length  of  time  it  takes  to  travel  it.     @tltnbe  is 
about  three  miles. 

7.  Ifiilft  man  :  man  with  the  active  voice  is  very  common  in 
German.     Do  not  translate  by  one,  but  use  some  subject  like 
people,  we,  you,  they,  or  use  the  English  passive  when  the  verb  is 
transitive.     The  story  begins  after  noon  and  ends  the  same  even- 
ing.    See  Appendix  D,  (b),  page  234- 

8.  90focf)tT  :  optative  subjunctive  expressing  a  wish,  I  should  not 
like  to.     For  bod)  see  note  to  lines  1-2  above.    For  the  sake  of  the 
meter  the  order  of  poetry  is  often  different  from  prose.     This  sen- 
tence would  read :  9JJod)t'  ici)  mid)  bod)  nid)t  Dom  ^ptat^  riifyren,  nm 
ba§  (Slenb  flitter  flic tjenber  9JJenfd)en  gu  jefyen.        (Henb :  from  the 
Old  High  German  etUIentt,  in  a  foreign  land,  an  exile  (see  Canto 
V,  line  99,  where  this  meaning  occurs).     To  be  held  captive  in  a 
foreign  land  as  the  result  of  war  was  a  common  and  most  dreaded 
experience,  so  Gleub,  exile,  came  to  mean  ww'seryand  wretchedness. 

10.  itl>errf)eimfrt)e  :  west  of  the  Rhine  (see  note  5  above).  Jw3 
fdjiitte  :  an  appositional  adjective  standing  after  its  noun  is  a  com- 
mon epic  usage  very  frequently  found  in  this  poem.  See  Appendix 
E,  (e),  page  251. 

13-14.  fort=fcf)trfteft :  when  the  thought  of  one  line  runs  on 
to  the  next  without  pause,  the  construction  is  designated  by  the 
French  term  enjambement  (compare  lines  8,  11,  17,  25,  etc.). 
Prose  would  require  fortfdjirfteft  written  as  one  word.  fitttnett ; 
Setnen  or  £einn)anb  is  more  usual  now. 

16.  28a3  :  colloquial  for  nne.        bod) :  emphatic,  does. 

17.  btt§  *t ittfrt)(iicu  :  diminutive  of  affection,  for  the  carriage  is 


152  NOTES.  [I,  18-26. 

not  small  (see  Canto  I,  line  18  ;  V,  143) .  bn3  ncue :  see  ba§ 
fdjotte,  note  10  above.  bctjucmltd)  :  for  bequem.  Goethe  uses 
forms  in  4id)  very  frequently,  often  because  of  the  meter. 

18.  3(ij?CH :    potential   subjunctive,   might  sit.         Dtcre   is   an 
archaic  plural  form.     See  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  248. 

19.  Prose  order  would  be  :  tnie  teidjt  e§  um  bie  Gcfe  rolU  ! 

20.  Xorc  :  an  archway  leads  from  the  street  to  the  yard  and 
stables  in  the  rear  of  the  inn.     From  either  side  of  it  doors  lead  to 
the  main  parts  of  the  house  (see  illustration  facing  page  10).     The 
Lion  Inn  at  Ilraenau  (see  Appendix  D,  (b),  page  236}  has  a  similar 
archway.        cm  SKorfte  :  goes  with  be«  §oufe3. 

21.  $&0i)(6el)agltdj :    words  compounded  with  rooh(=,  an  imita- 
tion of  Homer,  are  very  common  in  the  poem,  as  toolitueviehen, 
Canto  1,  line  114;  niohfgebilbet,  II,  1;  roohtbegiitert,  II,  248.  etc. 
See  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  251.      jur  $rau  =  511  jetner  grau,  using 
the  definite  article  for  the  possessive  adjective.        jum  pfbcnen 
Sbtoetl :   (at  the  sign)  of  the  Golden  Lion  (note  the  sign  on  the 
illustration  facing  page  10)  ;  git  is  the  regular  preposition  used  with 
names  of  inns,  shops,  etc.     See  Appendix  D,  (b),  page  234  for  a 
discussion  of  the  original  scene  of  the  story.     2)er  SSirt  is  in  many 
ways  very  like  Goethe's  father,  proud,  reserved,  methodical,  neat, 
and  exacting,  often  quick-tempered,  but  at  heart  very  fond  of  his 
wife  and  children.     The  elder  Goethe  was  many  years  older  than 
his  wife.     See  page  x. 

22.  Uttb  C§  Herfefete  barmtf :  a  frequent  Homeric  introductory 
phrase.       Me  f htge,  Derftfinbige  £jau§frau :  for  the  Homeric  use  of 
fixed  epithets  to  characterize  the  different  people  see  Appendix  E, 
(e),  page  250.     The  §au$frau  is  characterized  by  prudence  and 
good  sense.     She  also  has  many  traits  of  Goethe's  own  mother. 
See  note  to  Canto  II,  line  140. 

24.  if*  =  bient.    511  fyabett  :  after  fein,  bteiben,  etc.,  the  infinitive 
with  jit  is  used  as  a  gerundive  and  has  a  passive  meaning,  to  be  had. 

25.  iljm  :  genitive  with  bebarf. 

26.  fcejfcre  :  the  comparative  is  frequently  used  in  this  poem  in 
the  Latin  relative  sense,  rather  good,  i.e.  "better  "  than  is  usually 
given  away.        an  :  in  the  way  of. 


1,29-43.]  /.    KALLIOPE.  153 

29.  mit  inbianifdjcn  ^lumcit :   the  dressing-gown  was  made  of 
old-fashioned   East-Indian   calico   with   a   large-flowered   pattern, 
tnbtanifdj  =  inbtfd)  or  oftinbijci) ;  inbtanifd),  as  well  as  Siibianer,  is 
now  usually  used  to  apply  to  American  Indians. 

30.  .S{ nttuu  :  pronounce  it  to  rhyme  with  balloon. 

31.  The  wife  seeks  every  excuse  for  her  charity  that  she  may 
not  be  scolded. 

32.  *}(bcr :   a  frequent  connective  not  necessarily  implying  an 
adverse  statement.     Compare  the  Latin  autem  and  see  Appendix 
E,  (e),  page  261. 

34.  oftinbifdjett  3toff>3  :  genitive  of  quality.        frtegt :  colloquial 
for  befommt. 

35.  2Bof)( :  oh  well,  or  never  mind.     In  ®id)tung  unb  SBafyrbeit 
Goethe  says  of  his  father  that  he  "  kept  everything  that  pertained 
to  his  dress  very  clean  and  in  good  order  and  saved  it  many  years 
longer  than  he  used  it,  «o  that  he  had  a  certain  liking  for  old 'cuts 
and  trimmings." 

36.  oitrtout :    ( French)  a  long,  loose  overcoat.         ^Befefdje  : 
(Hungarian)  a  short,  close-fitting  coat  with  braid  trimming,  often 
fur-trimmed  and  worn  for  hunting.     It  is  said  to  get  its  name  from 
a  Hungarian  officer  called  Bekes  (pronounce  Bekesch). 

37.  ift :  in  poetry  the  verb  is  often  singular  to  agree  with  the 
nearest  subject,  or  in  this  case  ^antoffet  unb  9)tii^e  may  be  taken 
together  for  neylige.       WitlJC  :  probably  night-cap.     The  informal 
garb  of  the  village,  dressing-gown,  night-cap,  and  slippers,  had  to 
give  way  to  city  styles  as  the  town  grew. 

38.  lutebcr  =  $uritrf. 

39.  flttt :  often  used  adverbially  with  verbs  to  indicate  in  com- 
pany icith,  too,  also. 

40.  ctUeit :  dative  of  interest  or  reference.     In  referring  to  parts 
of  the  body  and  articles  of  clothing  the  German  often  uses  a  dative 
of  the  person  with  the  definite  article  instead  of  a  possessive. 

41.  fuJjri  =  brand)!. 

42.  9)Jb'd)tr  id)  bod) :  compare  lines  1-2  and  8  above,  and  notes. 
Construe  nud)  with  nictjt. 

43.  iiuufcu   unb   fetbett  :    note  the  alliteration  ;    compare  the 


154  NOTES.  [1,44-59. 

English  kith  and  kin,  life  and  limb,  house  and  home,  and  see  lines 
86,  109,  116,  120,  etc. 

44.  nttt  9Zarf)brurf  :  the  landlord  does  not  wish  to  hear  the  story 
of  misery  retold,  so  he  resorts  to  the  weather,  emphatically. 

46.  fcrittgen  :  present  for  future  tense,  as  often.         f£rurf)t :  may 
be  used  for  all  the  fruits  of  the  earth,  but  here  especially  for 
grain  ;  fruit  is  Cbft. 

47.  s-h>ulfrt)C»  :  not  a  sign  of  a  cloud.        311  feljen  :  see  note  24 
above. 

48.  9)Zorgcn  =  Often  ;  so  Slbenb  is  used  for  west,  2ftittag,  south, 
and  SftUternacI)!,  north.        Weljet:  for  mefyt,  because  of  the  meter. 

49.  ftorn  :    not  corn,   but  grain;  often  limited  to  rye.     This 
passage  indicates  the  time  of  year.    See  Appendix  D,  (b),  page  234. 

50.  Read  :  bie  reichticfje  Srnte  ju  fdjneiben. 

53.  flcfaljrcu:  the  German  uses  the  perfect  participle,  where 
the  English  has  the  present,  with  verbs  of  motion  to  indicate  the 
manner  of  traveling  more  specifically,  came  driving. 

56.  3>m  fleoffnetcn  SBogeu :  a  landau  is  a  two-seated  carriage 
with  a  top  that  may  be  let  down,  so  that  it  may  be  used  open  (see 
illustration  in  Webster's  International  Dictionary).     Diintzersays 
that  the  carriage  is  so  called,  not  because  it  was  manufactured  in 
Landau,  but  because  the  Emperor  Joseph  I  (1678-1711)  appeared 
in  such  a  carriage  at  the  siege  of  Landau  in  1702.     Many  carriages 
of  this  kind  were  built  in  Strassburg;    Goethe's    first    trip  to 
Weimar  in  1775  (see  page  xix)  was  delayed  several  days  because 
a  new  landau  for  the  journey  did  not  arrive  promptly  from  Strass- 
burg (25icf)tung  unb  2Bah,rf)eit,  Part  IV,  Book  XX). 

57.  ©ttffc  (English,  gate)  :  the  original  German  word  for  street, 
now  meaning  a  narrow  street  or  alley  ;  ©trafte  (English,  street), 
now  meaning  a  broad  street,  probably  comes  from  the  Latin  strata 
via,  a  paved  street. 

58.  Jyabrtf  en :    manufactures  here,  rather  than  factories,  the 
regular  meaning;  genitive  with  ftd)  befleif?(ig)en.     See  Appendix 
D,  (b),  page  235. 

59.  tlttb  fo  :  another  favorite  introductory  phrase.    See  line  32 
and  note,  and  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  251. 


1,60-83.]  /.    KALLIOPE.  155 


60.  bus  ttxutberubc  $olf :  the  returning  townspeople  crossing  the 
square  (3)?arft)  in  front  of  the  inn  (see  illustration  facing  page  Iff). 

64.  flcfcfyn:  supply  haben.        tt»o§   311   ft^aucn:  the  sight  of 
which,  the  subject  of  madjt. 

65.  Gfjpaar :  the  complete  form  is  Ghepaar  ;  such  contractions 
are  common  in  the  poem.     See  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  248. 

67.  The  frequent  use  of  the  present  participle  for  a  dependent 
clause  is  Homeric  ;  it  permits  greater  condensation  of  phrase. 
fid) :  dative  with  511  understood  in  the  verb  fadjclltb  =  guftidjelnb. 

71.  'Sflfj :  introduces  a  clause  in  apposition  with  bariti  (in  this 
respect)  understood  after  bod)  in  the  previous  line.  bcffillct :  for 
beftillt,  because  of  the  meter.  See  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  £48. 

73.  3eber :    supply  JSuft  .  .  .  gu  fehen  from   the  line  before. 
pcinltd) :  an  old  legal  phrase,  under  penalty  of  torture  and  death 
(compare  the  Latin  poena). 

74.  fpajtcrt :  regularly  used  as  an  infinitive  with  some  verb  like 
getjen  or  fabren  to  indicate  the  manner  of  traveling.    It  means  to 
go  for  pleasure.        fdjdltett :   a  variation  for  the  more  common 
fel)en.        2*errrtebnen  :  goes  with  gfenb  below.     The  genitive  more 
frequently  precedes  its  noun  in  poetry  than  in  prose.     Read  :  um 
ba«  Gtettb  ber  gittett  SBertriebenen  ju  fdjauen. 

77.  UttDer5etf)Hd) :  the  apothecary  has  apparently  forgotten  that 
he  was  one  of  the  curious  who  went  to  see. 

78.  ^farrfyerr :  more  dignified  and  formal  than  ^Jfarrer,  which 
is  also  often  used  in  the  poem. 

79.  niil)cr  bent  SDtottne :  the  comparative  in  the  Latin  sense  of 
rather  near  to  manhood,  i.e.,  approaching  his  prime,  probably  in 
the  early  thirties. 

80-83.  The  pastor  is  the  only  character  thus  digressively  de- 
scribed ;  all  the  others  we  learn  to  know  from  their  actions  and 
words.  Such  pure  description,  not  connected  with  action,  is  con- 
sidered a  defect  in  the  epic.  See  Appendix  E,  (d),  page  247. 
Herder,  whom  Goethe  met  at  Strassburg  as  a  man  of  twenty-six 
(see  page  xv),  may  have  furnished  the  original  for  the  pastor. 
Goethe  himself  was  also  an  ardent  student  of  the  Bible  (see  page 
xiv),  and  the  pastor  often  voices  his  philosophy  of  life. 


156  NOTES.  [1,84-103. 

84-85.  WHS  immcr  .  .  .  fitr  :  a  compound  pronoun  ;  tinnier 
makes  it  more  indefinite,  no  matti-r  what,  whatever  they  man  '"'• 
The  prose  order  would  be  :  roc*  tinnier  fitr  iinid)dblid)e  Xriebe  bie 
gute  2)iutter  5Jatur  bent  2)ienid)en  gab.  flab  :  has  a  subjunctive 
force,  may  have  given. 

86.  Notice  the  alliteration  :  i<erftanb,  ^ernunft,  Dermbgen,  uer= 
mag.  See  line  43  above. 

86-87.  Goethe  held  that  heredity  is  stronger  than  training. 
Compare  gpiftetn  I,  34-35  : 

©anj  DergebenS  Htd)ft  bit  batjer,  burd)  ©d)riften  be3  3)lenfd)en 
®d)on  entidjtebenen  £>ang  unb  jeine  9?etgung  JH  n'enben. 


88.  SorftC  :  inverted  order  is  regularly  used  in  conditional 
clauses  when  roenn  is  omitted. 

90-92.  The  pastor  indicates  the  three  stages  of  human  wants 
and  desires.  The  young,  impelled  by  curiosity,  want  variety  (bae 
'Jieue),  the  mature,  the  practical  (ba§  9MtMtd)e),  and  the  old,  the 
ideal  good  (ba$  ®ute).  This  idea  is  further  developed  in  the  fol- 
lowing lines  (93-99). 

93.  Scidftfinn  =  $rol)funt,  as  in  line  97,  buoyancy  of  spirit, 
rather  than  frivolity.  In  these  lines  Goethe  expresses  his  own 
philosophy  of  life.  He  did  not  believe  in  "  crying  over  spilt  milk,"' 
but  rather  in  making  the  best  of  any  bad  situation. 

94-95.  licilfam  flcf(t)n>tnt)C  :  irith  ivholesome  or  salutary  speed. 
The  use  of  two  adjectives,  the  first  uninflected,  or  two  adverbs 
without  a  connective  is  a  classical  construction  often  used  by 
Goethe.  bic  Spureu  tilget  I»e3  fdjmcr^Hcfyen  ltbe(£  :  the  separa- 
tion of  the  genitive  from  its  noun  is  a  common  classic  usage. 
See  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  251.  uorbci^og  =  uorbetgepfjen  tft. 
The  preterit  frequently  takes  the  place  of  the  perfect  on  account 
of  the  meter. 

101.  In  the  classics  3f)r,  applied  to  one  or  more  persons,  is  a 
polite  form  corresponding  to  the  modern  @ie.  It  is  usually  capi- 
talized, though  itjr  also  occurs.  flcfelni  :  for  gel'etjen  habt,  be- 
cause of  the  meter.  fccgeljrt'  :  optative  subjunctive,  7  should  like. 

103.   norf)  bcm,  .  .  .  crfoljren  =  nad)  allebem,  road  id)  erfatjren 


I,  104-1-29.]  /.    KALLIOPE.  157 

fyabe.  2Ba8  should  be  used  as  a  relative  pronoun,  instead  of 
bet*  or  it>e(cf)e§,  after  atf.ee  and  other  indefinite  antecedents. 

104.  wcr  erjfifylct  =  fonnte  erjatjfen  :  the  subjunctive  has  the 
force  of  who,  pray,  could  tell,  or,  who,  I  should  like  to  know. 

105-106.  liic  3@tcfctt :  accusative  of  space  passed  over.  The 
adverb  nluuiivto  has  almost  the  force  of  a  preposition. 

109.  Note  the  alliteration.     23>anbrcr  and  2B(igClt  are  genitive 
plural  depending  on  ©ebrang'  unb  (^etitmmef. 

110.  lining  bcr  Airmen  :  partitive  genitive  used  in  more  formal 
diction  :  S3lrme  genug  would  be  more  common.     See  note  to  Glegie, 
line  21. 

111.  ciit',elit :  adverb,  from  each  individual,  in  detail.        fei : 
subjunctive  in  an  indirect  question. 

114.  nitr  :  adds  indefiniteness,  whatever,  everything  that.    Com- 
pare tmmer,  line  84  above.        ucvlitrflt  =  btrgt,  for  the  sake  of  the 
meter. 

115.  SBirt  =  fcansnrirt.       umfyer  .  .  .  gefefrt  tyat  =  umt)erge= 
febt  hat. 

117.  ®agcn :  usually  a  four-wheeled  vehicle ;  ftnrrcn,  a  two- 
wheeled  one  that  is  drawn,  and  Starve,  a  push-cart  or  wheelbarrow. 
Confusion  similar  to  that  pictured  here   Goethe  had  seen  in  his 
campaigns  in  1792-1798.     See  Appendix  C,  (b),  page  223. 

118.  $urct)etuanber    gelufccn :    contrast    with   an    bie    rect)ten 
®tetlen  gefeljt  in  line  116. 

120.   Sett :  just  the  feather  bed. 

122.   bent  SDJcnfdjen  :  dative  of  separation  with  nimmt,  line  121. 

124.  3Ufo :  so,  thus,  just  so,  never  the  P>nglish  also.  ntit  tttt= 
befonncner  Sorgfnlt :  with  thoughtless  care.  The  combination  of 
contradictory  ideas  is  a  favorite  classic  figure  (oxymoron)  ;  com- 
pare the  Latin  sa/jiens  insania,  wise  folly. 

127.  sHnd)  fo  =  ebenfo. 

128.  feincfii  (yebraudjefif :  a  genitive  of  characteristic  or  quality 
in  imitation  of  the  Latin,  an  unusual  usage  in  German,  where  a 
better  prose  form  would  be  Sacljen  511  feinem  (Sebrand),  or  bie  md)t 
braucf)bar  roaren. 

129.  ficijte  =  ©evingfte,  the  least. 


158  NOTES.  [1,136-168. 

136.  itbcrgcpnrttcit  =  iiberpacften,  probably  used  because  of  the 
meter.     liber  meaning  over,  to  excess,  regularly  forms  inseparable 
compounds. 

137.  oufli  bem  ©Icifc  gebrongt :  goes  with  9fab  in  line  138. 

139.  tttt  3rf)umugc  :  as  the  wagon  tipped  over. 

140.  gliitflid) :  i.e.  without  any  serious  injury.     In  the  $am= 
pagne  in  ^ranfreid)  Goethe  relates  a  similar  incident.     See  also 
Appendix  C.  (a),  page  219. 

141.  Spftter  :  the  next  instant. 

145.    gtitflcn  unb  sogeit :  on  foot  and  in  wagons. 

149.  Jriigcn  :  potential  subjunctive,  could  or  were  able  to  bear. 
arf)',cn  :  from  ad)  fagen,  as  blijen  means  to  address  a  person  with 
the  pronoun  bu.  We  should  use  the  present  participle  ad)$enb, 
rather  than  the  infinitive  here. 

152.  9JJ5flC  :  optative  subjunctive,  may  Hermann ;  bod)  inten- 
sifies the  wish. 

156.  niiirbctt :  subjunctive  in  a  purpose  clause  introduced  by 
bafj.  fdjieuen  line  felbcr  beruJjtgt :  satisfied  our  consciences. 

159.  Read :  bie  mir  mehr  Derljafjt  ift  ats  ba«  libel  fdbft.  This 
sentiment  was  characteristic  of  Goethe  and  his  mother. 

161.  Supply  bie  with   Sonne.      In    colloquial  speech  and  in 
poetry  the  definite  article  is  often  omitted.         Wormerc :  for  the 
positive  form  because  of  the  meter. 

162.  !iD2ittterd)en :  the  diminutive  form  as  a  term  of  endearment 
is  very  common  in  German    and  difficult  to  translate  (compare 
the  English  mother  dear).    Note  the  tenderer  side  of  the  land- 
lord's disposition  brought  out  in  these  few  lines,  especially  line  159. 

163.  Xrcuutbarfjtygcr :    the   vintage  of   1783  was  particularly 
abundant  and  of  excellent  quality. 

165.  Mfjluttg  :  genitive  with  ftd)  freiten. 

166.  be3  .  .  .  SBeineS :   the   partitive   genitive  depending  on 
verbs  is  an  imitation  of  the  classics  now  only  found  in  poetry. 
Prose  prefers  the  accusative,  or  tho  dative  with  Don. 

168.  Wbmern :  some  trace  the  word  to  the  Latin  vitrum 
romarium,  a  substance  from  which  drinking  glasses  were  first 
made  ;  others  attribute  it  to  the  fact  that  such  glasses  were  used  in 


1,171-195.]  I.    KALLIOPE.  159 

the  9ionterfaal  at  Frankfort  when  the  health  of  the  Emperor  of  the 
Holy  Roman  Empire  was  drunk  (compare  page  xiii). 

171.  Better  tfaltgett :  the  glasses  were  clinked  before  beginning 
to  drink. 

172.  benfettb  =  nacfjbenfenb:  thoughtfully,  reflectively.     See  Ap- 
pendix E,  (e),  page  248. 

173.  Read  :  ber  SBirt  forbert'  ihn  nttt  freunblicfyen  SBorten  auf. 

174.  $rifdj  .  .  .  getrnnfett :  Come,  drink !    The  perfect  parti- 
ciple is  often  used  with  imperative  force  (compare  Singeftiegen  !  all 
aboard}. 

174-175.  Read :  benn  nod)  hat  un«  ©ott  gnabig  Dor  Ungfiicf 
beiualjrt. 

177.  $a :  when,    geftraft :  supply  hat. 

178-179.  bc6  sJluge§  fijftttdjen  9tyfel:  note  the  phrase  in  the 
Salzburg  story  Appendix  C,  (a),  page  222. 

180.  un§  :  a  double  construction,  as  often  in  Latin,  accusative 
as  object  of  fdjii^en,  and  dative  with  §Ufe  bereiten. 

181.  cr:  ®ott. 

183.  gefcnut,  gefegnet:  supply  Ijat.       uni»  burnt  fie  =  unb  bie 
er  bamt. 

184.  5»Cljo  :  for  je£t ;  obsolete,  except  in  poetry. 

185.  Better;  milbc  :  express  the  prevailing  characteristics  of  the 
pastor. 

187.    mart)t :  supply  an  object,  e.g.  einen. 

191.  SBenn:  with  the  preterit  ttenn  means  whenever;  otherwise 
als  is  used.      rcifenb  nac^i  meinem  ®ef(I|oft :  traveling  in  pursuit 
of  my  business,  an  unusual  phrase. 

192.  Goethe  was  very  fond  of  the  Rhine  and  often  speaks  of  it 
in  his  writings,  especially  in  ®icf)tintg  unb  SBafyrljeit. 

194.  ben  Jranfcit  for  ben  or  bie  granjofen  :  this  form  was  com- 
mon in  Germany  during  the  French  Revolution. 

195.  nUucri]tubcrubcr :  an  adjective  coined  by  Goethe  ;  he  often 
did  this.    The  line  implies  that  the  Rhine  had  not  yet  been  crossed, 
but  the  French  general  Moreau  crossed  at  Kehl  in  June,  1796,  and 
Jourdan  was  operating  victoriously  on  the  lower   Rhine.      See 
Appendix  D,  (a),  page  233. 


160  NOTES.  [I.  198-213. 

198.  $rtcbeH  :  preliminary  peace  was  made  between  Napoleon 
and  Austria  at  Leoben  in  Styria,  Austria,  April  18,  1797,  but  the 
formal  treaty  was  not  signed   until  October  17,  1797,  at   Canipo 
Fonnio.     The  landlord  may  refer  to  separate  treaties  made  earlier 
by  individual  German  states  with  the  French  Republic. 

199.  9)Jofje  :  see  line  152  and  note.        gfeft  =  grtebenSfeft. 
200-201.    Macaulay's  History  of  England,  Volume  I,  chapter  9 

says:  "The  Te  Deum  was  sung  with  unwonted  pomp;  and  the 
solemn  notes  of  the  organ  were  mingled  with  the  clash  of  the 
cymbal  and  the  blast  of  the  trumpet.''  The  Te  Deum  ('  We 
praise  Thee,  O  Lord ' )  is  said  to  have  been  composed  by  St. 
Ambrose  (c.  340-397).  It  is  still  used  in  the  Catholic  ritual  as 
a  formal  hymn  of  thanksgiving,  and  is  also  a  popular  Protestant 
hymn.  The  first  lines  are  : 

Te  Deum  laudanuis  ;  Te  Dominum  confitemur, 
Te  aeternum  Patrem  omnis  terra  veneratur. 

204.  £anbett :   ?anber  is  the  usual  plural ;  Sanbe  is  poetic  and 
means  rather  districts,  here,  in  all  the  states  of  Germany. 

205.  ^snfirC'tnn  '    for   the    usual    3ahre£tag,    because    of    the 
meter. 

207.  9)Jir :  /  grant  you,  I  know,  ethical  dative  —  a  personal 
pronoun  inserted  loosely  in  a  sentence  to  indicate  the  indirect  in- 
terest or  sympathetic  concern  of  the  speaker  or  listener.  nnrfj 
uufjcit  =  au§  bem  $auje  :  in  company,  among  strangers.  The 
father,  who  is  fond  of  society  and  outward  pomp,  is  not  exactly 
satisfied  with  his  shy,  quiet  son. 

211.  5t(fo  fprod)  cr  :  a  Homeric  phrase.  See  Appendix  E,  (e), 
page  250,  and  compare  Haec  ubi  dicta  in  the  Aeneid. 

211-213.  Note  the  lively  close  promising  greater  action  in  the 
future.  We  almost  feel  that  the  father  was  wrong  when  he  said 
that  his  son  was  too  quiet.  The  meter  accords  very  effectively 
with  the  stirring  ending. 


II,  1-22.]  II.     TERPSICHORE.  161 


II. 

Terpsichore,  the  one  delighting  in  the  dance,  is  the  especial  com- 
panion of  Melpomene  (see  Canto  VIII)  and  the  patroness  of  choral 
song  and  dance.  She  is  appropriately  chosen  to  head  the  canto  in 
which  Hermann,  whose  name  supplies  the  sub-title,  returns  in  such 
a  joyous  7iiood.  She  is  usually  represented  as  a  graceful  figure 
clad  in  flowing  draperies  and  bearing  the  plectrum  or  lyre. 
Edward  Simmons  has  portrayed  her  most  admirably  in  his  beauti- 
ful painting  in  the  Library  of  Congress  at  Washington,  which  is 
reproduced  here. 

1.  luoljlflebilbete  =  tt>oh(gefta(tete.      ©ebifbet   is  more  generally 
used  of  mental  ability,  educated,  cultivated. 

2.  ctttgcgen  :  goes  with  fdjcmte  as  a  compound  verb. 
6.    .Ui'iitmt  .  .  .  bod) :  see  note  to  Canto  I,  lines  1-2. 

7-8.  The  adjectives  muittcr,  lebfjrtft,  frofylid),  and  Better  contrast 
strongly  with  the  father's  characterization  in  Canto  I,  line  207, 
tongfant,  fdjtichtent. 

10.  Wulitfl,  ernftlidj :  indicate  Hermann's  character  in  general. 
ernft(td)en  =  entften. 

15.  Worb  .  .  .  gcpttrfct :  singular  verb  with  plural  subject  (com- 
pare Canto  I,  line  37,  and  note).     In  Old  and  Middle  German  most 
strong  verbs  had  two  "ablaut"  changes  in  the  preterit  tense,  one 
for  the  singular,  and  the  other  for  the  plural,  id)  ttmrb,  nnr  tmirben. 
The  singular  vowel  has  generally  prevailed  for  the  whole  tense  in 
modern  German,  but  toerben  still  keeps  both.     SBarb  is  more  stately 
and  literary,  ftwrbe  more  common. 

16.  £or  =  ©tdbttor  here,  the  town  gate.      Old  German  towns 
were  usually  surrounded  with  a  wall  (bie  2ftcuter). 

19.  befycitbe  :  Old  High  German  bt  benti  —  bei  ber  §anb,  con- 
venient, hence  quickly,  adroitly. 

21.  mciitCv  93Jege3  :  adverbial  genitive  of  the  way.        btc  tteue 
<3trufje  :  accusative  of  space  passed  over.     See  also  Canto  I,  lines 
105-106,  and  note. 

22.  mir :  dative  of  interest  or  reference  with  tn«  2Utge.    The 
dative  of  the  pronoun  is  often  used  with  the  definite  article  to  take 


162  NOTES.  [11,23-57. 

the  place  of  the  possessive  adjective,  especially  when  referring  to 
parts  of  the  body  or  articles  of  clothing. 

23.  5lu3lattb3 :  the  German  territory  west  of  the  Rhine.  Ger- 
many was  not  a  united  nation  at  this  time,  so  SBaterkmb  was  gener- 
ally used  to  apply  only  to  the  special  section  in  which  a  person  was 
born  ;  every  other  section  was  SlueJanb. 

24-27.  Our  first  impression  of  Dorothea  is  that  she  is  ftarf, 
ffug,  and  getaffen,  rather  than  beautiful. 

27.  ben  ^Sferben :  dative  with  naber. 

29.  alS  :  with  the  positive  form  of  the  adjective  rote  should  be 
used.  2U8  used  to  be  common  and  may  still  be  found  in  modern 
writings,  but  nne  is  preferable. 

31.  Read  :  urn  ben  "Jtrmen  lo§  $u  roerben.  Written :  accusative 
with  log. 

32  ff.  For  the  source  of  this  incident  see  Appendix  C,  (b), 
page  224- 

34.  gcrcttct :  supply  habe. 

35.  erljielt  =  behielt. 

39.  9lttd)  :  belongs  with  wetvn  in  the  line  above. 

40.  28firT  Gild)  =  hattet  3br.     Sue!)  is  dative  of  possessor.      iuu3 
=  etroaS  :  connect  with  trgenb,  any  .  .  .  at  all.       Gntbdirlidjecf : 
in  apposition  with  roa8.     A  partitive  genitive  was  formerly  used  in 
this  connection. 

44-45.  ©utett  lUcufrtjcu ;  bent  ormen  SBmber :  datives  used 
with  verbs  compounded  with  prepositions  that  govern  the  dative, 
$ufprec!)en,  beuorfteben. 

47.  bcr  norftctt  92otbitrft :  abstract  used  for  the  concrete,  as 
often  in  Homer,  to  the  destitute  and  distressed. 

50.  mit  5rcu^clt  :  German  uses  the  plural  where  the  English 
has  the  singular.  Such  phrases  may  often  be  translated  by  an 
adverb,  joyfully  (compare  the  Latin  ablative  of  manner  cum 
gaudio). 

52-53.  Note  the  simple  faith  expressed  in  plain  biblical  lan- 
guage ;  note  also  the  weight  of  the  last  line  owing  to  the  unusual 
number  of  monosyllables. 

56-57.  311 ;  burd) :  postpositive  prepositions  standing  after  their 


II,  58-90.]  //.    TERPSICHORE. 

nouns  instead  of  before.  Surd)  rarely  stands  so,  ju  often.  Surd) 
may  also  be  construed  adverbially ;  then  9iad)t  is  accusative  of 
duration  of  time. 

58.  allcS  unb  jebe§  :  one  and  all,  every  bit  of  it ;  a  favorite  ex- 
pression with  Goethe. 

61.  ^uricfpuft  roar  mir  tm  ^crjctt :  a  favorite  Homeric  phrase. 
Compare  the  Iliad,  I,  189,  and  see  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  250. 

62.  mit  eilcnbeu  OJoffen:  also  Homeric.      9?ofj  emphasizes  the 
spirit  of  the  animal,   steed,   charger,   war-horse.      Compare  the 
opposite,  ®aul,  a  nag.    tyietb  is  the  common  word  for  horse. 

62.  64.  erreidjte,  gfibc :  subjunctives  in  indirect  questions. 
tterteiltc  :  subjunctive  in  a  purpose  clause  introduced  by  bamit. 

67.  nllctitc :   an  older  form,  used  here  because  of  the  meter ; 
attein  is  more  common. 

68.  ben  sJZatftctt  bcflcibe :  compare  Matthew  xxv,  36  :  3d)  war 
nacft  unb  ifjr  babt  mid)  beftetbet. 

70.  c§  ift  mir  =  id)  ha  be :  mir  is  dative  of  possessor.  @ein  is 
sometimes  used  with  the  dative  to  denote  possession,  as  esse  is  in 
Latin.  See  also  line  40  above. 

73.  mit  3iun  :  because  she  knows  the  people  and  their  needs. 
Hermann  addresses  Dorothea  with  the  familiar  bu  ;  she  answers 
with  the  formal  3hr. 

75.  berfetben  :  genitive  with  ftd)  erfreuen. 

76.  bie   Soften :    probably  inadvertently  used  for  ben   ^aften. 
See  lines  70,  79. 

78.  2Betne3  llltb  SBicr3  :  partitive  genitives  where  modern  usage 
calls  for  appositives  gfafdjen  2Bein  unb  sgier.  Note  alle3  ttitb  jebe3 
again.  Compare  line  58  above. 

82-83.  gccnbct :  supply  batte.  ber  flcfprodjijic  9Zarf)tior :  the 
apothecary.  There  has  been  no  reason,  as  yet,  to  term  him 
"talkative,"  but  set  descriptive  adjectives  do  not  always  accord 
with  the  sense.  nnljiu  bttfi*  SBort :  began  to  speak.  Compare 
the  French,  prendre  la  parole. 

85.   £Bem  :  dative  of  interest  or  reference. 

90.  This  is  the  first  spondaic  hexameter.  See  Appendix  E,  (f). 
(2),  page  256. 


164  NOTES.  [IK  92-116. 

92.  ftrfiuter  Uttb  SBur^dn:   gathered  for  medicinal   purposes. 

93.  9)ttfjtr:  preterit  subjunctive  ;  the  conclusion  of  the  condition 
is  omitted,  as  often  happens. 

94.  Don  .frnitfc  =  uom  Bailie  fort  or  roeg  ;   probably  used  as  a 
companion  phrase  to  $u  §cmfe.     Diintzer  says  that  the  apothecary 
does  not  mean  to  imply  that  he  would  leave  his  assistant  behind  in 
danger,  but  that  the  assistant  could  look  out  for  himself.    He  gives 
him  the  same  service  that  a  wife  would,  without  any  of  the  cares 
and  worries  that  a  family  would  entail. 

95.  Ifiarfdjoft :    ready    cash    and    valuables.      Compare    bare§ 
(Se(b,  cash  money,  change. 

98.  &etne§tt)ege£  :  modifies  benf  only  ;  adverbial  genitive  of  the 
way. 

99.  Woljl:  pray  tell  me.     The  first  bet  is  emphatic,  that  one, 
the  second  is  relative,  icho. 

102.  mijrfjf  :  optative  subjunctive.      See  Canto  I,  line  8,  and 
note.        fll§  je :  goes  with  Heber. 

103.  be§   fdjiifceitbett   9)Ianne3 :   poetic   for  be«    ©chutes  be€ 
3Jianne§  ;  genitive  with  bebarf. 

104.  28eib3  :  in  general  2Beib  is  not  as  elegant  a  word  as  ftrau, 
which  is  commonly   used,   but  in  poetry  they  are  used  inter- 
changeably. 

105.  <3o  fybV  tdj  bid) :  supply  fpredjen  or  reben. 

106.  ntir :  ethical  dative,  in  my  opinion.     See  note  to  Canto  I, 
line  207. 

109.  ittt§ :  a  reciprocal  pronoun  =  eincmber. 

110.  unb  =  fonbern. 

111.  wci^  =  erinnere.        tage3  :  adverbial  genitive  of  time. 

112.  23ranb  :  the  great  fire  referred  to  in  Canto  I,  line  121. 

113.  The  day  of  the  week  is  fixed  here.     Because  it  was  Sunday 
so  many  people  were  able  to  go  out  to  see  the  refugees,  and  our 
characters  have  leisure  for  conversation  and  discussion. 

114.  £dt  =  3ab,re«$eit,  or  ba«  ^Better. 

115.  fpajierenb  :  see  Canto  I,  line  74  and  note. 

116.  sJ!)Jithlett :  because  of  beauty  of  location,  mills  were  favorite 
Sunday  resorts,  and  refreshments  were  often  served  there.     Ger- 


II,  11T-140.J  //.    TERPSICHORE.  165 

man  families  regularly  spend  Sunday  out-of-doors  together,  in  the 
country  or  in  parks. 

117.  The  barns  and  granaries  of  country  villages  are  often 
placed  together  at  one  end  of  the  village. 

119-120.  Note  the  repetition.  See  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  248. 
What  is  this  figure  called  ?  foer :  has  the  force  of  mit  ber,  filled 
with. 

122.  sJcdrf)t :  see  note  to  lines  56-57  above. 

123.  5tngcr:    a  grass-plot  or  common  often  adjoined  or  sur- 
rounded small  towns  and  villages. 

124.  9J?orgClt3  :  adverbial  genitive,  indefinite  time. 

125.  nor  ber  Sonnc  =  oor  bent  Sonnenaufgang. 

126.  Gffeit :  literally,  a  forge  or  furnace.     Stands  for  @ii)orn= 
ftein  here. 

127.  aflcilt :  a  stronger  and  more  formal  connective  than  aber. 

128.  Goethe  often  pictures  nature  as  affecting  or  in  harmony 
with  man's  moods.     Compare  Canto  IX,  lines  173-176. 

129.  @3  trtcfi  mid) :  the  impersonal  form  emphasizes  the  vague- 
ness of  the  impulse. 

130-131.  geftanben,  gerettet,  gefie&t:  supply  batte,  fatten, 
fyatte. 

134.  foil :  addressed  to  her  husband. 

135.  £>tr :  dative  of  interest  or  reference.     See  note  to  Canto 
II,  line  22. 

136.  Read  :  nicfjts  nmr  bom  £tere  ju  feb,en. 
138.   gefd)icbcn :  supply  fyatte. 

140.  iMc*rf]Cit :  the  diminutive  and  pet  name  for  Elizabeth,  also 
the  name  of  Goethe's  mother.  Many  traits  of  Hermann's  mother 
remind  one  of  Goethe's  mother.  That  she  was  intended  for  the 
original,  we  may  imply  from  her  letter  to  Goethe  on  June  17, 
1797,  in  which  she  says :  "I  am  looking  forward  with  great  joy  to 
the  work  in  which  there  shall  be  a  Frau  Aja."  She  was  popularly 
called  "Frau  Rath  "  or  "  Frau  Aja  "  and  prominent  men  and  even 
grandduchesses,  friends  of  her  talented,  popular  son,  were  glad 
and  eager  to  correspond  with  her  and  visit  her.  Her  sunny  opti- 
mism is  reflected  in  many  of  her  letters.  A  few  quotations  will 


166  NOTES.  [II,  143-161. 

give  a  better  insight  into  her  beautiful  character:  "Order  and 
repose  are  leading  traits  of  my  character ;  hence  I  do  everything 
at  once,  on  the  spur  of  the  moment  —  the  most  disagreeable  always 
first."  "I  do  not  hunt  for  thorns,  but  grasp  small  joys;  if  the 
doors  are  low,  I  stoop  ;  if  I  cannot  remove  the  stone  from  the  way, 
I  go  around  it ;  and  thus  I  find  every  day  something  to  give  me 
pleasure."  "True,  I  have  the  grace  of  God  that  no  human  being 
of  whatever  rank,  age,  or  sex  has  ever  left  me  discontented.  I 
love  people,  and  old  and  young  feel  it."  It  is  no  wonder  that 
Goethe  loved  this  dear  mother  deeply,  and  that  old  and  young 
came  from  miles  away  to  visit  "  Frau  Rath." 

143.  i>fl§  £ur  be3  ^>cwfe3  :  the  one  under  which  the  parents 
were  sitting  at  the  opening  of  the  story.  See  Canto  I,  line  20  and 
note.  This  scene  of  their  courtship  had  probably  always  remained 
a  favorite  resting  place  with  them. 

146.  mit  freunbltd)  bebeutenbett  SBortcu  =  mit  freunbUdjen  unb 
bebeittenben  SBorten.  In  poetry  the  first  of  two  attributive  adjec- 
tives is  often  treated  as  an  adverb.  See  note  to  Canto  I,  line  94. 

149.  jum  Satcr  btc  SDlutter^ju  meinem  Hater  beine  2Kutter. 
It  used  to  be  customary  to  employ  mediators  to  arrange  engage- 
ments. See  Canto  VI,  lines  254-273. 

151.   (SJe&alfeS  :  genitive  with  ertnnr'  id)  mid). 

154.  ben  ©oljtt  mir  ber  ^Mflcnb :  a  biblical  phrase.  Compare 
Proverbs  v,  18  :  ,,greue  bid)  be8  SBetbeS  beiner  3ugenb,"  and  see 
Canto  VI,  line  228  for  the  same  phrase.  For  the  separation  of  the 
genitive  from  its  noun  see  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  251. 

156.  Sludj:    connect  with   in  biefen  traurigen  3eiten-         cttt 
2Rabd)en  :  she  is  thinking  of  no  particular  girl,  least  of  all,  per- 
haps, of  Dorothea.        Xcnfcn  :  often  used  transitively  in  poetry. 

157.  e$ :  explained  by  ju  fretn.        ttwgteft :  preterit  subjunc- 
tive, you  would  dare. 

161.  fceffer  tft  bcffer :  a  common  proverb,  said  to  come  from  the 
Polish.  The  complete  form  is  :  ,,©itt  tft  gut,  aber  beffer  tft  beffer." 
In  2)id)tung  unb  SBatjrhdt  Goethe  mentions  that  it  was  his  father's 
great  desire  that  his  children  should  have  greater  advantages  than 
he  had  had,  and  that  they  should  occupy  a  higher  station  in  life. 


II,  167-209.]  //.    TERPSICHORE.  167 

167.  9Kond)erIci :  genitive  with  bebarf.     In  Canto  V,  line  13, 
the  pastor  says  that  man  wants  much,  but  needs  little. 

168.  fef)' :  hortatory  subjunctive.     be3  ®elbe3  :  partitive  geni- 
tive depending  on  meljr.     An  appositive  is  preferable  now,  metjr 
®eib. 

175.  Side  fieiltroattb :  German  brides  have  immense  quantities 
of  household  linen  for  their  dowries,     tier  £ott)tcr :  dative  of  in- 
terest ;  f iir  with  the  accusative  is  more  common  now. 

176.  iljr  =  ber  Xodjter.     In  Germany  godparents  frequently  give 
their  godchildren  gifts  of  silver  each  year. 

183.    The  thrifty  father  believes  more  in  sense  than  in  sentiment. 

185.  I)o(t  fie  al3  2Kagb  =  betjanbdt  fte  o(«  2ttagb.  mit  bem 
IsBiutbel :  it  was  just  so  that  Dorothea  came.  See  Canto  IX,  line 
100.  Such  prophetic  expressions  are  characteristic  of  the  epic  and 
are  frequently  used  by  Homer. 

188.  Srf)tt)iea,ertiJd)terd)eit :  a  nice  little  daughter-in-law,  not  a 
Sftagb  mit  bem  33iinbel.    For  the  diminutive  as  a  term  of  endear- 
ment see  also  Canto  I,  line  162. 

189.  au3  jenent  ^>aufe  :  they  can  see  it  across  the  square  from 
where  they  are  sitting.        See  illustration  facing  page  10. 

194.  311  fyaben  :  see  Canto  I,  line  24  and  note. 

195.  293firr :  see  note  to  Canto  I,  line  88.        @tott :  ©telle  is 
more  common.         id)  IjottC  :  for  fytitte  id). 

196.  Supply  fottbern  id)  Ijcitte  at  the  beginning  of  the  line.       ber 
sj)2iib(f)cn  :  partitive  genitive  with  ein§. 

199.  erjogcn :  supply  worben. 

200.  In  Germany  a  fountain  is  usually  found  in  the  center  of 
the  market-place.      See  illustration  facing  page    10.     In  small 
towns  it  is  the  children's  playground.     Goethe  often  played  around 
the  one  in  Frankfort.     See  illustration  on  page  xii. 

202.  longe  fdjon  Ijer  =  fdjott  lange  fyer. 

207.    Supply  etroaS  with  tabclten,  which  is  a  transitive  verb. 

208-209.  Goethe  had  similar  embarrassing  experiences  during 
his  student  days  in  Leipzig,  as  he  relates  in  ®id)tung  unb  2Baf)rh,ett. 
His  father  always  bought  good,  serviceable  material  for  their  cloth- 
ing and  always  supplied  generously,  but  he  was  also  thrifty.  He 


168  NOTES.  [11,217-255. 

had  a  servant  who  had  been  a  tailor,  and  so  he  let  him  make 
Goethe's  wardrobe.  The  clothes  were  not  the  latest  style  and  were 
the  subject  of  jest  in  the  highly  artificial  and  rather  snippy  Leipzig 
society.  When  a  common  comedian  appearing  on  the  stage  one 
evening  dressed  exactly  like  Goethe  brought  down  the  house 
in  laughter,  Goethe  decided  to  make  an  end  of  the  jests.  The 
next  day  he  sold  his  large,  expensive  wardrobe  to  a  second-hand 
man  and  bought  a  new  one,  far  less  extensive,  but  up-to-date. 

217.  on  Dftertt :  $u  Oftern  is  the  common  phrase  ;  an  is  prob- 
ably used  to  avoid  repeating  ju  (jute^t). 

219.   SBurfdje  :  the  regular  plural  is  SBuricften. 

224.  famine,  £ambtO  :  the  hero  and  heroine  in  Mozart's  opera 
The  Magic  Flute  (2)te  3auberf(6te),  first  performed  in  Vienna  in 
1791,  and  in  Weimar  in  1794.  The  songs  from  this  opera  were 
popular  in  that  day,  so  Hermann  was  very  much  behind  the  times 
in  not  knowing  them. 

228.  @r :  the  third  person  singular  was  at  one  time  the  politest 
form  of  address,  but  it  later  lost  caste  and  at  this  time  was  used 
only  to  imply  contempt  or  a  sneer,  as  from  a  superior  to  an  in- 
ferior ;  so  Hermann  might  well  feel  offended. 

229.  oitf:  emphatic  position.     Read:  laitt  (adjten  bie  SOMbchen. 
auf. 

232.  fo  Hid  fie  aurf) :  aud)  makes  the  phrase  more  indefinite, 
however  much. 

235.  9JZtt  ben  ^ingem  :  in  his  disgust  and  desire  to  forget  this 
fine  society,  he  did  not  even  wait  to  use  a  comb. 

241.    1>ie  :  emphatic  demonstrative  pronoun,  she  is  the  one. 

247.  Read:  ${§  bit  nur  ju  s$ferben  unb  gum  xJlcfer  i'uft  be$eigteft. 

248.  cin  ftitccfit  flfjoit :  a  mere  servant. 

250.    seijjte  :  preterit  subjunctive  =  ftcf)  jetgen  fotlte. 

252-253.  In  his  anger  the  father  no  doubt  exaggerates  condi- 
tions. That  Hermann  learned  slowly,  especially  because  of  his 
bashful  disposition,  we  may  well  believe,  but  he  surely  was  not 
the  dunce  of  the  school. 

255.  hiunuf  ttriH  :  with  an  adverb  of  direction  a  verb  of  motion 
(fteigen,  ftreben,  fommen)  is  often  understood. 


11,256-111,8.]  ///.    THALIA.  169 

256.  Goethe's  father  frequently  reproved  him  for  not  making 
better  use  of  his  extraordinary  talents. 

257.  bic  ScJjrer  flcljalten :   employed  private  teachers.     Goethe 
did  not  attend  a  public  school ;  he  was  taught  at  home  by  his 
father  and  by  private  tutors.     See  page  x. 

263.  cut  tiiiurifriic*  9Kfibcf)ett :  not  necessarily  a  peasant  girl, 
but  one  who  was  not  dainty  and  pretty  as  the  girls  across  the 
square. 

264,  270.   mir:  ethical  dative,  I  tell  you. 

272.  3umitrtiio  :  adverbial  genitive  of  indefinite  time. 

273.  Stltbc :   a  room   heated   by   a  stove.     In   English,  stove 
meant  originally  a  heated  room,  not  the  apparatus  for  heating  it. 

III.    £ljalta.    £ie  Sitrger. 

Thalia,  the  blooming  one,  is  the  joyous  Muse,  the  patroness  of 
the  banquet  accompanied  by  song  and  music,  who  also  favored 
rural  pursuits  and  pleasures.  As  the  Muse  of  comedy,  usually 
represented  with  a  comic  mask,  shepherd's  crook,  and  a  wreath  of 
ivy,  she  is  chosen  to  head  the  canto  in  which  the  conversation  of 
the  citizens  (2>ie  33iirger)  brings  out  the  lighter,  more  humorous 
side  of  this  small-town  life.  Edward  Simmons,  in  his  painting  in 
the  Library  of  Congress  at  Washington,  which  is  reproduced  here, 
represented  the  later  Roman  conception  of  her  as  Muse  of  comedy. 

1.  SRebe  :  dative  of  separation  with  enttinrf). 

2.  lieputtcit :  supply  fyatte. 

5.  2?ater:  dative  with  the  adjective  gleid).  In  3)id)tung  unb 
2Saf)d)ett  (Part  I,  Book  I),  Goethe  says:  "It  is  the  earnest  wish 
of  all  fathers  that  what  they  have  missed  shall  be  realized  for  their 
sons."  So  in  the  Iliad  Hector  takes  his  little  son  Astyanax  in  his 
arms  before  his  departure  and  prays  that  the  gods  may  give  him 
fame,  so  that  in  the  future  men  may  say  :  "This  youth  surpasses 
far  his  father." 

6-7.  more  =  nwrbe  .  .  .  tuerbcn.  wore  ;  gebadjte :  subjunc- 
tives in  a  condition  contrary  to  fact. 

8.    XHitolnub  :  see  note  to  Canto  II,  line  23. 


170  NOTES.  [111,9-30. 

9.   bent  33obett  :  dative  of  separation  with  eitttoacf)fen. 

12.  tt>e3:  archaic  for  roddjeS. 

13.  bo3  8tobtd)en  betretenb:   for   roenn  or   fobalb  man  ba$ 
@ta'btrf)en  betrttt,  in  prose. 

14.  Xiirnte  :  the  towers  over  the  gateways  of  the  wall  surround- 
ing the  town,  such  as  are  still  to  be  seen  in  Nuremberg  and  Ro- 
thenburg. 

17.  .'can*? :  since  the  public  officials  are   only  responsible  for 
public  buildings,  this  probably  means  9tatt)au8. 

18.  bcr  :  emphatic,  that. 

19.  Orbltung  linb  SKcinlidjfeit :   predominant  characteristics  of 
Goethe's  father,  which  he  transmitted  to  his  son. 

20.  511 :  an  is  more  usual ;  ju  implies  rather  to  get  the  habit  of; 
an,  to  get  used  to. 

22.  raniiu  fja&T  id)  genmnfdjt:  since  the  wish  is  still  cherished, 
we  should  say  rather  barum  ttmnfd)'  id)  jchon  lange.  Goethe's 
father  had  similar  desires  for  him.  He  had  traveled  much  in  Italy 
and  wished  his  son  to  do  the  same. 

23-24.  These  cities  are  not  far  from  the  probable  scene  of  the 
story  and  are  also  closely  connected  with  Goethe's  own  life.  In 
Strassburg,  the  capital  of  Alsace-Lorraine  (population  179,000  in 
1910),  Goethe  finished  his  legal  studies.  It  is  famous  for  its  cathe- 
dral and  university.  See  page  xv  ff.  Frankfort,  Goethe's  birth- 
place (population  41,000  in  1817;  415,000  in  1910),  was  a  famous 
commercial  free  city  in  which  the  German  emperors  were  crowned. 
See  page  ix  ff.  Mannheim  (population  194,000  in  1910),  which 
was  entirely  rebuilt  in  1699,  after  its  destruction  by  the  French  in 
1688,  was  laid  out  in  regular  (gleid))  blocks  with  streets  intersect- 
ing at  right  angles  and  was  the  most  symmetrical  and  modern  city 
in  Europe.  It  is  43  miles  southwest  of  Frankfort  and  Goethe  paid 
it  many  visits.  The  most  memorable  one  was  in  1771,  on  his 
return  from  the  university  at  Strassburg,  when  he  first  became 
acquainted  with  the  masterpieces  of  Greek  art  in  its  hall  of 
antiquities. 

28.  £urm  =  -Sirdjturm. 

30.    Aioitrilc  :  water  pipes,  not  canals. 


111,31-72.]  III.     THALIA.  171 

31.    fei:  impersonal,  translate  geiter  as  the  subject. 
33.    JBcniljerr:  as  Prime  Minister  of  Weimar  Goethe  was  Com- 
missioner of  Highways  and  Public  Works. 

35.  28uS  id)  aitfjob,  (habe  id))  emfifl  betrtcbcn. 

36.  uerfieften  =  Heftett. 

39.  ©tra^e  :  compare  Canto  I,  line  6,  and  note. 

40.  bie  ^Uflenb  :  the  coming  or  rising  generation. 

42.  Shakespeare  says  :  "  Home-keeping  youth  have  ever  homely 
wits." 

46.   betn  SBiUtfd)  :  see  line  5  above. 

47-49.    These  lines  give  Goethe's  view  on  education. 

52.  ntir :  ethical  dative,  for  my  part,  or  as  far  as  I  am  con- 
cerned. 

53-54.  bcr  ©iiter :  genitive  with  roert.  23urgertt  tmb  SJauern : 
the  dative  depending  on  a  noun  is  rare ;  we  should  rather  use  fur 
with  the  accusative.  Note  the  alliteration. 

55.  ntdjt  bcr  le^tc :  by  implication,  one  of  the  first.  The  ex- 
pression of  a  strong  affirmative  by  the  negative  of  the  opposite 
statement  is  a  rhetorical  figure  called  litotes.  Goethe's  mother 
often  took  his  part  when  he  had  aroused  the  displeasure  of  his 
stern,  pedantic  father.  In  Goethe's  case  this  usually  happened 
because  he  had  been  too  lively. 

59.  ffittb  :  subjunctive  in  a  purpose  clause. 

60.  cr  toerbtCltt*  e3  :  a  summing  up  of  the  mother's  regard. 

62.  ettt  tmtltberltd)  $otf :  in  familiar  speech  and  poetry  neuter 
adjectives  are  often  undeclined  in  the  nominative  and  accusative 
singular.     These  words   imply  that  the   father   is  again  in   good 
humor.     His  outbursts  of  anger  are  of  short  duration  and  often  for 
effect.     The  mother  understands  him,  and  does  not  take  him  too 
seriously.        fo  rtitc  =  fo  Wofyl  ttrie. 

63.  $ebe#  *  used  collectively,  both  women  and  children. 

65.  ber  2UtCtt :  probably  means  of  our  forefathers,  though  he 
may  have  the  Latin  proverb  in  mind  :  Non  progredi  est  regredi. 
2)ie  Sllten  usually  means  the  Greeks  and  Romans. 

72.  befdjranft  =  eingefcfjranft ;  befcljranft  implies  rather  narrow- 
minded,  dull. 


172  NOTES.  [III.  73-100. 

73.  wcnn  =  wenn  and)  :  even  if. 

74.  Ta$  Scbiirfni^  =  feine  ^ebiirfitiffe. 

75,77.  tjatt';  lntt)te  :  subjunctives  in  conditions  contrary  to  fact 
with  the  condition  suppressed.  mubtfchcit  iJleit>rf)Cit,  i.e.  new  paint. 

78.  nttt  flfofjeit  2d)etbett :  small  round  windows  were  the  old 
style.  Large  panes  were  later  introduced,  and  were  a  sign  of 
wealth. 

80.  hnbeit :  supply  ift;  see  note  to  Canto  I,  line  24. 

81.  t>a3  HCttC  :  not  new,  but  enteitert.     See  Canto  I,  line  55. 

82.  White  stucco  scrolls  («5d)ti6rfd)  on  green-paneled  back- 
grounds (^elber),  a  renaissance  style. 

83.  £ufeltt :  either  the  large  panes  of  glass  or  the  frames  in 
which  the  panes  were  set ;  3rf)cibcn  :  the  smaller  panes  of  glass. 

84.  Dcrbuitfdt :  quite  cast  in  the  shade. 

86.  5Utn  Gucjel :  the  Archangel  Michael  and  the  dragon  were 
the  insignia  of  the  apothecary  shop,  for  the  conquest  of  the  dragon 
symbolizes  the  triumph  of  medicine  over  sickness.     For  5um  com- 
pare Canto  I,  line  21  and  note. 

87.  ©ortcn  :  the  garden  was  outside  the  town  wall,  as  was  the 
landlord's.    This  explains  jeber  SReiienbe  in  line  88,  and  hinauegehen 
in  lines  98-99.     German   towns  used  to  be  built  within   narrow 
limits,  so  that  they  could  easily  be  surrounded  by  walls,  and  so 
there  was  no  room  for  extensive  grounds  around  a  city  home. 

89.  Stone  figures  and  colored  dwarfs  scattered  about  the  garden 
were  characteristic  of  the  rococo  style,  a  hodgepodge  of  excessive 
ornamentation,  fantastic  scrolls  and  shell  work,  common  in  Europe 
in  the  eighteenth  century. 

94.  bcr  tenner  felfcft  =  jdbft  ber  tenner. 

95.  3n  fceiK  Socle  :  the  ©artenjaaf  of  the  summer  house  in  his 
garden.     See  the  picture  of  Goethe's  ©artenb/mS  on  page  xxi. 

96.  2Bo  =  roorin,     in  the  paintings,   which  were  also  in  the 
affected  rococo  style. 

100.  2Bie  fter3  Ijet^en  :  he  himself  does  not  approve  of  the  new 
styles ;  he  is  a  laudator  temporis  acti,  a  believer  in  the  good  old 
days  of  the  past.  Gotten  unto  Sonfc :  the  trellis-work  and 
benches  in  the  garden. 


Ill,  102-IV,  12.]  IV.    EUTERPE.  173 


102.  bug  frembe  $ol$  :    mahogany,   the  wood    used  for    the 
plainer  and  more  elegant  colonial  style  introduced  into  France  in 
1777  by  Benjamin  Franklin. 

103.  id)  tt)firr  e3   silfrteben  :   /  should  be  pleased;  e8  is  an 
archaic  genitive  with  jufrieben,  now  felt  as  an  accusative, 

104.  sit  flefytt  mit  ber  3eit  :  to  follow  the  fashion. 

107.  in  =  in'n  =  in  ben  Sinn,  shortened  for  metrical  reasons. 
ben  (Sngel  sJDJid)ael  :  see  line  86  above. 

IV.    (guterpc.    Gutter  unb  ©oJjn. 

Euterpe,  the  well  pleasing,  the  Muse  of  lyric  poetry,  properly 
heads  the  canto  in  which  Hermann  confesses  to  his  mother  his 
newly  found  love,  the  usual  theme  of  the  lyric.  She  is  a  divinity 
of  joy  and  pleasure  and  the  inventress  of  the  double  flute  with 
which  she  is  usually  represented.  Edward  Simmons'  conception 
of  her  is  reproduced  here  from  his  painting  in  the  Library  of  Con- 
gress at  Washington.  The  sub-title  indicates  that  we  are  to  leave 
the  petty  discussions  of  the  men  to  follow  again  the  more  interest- 
ing thread  of  the  story. 

3.    ftetnernen  :  Canto  I,  line  66,  calls  the  benches  hbfjernen. 

6.   flefnitft  :  supply  hatte.        ntcmanb  :  dative  with  Bertraiien. 

8.  boppdtcn  ^>ofc  =  bie  beiben  §ofe  :  the  two  estates  joined  by 
the  marriage  of  Hermann's  father  and  mother.  See  Canto  II, 
line  138. 

10.  SDZanern  :  the  wall  around  the  city  was  still  standing. 

11.  tfjn  :  accusative  of  the  space  passed  over.        Ijtnburd)  :  with 
verbs  of  motion  an  adverb  of  direction  has  almost  prepositional 
force,  governing  the  accusative.     See  also  Canto  I,  lines  105-106. 

12.  bdn&cit  bic  2tftc  =  bie  belobenen  Itfte  be§  9lpfelbaum«  ruhten. 
&fte  are  the  large  main  branches,  3ftW9e/  the  smaller  ones  branch- 
ing from  the  sj(fte.     Note  the  position  of  the  nominatives  and  geni- 
tives, a  figure  called  chiasmus,  from  the  Greek  letter  X.     Note  also 
the  minute  description  that  we  get  of  the  garden  as  the  mother 
walks    through    it.     This    union   of    description    with    action   is 
Homeric.     See  Appendix  C,  (c),  (1),  page  226. 


174  NOTES.  [IV,  14-38. 

14.   g(eid)  =  at«  fte  ooriiberging. 

17.  £aube  :   open-work  arbors  covered  with  vines  are  to  be 
found  in  almost  every  German  garden,  even  the  smallest.    The 
family  gathers  here  to  work  and  talk. 

18.  crbltrfte  =  erblicft  l)atte. 

20-21.  Goethe's  father  had  a  garden  outside  the  Friedberg  gate 
in  Frankfort,  which  he  visited  with  his  two  children  nearly  every 
day  in  summer.  Goethe's  maternal  grandfather  Textor  was 
mayor  of  Frankfort  for  many  years.  His  paternal  grandfather 
had  been  landlord  of  the  inn  3um  2Beibenl)of  in  Frankfort  (see 
page  x)  some  years  before.  ^urgcntetftcr :  the  more  usual 
modern  form  is  iBiirgermeifter. 

22.  The  town  wall  was  surrounded  by  a  moat  (©raben)  which 
was  now  dry.     The  vineyards  were  beyond  this.    Goethe  describes 
a  similar  scene  in  2)icf)timg  unb  2Bal)rb,eit,  Book  I. 

23.  Strafe  :  not  the  Xammroeg  or  (£l)cutffee  (Canto  I,  line  6),  but 
probably  a  road  encircling  the  town. 

24.  fteiteren    ^$fab3 :     adverbial    genitive    of    manner.        bie 
J\'l(icf)e  .  .  .  gefefyrt :  accusative  absolute,  dependent  on  a  present 
participle  like  fjabenb  understood;  it  may  be  translated  by  with. 

25.  ben  :  accusative  of  the  way  passed  over.     See  line  11  above. 
Read  :  unb  freute  ftd)  im  ©teigen  ber  gillie  bet  Xrauben. 

27.  bcr  Ijolje  nttttlere  Snubganfl  :  in  the  Rhine  region  the  vines 
are  generally  trained  individually  on  stakes,  but  along  the  path 
they  were  trained  over  a  trellis  for  shade. 

29.  (SJutebei :  known  as  Chasselas  in  France  and  England. 

30.  JRiJtKd)  bfoue  :  purple. 
32.   23erg  =  SBeinberg. 

34.  ^>erbfte3  :  sometimes  used  for  2Beinlefe,  a  joyful  festival  in 
the  Rhine  country  corresponding  to  our  carnivals  and  Mardi  Gras. 
In  2)id)tung  unb  2Bab,rb,eit,  Book  IV,  Goethe  describes  a  vintage 
near  Frankfort,  the  gayest  and  most  enjoyable  time  of  all  the  year. 

36.  Hcfct:  third  person  singular  (for  lieft)  from  lefen  in  its 
original  meaning  of  pick,  choose  (compare  Latin  lego).  DJoft :  the 
unfermented  juice  from  the  trodden  grapes. 

38,   ber  (Srntett  fdjiwfte  =  bie  fdjonfte  ber  Grnten. 


IV,  39-66.]  IV.    EUTERPE.  175 

39.  bent  Soljitc  :  the  dative  instead  of  the  accusative  with  rufen 
(in  the  sense  of  jurufen)  occurs  in  classical  poetry.  gcrufctt: 
supply  hatte. 

42.  ttjr  :  dative  with  fremb. 

43.  cr  fugt'  e3  tfyr  bemt  =  oljne  e§  ihr  jit  fagen ;  this  usage  of 
betm  in  the  sense  of  ohne  is  biblical  and  poetical. 

47.    iilciri)fttllo  :  as  well  as  baS  ^fortdjen  (line  19). 

51.  mit  flolbcncr  firaft :  abstract  for  the  concrete.    Compare 
Canto  IV,  line  98,  and  V,  141. 

52.  Read :  3nrijcf)en  ben  "itcfern  fd)ritt  fie  ouf  bem  3iaine  ben 
^ufopfab  hinburcf).     Waiuc  :  in  Germany  fields  are  separated  by  a 
strip  of  grass  a  foot  or  two  wide ;  fences  are  not  common.    The 
fields  are  laid  out  in  longitudinal  strips  (sit<fer)  for  different  crops. 

53.  In  the  Odyssey,  Ulysses,  returning  after  his  long  wander- 
ings, sees  his  father  in  the  garden  as  he  himself  sits  beneath  a 
large  pear  tree  and  weeps  tears  of  joy. 

55.   gepflanst :  supply  hatte. 

57-58.  be$  2JJal)te,  be3  JBic^ :  genitives  with  fid)  frenen  and 
roarten. 

62.  ©ctitrg  :    probably  the  mountains  across  the  Rhine  (jen= 
feit§),  the  Vosges,  or  possibly  those  beyond  which  Dorothea  would 
disappear  from  him  forever  (auf  immer,  line  211  below). 

63.  riiJjrf  :  berithrt  is  more  common  now. 

64  ff.  Caroline  von  Wolzogen,  a  friend  of  Goethe's  who  was 
fortunate  enough  to  hear  him  read  parts  of  his  poem  as  he  was 
writing  it,  said  of  this  passage  :  "  I  remember  how  Goethe,  deeply 
moved  and  with  flowing  tears,  read  to  us,  immediately  after  its 
composition,  the  canto  that  contains  the  conversation  of  Hermann 
with  his  mother  under  the  pear  tree.  '  So  one  melts  by  his  own 
coals,'  he  said,  as  he  wiped  his  eyes."  It  may  be  remarked  that  it 
was  not  formerly  considered  unmanly  to  weep,  as  it  is  now.  The 
greatest  heroes  in  the  Iliad  wept  freely  and  were  not  ashamed 
of  it. 

66.  bcr  Bungling  ebfen  $efiif)fe3 :  a  Homeric  phrase.  See 
Appendix  E,  (e),  page  250.  ebteit  ®efiiljlc3 :  genitive  of  char- 
acteristic. 


176  NOTES.  [IV.  72-187. 

72.    bent  ift  =  er  b,at:  dative  of  possessor.     See  note  to  Canto  II, 
line  70.        ctjernen  :  Homeric  ;  compare  the  English  heart  of  steel. 
76.   flcfclicu  «nb  getjiirt :  supply  babe. 

83.  ^Client  .  .   .  $olfc :   the   French.     See  Appendix   D,  (a), 
page  232. 

84.  ou§  =  Don  in  prose. 

88.  Uitfnll :  dative  of  separation  with  entgeben  ;  =  bem  Unfall, 
ber  alle«  bebrofyt. 

90.  cntfrf)itlbta,t :  supply  bat.  An  only  son  whose  parents 
needed  him  was  excused  from  military  duty.  Hermann's  patriotic 
feeling  now  resents  this  privilege. 

92.  btc  SBtrtfdjoft :  the  farm  work.        ®ctt»crbc :  the  trade  in 
wine,  etc.,  the  hotel  business. 

93.  war1  id)  nidjt  =  tat'  id)  nid)t  or  roar'  e§  nidjt. 

96.  bem  SBatedanbe :  in  prose,  fur  ba3  SBatertanb  would  be 
better.  See  note  to  Canto  III,  line  54. 

96-97.    lebett,  flebcit :  the  only  instance  of  rhyme  in  the  poem. 

104.   mtr  beudjt :  see  note  to  Canto  I,  line  3. 

106.  fefyrett  =  ^uritcffehren. 

109.  Hermann  refers  to  his  father's  remark  in  Canto  II,  lines 
254-255,  which  hurt  Hermann's  sensitive  disposition  deeply. 
Sage  :  hortatory  subjunctive,  let  father  say.  fcer  (£f)re  (3efiif)l 
=  ba«  Gb,rgefiif)f. 

115.  flcmafj :  one  of  the  less  common  prepositions  governing 
the  dative. 

121.    nidjt :  for  the  repetition,  see  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  248. 

125.  brittgt :  for  the  transitive  verb  bra'ngt  or  tretbt ;  bringen  is 
intransitive. 

127.  bcm  anbcren:  dative  with  gleid). 

128.  Compare  the  oft-quoted  lines  from  Goethe's  Jaffo  : 

S§  btfbet  ein  Xatent  ftd)  in  ber  ©tiEe, 
@id)  ein  £h,arafter  in  bem  @trom  ber  2Sett. 

—  Act  I,  Scene  2. 

132.    fonbcrit  =  unterfdjeiben,  to  distinguish,  discriminate. 
137.    geftelj' :  hortatory  subjunctive.    See  note  to  line  101)  above. 


IV,  144-180.]  IV.    EUTERPE.  177 

144-145.  These  lines  probably  express  Goethe's  own  political 
views.  Until  the  Germans  should  act  together  as  a  united  nation 
(as  they  did  in  1870),  it  was  vain  for  one  person  to  use  up  his 
energy  alone.  For  this  reason  Goethe  was  not  actively  patriotic. 
See  page  xxvii. 

148.  bo3  fieljte :  the  extreme  or  final  result.  Men  see  only  the 
goal,  and  the  slightest  obstacle  easily  turns  them  aside. 

151.  ben  llmrocg:  cognate  accusative,  an  object  of  an  intransi- 
tive verb  repeating,  in  the  form  of  the  noun,  the  idea  of  the  verb. 

154.  Read:  2Btber  SBiUen  brtngt  bie  £riine  fid)  bem  2Iuge  ju 
entftiirjen. 

157.  franfcnb  getroffcn  =  getroffen  unb  gefranft.    See  note  to 
Canto  VIII,  lines  37-38. 

158.  ncvbtcnt:  supply  habe.         md)t  .  .  .  unb  =  nieber  .  .  . 
nod).        fctnctt  bcr  £ajje  :  an  unusual  expression  ;  feinen  :  accusa- 
tive of  duration  of  time  ;  ber  2age :  partitive  genitive. 

159.  ntetn  2ie&ftc3  =  me  in  Hebfter  2Bunfd). 

160.  btc  =  biejenigen,  bie,  or  tneldje. 

161.  buitflcr :  when  the  child  is  not  yet  conscious  of  its  ability 
or  purpose  in  life.        gebotett :  perfect  participle  of  gebieten. 

164.  gerarfjen:  perfect  participle  of  rodjen,  which  is  now  usually 
regular. 

166,  167.  These  lines  refer  to  different  occasions.  Goethe 
speaks  in  2)id)tung  unb  23af)rl)eit  of  his  stately  Grandfather  Textor 
iif  dressing-gown  and  slippers  on  Sunday,  when  he,  as  a  boy,  was 
a  regular  dinner  guest. 

173.  um  .  .  .  $u  bufbcn  :  a  result,  not  a  purpose  clause,  only  to. 

175.  6ci  9iat  =  tin  3iat. 

178.  Read :  @tet$  bie  won  £>er$en  511  ehrenbe  SSobJtat  meiner  GItern 
in  ©ebanfen  (babenb).        -JU  etyrenbe :  a  gerundive  construction, 
which  ought  or  deserves  to  be  honored.        2Bof)(tat :   accusative 
absolute.     See  note  to  line  24  above. 

179.  btc  ^>afir  unb  bie  (Mter :  the  stock  phrase  is  §ab'  unb  ®ut, 
our  possessions. 

180.  ft(^  :  dative  of  separation.       ben  £inbem  =  fiir  bie  ^inber. 
Compare  Canto  III,  line  54  and  Canto  IV,  line  96  and  notes. 


178  NOTES. 


185.  be3  XttflS  =  be«  £eben«  or  be*  heiitigen  £ag«. 

187.  nidjt  :  often  so  used  in  exclamations  ;  it  is  superfluous  and 
not  to  be  translated. 

189.  bnd  £tttterl)(w3  :  the  rear  of  the  inn.  Goethe's  room  in 
his  father's  house  in  Frankfort  was  a  ®aii)ftubc  from  which  he 
often  gazed  into  the  distance  with  great  longing  (3)ie!)tung  unb 
SBahrijeit,  Book  II). 

191-193.  bte  $tittn  ;  toenige  Stunben  :  accusative  of  duration 
of  time.  critmrtct  :  supply  babe. 

194-195.   Read  :  bie  Hammer  fon)of)(  nne  ber  §of  unb  ber  ©arten. 

204.  bte  fnli"ri)C  :  refers  to  bad  2ftabd)en,  following  natural  in- 
stead of  grammatical  gender.  The  line  means  that  the  fear  of 
choosing  the  wrong  girl  is  the  greatest  hindrance  of  all. 

208.  bte  :  natural  for  grammatical  gender. 

209.  $fyv  fagt'd  :  a  biblical  phrase,  see  Matthew  xxvi,  25. 

210.  Smut  :  fiancee  or  betrothed  in  German,  not  a  newly  mar- 
ried woman.     From  the  announcement  of  the  engagement  to  the 
wedding  the  woman  is  called  33raut  and  the  man  SBrtiutigam. 

211.  mir  :  ethical  dative,  so  far  as  I  am  concerned. 
213-216.     The  present  for  the  future  tense  makes  the  passage 

more  vivid. 

215.  tft  :  singular  because  £>au§  intb  ©arten  are  taken  in  a  col- 
lective sense,  all  property.     See  also  note  to  Canto  I,  line  37. 

216.  tier  SJhtttcr  :  subjective  genitive  =  the  mother's  love  for 
the  son. 

218-219.  Biblical  wording  ;  compare  Genesis  ii,  24  :  2)arum 
rotrb  ber  3)iann  feinen  3>ater  imb  feine  Sflutter  uerfaffen,  unb  jeinem 
SBeibe  anhangen  ;  see  also  Matthew  xix,  5. 

222.   nutrctbt  =  treibt,  in  prose. 

227.  bod)  :  see  Canto  I,  line  16  and  note.        gcgcttctuaubcr  = 
einanber  gegeniiber. 

228.  ttttbetoegt  =  unbeiBeglid). 

231.    6ra»  :  worthy,  deserving,  not  brave  (tapfer). 
234.  ^o§  :  Wa§  is  the  usual  relative  after  mancf)e§. 
236.    ^enn  er  iff  Sater:  the  German  father  is  very  decidedly 
the  head  of  the  household,  and  his  word  is  very  highly  respected. 


IV,  237-V,  32.]  F.    POLYHYMNIA.  179 


237.  2Bo  =  wenit.    anbm  $ri«tbe  =  bie  ©riinbe  anbrer  (Seitte). 

243.  Wiinfrijrtieu :  the  diminutive  indicates  the  exhilaration  fol- 
lowing the  drinking  of  the  wine,  rather  than  any  real  intoxication. 

245.  twageit  :  hortatory  subjunctive.  bo§  ^rtfrfjgettwgte  gerot 
uur:  the  common  proverb  is  gjrifd)  begonnen,  halb  gelt>onnen,  or 
grtfcf)  geiuagt  ift  fyalb  gettonnen. 

248.   fycbenb  =  erfjebenb. 

V.  ^oltjtjtjnuua.    $>er  SBeltbiirger. 

Polyhymnia,  the  one  of  many  hymns,  the  Muse  of  the  sublime 
hymn  and  of  the  faculty  of  learning  and  remembering,  and  the 
inyentress  of  the  lyre,  is  chosen  to  indicate  the  more  serious  turn 
of  the  story.  Edward  Simmons'  painting  in  the  Library  of  Con- 
gress, which  is  reproduced  here,  portrays  most  beautifully  the 
pensive  attitude  which  usually  characterizes  her.  The  subtitle, 
ber  SBettbiirger,  the  cosmopolitan,  probably  refers  to  the  judge, 
a  man  of  broad,  universal  experience,  especially  because  of  his 
connection  with  the  world-stirring  revolution. 

1.  The  conversation  interrupted  at  the  end  of  Canto  III  is  again 
resumed.  nod)  immer  :  goes  with  faften. 

5.  brnuf :  with  tierjetete. 

6.  233iberfl>rerf)ett  :  refers  to  Canto  III,  line  66.    (Surf) :  probably 
addressed  to  the  landlord. 

7-9.    Compare  Canto  I,  lines  90-92. 

10.  Goethe  did  not  believe  in  revolution  and  radical  changes. 
He  considered  only  conservative  progress  safe.  See  page  xxvii. 

12.   5(Uer  :  often  used  for  jeber. 

14.   bic  £oge  (be«  i'ebenS). 

16.   umgctricbcn  =  tjerumgetrieben. 

19.    inir  :  ethical  dative,  in  my  estimation. 

21.  bie  (£rbe  =  ba«  5e^«<  *"c  ©twnfren  =  bie  SiatyreSjeiteit,  as 
the  Greeks  used  the  word  "  hours." 

27.  toenige  =  roemge  ©ortett. 

28.  mcfjrenb  =  fo  baft  fie  ftrf)  oermetjren. 

32.   (iittbltrf)  =  Itinblicf)e8.    See  note  to  Canto  III,  line  62. 


180  NOTES.  [V,  34-81. 

34.  <3tat»ter  =  (Sroftftabter,  an  inhabitant  of  a  large  city,  in  con- 
trast with  SBiirger,  the  inhabitant  of  a  small  town. 

35-36.  lucnti]  Dcrmijflcub :  translate  as  a  concessive  clause. 
Read  :  3)ie,  obg(eid)  fte  wentg  uevmogen,  geinofynt  fmb,  bent  9?etd)eren 
imb  ben  §ol)erett  ftettf  nadj.juftreben. 

46.  fummcit :  an  archaic  perfect  participle  =  gefomnten.  Com- 
pare such  a  phrase  as  :  3d)  fyabe  ifjit  fommcn  feljen. 

48.  fflUe :  subjunctive  in  an  indirect  statement. 

49.  Dorfjttt :  see  Canto  I,  line  202. 

52.  bciicflitct :  supply  tft. 

53.  fo  fdjiuur  cr :  we  heard  nothing  of  such  a  vow  ;  the  mother 
probably  exaggerates  to  gain  her  end  more  easily.     See  the  similar 
statement  in  the  Salzburger  story,  Appendix  C,  (a),  page  221. 

54.  'X'ic :  emphatic  demonstrative  pronoun  ;  compare  notes  to 
Canto  II,  lines  99,  241  ;  III,  18. 

55.  tft  =  ttnrb  .  .  .  Werben.        ttmrbigfte  :  a  relative  superlative, 
most  worthy. 

63.  fennr :  to  express  what  has  been  and  still  is  the  German 
uses  the  present  where  the  English  has  the  perfect  tense  :  /  have 
known  (and  still  do). 

67-68.  jjenwttfdjt ;  ge^cflet :  supply  habt. 

69.  2Biutfrf)e  =  9?ebennmnfd)e,  for  wealth  and  social  position. 
bu§  (ycroitnfd)tc  :  the  principal  wish,  for  a  happy  marriage. 

70.  Another  biblical  phrase,  see  James  i,  17  :  3ebe  gate  ©abe 
unb  tebe«  woUfommene  ©efchenf  tft  Don  oben  herab  oom  iBater  bet 
Sidjter. 

76.  Diintzer  takes  this  line  as  the  $ent  be£  ©ebid)t§,  the  keynote 
of  the  story.  The  purpose  of  the  entire  epic  is  to  show  the  trans- 
formation that  love  works  in  Hermann  who  has  always  been  shy 
and  bashful  heretofore,  but  now  becomes  aggressive  and  purpose- 
ful. Compare  lines  109-110  below. 

80.  'Scm :   dative  of  interest  or  reference  with  toon  ber  fiippe 
(=  won  ben  ?ippen,  in  prose). 

81.  bte  s)JZittdftrajje  :  '•  the  golden  mean,"  the  aurea  mediocritas 
of  Horace.     Ovid  also  has  the  phrase  medio  tutissimus  ibis,  "you 
will  walk  safest  in  the  middle. " 


V,  82-124.]  V.    POLYHYMNIA.  181 

82.  The  Roman  Emperor  Augustus  (03  B.C. -14  A.D.)  is  said 
often  to  have  repeated  a  similar  phrase  in  Greek.  Compare  the 
Latin  Festina  lente  and  the  English  Hasten  slowly;  Haste  makes 
waste,  etc.  'Jte&tfc  (French  devise,  English  device)  first  meant  a 
section  of  a  shield  on  which  an  emblematical  figure  and  a  motto 
were  designed.  Later  the  motto  alone  was  called  devise. 

86.    l)imutc<  :  where  the  girl  is  ;  supply  gefyen. 

89.  nut  (fefliigdten  SSorten  :  a  Homeric  phrase.  See  Appendix 
E,  (e),  page  250. 

97-98.  iini.itrticc-  feftc  ©cbaube :  many  an  established  institu- 
tion, both  political  and  social.  ^crftort ;  geljoben  :  supply  bat. 

99.  @Ienb :  see  note  to  Canto  I,  line  8. 

100.  In  1791  Louis  XVI  tried  to  escape  from  France  in  dis- 
guise ;  nobles  of  every  rank  attempted  to  evade  the  fury  of  the 
mob  in  this  reign  of  terror. 

101.  Hermann  classes  Dorothea  with  the  best  in  rank,  a  queen 
among  women. 

103.  ofjne  £tlfe  =  hitftos. 

104.  breitcn  =  uevbmten. 
110.   geftorft :  supply  hat. 

115.  Jjiilf r :  the  preterit  subjunctive  in  a  conditional  clause  with 
unexpressed  condition.  In  the  preterit  subjunctive  many  strong 
verbs  keep  the  secondary  vowel  of  the  older  plural  form  to  avoid 
confusion  with  the  present  (fya'Ife,  Ijelfe).  See  note  to  Canto  II, 
line  15. 

118.  mtr  :  may  be  a  dative  of  interest  or  reference  (in  mein 
§au£),  or  an  ethical  dative,  as  far  as  I  am  concerned,  for  all  1 
care. 

120.  befdjeret :  this  verb  originally  meant  a  gift  granted  by  God ; 
later  it  was  applied  to  Christmas  presents.  Goethe  may  mean  to 
imply  that  Dorothea  is  "  a  gift  of  God,"  as  the  name  itself  means. 
See  note  to  Slegie,  page  145,  under  Title. 

120-129.  Note  the  present  used  for  the  future  all  through 
Hermann's  speech. 

124.  SKicberflCfleben  in  @nd)  =  in  (Sucfc,  nnebevgegeben  hobe. 
fie  :  refers  to  SBater  itnb  Gutter  :  such  a  father  and  mother  as. 


182  NOTES. 


Hermann  does  not  yet  know  that  Dorothea  is  an  orphan  ;  Goethe 
gives  this  information  prematurely. 

129.  d!3 :  do  not  translate;  it  depends  upon  an  understood 
comparative  form,  such  as  eljcr  or  friifjer. 

133-141.  This  entire  passage  has  a  very  Homeric  construc- 
tion. See  Appendix  C,  (c),  (1),  page  226. 

137.  bmteren:  comparative  for  the  positive  because  of  the 
meter. 

139.    Read  :  bte  &utjd)e  uorgejdjoben  hatte. 

141.  bie  raftfje   £raft  .  .  .  =  bie    rafdjen,   fraftigen,  Ieid)tl)in= 
$iehettben  .  .  .    See  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  250. 

142.  fo£  cr  =  fefcte  er  ftd). 

143.  Qcnommen :  supply  batten. 

147.  This  line  indicates  the  lover's  haste.     Although  he  is  usu- 
ally so  careful  of  his  horses,  he  has  no  thought  for  them  now. 

148.  be3  $5orfe3  :  where  the  refugees  were  going  to  spend  the 
night.     Compare  Canto  II,  line  38. 

151-158.  At  Wetzlar,  where  Goethe  went  to  practice  at  the 
imperial  chancery  (see  page  xviii),  there  is  a  spring  that  answers 
this  description.  Such  spots  are  often  found  near  German  villages. 
Here  the  peasants  spend  their  Sundays  and  holidays. 

152.  flcimtt^elt :  supply  hatten. 

157.  febenbig  :  in  St.  John  iv,  10,  the  phrase  lebenbtgeS  SBaffer 
is  also  used. 

163.  er^aJjlt  =  roirb  .  .  .  trja^len  (roenn  3hr  eS  mir  fagt). 

164.  A  condition  contrary  to  fact  with  roenn  omitted. 

167.  $H(bung :  now  usually  used  to  mean  culture ;  here  = 
©eftalt. 

169-170.  This  is  the  dress  of  the  Alsatian  peasant  girl ;  Goethe 
pictures  Friederike  (see  page  xvi)  as  similarly  dressed  at  their  first 
meeting.  JJotj :  the  tight-titting  bodice,  laced  together.  SDZtebcr : 
a  vest  under  the  ?o£  and  showing  through  the  lacings.  See  illus- 
tration facing  page  26. 

174.   (Start  .  .  .  bte  S'otft  =  bie  ftarfen  ,3opfe. 

179.  Soitbern  :  used  after  a  negative  to  introduce  a  strongly 
adversative  clause,  but  on  the  contrary,  or  on  the  other  hand. 


V,  182-235.]  V.    POLYHYMNIA.  183 


182.  ben  293eg  :  accusative  of  the  space  passed  over.  tyer  : 
see  note  to  Canto  I,  lines  105-106  and  IV,  11  ;  see  also  Canto  II, 
line  57,  for  a  similar  construction. 

184.  9Kcitflc  Don  SDJenfdjen  :  Sttenfdjen  might  be  used  in  apposi- 
tion to  3)Jeitge  without  Don. 

185.  ©trnfjc  :  see  note  to  line  182  above. 

191.  erblirfteit  :  preterit  subjunctive.     Why  ? 

192.  crfdjien  =  id)ien  $u  fein  or  feine  Bon  alien,  bie  erfdjtenen, 
mar  bie  fjerrltcfye  3ungfran. 

197.  DfiterUdj  ernft  =  nut  baterlicfjem  Srnft.  A  similar  incident 
is  found  in  the  Aeneid,  I,  148-153. 

199.  un3  untcr  einonber  511  bulbcn  =  ©ebulb  mit  einanber  ju 
b,aben. 

204.  Compare  Matthew  v,  7  :  @dig  finb  bie  S3armberjigen;  benn 
fie  werben  33arml)eqtgfeit  erlangen. 

207.   Derttommen :  supply  hatte. 

210.   baf)in(ctjt:  i.e.  without  a  thought  for  the  future. 

212.  ".'Juiiibcii :    primitive    peoples  measured    time    by  moons 
instead  of   months.      In  this  sense  the   word  is  declined  weak 
(9Jionben),  but  when  applied  to  the  moon  strong  (50ionbe). 

213.  fid)  :  ethical  dative,  in  his  own  estimation. 

215.  niic  ein  anbrer  =  one  trgenb  ein  anbrer,  i.e.  no  better  than 
any  one  else. 

216.  ben  Wang  :  cognate  accusative  with  geb,t.      See  note  to 
Canto  IV,  line  151. 

224.  bcr  $l)r :  where  the  antecedent  of  a  relative  pronoun  is  in 
the  first  or  second  person,  the  personal  pronoun  is  often  repeated 
after  the  relative  ;  then  the  verb  agrees  with  the  personal  pronoun. 
The  clause  has  a  concessive  force  here. 

226.  gdcttet :  supply  hoben. 

227.  TenF  id)  bod)  cben:  I  really  feel  as  if. 

230.  bemerft  =  erttmfynt.  bie  fyeilige  uric  bie  gemeine :  sacred 
as  well  as  profane. 

232.  fo  braitflClt  fid)  alle  ®efdjid)tett :  events  (similar  to  those  of 
every  period  of  history)  crowd  so  upon  one  another. 

235.    tt)ir  Oltbern  =  nrir.     Compare  the  French  nous  autres. 


184  NOTES.  IV,  236-VI,  24. 

236.  See  Exodus  iii,  2  :  Unb  ber  §err  erjdjieu  ibm  in  enter  ^cu?r= 
ftamme  mitten  au$  einem  2)ornbuld)e  ;  xiii.  21  :  3)er  £>err  aber  509 
Dor  tfjnen  b,er,  fte  511  geletten,  be§  £ag$  in  einer  3Bolfenidu(e,  unb  be§ 
3fad)ts  in  einer  geuerjaute. 

237.  ^feiter  :  this  seems  to  imply  that  the  homes  of  the  fugitives 
were  burned  by  the  enemy  who  finally  drove  them  out. 

244.    Note  how  the  repetition  of  uttfo  emphasizes  the  search. 


VI.    fifio.    $o3  Scttnltcr. 

Clio,  the  proclaimer  of  fame,  is  the  Muse  of  glorious  deeds  and 
history  and  properly  heads  the  canto  that  tells  of  the  historical 
background,  as  the  sub-title,  ba§  3e^a(ter,  indicates.  Edward 
Simmons'  painting  of  Clio  in  the  Library  of  Congress  at  Washing- 
ton, which  is  reproduced  here,  shows  her  usual  attributes,  the 
trumpet  of  fame  in  one  hand  and  the  scrinium,  or  manuscript  case, 
at  the  other  side. 

2.   gditteit  :  supply  Ijatte  ;  Dcrtrteben  :  supply  mar. 

4.  ber  fiimtltri)cit  ^snl)re  :   the  revolution  began  in   1789  ;   the 
story  takes  place  in  1796. 

5.  ©rfjrerfltdjer  =  um  fo  fdjrerffidjer,  depending  on  SMttre.      cntd) 
Utt§  :  for  the  German  sympathy  in  the  revolution  see  Appendix  D, 
(a),  page  232. 

6-7.   crljobcit  ;  gefd)(agen  :  supply  hat. 

8.  ber  crfte  ©lanj  :  the  beginning  of  the  French  Revolution, 
which  promised  so  much  to  the  common  people. 

10.  Liberte,  Egalite,  and   Fraternite  were  the  watchwords  of 
the  French  Revolution. 

11.  fief)  felbft  311  Icben:  i.e.  not  oppressed  by  tyrannical  rulers. 
15.   A>ttHptfttttit  ttcr  SBelt  =  Paris,  which  was  relatively  more 

prominent  then  than  now.         gciucfcit  :  supply  ttjar. 

17.  jener  SDtfiinter:  genitive  with  tauten.  Lafayette,  Mira- 
beau,  and  La  Rochefoucauld  were  some  of  the  earlier  leaders. 
Sotftfioft  (ber  greiheit  unb  ©leidjheit). 

21.    j)raiif  :  in  1792.         ^rnufcu  :  see  note  to  Canto  I,  line  194. 

24.   3lJlen  :  goes  with  ibnen  in  line  23.       Saumc  ber  g-rcifjctt  : 


VI,  25-72.]  VI.     KLIO.  '  185 

liberty  trees  surmounted  by  liberty  caps  and  decorated  with  the 
tricolor  (see  note  to  line  27  below)  were  planted  wherever  the 
French  army  went.  Songs,  dancing,  and  general  jubilation  accom- 
panied the  ceremony.  Many  such  trees  were  planted  in  the 
American  colonies  at  the  time  of  the  American  Revolution,  and 
the  idea  may  have  been  carried  home  by  the  French  soldiers  who 
saw  them. 

25.  The  French  convention  declared  all  feudal  rights  in  Europe 
abolished,  hence  the  possessions  of  each  citizen  were  his  own  (b(l3 
Seine).  They  also  promised  self-government  (trie  eigne  9legie> 
rung),  i.e.  representation  for  the  common  people  and  freedom  from 
despotic  rule. 

27.  Stnubnrtc  :  the  tricolor  adopted  in  1789.  The  colors  of 
Paris,  red  and  blue,  were  added  to  the  color  of  France,  white. 

31.    felbft :  goes  with  2)ntcf,  even  the  burden. 

34.    Srcutt  .  .  .  S8rautTgom  :  see  note  to  Canto  IV,  line  210. 

36.    bd3  £i>rf)fte  =  liberty. 

41.  eitt  Derberbte3  @efd)leil)t :  the  degenerate  leaders  (Danton 
and  Robespierre)  and  the  mob  of  the  Reign  of  Terror  in  1793-1794. 

42.  fid)  =  eincmber,  a  reciprocal  pronoun  here. 

46.  beforgt,  e3  bteibe  =  fiirchtete,  baft  etaiaS  fitr  ntorgen  iibrig 
bleibe. 

50.  bie  iBeleibtgung  alle  =  all  bie  Sefeibigung  or  bie  gange  33eleibi= 
gimg. 

53.  This  may  refer  to  the  expulsion  of  the  French  from  Mainz 
(July  23,  1793)  after  they  had  held  the  town  for  eight  months. 
See  Appendix  C,  (b),  page  224- 

55.   grofj  =  grofcmiitig. 

62.   Read :  9Hd)t«  tft  ibm  mehr  fo  betlig,  baft  er  eS  nid)t  raubt. 

67.   2lKe3  =  ein  jeber. 

69.  ber  ftitrmenben  QHorfe  =  ber  ©titrmglocfe,  which  was  rung 
in  time  of  danger  to  call  every  one  to  arms. 

70.  bie  fiinft'fle  ©ef(lb,r  :  that  the  retreating  army  might  return 
and  take  revenge. 

71-72.  In  lieu  of  regular  weapons  the  farm  implements  were 
used. 


186  NOTES.  [VI,  77-144. 


77.    Spred)T  :  hortatory  subjunctive.        cr  =  ber 
fihtltT  er  =  al§  ob  er  fonnte,  implying  that  he  cannot. 
83.   2BoBtet  :  a  conditional  clause  with  roenn  omitted. 

86.  9iegtr  brfingt  :  see  note  83  above. 

87.  erfdjetne  .  .  .  :  read  :  unb  ben  anbern  ein  2d)ut;gott  ericfjeine. 
89.    Uric  :  a  subordinating  conjunction,  not  to  be  construed  with 

oft  ;  read  :  roie  man  oft  nad)  bem  33ranbe  .  .  .  erinnert. 

91.    itbcrblicDcu  =  iibrig  geblieben. 

93.   grabet  :  =  grabt. 

95.    Read  :  bie  bag  ©ebadjtnie  aufbeuiafyrt  b,at. 

97-98.  gfreunbe,  @ftertt,  Siltber  :  genitives  modifying  I'ieb',  the 
subject  of  iDagen. 

102.    flegennJOrtigcn  ©etfte3  :  genitive  of  characteristic. 

105.    ytriirfbltcb  =  ^uritrfgeblieben  War. 

109.  ba§  SBitb  =  bie  (Seftatt. 

113-117.  Goethe's  friend,  Wilhelm  von  Humboldt  (see  Appen- 
dix B,  (b),  page  2  13,  note  4),  criticized  this  deed  of  the  girl's  as  too 
bold,  and  not  in  keeping  with  the  epic  tone.  Goethe's  defense  was 
that  ;'  without  this  trait  the  character  of  this  extraordinary  girl, 
who  was  justified  by  the  times  and  circumstances,  would  become 
colorless,  and  she  would  sink  to  the  level  of  the  ordinary  woman." 
He  wished  her  to  appear  as  a  girl  far  above  the  average,  a  kind  of 
superwoman. 

117.  ber  ^pilfe  :  genitive  with  Ijarrte  ;  aitf  with  the  accusative 
is  now  common  in  prose. 

118.  ucritommcit  :  supply  b,atte. 

119.  btc  ^joffltunjj  :  that  the  girl  might  be  Dorothea. 

120.  geraten  :  supply  fei. 

125.  fel&er  mit  3lugcn  =  nut  Gnren  eignen  Slngen. 

131.  bie  $uppe  =  ba§  ^inbleiu.  Note  the  emphasis  here  on  the 
womanly,  tender  side  of  Dorothea's  character  in  contrast  to  the 
heroic  just  related. 

135.  ^tefe  :  as  absolute  subject  with  the  noun  in  the  predicate 
bte§  should  be  used. 

136-144.  Homeric  repetition  of  Canto  V,  lines  168-176.  See 
Appendix  E,  (e),  page  24.9. 


VI,  142-201.]  VI.     KLIO.  187 

142.  Sifet  ftc  gleid)  =  obgleicl)  fte  fifct. 

146.  fyau§H(fjc§  :   the  supreme  requirement  for  a  German  wife. 

148.  cntprft :  supply  hat.       e£  ift  mir  fetn  SBunbcr  :  I  do  not 

ironder  or  /  am  not  at  all  surprised.        mir  :  ethical  dative. 

150.  gab  =  gegeben  hat. 

151.  fie  :  refers  to  bie  ©eftalt  ;  ityit :  to  ttem. 
154.  bent  ^tingling  =  fitr  ben  Siingling. 

157-158.  Compare  the  oft-quoted  Latin  proverb  :  mens  sana 
in  corpore  sano.  See  Appendix  A,  page  205. 

162-163.  This  proverb  too  has  a  classical  origin.  See  Appen- 
dix A,  page  204.  nerseljret  =  werjehrt  haft. 

164.   2Bie  bu  c£  fjabeft  mit  itjm  :  how  you  will  fare,  with  him. 

166.  crjoljlen  :  supply  fonnen. 

167.  folgettb  =  inbem  er  folgte. 

175.  fdjeint  .  .  .  ctitc  =  fchetnt,  etn  toadfereS  SDtabcfjen  jit  jein. 

178.  lucitn  =  ol§.     2Senu  is  only  used  with  a  preterit  verb  to 
mean  whenever. 

179.  uemdjtet  =  »erricf)tete. 

181.  ritftig  gcboreu  =  riiftig  Don  9iatur. 

182.  ^cnuanbtcu  :  although  nowhere  directly  stated,  it  may  be 
implied  that  this  was  ber  retcfye  23eft<}er,  the  husband  of  the  woman 
whom  Dorothea  cared  for  on  their  flight.     See  Canto  II,  line  33. 

183.  tin  =  al«. 

188.  ben  frfjrcrfltrijcit  £ob  :  on  the  guillotine.  For  the  probable 
source  of  this  incident  see  Appendix  C,  (b),  page  224. 

191.   jog  :  supply  herauS  or  hertoor. 

194.  Srt)itl',c  :  a  contraction  of  ©cijitttfjetf},  one  who  bids  (heifjt) 
people  do  their  duty  (©cfylttb).  The  word  is  now  applied  to  the 
village  judge  (9iid)ter).  pfennig  :  the  gold  coin  which  the 
pastor  actually  gives  is  only  a  trifle  compared  to  the  great  need. 
It  was  a  great  deal  for  one  person  to  give,  however,  and  so  the 
judge,  in  turn,  seeks  to  minimize  their  need,  so  that  he  may  not 
cause  the  pastor  so  great  a  sacrifice.  See  also  Canto  II,  line  31. 

197.  Jalcr  :  gets  its  name  from  3oaci)im§tal,  the  place  where 
this  coin  was  first  made  (1518). 

201.  gcboten :  supply  hat. 


188  NOTES.  [VI,  20S-272. 

208.    (off  i<$  Gud)  md)t :  supply  getjen. 

211.    Xobnrf :  an  older  form  :  Jabaf  is  now  used. 

215.  ftunftcr  :  gets  its  name  from  the  reed  baskets  (Spanish 
canastro)  in  which  fine  tobacco  was  shipped  from  South 
America. 

218.    fyiire  :  hortatory  subjunctive. 

223.   S3t3 :  supply  bajj.        fommettb  =  lieranfommetib. 

227.  In  Canto  II,  line  6,  the  pastor  uses  3fyr  in  addressing  Her- 
mann ;  his  use  of  bll  now  indicates  his  sympathy  and  pleasure  at 
his  success.     Since  he  has  known  him  from  childhood  (see  Canto 
V,  line  63),  it  is  proper  for  him  to  use  this  form. 

228.  bent  298eibe  bcr  ^MflCitb  :  see  note  to  Canto  II,  line  154. 

229.  Reiner  :  genitive  with  luert.  JBenbc  :    Hermann   had 
probably  turned  the  carriage  ready  to  return  home,  as  his  words 
soon  indicate  that  he  had  lost  heart. 

232.   ftonb  (nod))  or  =  blteb  ftehen. 

238-249.  Hermann  shows  a  keen  appreciation  of  Dorothea's 
worth  and  spirit.  He  did  not  have  his  father's  assurance  that  any 
girl  may  be  had  for  the  asking. 

243.  wtt  nic  ben  gittctt  3>iingHng  5«  rcijen  =  ofyne  etnen  guten 
^tingling  gereijt  gu  haben. 

245.  Ijiitan  =  bie  (Sdte  bes  3)orfe8  (see  line  230  above).  mtr 
iituri)tcn  :  we  might  have  to. 

248.  (£tngefd)(agen  :  as  a  pledge  of  engagement. 

249.  bo  :  if  that  be  the  case. 

252.   Read  :  fo  »erfegen  mdren  ttrir  toorgeiteu  nid)t  geluefen. 

255.   jutjijrbcrft  =  juerft.        Bom  ^nwfe  =  be«  §aufea. 

261.  bcr  £od)ter  :  genitive  with  eruwhnet. 

263.  iihige :  the  repetition  emphasizes  that  great  tact  was 
necessary. 

265.  $orb  :  in  olden  times  a  bottomless  basket  was  placed  in 
the  path  by  which  an  unfavored  suitor  was  likely  to  come  to  show 
him  that  his  suit  was  not  pleasing.  Compare  the  English  phrase 
"  to  give  him  the  mitten." 

269.    (icfd)hutgcn  :  supply  bat. 

272.    sJZel)me  :  hortatory  subjunctive. 


n,  27-i-viI,  2.]  VII.    ERATO.  189 

274.  ©ei  C3,  Wie  iljm  aitd)  fci :  concessive  subjunctive,  be  that 
as  it  may. 

275.  gcljort ;  entftfjlojfen :  supply  fyatte. 

276.  Hermann's  promise  to  his  father  in  Canto  V,  line  129, 
evidently  meant  that  he  would  not  press  his  suit  until  the  friends 
gave  their  approval,  so  he  was  not  breaking  his  word  here. 

278.   9)lettfrf)  =  iUcnm.        bent  =  einem. 
280.   ©oil  id)  fie  and) :  even  if  I  am  to. 
284.    alleitt  :  supply  getjen,  also  in  line  287. 
286.  (jetrrt :  supply  fyat.        tt»ert  =  ieiner  inert  or  wtirbig. 
295.    The  poet's  address  to  the  speaker  is  Homeric.     See  Appen- 
dix E,  (e),  page  249,  also  line  299  below  and  Canto  VII,  line  171. 

303.  tt»ir  :  editorial  we. 

304.  befllcitetc  :  as  tutor.      Herder,  who  may  have  suggested 
many  traits  of  the  pastor  to  Goethe,  accompanied  the  Prince  of 
Eutin   to  Strassburg   in   1770,  where   Goethe   first   met  him  (see 
page  xv) . 

307.  Goethe  said  that  the  Strassburgers  were  "passionate 
pedestrians "  because  of  the  beautiful  surroundings  of  the  city. 
ben  Xog  :  accusative  of  duration  of  time.  lefct  =  Oerlebt. 

309.  Another  evidence  of  the  apothecary's  caution  and  con- 
servatism. 

310-314.    Note  the  fine  contrast. 

VII.    Grata.    $orotljea. 

Erato,  the  love-winning  one,  the  Muse  of  lyric  or  love  poetry, 
presides  over  the  idyllic  love  song  in  which  Dorothea  first  appears 
and  which  bears  her  name  as  sub-title.  Edward  Simmons  has 
pictured  her  most  charmingly  in  his  painting  in  the  Library  of 
Congress  at  Washington,  which  is  represented  here,  with  the 
myrtle  wreath  and  the  roses,  the  flowers  of  Venus,  the  goddess  of 
love. 

1-5.    This  is  the  only  long  simile  in  the  poem. 

1.  ber  nwnbernbe  9Kamt  =  ber  28anbrer. 

2.  faftte  =  gefafjt  t)at. 


190  NOTES.  [Til,  4-52. 

4.    ii)ul|iu  .  .  .  uur :  no  matter  where,  or  wherever.     See  notes 
to  Canto  I,  lines  84,  114. 
6.   33ilbung  =  8Hb. 

13.  jcflltrfjcr  :  less  usual  for  jebev,  i.e.  one  in  each  hand. 

14.  ifyr  "JlulHtrf  =  ber  Slnblicf  won  th,r. 

15.  ju  fciner  Sernwuberten :  a  bold  use  of  the  perfect  participle 
as  a  noun  =  gu  ib,r,  bie  ftd)  Derronnberte,  il)n  $u  jefjen. 

18.  luarunt  fommft  bit  ottcin  =  niarum  btft  bu  bie  einjtge,  bie  jutn 
ClueE  fommt.  (ber)  Quett  :  poetic  for  the  more  usual  bie  Cuelle. 
Note  that  Hermann  again  uses  bu  to  the  girl,  this  time  probably 
unconsciously  expressing  his  regard  for  her.  In  Canto  II,  line  71, 
the  consciousness  of  his  superior  position  may  have  caused  his 
more  familiar  mode  of  address,  or,  more  probably,  it  was  due  to 
the  same  lack  of  social  training  that  caused  his  embarrassment 
when  he  called  on  the  merchant's  daughters. 

20.  There  are  many  mineral  springs  and  health  resorts  in  the 
Rhine  valley.     See  also  line  142  below. 

21.  gercttct :  supply  baft. 

25.  be3  ©eber3  :  objective  genitive. 

26.  flcnofjen :  supply  baben. 

27.  ben  rul)tc(cit  2)anf  =  ben  3)anf  Don  alien    Grqutcften  unb 
(babnrch)  Serubigten. 

28.  i]cfommcn :  supply  bin. 

30-34.  At  a  camp  near  Pillon  Goethe  had  a  similar  experience 
on  the  French  campaign.  See  Appendix  C,  (b).  page  224. 

39.  be3  QucUg  :  goes  with  3JMuerrf)en  in  line  38.  See  Appen- 
dix E,  (e),  page  251. 

46.  Note  the  familiar  bit  used  now  too  by  Dorothea. 

47.  tute  bift  bu  gcfommctt  =  nrie  fommt  e3,  baft  bu  gefommen 
bift. 

51.  blirftc   Itidjt   Sicbc :    intransitive  verbs  sometimes  take  an 
object  which  indicates  what  results  from   or  accompanies  their 
action.     This  is  called  the  accusative  of  effect  or  result,  or  the 
factitive  accusative. 

52.  3tbcr :  used  even  after  a  negative  to  show  that  the  second 
proposition  does  not  exclude  the  first. 


VII,  54-119.]  VII.    ERATO.  191 

54.  tttetlt  $tltb  :  Dorothea  is,  in  fact,  older  than  Hermann,  but 
such  a  phrase  is  often  used  as  a  term  of  endearment. 

55.  tt»a3  =  nmrum. 

63.  $el)ler  Utn  J'Cfjler  5«  tuufdjett :  every  servant  has  some  fault 
or  other,  so  that  changing  is  not  apt  to  mend  matters. 

64.  Itmnfdjte  =  nmnfdjt ;  she  still  wishes  such  a  girl,  so  the  pres- 
ent should  be  used. 

66.  Goethe  had  only  one  sister  who  grew  up  (see  page  x). 
Her  death  at  the  age  of  twenty-seven  caused  him  great  grief. 

67.  in  frofjer  (Bcioanfctfjeit  =  frolj  unb  gewanbt.    Compare  note 
to  Canto  II,  line  146. 

72.  ftottentbe :  Hermann  does  not  like  to  ask  her  to  become  a 
servant  and  does  not  wish  to  deceive  her.  Dorothea  infers  what  he 
wants,  however,  and  assists  him  by  using  again  the  more  formal  3l)r, 
as  to  a  superior.  In  Canto  VIII,  line  50,  she  resumes  the  bit  form. 

76.  Xutflcu :  Dorothea  is  not  ashamed  of  service  and  does  not 
mince  matters  at  all. 

80.   furj  :  to  the  /toint,  for  the  Slntrag  was  not  short. 

84.  finben  =  einfinben. 

85.  in  fur^cu  £flgen  =  in  rcenigen  Xagen  or  in  htrjer  3eit. 
89.    bte  Sanbe  :  social  and  political  conventions. 

91.   bieiteitb  =  burd)  ba8  Steiten.     Compare  line  115  below. 

96.  This  line  shows  that  Dorothea  is  not  without  interested 
friends,  and  that  her  feeling  for  propriety  insists  upon  the  same 
conventions  that  a  girl  with  a  father  and  mother  would  expect. 
It  adds  weight  to  Hermann's  statement  in  Canto  V,  line  93,  fte  ift 
nid)t  Ijergelcmfen,  ba3  3)iabd)en. 

107.  fitfteS  $cr(angen  crgriff  fte :  a  Homeric  phrase.    See  Ap- 
pendix E,  (e),  page  250. 

108.  feeim  4>enfel  =  an  &en  Senfeln. 

110.  German  women  are  more  used  to  waiting  on  the  men  of 
their  families  than  American  women  are,  so  it  did  not  occur  to 
Hermann  to  take  both  jugs. 

114.    ifyrer :  natural  for  grammatical  gender  (fetner). 

118-119.  The  number  of  infinitives  used  as  nouns  here  is 
striking. 


192  NOTES.  [VII,  120-172. 

120.  wcnn  ftc  .  .  .  gewofjnt:  read:  roenn  fte  fid)  baran  io 
geaibfntt. 

122.  t!)r  .  .  .  bttttft :  compare  note  to  Canto  I,  line  3.  The 
accusative  is  more  common  than  the  dative  with  bitnft  and  beitdjt. 

125.  ,',ionH',if] :  Homer  often  uses  a  specific  numeral  to  indicate 
an  indefinite  number,  as  Goethe  has  done  here. 

129.  wcrloffen :  supply  hatte. 

130.  pencil  gercttetett  SKabdjen:  see  Canto  VI,  line  110. 

132.  Stub  :  accusative  absolute  depending  on  fiihrenb  under- 
stood. See  note  to  Canto  IV,  line  24. 

136.  HitlicfnuntClt  :  the  baby  was  born  after  the  children  were 
lost  in  the  confusion  of  the  flight. 

137.  This  is  the  first  time  that  Dorothea  is  called  by  name. 
Note  that  only  Hermann,  Dorothea,  and   the   mother  are  given 
specific  names.     This  makes  the  characters  more  universal  types. 

142.  ScinerUrf) :  see  note  to  line  20  above.  ben  'fiZenfdjen  = 
fur  bie  Sftenfdjen. 

144.  ba3  lefete  2RoI,  baft  :  a  clause  beginning  with  bafj  may  de- 
fine a  noun  of  time. 

147.  JRiilj,    C.ucllcn :    genitives  with  gentefcet.         ber  reinen 
DucUen  =  be§  SBaffers*  ber  reinen  Ouetlea. 

148.  mettt :  an  old  genitive  of  id)  =  meiner. 

149.  geleiftet :  supply  babe. 

150.  crjctgt :  supply  habt. 

152.  s«r  Soft,  $um  Xroft :  511  and  the  dative  is  often  used  with 
an  indirect  object  (bem  onberen),  especially  with  jein,  to  show  pur- 
pose or  tendency.  Compare  the  Latin  dative  of  purpose,  nobis 
sunt  odio :  they  are  an  object  of  hatred  to  us.  See  also  line  159 
below. 

161.   Read  :  nne  e«  SReidjen  ge5iemt. 

164.   1>riitfct  2ftr  :  lohenever  you  press. 

166.   Itafjret  unb  ftetbct :  present  for  future. 

170.  be3  <2cgcn§  ©Cltfpcl :  the  whispered  blessing. 

171.  bit  fogtcft :   compare  Canto  VI,  lines  295,  299,  and  see 
Appendix  E,  (e),  page  250. 

172.  511  ',iililcH  :  see  note  to  Canto  I,  line  24. 


VII,  179-VIH,  12.]  VIII.    MELPOMENE.  193 


179.  @ittfd)Ucfeen  = 
185.    Dorothea  is   thus  relieved  of  responsibility,  and  her  de- 
parture does  not  seem  like  desertion. 
189.    flcborflctt  :  see  bergen. 
193.    licfal)!  fie  :  for  the  friends  not  present. 

195.  Supply  gehen  before  lafjcn. 

196.  ctltr  ttltb  bie  flttbere  :  feminine  for  neuter  following  the 
natural  instead  of  the  grammatical  gender  required  by  SBeib. 

199.  In  popular  folklore  the  stork  is  the  bringer  of  new  babies, 
as  well  as  of  the  cakes  and  sweets  that  are  used  for  the  joyful 
celebration  at  the  child's  birth. 

VIII.    2Rctyomene.    ^tcrmonn  uttb  liorotljea. 

Melpomene,  the  songstress,  is  the  Muse  of  song  and  musical 
harmony  who  was  later  considered  the  special  patroness  of  tragedy. 
She  heads  this  canto  as  an  indication  that  the  time  has  not  yet 
come  for  the  "course  of  true  love  to  run  smoothly,"  and  that 
tragedy  is  waiting  just  around  the  corner.  Edward  Simmons'  beau- 
tiful painting  in  the  Library  of  Congress  at  Washington,  which  is 
reproduced  here,  shows  some  of  her  usual  attributes,  the  tragic 
mask  and  the  wreath  of  grape  leaves,  the  latter  a  token  of  her 
relation  to  the  dramatic  deity,  Bacchus. 

4.  ftrotylenb  :  casting.       Seleudjtttttg  :  see  note  to  Canto  VII, 
line  51. 

5.  SSSetter  =  ©ettntter  :  storm,  in  the  sense  of   the  Latin  tem- 
pestas. 

8.  btc  liolicii  (SJeftaftett  :  Goethe  does  not  lose  an  opportunity  to 
emphasize  the  heroic  build  of  his  hero  and  heroine.  Among  the 
Greeks  strong,  well-built  bodies  were  almost  an  object  of  worship. 

11.  ^mf)  ttltb  3rarfj  :  house  and  home.     Such  euphonious  phrases 
are  great  favorites  in  German,  especially  in  poetry.    See  note  to 
Canto  I,  line  43.         briiut  :  poetical  form  for  broht. 

12.  Saflct  Ittir:  this  part  of  the  sentence  is  not  finished  until 
line  17.       letyret  bte  Grltern  mid)  tcuncit  =  lehrt  mid)  (Sure  Sftern 
fennen. 


194  NOTES.  [VIII,  15-74. 

15.  cr:  jemaitb. 

16.  cr :  ber  §err. 

22.  2Benn  =  inbem. 

23.  Read :    3nbem  id)  friil)  unb  jpat  ben  SWer  unb  ebenfo  ben 
SBeinberg  beforgte. 

27.  ben  ©rfjein  =  etnige  3ieri)e/ line  335  aufcere  geifyen,  line  34. 

29.   ben  SBatcr  =  ben  £f)arafter  be§  2>ater«. 

37-38.  i~ri)!tcllcrcu :  used  in  anticipation  of  the  effect  of  »er~ 
boppelnb.  Dorothea  quickened  (oerboppelte)  her  pace  so  that  her 
steps  (©djritte)  should  become  faster  (jdjneUer).  This  figure  is 
called  prolepsis.  See  Canto  IV,  line  157. 

41.  t»on  3ugenb  =  won  3ugenb  auf. 

42.  fvittjcrcu  ^C'tett :   before  the  revolution  degenerated  the 
people. 

44.   cntpfnl)!  fie  ben  Setnen  :  cultivated  it  in  his  family. 
45-47.   For  the  source  see  Appendix  C,  (b),  page  224, 

47.  jtttl tri) :  now  used  to  mean   ethical,  moral ;  here  =  ftttfam 
or  jittig  :  well-mannered,  polite. 

48.  flelernt :  supply  habe. 

49.  bent  Ml  ten :  not  said   in  a  disrespectful  tone  at  all,  your 
father. 

56.  £id)ter ;  92it(t)te :  used  in  the  plural  to  indicate  sj>ots  or 
patches  of  light  or  darkness. 

58.  S3(Wm§  :  with  ©djatten.     See  Appendix  E,  (e),  page  251. 

59.  5$ertricbne :  see  note  to  Canto  VII,  line  15.        gefefyen : 
supply  hatte. 

60.  gefe^et  =  gefetst  batten. 

67.  In  2)id)tung  unb  2Bab,rbeit/  Goethe  tells  of  a  lovely  moon- 
light walk  which  he  had  with  Friederike  (see  page  xvi),  when  she 
talked  of  the  neighbors,  the  country,  and  the  condition  of  the 
crops  in  a  most  fascinating  way. 

68.  ber  filarljett :  dative  with  gtetd). 

70.  mid)  beud)t :  see  note  to  Canto  I,  line  3.  snf)lc  —  fQtm 
.  .  .  jablen. 

74.  n»ir  oeranbcrn  tnt  .fraufe:  at  the  death  of  Goethe's  grand- 
mother his  father  made  very  extensive  alterations  in  the  old  Frank- 


IX.     URANIA.  195 


fort  house,  practically  rebuilding  it  all.  Goethe  was  only  a  child 
at  the  time,  but  the  work  interested  him  very  much. 

76.  tvollen  =  raerben,  i.e.  on  the  following  day  when  they  are 
harvesting. 

79.  tterfdjlutgenfc  =  nnrb  batb  .  .  .  tierfchlingen. 

82.  $mtfe(:  (be«  SaubgangS). 

83-84.    Compare  Canto  IV,  lines  27-28. 

85.    fcie  4?ottbe  5  accusative  absolute.     See  Canto  IV,  line  24. 

88.  itfcer  tfytt  Ijcrflimi  :  Dorothea  was  a  step  behind  Hermann, 
and  so  towered  above  him  coming  down  the  path.    See  illustration 
facing  page  122. 

89.  rofyerett :  hi  the  Latin  sense,  rather  rough. 

90.  $el)lte  tretewb  =  trot  fehl. 

95.    In  German  folklore  it  was  considered  a  sign  of  bad  luck  to 
stumble  when  entering  or  leaving  a  house. 
98.   Read :  unb  bamit  bu  ntcht  ein  fcfyledjter  SBtrt  erfdjeineft. 

IX.  Urania.    SCnSftdjt. 

Urania,  the  heavenly  one,  is  the  Muse  of  astronomy  and  celestial 
forces  and  the  arbitress  of  fate,  second  only  to  Calliope  (see 
Canto  I)  in  the  company  of  the  Muses.  She  is  appropriately 
chosen  to  head  the  last  canto  with  its  look  (2ht§ficht)  into  the 
future.  Her  usual  attributes  are  the  globe  and  a  compass  for 
indicating  the  course  of  the  stars,  as  Edward  Simmons  has  shown 
in  his  beautiful  painting  in  the  Library  of  Congress  at  Wash- 
ington, which  is  reproduced  here. 

1-5.  It  was  common  among  the  classical  poets  to  invoke  the 
Muses,  not  only  at  the  beginning  of  the  poem  (compare  the  Iliad, 
Odyssey,  Aeneid,  and  Paradise  Lost),  but  also  when  a  new  or 
difficult  situation  was  to  be  handled.  Here  the  poet  prays  to  the 
Muses  as  protecting  deities  that  they  may  aid  his  characters. 

1-2.  bie  3(f)V :  see  note  to  Canto  V,  line  224.  begiittftigt ; 
gefeitet :  supply  habt. 

7.  fin-fllttf)  =  beforgt.  crft  =  foeben  ;  eben  erft.  tterfaffen : 
supply  fyatte. 


196  NOTES.  [IX,9-f,6. 

9.  bcr  9tfid)te  :  sometimes  considered  an  archaic  genitive  singu- 
lar ;  it  may,  however,  be  taken  in  a  cumulative  sense,  the.  dangers 
of  night  time  in  general.  Compare  Canto  VIII,  line  56  and  note. 

11.   gctrcnnet  =  getremtt  fatten. 

13.  The  father's  patience  has  almost  reached  the  limit.     He 
cannot  bear  to  have  the  mother,  who  is  always  so  calm,  show 
signs  of  anxiety.        Wtr  ...  jo :  ice  ourselves.         marten  :  more 
often  takes  auf  and  the  accusative  than  the  genitive  in  prose. 

14.  ber  9?ad)bar:  the  apothecary. 

18.  crwmrten  —  roarten.      ber  SBeifcn :  the  Stoic  philosophers. 

23.  ber  Sittbett :  goes  with  Srunnen.  This  is  probably  the 
same  well  described  in  Canto  V,  line  151  ff.  Read  :  2)ie  mt§  jum 
SBnmnen  ber  Stnben  fyinauefufyren  follte. 

27.  uof)e  ttior  mir  ba3  SBcincn  =  nat)e  roar  id)  baran,  gu 
roeinen. 

33.  bic  fJeifHflCtt  StUttbcn  :  accusative  of  duration  of  time  ;  sup- 
ply tjinburd). 

39.  cin  britifenbe§  2>ad) :  the  earth  covering  the  coffin.  It  was 
an  old  Roman  wish,  often  inscribed  on  tombstones,  that  the  earth 
might  rest  lightly  on  the  dead :  Sit  tibi  terra  levis. 

41.  bic  fdfttwr^c  f^arbc :  coffins  were  formerly  painted  or 
stained,  not  cloth-covered,  as  they  so  frequently  are  now. 

45-53.  When  Goethe's  body  lay  in  state  in  his  house  in 
Weimar,  these  words  appeared  in  golden  letters  on  the  curtains 
that  hung  in  front  of  the  coffin. 

47.  $ettcn  foriiitflt  e3  :  urges  him  on  to  greater  effort,  so  that  he 
may  accomplish  what  he  wishes  before  death  calls. 

48.  Read :  2)iejem  ftorft  e«  im  Jriibfal  bie  £offmmg  ju  fiinftigem 
Sett 

49.  pm  i!clicu  bcr  Job  :  the  idea  of  death  is  an  inspiration. 
54.    Note  the  effective  contrast  in  the  entrance  of  btt3  l)errUtf)e 

"•J?anr  bounding  with  life  and  joy. 

56.  be3  $Brautigant3  Alibiing  :  ^ilbiing  is  dative  with  oergleid)= 
bar.  The  poet  calls  Hermann  iBroutigam  although  he  has  not  yet 
proposed  or  been  accepted.  Such  prophetic  statements  on  the 
part  of  the  poet  are  characteristic  of  the  epic. 


IX,  60-138.]  IX.    URANIA.  197 

60.  Hermann's  introduction  of  Dorothea  is  ambiguous.  It 
would  fit  a  future  daughter-in-law  or  a  servant. 

62-63.  Hermann  wishes  to  gain  time  to  talk  with  the  pastor 
and  to  obtain  his  assistance.  Note  how  the  girl's  domestic  ability 
is  brought  out  in  the  original  story.  See  Appendix  C,  (a),  page  221. 

71.   ertrnge  =  ertragen  farm. 

78-80.  feiner  3eit :  in  his  day,  adverbial  genitive  of  indefinite 
time.  flcuricfcu  ;  gcfitfjrt ;  geljolt:  supply  I) at. 

82.   tt)c(d)C3  ®Ctfte3  :  genitive  of  characteristic.        fid)  =  feinen. 

86.   Sntten  =  bi§  in§  Snnere  or  fo  baft  er  eg  innerfid)  fiil)(te. 

89.  Me  SBaitge  :  accusative  absolute.  See  note  to  Canto  IV, 
line  24. 

91.  bent  2Uten :  see  note  to  Canto  VIII,  line  49. 

92.  bereitet  =  uorbereitet. 

99.  Supply  toett   before  eittferltt. 

100.  tmt  fletnent  33itnbcl :   she  emphasizes  the  very  point  to 
which  the  father  so  strenuously  objected.     See  Canto  II,  line  185. 

102.   id)  fenne  mid)  tooljl  =  id)  toeift,  nia§  fid)  fiir  mid)  gejiemt. 

104.  Bead :  S)er  mid)  auf  ber  @d)>telle  au«  bem  §aufe  beina^e 
jimtcftmbt. 

109.  ®ft  Befall  il)m  feilt  ©eift :  a  Homeric  phrase.  Compare 
Canto  IV,  line  95. 

112.  9lll3fattb§ :  see  note  to  Canto  II,  line  23. 

113.  SSeun  =  al8.     Iri  colloquial  language  ttenn  is  sometimes 
used  with  a  preterit  tense  where  the  best  usage  now  requires  alS. 

115.  $af)re3  •  servants  were  engaged  by  the  year.  They  still 
are  in  many  places. 

119.  $reie  :  feudal  German  society  consisted  of  nobles,  free- 
men, serfs,  and  slaves. 

122.   ber  ^roilCtt  :  an  archaic  genitive  singular  =  §emn. 

124.  $a£  =  ba«  alle*,  what  had  been  said  in  lines  120-123. 
bie  ^gfUd)t :  supply  tft. 

133.  ber  tierftdnbigc  9Jtonn  :  the  man  who  acts  on  cold  reason 
without  sympathy  or  feeling. 

138.  Ijiilfc :  see  note  to  Canto  II,  line  15,  and  Canto  V, 
line  115. 


198  NOTES.  [IX,  139-251. 

139.  3ctge :  hortatory  subjunctive.  ttefere :  see  note  to 
Canto  VIII,  line  37. 

141-142.    lituiucii,  fort :  supply  gehen. 

145.    ^nljrc  :  accusative  of  duration  of  time. 

149.  erfrfjtenen  :  supply  if*. 

155.  geroorfcen :  supply  hatte. 

157.  oJ§  =  baft.  Read :  bafj  id)  thn  triellddjt  tierbienen 
fount'. 

162.   n»enn  fie  =  menu  fte  and). 

166.    gefiifyret :  would  brim/ ;  see  note  to  Canto  I,  line  53. 

170.  boS  fei  nun  gefltgt :  that  is  enough  said,  I  have  said 
enough. 

173-175.  Note  the  repetition  of  9Jid)t  (see  note  to  Canto  II, 
line  120). 

180.  e3  tft  nun  flcfrfjefjcn  :  it  is  all  over,  i.e.  "  my  hopes  are  a 
thing  of  the  past ;  I  shall  go  out  again  into  the  storm  of  life." 

185.  nttr  :  ethical  dative,  I  should  like  to  know. 

186.  mtr  :  dative  of  interest  or  reference,  or  ethical  dative. 

187.  bngegcn  =  ifjr  gegeniiber. 

189.   tft  mtr  gcworben  :  that  is  what  I  get ;  that  is  my  reward. 

208.   liefer  ©utcn  :  dative  of  separation  with  enttocft. 

210.   frcmbcr  =  eineS  cmberen. 

220.  fct  .  .  .  gefegnct :  Heaven  bless  you.  mir :  ethical 
dative,  /  pray. 

224.    ba3  :  the  antecedent  is  ©Iii(f8. 

228.   Spradj :  supply  fte. 

239-247.  In  Germany  the  engagement  is  a  solemn  ceremony 
sealed  with  a  ring  for  both  man  and  woman.  These  are  usually 
plain  band  rings,  and  are  used  later  for  the  wedding  rings. 

242-243.  l»£r  n  olb  cue  it  Kctfen :  genitive  plural  with  SBeftinu 
mung.  fei,  gfettfye  :  optative  subjunctives. 

246.   fitnftigen  3etten  =  fiir  fiinftige  3eiten. 

250.  ftaunenb  :  this  astonishment  was  feigned  to  cause  Doro- 
thea to  tell  the  story  which  the  pastor  already  knew.     See  Canto 
VI,  lines  186-189. 

251.  fcetradjtet :  supply  hatte. 


IX,  258-316.]  IX.     URANIA.  199 

253-254.  Head:  2Bir  woUen  hoffen,  baft  nicfjt  .  .  .         jetge : 
optative  subjunctive. 
258.   ber  =  jur. 

262.  @rbeu :  an  archaic  dative  singular.     See  also  Canto  IX, 
line  122  and  note. 

263.  Read:  ®runbgefet,}e  ber  fefteften  @taaten  Jofen  ftc^  auf. 
268.   A  popular  German  hymn  begins  : 

3d)  bin  ein  ©aft  auf  (Srben 
Unb  fyab'  fyier  feinen  @tanb  ; 
2)er  §immel  foil  mir  merben, 
2)a  ift  mem  iBaterfanb. 

270.  c§  ttJttttbern  bte  <3djaije  :  valuables  and  treasures  were  not 
only  taken  out  of  France  during  the  Revolution  for  safe  keeping, 
but  were  also  stolen  by  the  plundering  mobs. 

271.  fri)inil,',t  =  ttjerbeit  umgefctjmoljen.    Churches  were  robbed, 
and  the  gold  and  silver  ornaments  were  melted.    In  1796  Napoleon 
took  the  silver  statues  from  the  Cathedral  of  Milan  and  melted 
them  into  coins. 

274.  $>u  fccttwfjrft  —  bewafjre  (bit). 

277.    fcffdtc  :  preterit  subjunctive  =  ttilrbe  feffeht. 

287.   ber  £tt(j  =  ber  gegenttnirtige  Sag,  or  ba§  Seben. 

290.  2IUe3  Wcrtor  i(^  :  probably  refers  to  property  as  well  as 
father  and  mother.  This  statement  indicates  that  Dorothea  was 
once  well-to-do,  and  fully  confirms  Hermann's  words  in  Canto  V, 
lines  93-102. 

299.  933tr  ttJottcu :  let  UK.       Jjalten,  baucrn :  prefix  ait«=. 

303.  fid) :  according  to  his  oion  ideas. 

304.  ^ciucflumi :  the  French  Revolution. 

306.  $te3  :  our  surroundings,  i.e.  not  only  our  home  and  pos- 
sessions, but  also  our  city  and  fatherland. 

310.  mctltcr :  a  bold  comparison  of  the  possessive  adjective, 
which  is  very  effective  here. 

313.   fd&ft :  agrees  with  bu  understood. 

316.  ftititbc :  see  note  to  Canto  II,  line  15,  and  Canto  V, 
line  115. 


200  NOTES.  [IX  ,317. 

317.  erfreittett :  preterit  subjunctive.  Hermann's  words  ex- 
press a  lofty,  noble  patriotism.  Goethe  never  wrote  nobler  senti- 
ments than  these,  and  they  alone  would  free  him  from  any  charge 
of  lack  of  patriotic  feeling.  He  was  above  partisan  and  sectional 
strife ;  his  wish  and  great  desire  was  for  universal  "  peace  on 
earth."  See  page  xxvii. 


APPENDIX  A. 


Quotations  from  Hermann  und  Dorothea. 

Sit  me  into   YH'vmiiitit   it  itii    r«  rot  l)e  a. 

ACT  WITHOUT  DELAY.  (Compare  Latin,  Carpe  diem  ;  De- 
liberando  saepe  perit  occasio  ;  Dimidium  facti  est 
coepisse.) 

1.  SBer  (cmge  bebenft,  ber  nxitjtt  ntdjt  immer  ba$  33efte. 

IV,  105. 

2.  !£a3  $nfd)gett>agte  gerat  nur.    IV,  245. 

3.  £)er  Slugenblitf  nur  entfc^eibet 
iiber  ba^  ?eben  be^  SOlenfrfjen  imb  itber  fein 

®ef(^t(fc.    V,  57-58.  , 

4.  ®enn  ttacf)  langer  ^Berotung  t[t  bod)  em  jeber 

fd)Iu^  nur 

SBerf  be^  SWoment^,  e§  ergretft  bod)  nur  ber  SBer- 
ftftnb'gc  ba§  9?ed)te.    V,  59-60. 

5.  S'lmn61'  gefaf)rUd)er  ift%  betnt  2Bot)ten  biefeS  unb 


bebenfen  unb  fo  ba«  ©efitt^I  ju  tter* 
wtrren.    V,  61-62. 

ADVERSITY.     (Latin,  Adversae  res  admonent  religionum.) 

1.  3DJan  fieijt  e«  erft  red)t,  tt)ie  biel  er  ttermag,  in  ®e- 
faf)ren.    1,  181. 

201 


202  APPENDIX  A 


2.  £>er  ®Iiicf{id)e  gtaubt  nidjt, 

£)af?  nod)  SBunber  gefdjefm  ;   benn  nur  im  (Slenb  er- 

!ennt  man 
©otteS  £wnb  unb  B'^ger,  ber  gitte  9ftenfd)en  $um 

©utenfeitet.    11,50-53. 

3.  Slrmut  fetbft  mad)t  ftolj,  Me  wtDerbiente.    VI,  240. 

AMBITION.     {Latin,  Per  aspera  ad  astra  ;  Xon  progredi 
est  regredi.) 

1.  Sitter  Slttfcmg  tft  fd)trer,  am  fdjwerften  ber  3(nfang 

ber  SBirtfdjaft.    II,  166. 

2.  -Sod  bod)  ntdjt  a(^  ein  ^i^  ber  9ttenfd)  bem  53oben 

enttt)od)fen 
llnb  oerfauten  gefd)it)inb  an  bem  ^ta^e,  ber  tt)n  er- 

jeitgt  Ijat, 
^eine  Spur  nad)Ia[fenb  toon  [etner  lebenbigen  Str- 

fung!    111,9-11. 

3.  2£er  ntd)t  t»ortt»artg  ge^t,  ber  !ommt  ^uriicfe.   Ill,  66. 
-4.  £er  SWenfd)  foil  tmmer  ftreben  jum  ®cffcrn.  V,  6-7. 


CHAKITY.  (Latin,  Da  dextram  misero  ;  Indigne  vivit  per 
quern  non  vivit  aliter  ;  Acceptissima  semper  mu- 
nera  sunt,  quae  auctor  pretiosa  facit.) 

1.  ©eben  tft  Sadje  be§  $Reid)en.    1,  15. 

2.  dhtten  50?enfd)en,  furlDaf)!',  fpricfyt  oft  ein  ^tmmfifdjer 

!iDa§  fie  fiifyten  bte  Wot,  bte  bem  armen  33mber  be= 
»orftet)t.     II,  44-45. 

3.  3ft  to°fyf  oer  e^  ^iirbtger  9)?ann,  ber  im  ©litcf  unb 

im  Unglitcf 


APPENDIX  A  203 


(2icf)  nur  allein  bebenft  unb  Veiben  itnb  greuben  ju 

teilen 
sJZid)t  oerftefyet  unb  nidjt  ba^u  toon  £)erjen  betoegt 

niirb?    11,99-101. 

4.  £>er  Stnblicf  beg  ©eberS  ift  lute  bie  ®aben  erfreuli^. 
VII,  25. 

Civic   PRIDE.     (Latin,  Nee  domo  dominus,  sed  domino 
domus  honestanda  est.) 

1.  <2tef)t  man  am  fwufe  bo^  glei(^  fo  beut(tc^,  toes 

Sinned  ber  ©err  fet, 

2Bte  man,  baS  (Stabtdjen  betretenb,  bte  Cbrigfeiten 
beurtcitt.    Ill,  12-13. 

CONTENTMENT.     (Latin,  Tu  quamcumque  Deus  tibi  for- 
tunaverit  horam  grata  sume  manu.) 

1.  So  genteBe  mit  £)anf,  IM^  bann  bir  ba£  @^i 
bercitct.    IX,  283. 

EDUCATION.     (Latin,  Bene  qui  latuit,  bene  vixit.) 
1.  SSaS  im  Sftenfdjen  nidjt  ift,  fommt  aui^  nirf)t 


if)m.    111,3. 

2.  Sir  fb'nnen  bie   $inber  narf)  unferem  @inne  ntd)t 

formen; 
@o  wie  @ott  fie  un«  gab,  fo  mitf?  man  fie  b,aben  nnb 

(ieben, 
@ie  erjie^en  auf^  befte  unb  jegtii^en  taffen  gemafjren. 

Ill,  47-49. 

3.  $>er  eine  fjat  bie,  bie  anberen  anbere  ©aben; 


204  APPENDIX   A 


$eber  braurf)t  fie,  unb  jeber  ift  bod)  nur  auf  eigene 

SEBetfe 
©lit  unb  gliicmd).    Ill,  50-52. 

4.  £)er  ^iittSftttQ  reifet  jutn  Siftanne.; 
23effer  im  ftiflen  reift  er  jur  £at  oft,  al8  im  ©erciufcfye 
SSilben,  fd)it>anfenben  £eben$,  ba^  mandjen  3"ttgling 

ocrbcrbt  I)at.     IV,  127-129. 

5.  33efonber3  bebarf  bie  ^iigenb,  ba^  man  fie  leite.  V,  85. 

PEAK.     (Latin,  Miseros  prudentia  prima  reliquit.) 

1.  (58  nimmt  bie  ©efa^r  bem  3)lenfdjen  atte  ^Befinnung. 

1,  121-122. 

2.  (58  befc^teic^et  bie  ^urc^t  gar  balb  bie  Bergen  ber 

3Kenfrf)en.    1,158. 

3.  £)er  gliii^tige  fennt  fein  ©efe^;  benn  er  t»et)rt  nur 

ben  £ob  ab.    VI,  58. 

FRIENDSHIP.     (Latin,  Multos  modios  sails  sinral  edendos 
esse,  ut  amicitiae  munus  expletum  sit.) 

1.  (5b/  bu  ben  ©d^cffel  @atj  mit  bem  neuen  Sefannten 


£)arfft  bu  nic^t  tetrf)tlt^  ifjm  trauen;  bid)  mad)t  bie 

3eit  nur  gennffer 
2Bie  bu  e8  fjabeft  mit  ifjm,  unb  luie  bie  ftreunbfcfjaft 

bcftc^c.    VI,  162-164. 

GRATITUDE.     (Latin,   Nullum   eniin   officium    referenda 
gratia  magis  necessarmm  est.) 

1.  £iebe  bie  Siebenben  rein  unb  fyalte  bem  ©uten  bid) 
banfbar.    IX,  284. 


APPENDIX  A  205 


HEALTH.     (Latin,  Mens  sana  in  corpore  sano  ;  Formosa 
facies  muta  commendatio  est.) 

1.  ©liidlid),  mm  bod)  Gutter  •ftcitur  bie  recite  (SJeftatt 

gab! 

£)enn  fie  empfteljlet  ifjn  ftets,  unb  ntrgenbs  ift  er  em 
ftrembting.    VI,  150-151. 

2.  ©o  eht  Doftfommener  ®orper  genrift  t>ertt>af)rt  aud) 

bte  Seele 

9fJem,  unb  bie  ritftige  ^9enb  Derjpridjt  em  gtittf  Itdje^ 
Sitter.     VI,  157-158. 

LOVE  AND  MARRIAGE.     (Latin,  Si  qua  voles  apte  nubere, 
nube  pari  ;   Omnia  vincit  amor.) 


1.  Sftartdj  gute£  SOfrJbdjen  bebarf  be3  fd)it^enben 

Unb  ber  9ftcmn  be^  erljeiternben  SSetb^,  iDenn  iljm 
Unglitcf  be»orfte^t.    II,  103-104. 

2.  Sin  wacferer  9)?ann  Derbtent  em  begitterteg  9)?nbd)en. 

II,  171. 

3.  @«  tbfet  bie  Stebe  jeglidje  ^3anbe,  nienn  fie  bie  ifyrigen 

fnupft.    IV,  217-218. 

4.  ©Utcf(id)  ift  ber,  bem  fogletd)  bie  erfte  ©eliebte  bie 

§anb  reidjt, 

^ent  ber  (ieb(irf)fte  Sunfd)  nirfjt  t)eimtid)  im  ^erjen 
Derfd)macf)tet  !    V,  73-74. 

5.  2(n  ber  SBrcwt,  bie  ber  sD?ann  fid)  eriualilt,  ttt^t  g(eid) 

fid)  erfennen, 

©eifte«  er  ift,  nnb  ob  er  fid)  eigenen  Sert 
ftt^It.     IX,  81-82. 


206  APPENDIX  A 


6.  2Bie  foeit  em  arme3  Sftabdjen  entfernt  tft 

23on  bem  reicfjeren  Bungling,  imb    ftenn    fie   bie 
£iid)tigfte  ware  !    IX,  161-162. 

MANLY  QUALITIES.     (Latin,  Maxima  enim  morum  sem- 
per patientia  virtus.) 

1.  £m(tet  am  ©touben  feft  .  .  . 

£)enn  fie  mad)t  im  ©tttcfe  tterftanbig  itnb  fitter,  tm 

UngUtcf 
$Reid)t  fie  ben  fdjbnftett  Xroft  unb  betebt  bie  f)err(trf)fte 

^offnung.    1,  186-188. 

2.  Ungererfjt  bleiben  bie  Scanner,  bie  Qtittn  ber  Siebe 

»erget)en.    II,  186. 

3.  £)te  Banner  fittb  fyeftig  unb  benfen  nur  tmmer  ba3 


llnb  bie  ^inberntd  treibt  bie  ^eftigen  (eic^t  Don  bem 
SBege.    IV,  148-149. 

4.  !lDer  90?ann  bebarf  ber  @ebulb;  er  bebarf  and)  be« 

reinen, 

^mrner  gkic^en,  rul)igen  ©itin^   urtb   be3  graben 
93erftanbeg.    V,  25-26. 

5.  SBafyre  9^eigung  dotlenbet  fogleirf)  jum  9JJanne  ben 

Bungling.    V,  76. 

MODERATION.  (Latin,  Naturalia  non  sunt  turpia  ;  Medio 
tutissimus  ibis  ;  Modus  omnibus  in  rebus  opti- 
mum est  habitu.) 

1.  2l(Ier  ,3uft<mb  ift  gut,  ber  natiir(icf)  tft  unb  oerniinftig. 
V,  12. 


APPENDIX  A  207 


2.  3$teletf  nnntfd)t  fid)  ber  9ftenfd),  unb  bod)  bebarf  er 

nur  roentg.    V,  13. 

3.  Caftt  un£  and)  bieSntal  bod)  nur  bie  SfttttetftraBe  be* 

treten!    V,  81. 

STEADFASTNESS.     (Latin,  Semper  eadein ;  Mens  aequa  in 
arduis.) 

1.  £>er  Sftenfrf),  ber  }ur  fdjmanfenben  3ett  and)  fdjman* 

!enb  gefinnt  ift, 

£)er  oermeb/ret  ba^  libel  unb  breitet  eg  wetter  unb 
nieiter.    IX,  301-302. 

2.  $Ber  fcft  auf  bent  ©tnne  beb.arrt,  ber  bilbet  bie  SBelt 

fid).    IX,  303. 

3.  (gs  merben  nod)  ftetS  bie  entfd)(offenen  53b'I!er  ge- 

priefen, 
$)ic  fur  ®ott  unb  ©efefc,  fiir  (Sltcrn,  SBetber  unb 

tinber 
<Stritten    unb   gegen   ben    $einb    sufammenfte^enb 

erlagen.    IX,  307-309. 

THRIFT.     (Latin,  Immoritur  studiis,  et  amore  senescit 
habendi.) 

1.  @^  tierla'fct  ber  9J?enfd)  fo  ungern  ba§  te^te  ber  §abe. 

I,  129. 

2.  O,  tt)ie  gtitdUd)  ift  ber,  bent  33ater  unb  OJhttter  bad 

§au*  fdjon 

SCo^tbeftellt  iibergeben,  unb  ber  ntit  ©ebet^en  e$  au§- 
jiert !    II,  164-165. 

3.  Sftanrfjertei  Twinge  bebarf  ber  Sftenfd),  unb  afleS  mtrb 

taglirf) 


208  APPENDIX   A 


Xeuret;  ba  fef)' er  fid)  ttor,  be3  (Mbe$  mefjr  511  er= 

toerben.    II,  167-168. 

4.  9ttd)t  ba3  <Sparen  atteht,  urn  fpat  $u  geme^en,  madjt 
bag  ©Utcf.    IV,  181-182. 

TRAXSITORINESS  OF  LIFE.     (Latin,  Tempus  fugit ;   Om- 
nia  mutantur ;  Xil  homini  certum  est.) 

1.  (Sin  £ag  ift  ntd)t  bem  anberen  gtetd).    IV,  126-127. 

2.  £>ie  Xage  finb  fitr^,  vmb  befdjranft  ber  Sterbttrfjen 

@cf)icffal.    V,  14, 

3.  ^iemanb  iDei^,  rt)ie  long'  er  e§  ^at,  tt)a«  er  riifjig 

befi|et.    VI,  202. 

4.  Mm  ein  grembtmg,  fagt  man  mit  9?ed)t,  ift  ber 

9ftenfcf)  ^ter  auf  (Srben.    IX,  268. 

5.  §eUtg  fei  bir  ber  £ag ;  bod)  fd)tt^e  ba§  Seben  nid)t  tjb^er 
ills  ein  anbereS  ©nt,  unb  ade  ©liter  finb  triig(id). 

IX,  287-288. 

6.  @o  fdjeint  bem  enbtid)  gefanbeten  2d)iffer 

2lud)  ber  fidjerfte  ®runb  be§  fefteften  ®obeM  gu 
fd)tpanfen.    IX,  294-295. 

UNIOX.     (Latin,  Concordia  res  parvae  crescunt,  discordia 
raaxirnae  dilabantur ;  E  pluribus  unuin.) 

1.  ^er  ©in^elne  fd)abet  fid)  felber, 

!Der  fid)  ^ingibt,  toenn  fid)  nid)t  atle  jum  ©an$en 
beftreben.    IV,  144-145. 

2.  ©ebad)te  jeber  n?ie  id),  fo  ftitnbe  bte  S0?ad)t  auf 
©egen  bie  3Wad)t,  unb  un'r  erfreuten  un3  afle  be^ 

IX,  316-317. 


APPENDIX  A  209 


WOMANLY  VIRTUES.     (Latin,  Vestigia  nulla  retrorsum  ; 
Human!  nil  a  me  alienum  puto.) 

1.  (Sin  gefdjaftiges  $$eib  tut  feme  Scfyntte  tiergebenS. 

IV,  15. 

2.  gin  &eib  ift  gefdjtcft,  auf  Sftittel  gu  benfen,  unb 

mnnbelt 

Stud)  ben  Umtrieg,  gefrfjtcft  ju  i^rem  3me^  3U  9e* 
(angen.    IV,  150-151. 

3.  ^^r  etgneS  Ungliicf  oergeffenb, 
@te^t  fie  anberen  bet,  ift  oi)ne  §ilfe  nod)  fyUfretd). 

V,  102-103. 

4.  IMenen  lerne  bei^eiten  ba^  Seib  nad)  i^rer  ^3eftim= 

mung; 
5)enn  burd)  X)ienen  aUetn  gelangt  fie  enb(id)  gum 


u  ber  oerbienten  ©emalt,  bie  bod)  i^r  int  §aufe 
ge^oret.    VII,  114-116. 


APPENDIX   B. 
2lnbcmg  B. 

Literary  Value, 
fiitcrartfdjcr  28ert. 

In  determining  the  literary  value  of  a  production  it  is 
well  to  consider  (a)  the  author's  own  estimate  of  the 
work,  (6)  its  reception  by  contemporaries,  (c)  its  position 
in  the  history  of  literature,  and  (cl)  its  subsequent  literary 
influence. 

(a)  Goethe's  Estimate. 
(Soetfyes  Settling. 

Goethe  was  just  as  unsparing  in  his  criticism  of  his 
own  works  as  he  was  when  judging  the  writings  of  others. 
For  this  reason,  and  because  of  his  mental  acuteness  and 
critical  faculty,  his  estimate  of  Hermann  und  Dorothea  is 
especially  interesting. 

On  April  28,  1797,  when  the  first  draft  of  the  poem 
was  complete,  Goethe  wrote  to  his  artist  friend,  Heinrich 
Meyer  (1760-1832),  "The  theme  is  a  most  happy  one,  a 
subject  such  as  one  would  probably  not  find  twice  in  a 
lifetime,  for  the  material  for  real  works  of  art  is  gen- 
erally much  less  frequently  found  than  a  person  thinks." 

To  Schiller  *  on  January  3,  1798,  he  wrote,  "  In  Her- 

1  See  Stnleitung  (Introduction),  page  xxiii,  line  21  to  page  xxiv, 
line  6. 

210 


APPENDIX  B  211 


mann  und  Dorothea  I  have,  as  far  as  subject  matter  goes, 
for  once  given  the  Germans  what  they  want,  and  now 
they  are  most  highly  satisfied." 

On  July  8,  1823,  he  wrote  to  a  friend :  "  They  brought 
me  the  Latin  translation  of  Hermann  und  Dorothea.  I 
had  a  very  strange  feeling  then.  I  had  not  seen  this 
favorite  poem  of  mine  for  many  years.  Now  I  saw  it  as 
in  a  mirror  which  has  the  power  of  exerting  a  peculiar 
magic  force." 

In  his  conversations  with  his  friend  and  secretary, 
Eckermann,  he  said  on  January  18, 1825  :  "  Hermann  und 
Dorothea  is  almost  the  only  one  of  my  longer  poems  which 
still  gives  me  pleasure.  I  can  never  read  it  without 
heartfelt  sympathy.  It 'is  especially  dear  to  me  in  the 
Latin  translation ;  there  it  seems  nobler  to  me,  as  if  in 
form  it  had  returned  to  its  source." 

(6)  Reception  by  Contemporaries. 

2Iufnar;tne  con  gettijenoffen. 

The  very  recent  publication  of  the  Xenien l  had  aroused 
bitter  hatred  in  the  hearts  of  many  of  the  lesser  lights 
of  contemporary  German  literature,  and,  as  Schiller  said, 
it  could  hardly  be  expected  that  they  would  be  just  in 
their  criticism  of  this  new  work.  From  these  people 
there  was  some  petty,  narrow-minded,  unfavorable  criti- 
cism, for  "a  man  who  had  attempted  such  an  outrage 
must  be  shown,  even  if  he  be  Goethe,  that  people  knew 
how  to  be  angry."  Such  criticism,  however,  only  re- 
dounded to  the  discredit  of  the  critic.  From  the  fair- 


1  See  Notes,  page  145,  The  Elegy. 


212  APPENDIX  B 


minded,  intelligent  literary  men  there  came  only  praise, 
and  that  the  most  enthusiastic.  Hermann  und  Dorothea 
was  the  first  of  Goethe's  great  works  since  Werther l  that 
appealed  to  the  public  at  large,  and  it  was  received  with 
delight. 

Schiller's  praise  was  unceasing ;  to  him  this  epic  was 
"the  acme  of  Goethe's  and  all  our  new  art."  A.  W. 
Schlegel,2  in  the  Allgemeine  Literaturzeitnng  for  Decem- 
ber 11, 1797,  closes  with  the  words,  "  Hermann  und  Doro- 
thea is  a  perfect  work  of  art  in  the  grand  style  and  at 
the  same  time  easily  understood,  genuine,  patriotic,  and 
popular ;  a  book  full  of  golden  teachings  of  wisdom  and 
virtue."  The  Neue  Niirnbergische  gelehrte  Zeitung  for 
December  12,  1797,  said,  "  Over  all  there  reigns  the  most 
beautiful  simplicity  .  .  .  and  especially  such  simple  and 
popular  worldly  wisdom,  so  that  as  a  book  of  golden 
proverbs  it  deserves  to  be  read  more  than  once." 

Barbara  Schulthess,  a  friend  of  Goethe's,  wrote  :  "  Your 
Hermann  gave  me  great  pleasure.  It  is  as  if  old  Homer 
were  living  among  us  and  telling  us  stories  of  our  own 
day.  .  .  .  How  can  one  honor  enough  this  art-concealing 
work  of  art  —  the  rich  diversity  and  spirit  that  breathes 
and  throbs  through  it  all." 

Goethe's  happy,  light-hearted  mother  fairly  bubbled 
over  with  enthusiasm.  At  one  time  she  wrote :  "  The 
work  is  a  masterpiece  without  equal.  I  carry  it  around 


1  See  (Sinleitung  (Introduction),  page  xviii,  lines  22-31. 

2  August  Wilhelm  Schlegel   (1767-1845),   a  distinguished   German 
critic,  poet,  professor,  and  Orientalist.   His  translations  of  Shakespeare 
are  among  the  best  ever  made  and  have  made  Shakespeare  a  national 
poet  of  Germany. 


APPENDIX  B  213 


as  a  cat  does  her  kittens.  Sunday  I  am  going  to  take  it 
along  to  Stocks.1  They  will  exult  and  crow  over  it." 
Again  she  says  :  "  What  an  effect  Hermann  und  Dorothea 
has  here  ;  I  have  already  told  my  dear  daughter  (Goethe's 
wife,  Christiane)  in  part.  Hufnagel  -  is  so  enthusiastic 
about  it  that  he  uses  it  at  marriages  and  wherever  possi- 
ble. .  .  .  He  maintains  that  you  have  never  written  any- 
thing like  it.  ...  He  considers  every  one  who  does  not 
have  it,  or  carry  it  with  him  as  a  handbook,  a  Hotten- 
tot." 

Bottiger3  hailed  it  as  "  the  only  Odyssey  possible  in 
our  day,  .  .  .  the  simplest  mind  will  grasp  it,  the  most 
learned  and  experienced  will  admire  it."  At  another 
time  he  wrote  in  his  diary,  "  What  a  world  of  action 
and  feeling,  in  what  small  space  and  with  what  few 
means !  There  is  inexpressible  art  in  the  whole  compo- 
sition." 

Goethe's  friend  and  collaborator  in  the  revision,  Wil- 
helm  von  Humboldt,4  wrote  a  book  on  it.  Within  a  few 
years  the  epic  had  been  translated  into  French,  English, 
Danish,  Swedish,  and  Italian ;  and  within  Goethe's  life- 
time it  appeared  in  almost  every  known  language,  ancient 
and  modern. 


1  Friends  of  the  Goethe  family.    See  Notes,  page  145,  lines  9-12. 

2  A  minister  in  Frankfurt,  Goethe's  native  city. 

8  Karl  August  Bottiger  (1760-1835),  a  prominent  German  archaeolo- 
gist, editor,  and  critic.  He  aided  Goethe  in  the  publication  of  Her- 
mann und  Dorothea.  See  Appendix  E,  b,  page  242. 

4  Baron  Karl  Wilhelm  von  Humboldt  (1767-1835),  an  eminent  Ger- 
man philologist,  author,  and  statesman.  He  was  one  of  Goethe's  most 
faithful  assistants  in  the  revision  of  the  poem.  See  Appendix  E,  c, 
page  245.  For  his  book,  see  Appendix  F,  d,  page  263. 


214  APPENDIX  B 


(c)  Later  Appreciation. 

Spdtere  Scfyatjuncj. 

Modern  appreciation  of  the  poem  is  so  great  that  words 
of  praise  are  legion.  Only  a  few  opinions  need  be  quoted. 
Duntzer J  calls  it  "the  noblest  crown  that  a  poet  ever 
twined  about  the  head  of  his  people,"  which  will  "  live  as 
long  as  there  is  a  German  heart  to  be  affected,  touched, 
and  elevated  by  it." 

Scherer 2  says,  "  Hermann  und  Dorothea  is  Goethe's 
highest  achievement  in  epic  poetry,  the  most  perfect 
product  of  his  cultured  realism,  the  noblest  fruit  of  that 
style  which  he  had  acquired  during  his  sojourn  in  Italy." 

One  of  the  greatest  modern  critics  and  admirers  of 
Goethe,  Hermann  Grimm,3  says :  "  Alexis  und  Dora 4  is 
unsurpassed  —  not  as  if  it  were  a  translation  from  the 
Greek,  but  as  if  an  old  Greek  had  known  how  to  write 
German.  Goethe  united  all  the  advantages  of  this  new 
method  in  perfection  in  one  noble  work,  which  in  an 
artistic  sense  appears  the  most  beautiful  and  faultless, 
and  in  a  human  sense  the  truest,  of  all  his  productions, 
Hermann  und  Dorothea.  The  triumph  of  a  work  of  art, 
from  an  aesthetic  point  of  view,  is  so  to  affect  the  imag- 
ination, that  before  the  work  itself  the  creator  is  forgot- 
ten, and  that  only  after  a  while,  and  as  if  recovering  from 


1  Duntzer,  H. :  Erltiuterungen  zu  den  deutschen  Elassikern :  Her- 
mann und  Dorothea. 

2  Scherer,  W. :  History  of  German  Literature. 
8  Griram,  H. :  The  Life  and  Times  of  Goethe. 

4  A  beautiful  classic  idyl  written  by  Goethe  in  1796.  The  lines  are 
alternately  hexameter  and  pentameter,  the  elegiac  verse  of  the  Greeks 
and  the  Romans. 


APPENDIX  B  215 


an  enchantment,  we  say  to  ourselves  that  the  picture  or 
poem  owes  its  existence  to  some  hand  without  which  it 
never  could  have  been.  This  was  Goethe's  triumph  in 
Hermann  und  Dorothea.  He  seems  to  have  discovered 
in  the  form  he  gave  this  poem  the  innate  rhythm  of  the 
German  language ;  and  in  the  subject  he  glorifies  the 
source  of  all  German  strength  and  excellence  —  a  healthy, 
temperate,  domestic  life." 

Hermann  Schreyer  says 1 :  "  The  genuine  epic  tone 
reached  its  climax  in  Homeric  clearness,  purity,  and 
naturalness  in  Hermann  und  Dorothea.  So  it  became  a 
consummate  work  of  art  and  stands  among  Goethe's 
achievements  in  the  very  first  rank." 

Similar  expressions  of  praise  may  be  found  in  almost 
every  history  of  German  literature. 

(d)  Literary  Influence. 

£tterartfd?e  (Etntmrfuncj. 

Dorothea's  noblest  daughter  is  our  American  Evange- 
line.  Goethe's  work  was  not  Longfellow's  only  source, 
but  that  it  influenced  him  greatly  is  unmistakable.  His 
professorship  of  German,  one  of  the  first  in  this  country, 
and  his  extended  travel  and  study  in  Germany  have  re- 
flected a  Teutonic  spirit  in  more  than  one  of  his  noble 
works.  In  Evangeline,  the  picture  of  simple  rural  life, 
a  people  driven  from  home  and  scattered  by  war,  the 
trials  and  sufferings  which  develop  and  enhance  the 
heroine's  character,  and,  lastly,  the  hexameter  verse  and 


1  In  his  introduction  to  Hermann  und  Dorothea  in  the  Jubilaums 
Edition  of  Goethe's  Works. 


216  APPENDIX  B 


Homeric  language  echo  very  clearly  the   notes   of  the 
earlier  German  work.1 

So  close  an  imitation  cannot  be  found  in  German.  Per- 
haps the  most  lasting  literary  effect  here  is  the  natural- 
ization and  popularization  of  the  hexameter  verse.  Her- 
mann Grimm 2  says  that  the  hexameter  made  by  Voss 3 
was  only  endowed  with  life  by  Goethe,  for  he  "  stripped 
it  of  its  academic  stiffness  and  suited  it  to  the  lips  of  the 
people."  The  nineteenth  century  numbers  among  the 
successful  users  of  this  verse  several  prominent  poets, 
such  as  Platen,  Hamerling,  Hebbel,  Rosegger,  and  Xagl. 


1  See  also  Appendix  E,/,  (2),  page  258. 

2  In  his  Life  and  Times  of  Goethe. 
*  See  Appendix  E,/,  (1),  page  254. 


APPENDIX   C. 
<L 


Sources. 
1>ie  Cuteflen. 

Goethe  himself  never  connected  Hermann  und  Doro- 
thea with  the  story  of  the  Salzburg  refugees,  and  when 
the  Morgenblatt  of  the  year  1809  (No.  138)  pointed  to  this 
narrative  as  the  origin  of  his  epic,  he  neither  affirmed  nor 
denied  the  statement.  Many  of  the  details  of  the  epic, 
however,  point  unmistakably  to  this  story  as  a  major 
source.  Other  features  may  be  traced  to  Goethe's  own 
life  and  experiences,  while  he  himself  pays  his  tribute  to 
Voss's  Luise  1  as  a  great  inspiration. 

(a)  Salzburger  Story. 
Sa^burcjer  <Sefd?td?te. 

The  Thirty  Years'  War  (1618-1648),  a  ferocious  strug- 
gle for  religious  liberty,  was  concluded  with  the  peace 
of  Westphalia,  which  practically  guaranteed  freedom  of 
conscience  to  all.  Each  ruler,  however,  might  make  his 
own  religion  that  of  the  state.  Those  who  refused  to 
accept  this  religion  were  to  be  allowed  three  years  to 
leave  the  country. 

1  See  Appendix  C,  d,  page  227. 

217 


218  APPENDIX   C 


In  1727  Leopold  Anton,  Baron  of  Firmian,  became 
Archbishop  of  Salzburg,1  a  district  inhabited  by  sturdy, 
thrifty  miners,  peasants,  and  artisans.  He  began  at  once 
a  crusade  against  his  Protestant  subjects  and  finally,  on 
October  31,  1731,  issued  a  decree  that  all  heretics  above 
the  age  of  twelve,  not  possessing  salable  property,  should 
leave  the  country  within  eight  days.  Those  who  had 
estates  or  goods  were  given  a  limited  time  to  sell  them  ; 
employees  in  the  government  mines  and  forests  were 
immediately  discharged.  Within  a  month  the  order  was 
being  ruthlessly  executed.  About  thirty  thousand  people 
were  driven  out.  They  sought  refuge  in  Prussia,  Wiirt- 
ternberg,  the  Netherlands,  England,  and  even  Georgia, 
U.  S.  A.  In  Germany,  governments  and  people  made 
every  effort  to  help  them. 

The  hardships  which  these  poor  people  endured  aroused 
much  sympathy,  and  many  tales  were  written  about  them. 
From  one  of  these  Goethe  obtained  the  basis  of  his  epic. 
A  pamphlet  of  1732,  entitled  Das  liebthatige  Gera  gegen 
die  Saltzburgischen  Emigranten  (Beneficent  Gera  to  the 
Salzburg  Emigrants),  tells,  among  other  stories  of  the 
charity  of  Gera,  a  city  about  thirty  miles  southeast  of 
Weimar,  the  story  of  the  "  wonderful  marriage."  Two 
years  later  G.  G.  Gocking's  Vbllkommene  Emigrations- 
geschichte  der  aus  dem  Erzbisthum  Salzburg  vertriebenen 
Lutheraner  (Complete  History  of  the  Emigration  of  the 
Lutherans  exiled  from  the  Archbishopric  of  Salzburg) 
told  the  story  in  the  chapter  entitled  "  Von  den  Spuren 
der  gottlichen  Vbrsehung"  (Evidences  of  Divine  Provi- 

1  Now  a  crownland  of  Austria,  situated  in  the  western  part  of  the 
country,  southeast  of  Munich,  Germany. 


APPENDIX   C  219 


denee).  Which  article  gave  Goethe  his  idea  is  difficult 
to  say,  since  he  nowhere  enlightens  us.  The  substance 
of  the  two  is  practically  the  same.  Many  quote  the  first 
as  the  source;  Dimtzer1  gives  the  second.  The  latter 
would  seem  the  more  probable,  since  the  same  chapter 
relates  the  incident  of  the  overthrow  of  an  over-packed 
wagon  (see  Canto  I,  line  136  and  note). 

The   story  as  Dlintzer   quotes  it   is   as   follows  ;   the 
peculiar  spelling  is  that  of  the  old  document  : 


,,5o  nabm  man  aud?  bte  uwnberbare  ^ii^rung  (Sottes  an  ciner 
Saltjburgtfdjen  Dime  n>ar,  bte  ber  Religion  toegen  Pater  unb 
IHutter  rerlaffen  fyatte,  unb  auf  ber  Heyfe  fo  nwnberbarltd?  t>er= 
beyratb,et  t»arb.  Dtefes  IHabgen  303  mtt  ib.ren  £anbs=£eutert  fort, 
ofyne  311  unffen,  n>ie  es  tb.r  ergefyen,  obcr  IDO  fie  (Sott  btnfii^ren 
roiirbc.  2IIs  fie  nun  biird?  bas  0etttngifd?e  reyfeten,  Fam  etnes 
retcijen  Biirgers  So^n  aus  2ntmiitjl  311  tljr,  unb  fragte  fie,  a>ie  es 
thr  in  baftgem  £anbe  gefalle?  Ste  gab  3iir  2lntn>ort  :  fjerr,  gantj 
tpoljl.  €r  fu^r  fort:  ©b  fie  benn  bey  fetnem  Dater  rpo^l  btenen 
tyolte?  fie  anttDortete:  (Sar  gerne!  fie  roolte  treu  unb  flei§tg  feyn, 
roenn  er  fie  in  feme  Ptenfte  annebmen  njolte.  Barauf  er3db,Ite  fie 
tfym  alle  Bauer=2lrbett,  bte  fie  cerftiinbe.  Sie  fonne  bas  Dteb, 
futtern,  bte  Kiib,e  melcfen,  bas  ^elb  beftellen,  fjeu  mad?en,  unb 
bergletcfyen  meb^r  t»errtd?ten.  Hun  b,atte  ber  Pater  biefen  feinen 
Sotjn  offt  angemab^net,  ba^  er  bod?  fyeyratben  mod?te;  roo3u  er  ftci? 
aber  r>orb.er  nte  entfd?lteffcn  fonnen.  Da  aber  befagte  <£mtgranten 
ba  burcbjogen,  unb  er  btefes  ITTabgen  anftctyttg  roarb,  geftel  ibm 
biefelbe.  €r  gtng  baber  ju  fetnem  Pater,  erinnerte  benfelben,  u?te 
er  tbn  fo  offt  jum  beYra^cn  angefpornet,  unb  entbecf  te  tb,m  babey, 
bag  er  fid?  nun  metjro  cine  23raut  ausgefud?t  b^itte.  €r  bate,  ber 
Pater  mod?te  tbm  nun  erlauben,  bafj  er  biefelbe  netjmen  burffte. 
Der  Pater  frug  tb.n,  toer  biefelbe  fey?  <£r  gab  tbm  3ur  Kntroort: 


1  Diintzer,  H. :  Erlauterungen  zu  den  deutschen  Klassikern :  Her- 
mann und  Dorothea. 


220  APPENDIX   C 


<£s  fey  etne  Saltjburgerin,  bie  thm  fetjr  t»obl  geftele.  IPolte  ihm 
nun  bet  Pater  nid?t  crlauben,  bag  er  btefelbe  beyratben  burfte;  fo 
roiirbe  er  and?  niemals  beyratben.  2Us  nun  ber  Pater  nebft  fetnen 
vf  reunben  unb  bem  be^ugebolten  prebtgcr  .fid?  lange  rergebltd?  bc= 
miibet  batte,  ibm  fold?es  aus  bem  5inne  3u  rcben,  es  ibm  aber  enb= 
ltd?  3ugegeben l ;  fo  ftcllete  biefer  fetnem  Pater  bte  Sal^burgerin 
bar.  Das  UTa'bgen  aber  n>u§te  r»on  ntd?ts  anbcrs,  als  bag  man  fie 
3u  etner  Dtenft^IHagb  nerlangete.  llnb  bestuegen  gteng  fie  aud? 
nut  bem  jungen  ITtcnfdjen  nad?  bem  Baufe  feittes  Paters.  Der 
Pater  bingegen  ftunb  in  ben  (5ebanrfen,  als  batte  ber  Sobn  ber 
Saltjburgerin  fetn  f^er^  fd^on  eroffnet.  Daber  fragte  er  fie:  IPte  tbr 
benn  fein  Sob^n  geftele,  itnb  ob  fie  ibn  benn  ipobl  bevratben  roolte  ? 
JPeil  fie  nun  bapon  nid^ts  ornate,  fo  meynete  fie,  man  fucfyte  fie  3u 
ctffen.  Sie  fteng  barauf  an:  ITlan  folte  fie  nur  nid?t  foppen!  311 
einer  ITTagb  batte  man  fie  oerlangt,  unb  3u  bem  (£nbe  roa're  fie 
feinem  Sobne  nad?gegangen.  IDolte  man  fie  nun  ba.^u  annebmen, 
fo  njolte  fie  alien  ^leig  unb  Sreue  beroeifen  unb  ibr  Brobt  fd?on 
cerbienen.  ^oppen  aber  liefje  fie  fid?  nid?t.  I)cr  Pater  aber  blicb 
babey,  ba§  es  fein  (Ernft  roare,  unb  ber  Sobn  entbecfete  ibr  and? 
barauf  bie  toabre  ilrfad?c,  roarum  er  fie  mit  nad?  feines  Paters 
f^aufe  gefiibret,  nemlid?:  <£r  babe  ein  bert5ltd)es  Pcrlangen,  fie  5u 
lieyratlien.  Das  IHabgen  fa'be  itfn  barauf  an,  ftunb  ein  fletn 
u>enig  ftille  unb  fagte  enblidx  IPenn  es  benn  fein  (Ernft  roa're,  bag 
er  fie  fyaben  tuolte,  fo  rocire  fie  es  aud?  3ufrieben,  unb  fo  roolte  fie 
ibn  balten,  n>ie  ib^r  2Iuge  im  Kopffe.  Per  Sobn  reicbte  ibr  bierauf 
ein  <£be=pfanb:  Sie  aber  griff  fo  fort  in  ben  23ufen,  3og  einen  Bcu= 
tel  r(eraus,  barinn  3ipeibunbert  Ducaten  ftaden,  unb  fagte:  Sie 


1  In  the  first  version  of  the  story  we  find  here  the  words :  ,,2>af>er  ter 
^Prebtger  enblicfy  gentemet,  e8  fb'nne  ®ott  fetnc  fonberfcare  Sc^icfung  barunter 
t>a6en,  ba§  e«  jot»o{)t  bem  @o^ne,  a(«  aud>  ber  gmtgrantin  jum  beften  ge= 
retc^en  tonne,  Worauf  fie  enblic^  if>re  einhjitligung  geben,  unb  ess  bem  @of>ne 
in  fetnen  ©efaHcn  fteHen." 

"  Then  the  minister  finally  suggested  that  it  might  be  God's  special 
providence,  and  that  it  might  result  to  the  good  of  the  son  as  well  as 
of  the  emigrant  girl,  whereupon  they  finally  gave  their  consent,  and 
permitted  the  son  to  do  as  he  liked." 


APPENDIX  C  221 


tDoItc  ibm  hie  mit  aud?  cinen  ITCabUSctyat}  geben.  ^olgltd?  tear 
bte  Perlobmtg  nd?ttg.  Ejat  man  trotyl  nid?t  Hrfad?e  bet  fold?en 
llmjtartocn  roller  Pernmnoerung  aus^urufett:  f?err,  tote  gar  unbe= 
gretfftd?  fino  beinc  (Sertcbte,  uni)  true  unerforfd^lid?  oetrte  IPege?" 

"  And  so  the  wonderful  providence  of  God  was  perceived  in  the 
case  of  a  Salzburg  girl,  who,  for  religious  reasons,  had  left  her 
father  and  mother  and  was  married  on  the  journey  in  such  a 
miraculous  way.  This  girl  started  out  with  her  countrymen  with- 
out knowing  how  she  would  fare  or  whither  God  would  lead  her. 
Now  when  she  was  traveling  through  the  Oettingen  district,  the 
son  of  a  rich  citizen  of  Altmiihl l  caine  to  her  and  asked  her  how 
she  liked  it  in  this  land.  She  answered:  "Very  well,  sir."  He 
asked  further  whether  she  would  like  to  serve  his  father.  She 
answered :  "  Very  gladly."  She  would  be  faithful  and  industrious 
if  he  would  take  her  in  his  service.  Then  she  told  all  the  farm 
work  which  she  could  do.  She  could  feed  the  cattle,  milk  the 
cows,  till  the  field,  make  hay,  and  do  other  things  of  that  kind. 
Now  the  father  had  often  urged  this  son  of  his  to  marry,  but  thus 
far  he  had  never  been  able  to  make  up  his  mind  to  it.  But  when 
the  aforesaid  emigrants  were  traveling  through,  and  he  saw  the 
girl,  she  pleased  him.  He  went  therefore  to  his  father,  reminded 
him  how  he  had  so  often  urged  him  to  marry,  and  revealed  to  him 
that  he  had  now  chosen  a  bride.  He  begged  that  his  father  would 
permit  him  to  have  her.  The  father  asked  him  who  she  was.  He 
answered  that  it  was  a  Salzburg  girl  who  pleased  him  very  much, 
and  if  his  father  would  not  permit  him  to  marry  her,  he  would 
never  marry.  Now  when  the  father  with  his  friends  and  the  min- 
ister, who  had  been  summoned,  had  tried  long  in  vain  to  dissuade 
him,  and  had  finally  given  in,  he  presented  the  Salzburg  girl  to 
him.  The  girl,  however,  only  knew  that  she  was  wanted  as  a 
servant-girl.  And  so  she  went  with  the  young  man  to  his  father's 
house.  The  father,  on  the  other  hand,  was  under  the  impres- 
sion that  his  son  had  revealed  his  feelings  to  the  girl.  He  asked 


1  There  is  an  Altmiihl  River  flowing  into  the  Danube  in  central 
Bavaria,  but  no  town  by  that  name  appears. 


222  APPENDIX  C 


her,  therefore,  how  she  liked  his  son  and  whether  she  would  marry 
him.  Because  she  knew  nothing  about  the  matter,  she  thought  he 
was  trying  to  make  a  fool  of  her.  She  replied  to  that,  that  he 
should  not  banter  her,  that  she  had  been  desired  as  a  maid  and  for 
that  purpose  she  had  followed  his  son.  If  he  would  take  her  as 
such,  she  would  be  industrious  and  faithful  and  surely  earn  her 
bread,  but  she  would  not  stand  teasing.  The  father  insisted,  how- 
ever, that  he  was  in  earnest,  and  the  son  revealed  to  her  then  the 
true  reason,  why  he  had  brought  her  along  to  his  father's  house, 
namely,  that  he  heartily  desired  to  marry  her.  The  girl  looked  at 
him  then,  stood  still  awhile,  and  finally  said  that  if  he  were  in 
earnest  that  he  wanted  her,  she  was  also  satisfied,  and  that  she 
would  cherish  him  as  the  apple  of  her  eye.  When  the  son  then 
gave  her  a  betrothal  gift,  she  at  once  took  a  purse  from  her  bosom, 
in  which  there  were  two  hundred  ducats,  and  said  that  with  this 
she  too  wanted  to  give  him  a  wedding  portion.  The  engagement 
was  at  once  celebrated.  Has  a  person  not  good  cause  under  such 
circumstances  to  cry  out :  '  Lord,  how  incomprehensible  are  thy 

judgments  and  how  unfathomable  are  thy  ways  ?  '  '' 

• 

This  tale  gives  us  four  of  the  principal  personages  of 
our  story  —  the  youth,  the  maiden,  the  father,  and  the 
pastor  —  and  the  main  plot.  The  backgroismd,  however, 
the  strife  of  Catholic  against  Protestant,  was  not  in 
accord  with  Goethe's  disposition,  for  he  held  himself 
aloof  from  theological  and  ecclesiastical  partisanship. 
He  chose,  therefore,  a  background  of  broader  historical 
range  and  deeper  ethical  significance — the  French  Revo- 
lution. So  the  theme  was  raised  from  the  narrower  one 
of  religious  persecution  and  heroic  faith  to  the  more 
universally  appealing  one  of  patriotism  and  the  noble 
endurance  of  the  hardships  of  war. 

The  characters  already  furnished  by  the  story  Goethe 
individualized  more  graphically  and  made  more  truly 


APPENDIX   C  223 

human  and  appealing.  The  father  becomes  a  rather 
lifelike  picture  of  Goethe's  own  father,  Dorothea  re- 
minds us  of  Friederike1  in  many  details,  the  pastor 
assumes  some  of  the  characteristics  of  Goethe's  friend 
Herder,2  and  Hermann  is  in  many  respects  not  unlike 
the  young  Goethe  himself.  To  complete  the  family 
circle  and  the  group  of  interested  friends,  and  to  give 
greater  epic  vividness  to  the  "  some  friends  "  of  the  orig- 
inal story,  it  was  only  necessary  to  add  the  apothecary, 
the  judge,  and  the  mother.  For  the  latter  Goethe  chose 
as  a  model  his  own  cheerful,  gracious  mother.3 

The  fact  that  the  Salzburg  girl  offers  her  betrothed  a 
marriage  portion  of  two  hundred  ducats  was  too  prosaic 
an  incident  to  appeal  to  Goethe's  artistic  taste ;  and,  as 
he  disliked  the  background  of  religious  strife,  he  also 
disregarded  the  fact  that  the  girl  had  been  separated 
from  her  parents  because  of  religious  disagreement. 

(6)  Campaign  in  France. 
Kampagne  in  ^ranfretd?. 

The  hardships  and  sufferings  of  war  had  been  brought 
home  to  Goethe  very  vividly  in  the  fall  of  1792,  when  he 
accompanied  his  sovereign,  Duke  Karl  August,4  in  the 
campaign  of  the  Prussian  and  Austrian  forces  against 
the  French  revolutionary  government.  A  drive  on  Paris 
was  begun  by  the  Prussians,  but,  after  an  advance  of 
fifty  miles  into  France,  their  progress  was  ingloriously 

1  See  Smlettuttg  (Introduction) ,  page  xvi,  line  27  to  page  xviii,  line  10. 

2  See  Smleitung  (Introduction) ,  page  xv,  lines  20-33. 
8  See  Note  to  Canto  II,  line  140,  page  165. 

4  See  (Sinleitung  (Introduction),  page  xix,  lines  2-6. 


224  APPENDIX   C 


halted,  and  they  had  to  give  up  the  campaign.  Goethe 
was  with  this  army  from  August  20  to  October  22,  1792. 

In  the  spring  of  1793  the  duke  was  in  the  city  of 
Mainz l  during  its  siege  and  capture.  Goethe  joined  him 
here  the  last  of  May  and  remained  until  the  surrender 
of  the  city  on  July  23.  The  experiences  of  these  two 
campaigns  are  recorded  in  the  Kampayne  in  FranJcrefch 
(Campaign  in  France)  and  the  Belagerung  von  Mainz 
(Siege  of  Mainz) ;  several  scenes  were  used  in  Hermann 
und  Dorothea. 

The  details  of  flight  at  such  a  time,  the  crowded,  im- 
passable roads,  the  wretchedness  of  women  and  children, 
the  miseries  of  the  sick  and  aged,  are  told  here  with  great 
vividness  (compare  Hermann  und  Dorothea,  Canto  I,  line 
110  ff.).  During  a  severe  storm  on  October  4, 1792,  while 
Goethe  was  billeted  in  Sivry,  an  old  woman  knocked 
loudly  at  the  door  and  demanded  food,  clothing,  and 
protection  for  a  young  mother  and  her  new-born  babe 
whom  she  had  with  her  (compare  Dorothea's  care  for  the 
invalid,  Canto  II,  lines  32-59). 

Speaking  of  the  manners  of  the  French  in  Sivry,  Goethe 
wrote :  "  Night  came  on ;  it  was  time  for  the  children  to 
go  to  bed.  They  came  up  to  their  father  and  mother, 
curtsied  respectfully,  kissed  their  hands,  and  said,  '  Bon 
soir,  papa,'  '  Bon  soir,  maman,'  with  charming  grace " 
(compare  Canto  VIII,  lines  41-47). 

The  incident  of  a  noble-minded  youth  who  was  at- 
tracted to  Paris  by  high  hopes  for  the  cause  of.  liberty, 
as  was  Dorothea's  first  betrothed  (compare  Canto  IX, 

1  Near  Frankfort,  at  the  junction  of  the  Main  and  the  Rhine  rivers, 
in  western  Germany. 


APPENDIX  C  225 


line  255  ff.),  the  vivid  pictures  of  the  sufferings  inflicted 
on  the  inhabitants  of  the  country  by  the  plunderers  of  a 
retreating  army  (compare  Canto  VI,  line  53  ff.),  and  the 
consoling  thought  that  the  horrors  and  sufferings  of  war 
produce  many  noble  and  heroic  deeds  (compare  Canto  VI, 
line  83  ff.)  are  other  features  that  probably  have  their 
origin  in  these  campaigns. 

(c)  Classical  Influence. 
Klafftfctye  (Einnnrfung. 

(1)  Homer. 


Goethe  was  by  temperament  an  epic  poet  ;  real  trag- 
edy was  not  in  accord  with  his  nature.  "  I  plainly  feel," 
he  wrote  one  time  to  Schiller,  "  that  the  very  attempt  to 
compose  a  real  tragedy  would  completely  undo  me." 
This  feeling  also  accounts  for  his  antipathy  to  the 
French  Revolution  and  his  dislike  of  the  storm  and 
stress  of  political  struggles. 

Since  Homer  exemplified  so  well  this  peace  of  mind 
and  contentment  for  which  Goethe  strove  and  longed  in 
his  life,  he  was  a  favorite  author  with  him.  During  the 
composition  of  Hermann  und  Dorothea  Goethe  read  the 
Iliad  and  the  Odyssey  repeatedly  and  followed  Homer 
as  a  model  for  his  epic.  He  succeeded,  too,  in  picturing 
contemporary  life  and  manners  with  the  same  delightful 
naivete  that  Homer  displayed  in  picturing  the  Greek  life 
and  feelings  of  his  day.1 


1  See  Appendix  B,  b  aud  c,  pages  212-214. 


226  APPENDIX   C 


The  successful  epic  poet  works  as  a  painter  or  sculptor 
does ;  his  figures  stand  before  us  like  living  beings.  As 
Goethe  said :  "  The  devices  which  I  have  employed  in 
my  last  poem  (Hermann  und  Dorothea)  I  have  learned 
entirely  from  plastic  art "  (painting  and  sculpture).  Pure 
description  is  not  acceptable ;  it  must  be  joined  with 
action.  When  Homer  wishes  to  picture  for  us  the  won- 
derful shield  of  Achilles,  he  does  not  describe  it  ab- 
stractly, but  brings  out  each  detail  as  Vulcan  makes  it ; 
so  Goethe  pictures  for  us  the  garden  and  fields  of  the 
prosperous  innkeeper  by  following  the  busy  housewife  as 
she  goes  through  them  in  search  of  her  son.  Homer  does 
not  enumerate  the  parts  of  a  ship,  but  shows  us  Odysseus 
building  the  craft  that  is  to  bear  him  away  from  the  island 
of  Calypso ;  so  Goethe  takes  us  with  Hermann  as  he  goes 
to  harness  the  beautiful  horses  that  he  has  raised  from 
colts,  and  we  watch  each  step  of  the  process.  In  this 
way  one  pleasant  episode  after  another  enriches  from 
time  to  time  the  main  theme  of  the  story. 

Not  only  in  spirit  and  style  has  Goethe  followed  his 
ancient  model,  but  he  has  borrowed  from  him  many  a 
well-turned  phrase  or  device.1  His  imitation,  however, 
is  not  slavish  and  does  not  imply  inability  on  his  part. 
It  indicates  rather  that,  permeated  with  the  Homeric 
feeling  and  spirit,  he  invested  modern  life  and  modern 
people  with  the  same  childlike  charm  and  simplicity.  He 
merely  showed  that  the  elementary  and  primitive  desires, 
sufferings,  joys,  and  actions  of  modern  man  and  woman 
are  akin  to  those  celebrated  by  the  great  singer  of  Greece. 


1  See  Appendix  E,  e,  pages  248-251. 


APPENDIX   C  227 


(2)  Italian  Journey. 
$>ie  Staliemfcfje  3ieife.    . 

It  was  in  Italy  (1786-1788)  that  Goethe  became  thor- 
oughly imbued  with  this  Greek  feeling  and  Homeric 
spirit.  He  even  planned  to  rival  Homer  and  contest 
with  him  on  his  own  ground,  for  in  Sicily,  where  Homer 
tirst  became  a  living  poet  to  him,  he  sketched  a  plan  of 
Nausikaa,  a  drama  which  was  to  concentrate  the  Odyssey, 
and  in  later  years  (1798-1799)  he  planned  and  wrote  the 
first  canto  of  the  Achilleis,  which  was  to  relate  the  death 
of  this  hero  as  the  Iliad  does  Hector's.  Both  works, 
however,  were  finally  abandoned,  for  they  required  too 
close  an  imitation  of  his  teacher,  a  thing  which  was 
wholly  foreign  to  his  genius.  The  classic  spirit,  how- 
ever, which  he  had  found  in  Italy  remained  with  him 
during  the  rest  of  his  life  and  permeated  all  of  his  later 
writings,  but  none  more  than  Hermann  und  Dorothea. 

(d)  Voss's  Luise. 
Doffens  £utfc. 

In  1783-1784,  Johann  Heinrich  Voss  (1751-1826),  the 
famous  translator  of  Homer,1  published  Luise,  an  idyl 
of  North  German  rural  life.  The  poem  won  great  favor 
immediately,  for  its  simple,  lifelike  pictures  contrasted 
most  pleasingly  with  the  artificial  productions  of  the 
earlier  literary  school.  Schiller  said  that  it  "had  not 
only  enriched,  but,  in  fact,  had  extended  the  domain  of 
German  literature,"  and  that  it  "  vied  with  remarkable 


l  See  Appendix  E,  /,  (1),  page  254. 


228  APPENDIX  C 


success  with  the  best  Greek  models."  Wieland *  declared 
that  Voss  could  claim  position  among  the  greatest  poets  of 
all  times.  These  statements  were  made  before  Hermann 
und  Dorothea  appeared.  Xow  the  words  of  A.  W.  Schle- 
gel 2  ring  truer :  "  Posterity  will  always  remember  Luise 
because  she  presented  Dorothea  for  baptism." 

Both  in  content  and  form  Luise  exerted  an  influence 
on  Goethe  which  he  himself  did  not  hesitate  to  acknowl- 
edge. On  February  28,  1798,  he  wrote  to  Schiller :  "  I 
still  remember  very  well  the  genuine  enthusiasm  with 
which  I  greeted  the  pastor  of  Grunau,3  when  he  first 
appeared  in  the  Merkur.*  How  many  times  I  read  the 
poem  aloud,  so  that  I  still  know  a  large  part  of  it  by 
heart;  it  was  well  for  me,  too,  that  I  did  so,  for  this 
pleasure  of  mine  became  productive ;  it  lured  me  into 
writing  something  in  the  same  style ;  it  called  Hermann 
und  Dorothea  into  being,  and  who  knows  what  else  may 
follow?" 

Bottiger5  quotes  Goethe  as  saying,  "This  is  Yoss's 
service,  without  whose  Luise  this  poem  could  not  have 
come  into  existence."  To  Voss  himself  Goethe  wrote  on 
December  6, 1796  :  "  I  shall  not  conceal  how  much  I  owe 
our  Wolf 6  and  you  in  this  work.  You  have  shown  me 
the  way,  and  he  has  given  me  the  courage  to  travel  it." 
Much  the  same  tribute  is  paid  these  two  men  in  the 


1  See  (Sinleitung  (Introduction),  page  xix,  lines  11-12. 

2  See  Appendix  B,  page  212,  note  2. 
8  The  father  of  Luise ;  see  page  229. 

4  A  critical  literary  journal  published  by  Wielaud. 

5  See  Appendix  B,  b,  page  213,  note  3. 

6  See  note  to  Elegie,  line  27,  page  148. 


APPENDIX   C  229 


Elegy  (see  text,  page  4,  lines  27-30,  35-36).  It  is  a 
mistake,  however,  to  take  Goethe's  words  too  seriously, 
to  draw  minute  comparisons  of  words,  epithets,  and  con- 
structions in  the  two  poems,  as  some  critics  have  done, 
and  to  say  that  Goethe  has  servilely  copied  Voss's  style 
and  diction  and  has  even  embodied  whole  phrases  in  his 
poem.  Such  a  method  was  wholly  foreign  to  his  nature ; 
he  never  even  duplicated  one  of  his  own  works.  These 
likenesses  may  be  accounted  for  rather  in  the  Homeric 
origin  of  the  two  poems,  the  exigencies  of  the  language, 
and  the  similarity  of  the  style. 

In  his  Luise  Voss  pictures  for  us  in  three  idyls  the 
household  of  a  North  German  country  minister,  the 
pastor  of  Griinau.  The  seventeenth  birthday  of  the 
daughter  Luise  is  celebrated  in  the  neighboring  woods, 
close  to  a  lake,  in  simple,  rural  fashion.  Later  her 
fiance  pays  her  a  visit ;  and  finally,  when  the  girl 
appears  before  her  father  in  her  wedding  gown  on  the 
evening  before  the  day  set  for  her  marriage  (ber  Bolter* 
abenb),  the  latter  determines  to  marry  them  at  once  and 
not  to  wait  for  the  appointed  day.  The  venerable  pas- 
tor, the  busy  mother,  the  worthy  bridegroom,  the  happy 
bride,  and  even  the  sturdy  servants  are  pictured  not 
without  a  certain  grace  and  charm  of  manner.  Voss, 
however,  nowhere  rises  above  the  provincial  neighbor- 
hood and  the  trivialities  of  everyday  life  in  the  small 
parsonage.  Goethe  pictures  for  us  universal  types  of 
human  existence  that  are  living  beings  acting  with  a 
world  background.  Voss  depicts  with  the  minutest 
detail  a  small  corner  of  the  world,  wholly  cut  off  from 
the  universe  outside,  and  his  characters  fail  to  come  to 


230  APPENDIX   C 


life  and  seem  real.  His  greatest  service  is,  after  all, 
that  he  led  Goethe  to  see  the  epic  possibilities  of  every- 
day life  and  gave  him  the  inspiration  for  his  greater 
classic. 

(e)  Other  Influences. 


Oliver  Goldsmith's  (1728-1774)  Vicar  of  Wakejield 
(1766)  was  the  first  modern  work  to  picture  the  idyllic 
charm  of  simple  country  life.  Goethe  learned  to  know 
this  story  in  his  Strassburg  days,1  when  Herder  showed 
him  its  beauty.  At  this  time  he  said,  "  A  Protestant 
country  pastor  is,  perhaps,  the  finest  subject  for  a 
modern  idyl."2 

It  was  not  through  the  Vicar  of  Wakefield  alone,  how- 
ever, that  Goethe  became  convinced  of  this  fact.  There 
was  also  the  attractive  country  parsonage  of  Pastor 
Brion3  at  Sesenheim,  and  the  pastor's  charming  daugh- 
ter Friederike.  These  virtually  brought  the  Vicar  of 
Wakefield  and  his  household  to  life  for  the  impulsive 
and  vivacious  young  student,  who  made  many  a  trip  from 
Strassburg  to  visit  these  good  people.  The  days  he 
spent  here  he  counted  among  the  happiest  of  his  life, 
and  the  grace  and  attraction  of  Dorothea  may  often  be 
likened  to  Friederike's  charm.  This  Sesenheim  episode 
must  surely  be  reckoned  as  a  fruitful  source  of  Goethe's 
masterful  epic. 

That  Klopstock's  Messias,  which  was  for  its  time  the 


1  See  einleititng  (Introduction),  page  xv,  line  12  ff. 

2  Dichtung  und  Wahrheit,  Part  II,  Book  X. 

8  See  Sinleitung  (Introduction),  page  xvi,  line  27  ff. 


APPENDIX   C  231 


first  German  epic  and  the  first  real  creation  of  modern 
German  literature,  was  the  favorite  poem  of  Goethe's 
boyhood  must  also  be  considered.  The  sonority  of  these 
first  real  German  hexameters  appealed  strongly  to  the 
boy's  declamatory  ardor,  and  he  never  seemed  to  weary 
of  repeating  them.1 


1  See  Appendix  E,/,  (1),  pages  253-254. 


APPENDIX   D. 

D. 


Background. 
$er  ^intergrwtb. 

(a)  Historical  Setting. 


Boyesen  l  says  of  Hermann  und  Dorothea  :  "  What  es- 
pecially dignifies  this  simple  story  and  gives  it  an  epic 
grandeur  and  movement  is  its  connection  with  the  great 
event  of  the  eighteenth  century,  the  French  Revolution. 
The  storm  still  lingers  far  in  the  background  ;  we  hear 
its  sullen  mutterings,  and  see  now  and  then  a  flash  of 
lurid  lightning.  We  see  the  breathless,  flying  groups 
which  precede  the  progress  of  the  devastation,  and  we 
feel  the  dread  power  that  is  hurrying  them  onward. 
The  revolution,  although  nowhere  actually  introduced, 
except  as  a  theme  of  conversation,  is  still  a  distinctly 
felt  presence  throughout  the  domestic  drama." 

At  its  beginning  the  French  Revolution  (1789-1799) 
had  appealed  to  many  idealists,  even  in  Germany,  as  the 
dawn  of  a  new  era  of  liberty  and  fraternity  for  all  (com- 
pare Canto  VI,  lines  3-39),  but  its  forces  soon  clashed 
with  the  established  governments  of  Europe.  In  1792 

1  Boyesen,  Hjalmar  H.  :  Goethe  and  Schiller. 
232 


APPENDIX  D  233 


the  revolutionists  met  the  opposition  of  Prussia  and 
Austria  by  an  advance  into  the  Palatinate,1  and  by  the 
capture  of  the  important  cities  on  the  west  bank  of  the 
Rhine.  Although  the  German  inhabitants  of  this  region 
were  not  hostile  to  the  spirit  of  the  revolution,  they  be- 
came thoroughly  disgusted  and  enraged  when  the  con- 
querors proved  to  be  vulgar  and  selfish  plunderers  (com- 
pare Canto  VI,  lines  40-51).  When,  in  1793,  luck  turned 
in  favor  of  the  Prussians,  and  the  country  west  of  the 
Rhine  was  regained,  these  same  peasants  took  savage  re- 
venge on  their  oppressors  (compare  Canto  VI,  lines  52- 
79).  Early  in  1794  the  French  were  again  on  the  offen- 
sive, and  successfully.  Besides  many  other  victories, 
the  eastern  frontier  was  moved  to  the  Rhine. 

In  the  summer  of  1796  two  great  French  armies  moved 
on  the  Rhine,  crossing  it  at  Strassburg  on  June  23. 
Later  Frankfort  and  Mainz  were  invested  and  Bavaria 
was  invaded.  Devastation  and  outrage  marked  the  ad- 
vance of  both  armies.  Checked  finally  late  in  August 
and  in  September  by  the  Austrian  Archduke,  they  were 
forced  to  evacuate  Frankfort  and  Mainz  and  to  withdraw 
beyond  the  Rhine.  Now  the  peasants  everywhere  again 
arose  to  avenge  the  indignities  which  they  had  suffered. 

How  close  this  upheaval  was  to  Goethe  and  how  real 
its  presence,  we  may  learn  from  his  letters  of  July  and 
August,  1796.  In  one  he  says  :  "  The  French  tempest  is 
still  raging  on  the  other  side  of  the  Thuringian  forest. 
In  the  future  let  us  revere  these  mountains,  which  usu- 
ally send  us  cold  winds,  as  a  deity,  if  this  time  they 
serve  as  a  stormbreak." 

1  A  state  on  the  west  bank  of  the  Rhine,  north  of  Alsace. 


234  APPENDIX  D 


From  the  Rhine  and  the  Main  rivers  every  one  was 
fleeing.  Goethe's  native  city  of  Frankfort  was  bom- 
barded ;  his  Grandfather  Textor's  residence  was  de- 
stroyed ;  and  his  mother  was  compelled  to  take  refuge 
temporarily  in  Offenbach,  a  small  town  near  Frankfort. 
These  facts  and  the  many  reports  of  outrages  and  de- 
struction brought  the  scene  very  vividly  before  Goethe. 
Under  these  circumstances  he  began  the  composition  of 
his  epic  which  was  to  echo  the  distant  rumble  of  this 
storm. 

(6)  Time  and  Place  of  Action. 
Die  3>ett  unb  bcr  (Drt  bcr  Ranblting. 

In  a  letter  to  his  artist  friend,  Heinrich  Meyer  (1760- 
1832),  on  December  5,  1796,  Goethe  said  that  the  time  of 
the  action  of  his  epic  was  about  the  preceding  August. 
Many  of  the  incidents,  however,  are  taken  from  the  earlier 
days  of  the  revolution  as  well  as  from  some  of  his  own 
experiences  in  the  campaigns  of  1792-1793.1  The  im- 
mediate time  is  a  Sunday  afternoon  in  late  summer  (see 
Canto  II,  line  113)  ;  the  entire  action  takes  place  within 
ten  hours. 

Goethe  was  frequently  asked  to  tell  what  particular 
German  city  he  had  chosen  for  the  scene  of  Hermann 
und  Dorothea.  His  answer  was  :  "  People  want  to  know 
which  city  on  the  Rhine  is  intended  in  my  Hermann  und 
Dorothea.  As  if  i,t  would  not  be  better  to  imagine  any 
one  they  please.  People  want  truth,  they  want  reality, 
and  through  these  they  destroy  poetry." 2 


1  See  Appendix  C,  b,  pages  223-225. 

8  Gesprache  mit  Eckermann,  December  27,  1826. 


APPENDIX  D  235 


Commentators  have  long  been  content  to  accept 
Goethe's  words  literally  and  to  think  of  any  small 
city  in  southern  Germany  in  one  of  the  side  valleys 
on  the  right  bank  of  the  Rhine  as  the  scene  of  the  story. 
In  the  case  of  the  plot,  however,  the  main  theme  and 
nearly  every  minor  incident  may  be  traced  to  a  definite 
source,  either  in  Goethe's  reading  or  in  his  life.  It  would 
seem  logical,  therefore,  to  believe  that  some  definite 
place  had  furnished  the  main  details  of  the  location, 
even  though  minor  suggestions  were  taken  from  different 
locations,  for  the  scene  is  too  definitely  pictured  to  be 
entirely  imaginary. 

Professor  Thomas  (in  his  edition,  New  York,  1915) 
calls  attention  to  a  monograph  of  C.  J.  Kullmer  of  Syra- 
cuse University  entitled  Possneck  und  Hermann  und 
Dorothea  (Heidelberg,  1910),  in  which  it  seems  to  be  irre- 
futably proved  that  Possneck  is  the  original  Stadtclien. 
Goethe  visited  here  in  the  summer  of  1795  and  found  a 
Wirt  and  Wirtin  of  a  Golden  Lion  Inn  who  had  lost 
heavily  by  fire  in  their  early  married  life.  Their  grown 
son,  too,  did  not  measure  up  to  the  father's  expectations 
in  business  ability.  Besides  an  Angel  Pharmacy  and 
the  fine  green-stuccoed  house  of  a  wealthy  merchant 
(who  also  had  three  daughters,  one  of  whom  was  even 
called  Minchen),  there  was  a  fine  new  turnpike  road,  a 
whitewashed  tower,  and  a  hillside  vineyard  approached 
through  a  private  postern  gate  and  containing  a  famous 
old  pear  tree. 

Possneck,  which  is  54  miles  southwest  of  Weimar  and 
now  has  a  population  of  13,000,  also  has  a  number  of 
factories  for  the  manufacture  of  woolen  and  leather 


236  APPENDIX  D 


goods,  dyes,  porcelain,  and  musical  instruments,  a  fact 
which  substantiates  the  statement  in  Canto  I,  line  58, 


Sftcmdjer  ^abrtfen  befUf;  man  fid)  ba  unb  mandjes 

An  inn  of  the  Golden  Lion  (where  Goethe  spent  his 
last  birthday)  is  also  to  be  found  in  the  beautiful  little 
mountain  village  of  Ihnenau  in  the  Thuringian  forest 
where  Goethe  often  went  to  rest  or  to  look  after  Duke 
Karl  August's  mines.  When  he  went  there  in  October 
1796,  while  he  was  writing  Hermann  und  Dorothea, 
Schiller  wrote  him,  "  At  least  you  can  find  the  little  vil- 
lage of  your  Hermann  there,  and  an  apothecary  or  a 
green  house  with  stucco  work  is  probably  there  too." 

The  relation  of  minor  details  of  scene  to  Goethe's  life 
and  experiences  is  pointed  out  in  the  notes. 


APPENDIX   E. 


The  Text. 
$er  Xcjt. 

(a)  Composition. 
"Das  Dtctyten. 

Although  the  theme  of  Hermann  und  Dorothea  sim- 
mered in  Goethe's  mind  for  several  years,  the  actual  com- 
position was  carried  on  with  greater  dispatch  than  the 
poet  usually  displayed.  Many  of  his  works  were  years 
in  the  making,  the  most  notable  of  all  being  Faust,1  on 
which  he  worked  more  or  less  for  sixty  years.  Work  on 
Hermann  und  Dorothea  progressed  with  remarkable  ease 
and  rapidity  from  September  9,  1796,  to  June  8,  1797. 
There  was  only  a  month  or  two  during  this  time  when 
the  creative  Muse  seemed  to  fail  the  poet  and  little  work 
was  done.  During  the  remaining  months  Goethe  worked 
with  almost  feverish  haste.  Hchiller  records  that  for  nine 
days  in  succession  Goethe  wrote  over  one  hundred  and 
tifty  hexameters  a  day.2  As  a  result  of  this  rapid  pro- 

1  See  Sinlcttuitfl  (Introduction),  page  xx,  line  32;  page  xxiv,  lines 
9-19;  page  xxix,  lines  17-18. 

2  This  would  make  a  total  of  about  1450  lines.     What  Goethe  wrote 
was  the  first  six  cantos  now  containing  about  1400  lines. 

237 


238  APPENDIX  E 


duction  we  have  a  well-rounded,  unified  whole,  not  a  com- 
posite picture  showing  different  periods  and  phases  of 
Goethe's  life,  as  many  of  his  works  do  whose  composi- 
tion extended  over  many  years. 

In  the  summer  of  1796  Goethe  finished  Wilhelm  Meis- 
ter,1  a  novel  on  which  he  had  been  engaged  at  intervals 
for  twenty-one  years.  He  was  associated  with  Schiller 
in  the  publication  of  the  Mtisenalmanach z  and  was  trans- 
lating the  autobiography  of  Benvenuto  Cellini 3  for 
Schiller's  Horen*  This  latter  work  was  interrupted  for 
a  few  days  by  the  composition  of  the  idyl  Alexis  und 
Dora.5  AVhen  these  works  were  nearing  completion  new 
plans  arose,  or  rather  old  ideas  presented  themselves  for 
execution,  for  Bottiger,6  who  was  intimate  with  Goethe 
during  the  composition,  tells  us  that  the  material  for  the 
poem  was  discovered  in  1794.  Goethe  himself  says : 
"  Scarcely  had  I  freed  myself  (from  Wilhelm  Meisters 


1  See  ©inleitung  (Introduction),  page  xxi,  line  1;  page  xxiii,  lines 
31-32. 

2  An  annual  publication  appearing  from  1796-1800,  in  which  many  of 
Goethe's  and  Schiller's  best  poems  were  printed,  as  well  as  the  famous 
Xenia  (see  Smlettung  (Introduction),  page  xxiii,  lines  28-30,  and  Notes, 
page  145,  The  Elegy). 

8  The  most  eminent  goldsmith  and  one  of  the  most  important  sculp- 
tors of  the  Italian  Renaissance  (1500-1">71).  His  autobiography  is  a 
literary  masterpiece,  an  invaluable  narrative  of  his  own  brilliant 
career,  and  a  vivid  picture  of  the  Renaissance. 

4  A  high-class  literary  magazine  published  from  1794  to  1797.  The 
most  eminent  literary  men  of  Germany  contributed  to  it  (see  Stnlettung 
(Introduction),  page  xxiii,  line 27,  and  Notes,  page  146,  On  December  7). 
It  was  the  factor  that  led  to  the  great  friendship  between  Schiller  and 
Goethe  (see  ©nleitung  (Introduction),  page  xxiii,  lines  21-26). 

6  See  Appendix  B,  c,  page  214,  not*  4. 

6  See  Appendix  B,  b,  page  213,  note  3. 


APPENDIX  E  239 


Lehrjahre) 1  by  its  gradual  publication,  before  I  assumed 
a  new  burden,  which,  however,  was  easier  to  bear,  or 
rather  was  no  burden,  because  it  gave  opportunity  to  ex- 
press certain  views,  feelings,  and  ideas  of  the  time.  The 
plan  of  Hermann  und  Dorothea  was  conceived  and  de- 
veloped simultaneously  with  the  events  of  the  day. 
The  execution  was  begun  during  September  and  com- 
pleted so  that  [the  first  cantos]  could  be  read  to  friends. 
With  facility  and  pleasure  the  poem  was  written,  and  it 
reflected  these  feelings.  The  subject  and  its  execution 
so  possessed  me  that  I  could  never  read  the  poem  aloud 
without  intense  feeling,  and  this  effect  has  endured  even 
after  so  many  years." 2 

In  a  letter  to  Schiller  about  July  7,  1796,  Goethe  first 
mentioned  the  poem.  "  I  shall  in  the  future,  in  so  far 
as  one  is  master  of  one's  self  in  such  matters,  keep  to 
smaller  works,  choosing  only  the  simplest  themes,  in 
order  to  accomplish,  at  least  in  form,  all  that  my  powers 
are  capable  of.  ...  I  have  a  domestic  idyl  in  mind,  be- 
cause I  must  also  do  something  of  that  kind." 3 

On  August  18,  1796,  Goethe  went  from  Weimar  to 
Jena,4  where  he  lived  in  an  old  castle  of  the  dukes  of 
Saxe-Weimar.  From  this  time  on  his  diary  (Tagebucher) 
gives  a  rather  complete  account  of  the  composition  of  the 
poem.3  It  is  not  often  that  the  progress  of  a  work  can 

1  See  Einleitung,  page  xxi,  line  1 ;  page  xxiii,  lines  31-32. 

2  Tag-  und  Jahreshefte  for  1796    (probably   written    in    1823   or 
1824). 

8  The  extracts  from  the  Tagebucher  and  Brief  e  are  quoted  from 
Graef,  H.  G.,  Goethe  iiber  seine  Dichtungen,  Volume  I,  pages  79-199. 

4  Jena  is  ten  miles  southeast  of  Weimar.  Schiller  was  a  professor  in 
the  university  there. 


240  APPENDIX  E 


be  followed  as  carefully  and  in  such  detail  as  can  this. 
Only  a  few  extracts  follow  : 

September    9,  3ena.    Ifteuer  2lutrieb  ^ur  grofeen  3bt)Ue. 

September  11,  3ena.    Slnfang  bie  3bt)Ue  511  uerftficireu. 

September  12,  3ena.    grill) l  3bi)Ue. 

(September  13,  3ena.    griib,  3bt)tte.    SBarb  fertig  ber  $roeite  ©eicutg. 

September  14,  3ena.    grill)  3bt)tfe. 

September  15,  3ena.    grill)  3bt)Ue. 

September  16,  3ena.    grill)  3bi)Ee.    SSarb  fertig  ber  Dierte  ©efang 

(5-6).* 

September  17,  3ena.    £\veite  §alfte  be«  britten  ©efan^g  (4). 
September  18,  3ena.    Srfte  §a(fte  be3  britten  ©efaitg^  (3).     3)er 

jroeite,  britte,  unb  toierte  ©ejang  (2-6)  ju= 

fammengefjangt. 

September  19,  3ena.    Gvfte  §atfte  be«  erften  ©efangeS. 
September  28,  3ena.    3)a8  epifcfje  (Sebic^t  tuieber  uorgenommeit. 

On  October  5,  1796,  Goethe  returned  to  Weimar,  but 
now  for  a  few  months  the  poetic  Muse  seemed  to  fail 
him,  so  he  spent  his  time  revising  and  copying  what  he 
had  finished.  On  December  28,  with  Duke  Karl  August, 
he  departed  for  Leipzig  and  Dessau,  returning  to  Weimar 
on  January  10,  1797.  During  this  time  he  outlined  the 
conclusion  of  the  poem.  On  February  20,  he  went  again 


1  Goethe's  mode  of  life  was  extremely  simple ;   his  daily  program 
was  as  follows:    He  arose  at  seven  o'clock  and  worked  until  eleven 
without  interruption,     (tjriif)  refers  to  this  portion  of  the  day.)     After 
taking  a  cup  of   chocolate  lie  resumed  work  until  one  o'clock.     At 
two  he  dined.     He  often  went  to  the  theater  or  to  visit  friends  in  the 
evening.     Between  eight  and  nine  he  had  a  frugal  supper  and  retired 
at  ten. 

2  Goethe  first  planned  the  epic  with  six  cantos.    The  figures  in  pa- 
rentheses  from  here  on  give  the  corresponding  numbers  of  the  cantos 
as  finally  divided  into  nine. 


APPENDIX  E 


241 


to  Jena  and  worked   rapidly  from  this   time  on,  as  the 
diary  shows. 


2)iiir$    1,  Sena. 
2,  Sena. 


3,  Sena. 

4,  Sena. 

5,  Sena, 
9)Mrj    9,  Sena, 
STZarj  10,  Sena. 
3Jiar.5  11,  Sena. 

SDtarj  12,  Sena, 
13,  Sena, 
15,  Sena. 

2Jta'r:3  16,  Sena. 

19,  Sena, 

20,  Sena, 


ftriil)  ben  tnerten  @efang  in  Orbnung  gebradjt  unb 

jum  S3lbfd)reiben  gegeben. 
2lu«  ber  SRitte  be«  jechften  (8-9)  @efong«.    2tn  ben 

t>or()ergel)enben  corvigtvt. 
2>er  Slnfang  be«  jedjften  ®efang«  (8). 
gritb,  am  fed)ften  (8-9)  ©efang. 
gru^  am  fedjften  (8-9)  ©efang. 
grub,  am  ©ebicfyte  corrigirt. 
5VU^)  am  ©ebtd)te  corrigirt  unb  abgefcljrieben. 
®en  ganjen  Sag  311  §anfe,  oiet  am  ®ebid)te  ar= 

rangirt  unb  corrigirt. 
griil)  ju  §anfe,  ant  ©ebid^te  corrigirt. 
^riib,  am  ©cbid)t  bent  Snbe  gngerucft. 
§nth,  ba«  @ebid)t  geenbigt.1 
5r"^  am  «rftfn  ©efang  corrigirt. 
grub,  am  ®ebid)t  corrigirt. 
(^nil))  am  ©ebidjt  corrigirt,  befonberS  am  fed)(ten 

(8-9)  ©efange. 

ben  @djlu§  be«  te^ten  ©efangS.1    Knfang  gur 

?lbfd)rift  ber  brei  tefeten  ©efange  (4-6=5-9). 
corrigirt. 


2)Mrj  21,  Sena, 
2Rarj  22,  Sena, 


On  March  31,  Goethe  returned  to  Weimar,  but  was  un- 
able to  accomplish  much.  He  went  back  to  Jena  on  May 
19.  On  June  3,  he  wrote  to  Schiller  :  "  Enclosed  is 
'  Urania,'  May  the  Nine  who  have  stood  by  us  thus  far 
soon  aid  us  to  the  completion  of  the  epic."  A  few  days 
were  all  that  was  necessary  for  the  fulfillment  of  this 
wish,  as  the  diary  shows  : 


1  These  endings  are  the  first  drafts.     Much  revising,  polishing,  and 
correcting  was  still  to  be  done. 


242  APPENDIX  E 


3uni  1,  3ena.    ©c&lufe  bes  epifcfjen  @ebid)te«. 

3um  8,  3ena.    ^riit)  ©enbung  an  3Meroeg  gefcfcloffen. 


(t>)  Publication. 
Die  fjcrausgabc. 

The  history  of  the  publication  of  Hermann  und  Doro- 
thea may  be  traced  from  the  diary  and  letters  almost  as 
readily  as  the  story  of  the  composition. 

Speaking  of  Schiller's  aesthetic  magazine  Die  Horen,1 
Goethe  wrote  to  him  on  October  26,  1796  :  "  I  have  also 
been  thinking  whether  we  should  not  publish  the  first 
three  cantos  (1-4)  of  my  epic  poem  in  the  first  number 
(for  the  year  1797)  and  wait  until  the  lovely  springtime 
inspires  the  rest.  It  is  a  risk,  however,  to  publish  the 
beginning,  especially  of  so  small  a  composition,  which 
may  be  easily  overlooked.  Then,  too,  one  must  give  a 
thought  to  that  troublesome  Mammon,  for,  since  the 
completed  work  will  be  as  long  as  Toss's  Lnise*  it  would 
make  at  least  half  a  volume  of  my  works.  Then  I  should 
at  least  have  the  pleasure  of  seeing  it  printed  at  one 
time  ;  I  do  not  really  know,  therefore,  what  to  do  or  to 
leave  undone." 

In  the  Tagebucher  for  January  14,  1797,  we  find  : 
33otttger3  toegen  be3  eptfd)en  ©ebtdjtS.  Bottigerhad  been 
corresponding  with  the  publisher  Vieweg  in  Berlin  since 
November,  1796,  about  a  Taschenbuch  (a  small  giftbook 
and  almanac  published  annually  and  usually  illustrated). 


1  See  Appendix  E,  a,  page  238,  note  4. 

2  This  poem  had  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty  lines  in  the  complete 
edition  of  1795.     See  Appendix  C,  d,  page  227  ff. 

8  See  Appendix  B,  6,  page  213  and  note  3. 


APPENDIX  E  243 


Vieweg  desired  that  a  work  of  Goethe's  should  comprise 
the  literary  section  of  the  book.  Through  Bottiger's 
good  offices  he  procured  Hermann  und  Dorothea  for  the 
Taschenbnch  of  1798. 

On  January  16,  1797,  Goethe  sent  to  Bottiger  a  sealed 
envelope  containing  the  following  note  :  "  For  the  epic 
poem  Hermann  und  Dorothea  I  demand  a  thousand  talers 
in  gold"  (about  $750,  a  very  liberal  remuneration  in 
those  days). 

Yieweg's  offer  coincided  with  Goethe's  demand  and  he 
received  the  manuscript  for  exclusive  publication  in  1798 
and  the  two  following  years.  Goethe  also  gave  his  con- 
sent for  a  cheaper  edition. 

On  April  17, 1797,  the  first  four  cantos  were  dispatched 
to  the  publisher.  On  May  14,  Vieweg  sent  some  money 
to  Goethe,  and  on  May  22,  Goethe  sent  Cantos  5-8.  The 
sending  of  the  last  installment  is  noted  in  the  diary  of 
June  8  —  griit)  (genbung  an  2Metr>eg  gefcfyloffett. 

To  illustrate  this  first  edition  Goethe  was  very  anxious 
to  have  pictures  of  the  Muses  corresponding  to  the  titles 
of  the  cantos,  but  the  artist  was  too  busy  to  complete 
them.  Goethe  was  content,  therefore,  with  an  engrav- 
ing by  Chodowiecki  representing  the  Prussian  royal 
family,  a  colored  fashion  plate,  and  six  engravings 
of  landscapes.  The  book  appeared  under  the  title : 
„ £afd)ettbud)  fitr  1798,  ^ermann  unb  £>orotf)ea 
t>on  $•  28-  &°n  ©oetfye,  ^Berlin  bet)  griebnd)  33tetneg  bem 
tifteren."  There  were  several  editions  in  various  bindings 
and  on  different  kinds  of  paper.  Goethe  sent  some  copies 
bound  in  silk  and  morocco  to  his  most  intimate  friends 
as  gifts. 


244  APPENDIX  E 


From  1798  until  Goethe's  death  some  twenty-five  other 
single  editions,  with  or  without  illustrations,  appeared 
in  1798,  1799  (2),  1803,  1805,  1806,  1807,  1808,  1811, 
1813,  1814  (3),  1815,  1816,  1817,  1820,  1822  (2),  1823, 
1825,  1826  (2),  1829  (3),  1830. 

In  1808,  1817,  and  1830,  Hermann  und  Dorothea  ap- 
peared in  Goethe's  collected  works  published  by  Cotta  in 
Stuttgart  and  Tubingen.  Cotta  also  published  it  sepa- 
rately in  1814,  1817,  and  1829.  It  has  also  appeared  in 
all  later  editions  of  Goethe's  works.  Spurious  and  un- 
authorized reprints,  some  of  which  were  claimed  to  be 
revised,  appeared  in  1799, 1804, 1810,  and  so  on.  Several 
evident  errors,  which  were  never  corrected  by  Goethe, 
have  no  doubt  crept  in  from  these  pirated  editions. 

At  the  present  time  there  are  a  large  number  of  sepa- 
rate editions  of  Hermann  und  Dorothea  edited  for  school 
use.  It  is  also  contained  in  all  complete  editions  of 
Goethe's  works.  The  most  important  and  extensive  of 
these  is  the  Weimar  edition  (Weimar,  1887-)  prepared 
by  a  large  board  of  the  best  authorities  as  editors  at 
the  order  of  Grandduchess  Sophie  of  Sachsen-Weimar. 
This  edition  contains  all  of  Goethe's  literary  and  scien- 
tific writings,  together  with  his  diaries  and  letters. 
There  are  about  one  hundred  twenty-five  volumes. 

Of  the  other  recent  comprehensive  editions  that  by 
Karl  Heinemann  is  perhaps  annotated  with  the  best 
critical  insight.  Others  are  the  Jitbilaeums  Ausgabe 
(Stuttgart,  1907-),  the  Wilhelm  Ernst  Ausgabe  (Leipzig, 
1908-),  the  Propylaeen  Ausgabe  (Munich,  1909-),  the 
Tempel-Klassiker  Ausgabe  (Leipzig,  1909-),  and  the  Nene 
Hempel  Ausgabe  (Berlin,  1910-). 


APPENDIX  E  245 


(c)  Revision. 
Die  Kcptfion. 

In  the  composition  of  Hermann  und  Dorothea  Goethe 
worked  with  extreme  care,  revising,  correcting,  and 
polishing,  so  that  the  finished  product  might  be  as  nearly 
perfect  as  possible.  The  problem  of  adapting  the  classi- 
cal hexameter  verse  successfully  to  the  German  language 
and  making  it  embody  modern  thought  was  one  which 
challenged  the  best  efforts  of  the  poet.  His  diary  shows 
how  much  he  studied  ancient  writers  and  authorities  on 
verse  (^Eschylus,  Aristotle,  and  Homer),  and  how  much 
he  consulted  the  best  poets  and  critics  of  his  own  day 
(Schiller,  Wm.  von  Humboldt,  A.  AY.  Schlegel,  Bottiger, 
and  the  writings  of  Klopstock,  Wolf,  and  Voss). 

On  February  18,  1797,  he  wrote  to  Schiller:  "I  am 
finally  venturing  to  send  you  the  first  three  cantos  (1-4) 
of  the  epic  poem.  Be  kind  enough  to  look  them  through 
carefully  and  let  me  know  your  judgment.  I  also  ask 
this  friendly  service  of  von  Humboldt." 

After  the  first  edition  was  printed  Goethe  did  not  send 
any  more  corrections  to  Vieweg.  On  May  1,  1805,  he 
wrote  to  the  publisher  Cotta  of  Tubingen  in  regard  to  the 
publication  of  a  new  edition  of  his  collected  works  in 
twelve  volumes.  In  this  letter  to  Cotta  Goethe  said 
that  Hermann  und  Dorothea  was  to  be  "  revised  accord- 
ing to  his  later  convictions  in  regard  to  prosody." 

This  new  edition  has  a  number  of  changes  in  spelling 
(one  of  the  most  interesting  is  "  Hermann "  instead  of 
"  Herrmann  "  of  all  the  earlier  editions)  and  some  sixty 
more  or  less  important  changes  in  the  text.  These 


246  APPENDIX  E 


emendations  generally  affect  only  single  points  in  a  line, 
but  they  make  for  greater  smoothness  and  clearness  and 
were  continued  in  all  authorized  editions  published  dur- 
ing Goethe's  lifetime. 

There  is  no  evidence  of  any  further  personal  revision 
by  the  poet  for  the  later  editions  of  1814  and  the  last 
edition  (9lu3gabe  tester  £)cmb)  which  was  undertaken 
shortly  before  his  death  (1827-1830).  The  revision  and 
correction  of  these  was  intrusted  to  others,  for  Goethe's 
interest  was  not  in  minute  philological  details. 

(d)  Kind  of  Poem. 
Die  2lrt  bes  (Sebtctyts. 

In  a  letter  to  his  artist  friend,  Heinrich  Meyer,  on 
December  5,  1796,  Goethe  stated  his  aim  in  composing 
Hermann  und  Dorothea  as  follows  :  "  I  have  endeavored 
to  separate  in  the  epic  crucible  the  purely  human  existence 
of  a  small  German  city  from  its  dross,  and  at  the  same 
time  to  reflect  from  a  small  mirror  the  great  movements 
and  changes  of  the  world-theater."  To  Goethe  the  poem 
was  unquestionably  an  epic,  although  in  his  diary  he 
often  refers  to  it  as  ,,bie  grope  ^bljtle." 

Boyesen1  says,  "Hermann  und  Dorothea  is  the  nearest 
approach  to  an  epic  that  modern  German  literature  has 
to  show.  The  narrative  is  everywhere  characterized  by 
a  plastic  simplicity  and  an  epic  calmness  which  suggests 
Homer.  ...  It  is  by  no  mere  trickery  of  words  that 
Goethe  has  succeeded  in  giving  to  his  work  this  rare 
Greek  flavor;  ...  it  is  in  the  structural  simplicity  of 


1  Boyesen,  Hjalmar  H. :  Goethe  and  Schiller. 


APPENDIX  E  247 


the  poem,  in  its  broad  rhythmic  movement  and  its  noble 
directness  and  purity  of  phrase  that  the  subtlest  Greek 
feeling  of  the  poet  especially  manifests  itself.  .  .  .  The 
thought  is  as  genuinely  simple  as  the  style,  rising  no- 
where above  the  mental  horizon  of  the  rural  community 
within  which  the  action  is  placed." 

Duntzer 1  says :  "  An  idyl  is  a  poetic  delineation  of  a 
comfortable,  happy  condition.  It  does  not  relate  the  de- 
velopment of  an  action,  but  sketches  a  picture  with 
graphic  stroke.  .  .  .  Hermann  und  Dorothea  has  not  the 
slightest  trace  of  the  idyl ;  for  here  we  find  not  descrip- 
tion, but  narration,  no  condition,  but  an  action,  and  that 
not  a  circumscribed  one,  but  rather  one  that  is  developed 
with  a  definite  world-background." 

If  we  examine  the  poem  carefully,  however,  we  find 
many  idyllic  pictures  in  addition  to  this  quietly  moving 
epic  action  and  the  echo  of  the  world-stirring  revolution 
in  the  background.  The  exiles  with  their  patriarchal 
judge  are,  so  far  as  we  see  them  in  our  story,  idyllic 
figures  that  remind  us  of  the  primitive  nomads  of  the 
days  when  the  world  was  young.  The  simple,  na'ive  life 
of  the  small  town,  the  nearness  of  the  characters  to 
nature,  which  reflects  their  very  moods,  the  simple  love 
and  betrothal  are  all  pictures  of  idyllic  type.  So  with 
Jean  Paul 2  we  may  well  conclude  that  the  poem  is  "  an 
epic  idyl."  The  road  which  connects  the  simple,  se- 
cluded village  with  the  main-traveled  highway  that 


1  Diintzer,  H. :  Erlauterunyen  zu  den  deutschen  Klassikern :  Her- 
mann und  Dorothea. 

2  Jean  Paul  Friedrich  Ricliter  (1763-1825),  the  most  widely  known 
of  German  humorists.    He  was  in  Weimar  in  1796-1797. 


248  APPENDIX  E 


leads  to  the  great  world  outside  is  symbolic  of  this  union 
of  the  idyllic  with  the  epic. 

(e)  Diction. 
Die  Spractye. 

Simplicity  and  epic  calm  characterize  the  language  of 
Hermann  und  Dorothea.  In  many  places  where  com- 
pound words  are  now  more  generally  used  Goethe  has 
simple  ones,  with  the  meaning  that  the  compounds  now 
have  (compare  Canto  I,  line  172,  benfenb  for  nacfybenfenb  ; 
II,  173,  ®abe  for  TOgabe;  V,  160,  batten  for  anftalten; 
IX,  171,  fatten  for  auffyalten,  etc.).  The  frequent  use  of 
archaic  words  enhances  this  simplicity,  and  gives  a 
quaint  flavor  (compare  fnnfjig  for  funfjtg  in  Canto  I, 
line  2  ;  t»tere  for  trier  in  line  18;  etc.).  Sometimes  these 
archaic  forms  are  made  necessary  by  the  meter,  as  in 
the  case  of  triere,  and  the  use  of  £htnen  for  the  more 
usual  Seintoanb  in  line  14.  In  many  cases  words  are 
either  shortened  or  lengthened  to  fit  the  meter  (compare 
Canto  I,  line  39,  gefefjn  for  gefefyen;  line  48,  roefjet  for 
tt>ef)t;  line  65,  (gfypaar  for  (gfjepaar,  etc.). 

Although  the  vocabulary  itself  is  limited  and  simple, 
there  is  a  certain  epic  profusion  of  words  and  a  repeti- 
tion such  as  we  find  in  Homer  and  Virgil.  The  epic 
style  demands  retardation  of  movement.  One  way  of 
accomplishing  this  is  by  repetition  of  words  and  phrases 
(a  figure  called  anaphora],  or  by  repetition  of  thought 
with  change  of  phrase,  as, 


£)a  liberties  fid)  bent  Srfjmerse  ber  gute  ^ungltng  unb 
fteinte, 


APPENDIX  E  249 


Seinte   taut  an  ber  S3rttft  ber  Gutter,  imb  fprarf)  fo 
erroeidjet.  — 

Unb  (  i  e  $  ba$  ^ftofter  3  it  r  it  d  e  , 
8tefj  juritcf  bie  2ftauern  ber  @tabt  nnb  bte  retntidjen 
Jitrme.  — 

Unb  e£  pra^ten  bei  nn3  bie  Obern  unb  raubten 
tm 


Unb  e  3  raubten  unb  pra^ten  bis  311  bem  ^(etnften 
bie  Itleinen.  — 

In  describing  the  dress  of  Dorothea  a  whole  passage  is 
repeated  word  for  word  (Canto  V,  lines  169-176,  and 
Canto  VI,  lines  136-144).  A  striking  use  of  anaphora  is 
the  repetition  of  the  verb  faf)  five  times  in  four  succes- 
sive verses  (Canto  VI,  lines  96-99  ;  compare  also  nte- 
manb  in  VI,  200-203;  I,  196-197;  etc.). 

Phrases  are  sometimes  so  often  repeated  as  almost  to 
become  monotonous.  In  Canto  II  four  consecutive 
speeches  are  introduced  by  ,,£)a  tterfefcte,"  while  ,,£)railf 
Derfefcte,"  frfagte,"  or  ,,erttriberte"  have  already  occurred 
five  times  in  the  same  canto.  ,f£)a  derfe^te"  also  intro- 
duces three  consecutive  speeches  in  Canto  V. 

A  common  Homeric  usage  is  the  apostrophe  to  the 
Muses  (see  Canto  IX,  lines  1-5)  and  the  poet's  direct 
address  to  the  speaker  when  the  latter  is  beginning  a 
speech.  Goethe  has  made  sparing  use  of  this  latter 
method  ;  only  three  examples  occur  : 

5lber   bn   ^aitberteft  nod),   t»  or  fid)  tiger  ^l  ad)  bar,  unb 
fagteft:  — 


250  APPENDIX  E 


bit  layette  ft  brauf,  oerftaubiger  ^farrer,  unb 
fagteft:- 

Slber    bit    fagteft    inbefl,    efjrtourbiger    9?id)ter,    ju 


Note  that  in  each  case  the  person  addressed  is  further 
characterized  by  an  appropriate  adjective. 

This  method  of  designating  the  characters  by  certain 
set  adjectives  is  common  throughout  the  poem.  The 
mother  is  called  ,,bie  Huge,  oerftanbtge  £mu3frau,"  ,,bte 
tmtrbige  £)au3frau,"  ,,bie  gute  Gutter/'  ,,bie  fcerftaubtge 
SJhttter,"  or  ,,bie  gute,  uerftaubige  3)hitter."  The  father 
is  ,,ber  treffltdje  ^wusun'rt,"  ,,ber  gute  23ater,"  or  simply 
,,ber  33ater."  The  pastor  appears  as  ,,ber  eb(e,  fcerftcmbtge 
*!J3farrt)err,"  ,,ber  gute,  tierftaubtge  ^farrfyerr,"  or  he  is 
called  ,,treff(ic^,"  ,,gut,"  or  ,,0er[taubtg."  The  apothecary 
is  ,,ber  gefpriic^tge  s^acf)bar";  the  judge  is  ,,ti)itrbtg,"  ,,e^r= 
ttmrbig,"  ,,tt)a(fer,"  or  ,,trefflic^."  Hermann  is  ,,ber  treff* 
H(^e,"  lfber  gute,"  ,,ber  gute,  cerftdnbige  3itn9^n9/'  an(l 
,,ber  ^Wtigttug  ebteu  C^efit^I^,"  and  Dorothea  is  ,,ba£  gute 
Sftabcften,"  ,,bie  treffltc^e,"  ,,bte 
,,ba^  fto^^erjtge  aJJabt^en,"  and  ,, 

Speakers  are  further  characterized  by  adverbs  or  ad- 
verbial phrases  describing  their  words  or  how  they 
spoke,  such  as  ,,bebad)ttg,"  ,,bebeuteub,"  ,,geritl)rt,"  ,,ge* 
fdjaftig,"  Ja^etub/'  ,,lt)Urbig  gefinut,"  ,,mit  9^ad)bru(f," 
,,mtt  ernftli(i)en  SBorten,"  ,,mit  fro^er  ©ebarbe,"  and  ,,mit 
mnttnfidjett,  ftugeu  ©ebau!en." 

Many  phrases  remind  one  vividly  of  Homer,  as  :  ,,Uub 
fit^eS  53er(angeu  ergrtff   fie,"   ,,3luiefPa^    ll)ar  m^r    ^m 
,,jDa  befall  i^m  feiu  ®eift,"  ,,bie  rafdje  Uraft 


APPENDIX  E  251 


ber  tetd)tt)tn3te()enben  ^ferbe,"  ,,Me  ttofylgejimmerten 
<2d)eunen,"  ,,ber  uioljlwnjcwnete  SBeinberg,"  and  ,,bie 
geflitgelten  SBorte."  The  latter  phrase,  however,  is  used 
of  a  rapid  speech,  while  with  Homer  it  is  a  set  phrase. 
Unlike  Homer,  Goethe  makes  scarcely  any  use  of  sim- 
iles, only  one  long  one  occurring  in  the  entire  poem 
(Canto  VII,  lines  1-7). 

The  position  of  words  in  the  sentence  differs  fre- 
quently from  the  normal  prose  order.  A  common  usage 
smacking  of  Homer  is  the  separation  of  the  genitive 
from  the  noun  on  which  it  depends,  as : 

Unb  cmf  bag  Sftauerdjen  f e^ten 
23etbe  fid)  nieber  beg  Quell 3. — 

Unb  eg  Ijb'rte  Me  $rage,  Me  freunblidje,  gem  in  bem 

©fatten 
^ermann  beg  herrlidjen  33aitm3. 

This  latter  example  illustrates  another  common  con- 
struction, the  appositional  adjective  (Me  freunbUcfye) 
standing  after  its  n6un.  Examples  of  this  use  are  very 
numerous. 

£etber  bag  iiberrfietntfcfye  8anb,  bag  f  eft  one,  derlaffenb.— 

Slug  jenem  £>aufe,  bem  griinen. — 

5llg  id)  bie  Sorte  uernafitn,  bte  tierftanbigen.— 

The  frequent  use  of  such  connective  words  as,  ,,llnb 
fo,"  ,,ba/'  ,,benn,"  ,,aber,"  ,,fo  aud^/'  where  no  connective 
is  needed,  and  two  clauses  are  not  at  all  correlative,  is 
also  a  favorite  epic  treatment,  as  is  the  use  of  the  inter- 
jections ,,fiirRiaf)r,"  and  ,,toal)rlicf)." 


252 


Everywhere  the  speech  accords  with  the  characters, 
who  are,  after  all,  idealized  types  rather  above  the  aver- 
age —  "  the  purely  human  element  separated  from  the 
dross  in  the  epic  crucible,"  as  Goethe  himself  puts  it.1 
As  universal  types,  representing  the  best  in  man  and 
freed  from  whatever  is  common,  vulgar,  or  eccentric, 
they  are  frequently  the  mouthpieces  for  Goethe's  philos- 
ophy of  life,  and  their  talk  is  often  "  wiser  "  -  than  that 
of  the  ordinary  common  people.  Still  the  language  is 
simple  and  straightforward,  sometimes  loosely  connected 
and  wordy,  but  never  flowery  and  artificial.  It  shows  a 
nice  union  of  Homeric  style  with  the  natural  idiom  of 
everyday  speech  ;  there  is  no  effort  at  smartness  of 
phrase  or  forced  turns  of  expression  to  gain  effect. 

CO  Meter.3 
35o«  2?er«ma§. 

(1)  History  of  the  Hexameter. 
£>ie  ©efd)id)te  be 


Hexameter4  verse  was  used  by  both  the  Greeks  and 
the  Romans  as  a  favorite  meter  for  the  epic  ;  it  is  the 
measure  of  Homer's  Iliad  and  Odyssey  and  of  Virgil's 
Its  use  in  German  dates  from  the  fourteenth 


1  See  Appendix  E,  d,  page  246.  , 

2  Compare  Elegie,  page  5,  line  41. 

3  Voss,  J.  H. :  Zeitmessung  der  deutschen  Sprache  was  a  standard 
work  in  Goethe's  day.    Minor,  J. :  Neuhochdeutsche  Metrik  gives  a 
recent  discussion  of  the  German  hexameter. 

4  See'  Appendix  E,  /,  (2),  page  256  for  the  structure  of  the  hexa- 
meter. 


APPENDIX  E  253 


century,  when  it  was  employed  for  a  somewhat  doggerel 
verse,  usually  rhymed,  and  with  Latin  words  often  pre- 
dominating. The  earlier  writers  tried  to  reproduce  the 
classical  method  by  emphasizing  length  of  syllable, 
rather  than  accent.  As  in  the  Greek  and  Latin,  they 
treated  syllables  as  long  which  had  a  vowel  followed  by 
two  consonants,  as  well  as  those  which  were  naturally 
long  because  of  a  long  vowel  or  diphthong.  Since  Ger- 
man and  English  depend  on  accent  rather  than  quantity 
for  rhythm,  these  first  attempts  were  artificial  and 
highly  unsatisfactory. 

Martin  Opitz  (1597-1639),  in  his  Such  von  der  deut- 
schen  Poeterey  (1624),  recognized  this  fact  and  estab- 
lished the  principle  that  the  rhythmic  movement  of 
modern  verse  depends  upon  the  regular  recurrence  of 
accented  syllables,  and  not  upon  those  that  are  long  by 
position. 

Unrhymed  hexameters  found  their  champion  a  cen- 
tury later  in  Johann  Christoph  Gottsched  (1700-1766). 
In  his  Versuch  einer  kritischen  Dichtkunst  (1730),  he 
says  :  "  As  in  England  Milton  has  been  able  to  write  an 
entire  heroic  poem  without  rimes,  which  is  now  ap- 
plauded by  the  whole  nation,  it  would  not  be  impossible 
even  in  German  for  a  great  intellect  to  bring  something 
new  into  vogue.  I  am  convinced  that  if  Opitz  had  left 
any  examples  of  this  kind,  he  would  have  been  fre- 
quently followed  without  hesitation." 

The  great  intellect  that  was  capable  of  doing  this  was 
Friedrich  Gottlieb  Klopstock's  (1724-1803).  While  a 
student  in  the  universities  of  Jena  and  Leipzig,  he 
began  his  great  religious  epic  in  hexameters,  the  Messias. 


254  APPENDIX  E 


The  first  three  cantos  were  published  in  1748;  and  it  is 
these  that  the  young  Goethe  read  with  avidity  again  and 
again,  learning  almost  the  entire  book  by  heart.1  The 
complete  volume  was  published  in  1773.  This  work 
heralded  the  beginning  of  a  new  era  for  German  poetry ; 
now  the  hexameter  had  come  into  its  own.  By  imi- 
tating classic  syntax  and  by  creating  new  combinations 
of  words,  Klopstock  drilled  the  German  language  in  the 
classic  measures.  Although  his  verses  are  sometimes 
faulty  and  often  sound  forced,  he  must  be  conceded 
"  the  father  of  modern  German  prosody.'' 

The  poet  Ewald  Christian  von  Kleist  (1715-1759)  was 
more  discreet  in  his  handling  of  the  German  language 
and  tried  harder  to  conform  to  its  phraseology.  His 
work  is  not  so  exalted,  but  more  readable. 

Probably  incited  by  Klopstock's  work,  Johann  Hein- 
rich  Voss2  (1751-1826)  undertook  the  translation  of 
Homer,  and  in  this  he  tried  to  bring  the  German  hex- 
ameter very  close  to  the  classical  models.  He  estab- 
lished very  definite  standards  for  hexameter  verse  and 
attained  great  perfection  in  form.  The  German  lan- 
guage, however,  does  not  conform  readily  to  such  hard 
and  fast  rules,  so  Voss,  who  was  not  a  great  genius,  was 
led  into  pedantry  and  an  almost  vapid  formalism  in  his 
attempt  to  keep  to  the  classic  standard. 

It  needed  the  genius  of  a  Goethe  to  endow  this  classi- 
cal formalism  with  life,  to  put  a  soul  into  it.  During  his 
sojourn  in  Italy  (1786-1788)  the  true  Greek  spirit  took 
possession  of  him,  and  the  knowledge  of  the  cadence  of 

1  See  Dichtung  und  Wahrheit,  Part  I,  Book  II. 

2  See  Appendix  C,  d,  page  227. 


APPENDIX  E  255 


the  elegiac1  verse  as  well  as  of  the  epic  hexameter 
dawned  upon  him.  He  stripped  away  the  academic 
stiffness  and  suited  the  verse  to  the  lips  of  the  people. 
His  poetry  is  free  and  untrammeled ;  as  he  said  of 
another  poet,  he  made  verses  as  "  the  rosebush  bears 
roses."  He  was  conscious  of  no  poetic  rules  and  strove 
to  follow  no  set  model. 

He  no  longer  tried  to  reproduce  by  the  swing  of  his 
verses  every  action  and  sound  (onomatopoeia).  German 
poetry  had  suffered  enough  from  having  the  galloping 
of  horses  represented  exclusively  by  dactyls  (a  measure 
with  a  long  and  two  short  syllables,  _  w  w),  or  the  strik- 
ing of  the  anvil  by  spondees  (a  measure  of  two  equally 
long  syllables, ).  Where  the  older  writers  had  in- 
sisted upon  the  classic  spondee,  which  is  seldom  possible 
in  German,  Goethe  used  the  trochee  (a  long  and  a  short 
syllable,  _  w).  Words  like  Uberfhlf?,  Canto  I,  line 
155,  23ater(anb,  IV,  75,  and  2lpfe(6aum,  VI,  173,  he 
used  as  dactyls  (_  w  w),  where  the  old  school  would 
have  considered  the  last  syllable  long  (_  w  __) ;  in 
sttadjbor,  II,  97,  2»ttgtft,  II,  170,  and  SSeinberg,  VI,  288, 
the  second  syllable  is  treated  as  short ;  single  words 
like  fittb,  I,  40,  gef)t,  I,  108,  ttrir,  IV,  199,  and  meitt, 
IV,  205,  are  often  treated  as  short,  but  bie,  III,  86, 
ber,  IV,  122,  in,  I,  167,  mit,  I,  168,  oon,  II,  23,  and 
jd,  IV,  200,  are  accented,  where  the  meter  requires 
it. 

The  poet  August  von  Platen  (1796-1835),  who  was  a 

1  An  alternation  of  hexameter  with  pentameter  lines,  used  in  the 
Greek  and  Roman  elegies.  Goethe  used  it  in  his  idyllic  poem  Alexis 
und  Dora  (see  Appendix  B,  c,  page  214,  note  4). 


256  APPENDIX  E 


fastidious  artist  in  the  handling  of  the  classical  meters, 
said  of  Hermann  und  Dorothea  : 

§olprid)t  ift  ber  £)eramerer  jtoar;  bocf)  nrirb  ba3  ©ebirfjt 


23Ietben  ber  3tol$  'DeutfdjIanbS,  bteiben  Me  ^er(e  ber 
ftttttft 

While  we  must  often  agree  with  this  first  statement,  in 
general  it  is  just  this  lack  of  mathematical  regularity 
which  gives  the  poem  so  much  of  its  charm. 

(2)  Structure  of  the  Hexameter. 


A  hexameter  verse  consists  of  six  feet,  the  last  of 
which  is  always  a  spondee  (ber  ©pOttbeuS,  --  )  or  a  tro- 
chee (ber  £rocf)au3,  _  w).  The  fifth  foot  is  regularly  a 
dactyl  (ber  $)artl)(u$,  _  w  w)  ;  the  other  four  feet  may 
be  either  spondees  or  dactyls.  Thus  constructed,  the 
verse  is  known  as  the  dactylic  hexameter,  or  heroic 
verse,  the  meter  of  the  Iliad,  the  Odyssey,  and  the 
^Eneid.  The  best  known  example  in  American  litera- 
ture is  Longfellow's  Evangeline. 

In  Hermann  und  Dorothea  about  ten  lines  have  a  spon- 
dee in  the  fifth  foot  :  Canto  II,  line  90  ;  IV,  21,  29,  141, 
212  ;  V,  57,  211,  233  ;  VI,  292  ;  VII,  163.  These  lines 
are  spondaic  hexameters.  Their  retarded  movement  gives 
the  effect  of  effort,  weight,  or  dignity. 

The  hexameter  line  is  broken  by  a  rhetorical  pause, 
usually  in  the  third  foot,  called  a  cop.sura  (bte  (Ecifur).  If 
this  pause  occurs  after  a  long  syllable,  it  is  called  mascu- 
line (tnanttttrf)  ;  see  last  four  lines  of  the  German  quotation 


APPENDIX   E  257 


below) ;  if  after  a  short  syllable,  it  is  feminine  (it)etb(id); 
see  first  line  below).  The  latter  is  more  common  in 
German.  Besides  the  main  caesura  there  may  be  one 
or  two  subordinate  ones  in  a  verse,  since  a  caesura  (cut- 
ting) is  really  the  ending  of  a  word  within  a  foot.  A 
main  caesura  at  the  end  of  the  third  foot,  dividing  the 
line  into  two  equal  parts,  is  very  objectionable  and  not 
used,  but  it  may  occur  in  other  feet  besides  the  third,  as 
after  the  first  syllable  of  the  fourth  foot,  or  occasionally 
at  the  end  of  the  fourth  foot,  the  "bucolic  caesura" 
(see  Canto  II,  line  58),  so  called  from  its  use  in  the  pas- 
toral or  bucolic  poetry  of  the  Greeks.  If  the  main  cae- 
sura comes  too  near  the  beginning  or  the  end  of  the 
verse,  it  fails  in  its  purpose  of  dividing  the  line.  Skill 
in  the  use  of  the  caesura  adds  greatly  to  the  variety  of 
the  verse  and  the  beauty  of  the  rhythm,  as  we  may  see 
from  Goethe's  use  of  it. 

The  modern  use  of  the  hexameter  in  English  and  Ger- 
man may  be  exemplified  by  the  first  five  lines  of  Evan- 
geline  and  Hermann  und  Dorothea : 

\j      ^  \^         \j      \^/  w  W      vy  

This  is  the  |  forest  pri|meval.  II  The  |  murmuring  |  pines 
and  the  |  hemlocks, 

\J  \_S  W         \_J  . \^/     \^ 

Bearded  with  |  moss,  and  in  |  garments  |  green,  II  indis- 

V_/         vy  

tinct  in  the  |  twilight 

y        w         —  —  —   —  —         ^ 

Stand   like  |  Druids   of  |  eld,  II  with  |  voices   |  sad   and 
pro|phetic, 


258  APPENDIX  E 


Stand  like  |  harpers  |  hoar,  I!  with  |  beards  that  |  rest  on 

\j         —  — 
their  |  bosoms. 

\J  \J W  W  

Loud   from   its  |  rocky  |  caverns,  II  the  |  deep-voiced  | 

W    W  

neighboring  |  ocean 


)'  id)  ben  |  Sftarft  unb   bie  |  Strain  li  bod)  |  nie   fo  | 
etnfam  gelfefyen ! 
3ft  bod)  bie  |  Stabt  ttrie  ge|fef)rt!  it  3Bte  |  au*ge  ftorben ! 

y  ^ 

9?id)t  |  funfatg, 

£>eud)t  mtr  |  blieben  $u  j  rtirf  li  t>on  |  atlen  |  unfern  33e(* 
tuofjnern. 

w          w  _  * 

$Ba§  bie  |  9Jeugier  ntd)t  |  tut!  II  @o  |  rennt  unb  |  tiiuft 

nun  ein  |  jeber, 
Urn  ben  |  traurtgen  |  3^g  H  ber  |  ormen  33ertrtebnen  ju  | 

fefyen. 

The  verdict  of  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes  (1809-1894) 
on  the  use  of  the  hexameter  in  Evangel ine  applies  also 
to  Hermann  und  Dorothea :  "  Of  the  longer  poenis  of  our 
chief  singer,  I  should  not  hesitate  to  select  Evangeline 
as  the  masterpiece,  and  I  think  the  general  verdict  of 
opinion  would  confirm  my  choice.  The  German  model 


APPENDIX  E  259 


which  it  follows  in  its  measure  and  the  character  of  its 
story  was  itself  suggested  by  an  earlier  idyl.  If  Doro- 
thea was  the  mother  of  Evangeline,  Luise  was  the 
mother  of  Dorothea.  And  what  a  beautiful  creation  is 
the  Acadian  maiden ! 

"  The  hexameter  has  often  been  criticized,  but  I  do  not 
believe  any  other  measure  could  have  told  that  lovely 
story  with  such  effect  as  we  feel  when  carried  along  the 
tranquil  current  of  these  brimming,  slow-moving,  soul- 
satisfying  lines.  Imagine  for  one  moment  a  story  like 
this  minced  into  octosyllabics.  The  poet  knows  better 
than  his  critics  the  length  of  step  which  best  befits  his 
muse." 


APPENDIX   F. 


Bibliography. 
£ie  23tbHograpf)te. 

(a)  Bibliographical. 
Btbltograpbtfctyes. 

For  a  history  of  the  printed  text  and  a  brief  list  of 
editions  of  Goethe's  works  see  Appendix  E,  b,  pages 
242-244. 

An  extensive  list  of  editions  and  literature  on  the 
poem  may  be  found  in  Goedeke,  Grundriss  zur  Geschichte 
der  deutschen  Dichtung  (9  vols.,  Dresden,  1884-1910.  See 
Vol.  IV,  pages  565-756). 

For  articles  in  current  periodicals  see  the  Bibliogra- 
phie  der  deutschen  Zeitschriften-Literatur  (printed  annu- 
ally since  1896)  under  "  Goethe." 

The  Jahresberichte  fur  neuere  deutsche  Liter  atunjeschi  elite 
(Stuttgart,  annually  since  1892)  give  short  estimates 
of  important  publications  on  the  subject  each  year. 

Meyer,  R.  M.,  Grundriss  der  neueren  deutschen  Literatur- 

geschichte  (2d  ed.,  Berlin,  1907),  and 
Nollen,  J  S.,  A  Chronology  and  Practical  Bibliography  of 

Modern  German  Literature  (Chicago,  1893),  contain 

further  bibliographical  aids. 
260 


APPENDIX  F  261 


Hewett's    edition    of    Hermann   und    Dorothea   (Boston, 
1898)  has  a  very  complete  bibliography. 

(6)  Biographical. 


Bielschowsky,  A.,    Goethe,   sein    Leben    und    seine   Werke 

(2   vols.,   25th    ed.,   Munich,   1913).     The   Life   of 

Goethe,  translated  by  W.  A.  Cooper  (3  vols.,  New  York, 

1905-1907). 

Boyesen,  Hjalmar  H.,  Goethe  and  Schiller  (New  York,  1904). 
Duntzer,  Heinrich,  Life  of  Goethe,  translated  by  T.  W.  Lyster 

(2  vols.,  London,  1883). 
Grimm,  Hermann,  TJie  Life  and  Times  of  Goethe,  translated 

by  Sarah  H.  Adams  (4th  ed.,  Boston,  1893). 
Hehn,  Victor,  Gedanken  ilber  Goethe  (7th  ed.,  Berlin,  1909). 
Heinemann,  K.,  Goethe  (2  vols.,  3d  ed.,  Leipzig,  1903). 
Lewes,  George  Henry,  The  Life  of  Goethe  (4th  ed.,  London, 

1890). 

Meyer,  Richard  M.,  Goethe  (3d  ed.,  Berlin,  1905).' 
Sime,  James,  Life  of  Johann    Wolfgang  Goethe  (London, 

1888). 

(c)  General  Reference. 
2IHgemcines. 

Biedermann,  W.  von,  Goethes  Gesprache  (10  vols.,  2d  ed., 

Leipzig,  1909). 
Bb'ttiger,   K.    A.,  Literarische  Zustiinde  nnd   Zeitgenossen 

(2  vols.,  Leipzig,  1838). 
Bratranek,  F.  T.,  Goethes  Briefwechsel  mil  den  Gebriidern 

von  Humboldt,  1795-1832  (Leipzig,  1876). 


262  APPENDIX  F 


Braun,  J.  W.,  Schiller  und  Goethe  im  Urteile  Hirer  Zeityenos- 

sen  (3  vols.,  Part  II :  Goethe,  Berlin,  1883-1885). 
Chuquet,  A.,  Goethe,  Campayne  de  France  (2d  ed.,  Paris, 

1890). 
Eckermann,  J.  P.,   Gesprache  mit  Goethe  (ed.  by  A.  Bar- 

tels,  2  vols.,  Jena,  1908). 
Geiger,   L.,    Brieftcechsel    zicischen    Schiller    tind    Korner 

(4  vols.,  Stuttgart,  1895-1896). 
Geiger,  L.,    Goethe-Jahrbuch   (Frankfurt   a.    M.,  annually 

since  1880). 
Graef,  H.  G.,  Goethe  ilber  seine  Dichtungen  (Part  I :  Die 

epischen  Dichtungen.     Frankfurt  a.  M.,  1901). 
Graef  und  Leitzmann,  Briefwechsel  zicischen  Schiller   und 

Goethe  (3  vols.,  Leipzig,  1912). 

Jonas,  F.,  Schillers  Briefe  (7  vols.,  Stuttgart,  1892-1896). 
Kullmer,   C.  J.,    Pdssneck    und   Hermann   und    Dorothea 

(Heidelberg,  1910). 

Lehmann,  J.  A.  0.  L.,  Goethes  Sprache  und  ihr  Geist  (Ber- 
lin, 1852). 
Olbrich,  C.,    Goethes  Sprache  und    die   Antike   (Leipzig, 

1891). 
Riemer,  F.  W.,  Mitteilungen  uber  Goethe  (2  vols.,  Berlin, 

1841). 

(d)  Critical. 
Krtttfc^es. 

Cholevius,  L.,  Asthetische  und  historische  Einleitung  nebst 
fortlaufender  Erkldrung  zu  Goethes  Hermann  und 
Dorothea  (3d  ed.,  Leipzig,  1897). 

Duntzer,  H.,  Erlduterungen  zu  den  deutschen  Klassikern  : 
Hermann  und  Dorothea  (8th  ed.,  Leipzig,  1898). 


APPENDIX  F  263 


Helm,  V.,  Uber  Goethes  Hermann  und  Dorothea  (Stutt- 
gart, 1903). 

Hewett,  W.  T.,  A  Study  of  Goethe's  Printed  Text:  Her- 
mann und  Dorothea  (Publications  of  the  Modern 
Language  Association  of  America,  Vol.  XIV,  No.  1, 
Baltimore,  1899). 

Hewett,  W.  T.,  Notes  to  Hermann  und  Dorothea  (Modern 
Language  Notes,  VII,  334-339). 

Humboldt,  W.  von,  Asthetische  Versuche  ilber  Hermann  und 
Dorothea  (3d  ed.,  Braunschweig,  1883.  In  his  Ge- 
sammelte  Werke,  Vol.  IV). 

Schlegel,  A.  W.,  Uber  Hermann  und  Dorothea  (in  his 
Sammtliche  Werke,  Vol.  XI,  Leipzig,  1846-1847). 

Shreyer,  H.,  Das  Fortleben  homerischer  Gestalten  in  Goethes 

Dichtung  (Giitersloh,  1893). 

In  all   histories  of  German  literature  there  are   esti- 
mates of  Hermann  und   Dorothea  in  the  discussions  of 

Goethe's  works. 

(c)  Metrical. 
HTetrtfd?cs. 

Cholevius,  C.  L.,  Geschichte  der  deutschen  Poesie  nach  ihren 

antiken  Elementen  (Leipzig,  1856). 
Drobisch,  M.  W.,   Uber  die  Formen  des  Hexameters  (Be- 

richte   der   Kon.    Sachs.   Gesellschaft   der   Wissen- 

schaften,  Phil.-hist.  Klasse.,  May  26,  1866,  July  1 

and  Dec.  12,  1868). 
Hehn,  V.,  Einiges  iiber  Goethes  Vers   (Goethe-Jahrbuch, 

Vol.  VI,  pages  176-230). 
Minor,  J.,  Neuhochdeutsche   Metrik   (2d   ed.,   Strassburg, 

1903). 


264  APPENDIX   F 


Voss,  J.  H-,  Zeitmessung  der  deutschen  Sprache  (Konigs- 

berg,  1802). 
Wackernagel,  W.,  Geschichte  des  deutschen  Hexameters  und 

Pentameters  bis  auf  .Klopstock  (Berlin,  1831). 

(/)  Translations. 
ubetfefetmgen. 

The  earliest  translation  into  English  was  made  in 
1801  by  Thomas  Holcroft,  a  friend  and  correspondent 
of  Goethe's.  Several  other  English  translations  have 
been  made.  One  of  the  best  is  that  by  Ellen  Frothing- 
ham  (Boston,  1874).  There  are  translations  also  into 
Latin,  Greek,  Hebrew,  French,  Italian,  Spanish,  Portu- 
guese, Swedish,  Russian,  Polish,  Dutch,  Hungarian, 
Bohemian,  and  Danish.  (An  extensive  list  is  given  in 
Hewett's  edition,  Boston,  1898.) 

(g)  Illustrations. 

Btlber. 

Several  painters  and  engravers  have  furnished  illus- 
trations for  Hermann  und  Dorothea.  Chodowiecki  was 
among  the  earliest ;  later  came  Wilhelm  von  Kaulbach, 
Ludwig  Richter,  and  Moritz  Retsch,  the  well-known 
illustrator  of  Faust.  The  illustrations  by  Arthur,  Baron 
von  Ramberg  (1819-1875)  used  in  this  edition  are  among 
the  best.  There  are  many  illustrated  German  editions. 


APPENDIX   G. 
(5. 


Questions  on  the  Text1 
^rogcn  iifier  ben  £egt. 

Canto  I. 

(Erfter  (Scfang. 

(Lines  1-9)  \.  Wic  toaren  ber  ITtarFt  unb  bte  Stra§en? 
2.  IPte  fat}  bte  Stabt  aus?  3.  IDte  mele  23etr>ofyner  ber  Stabt 
blieben  3uriicf  ?  $.  IDas  trteb  fie  t^tnaus  ?  5.  IDas  tDolItcn  fie 
fefyen?  6.  IDo  jogen  bte  Pertrtebenen?  7.  IPtc  roeit  roar  ber 
Dammroeg  r»on  ber  Stabt?  8.  tint  toelcfyc  §ett  bes  Cages  3ogen 
bte  Dertrtebenen  oorbet?  9.  3n  a>elcl?er  3al)res3ett  fpielt  bte 
(Sefctytcfyte  ?  \o.  If  arum  tptll  ber  IPtrt  fid?  nid?t  rom  pla^e 
riihrett?  f 

(Lines  10-21)  \\.  Don  toelctyem  Canbc  Font  men  btefc  flic^cnben 
UTenfdpen?  \2.  3n  n?as  fur  etnem  (Ealc  liegt  bte  Stabt  unferer 
(5efd?id?tc  ?  IT,.  IVas  fyat  bie  ^rau  getan?  i^.  tDarunt  follte 
ber  Sotjn  ben  2-lnncn  £tnnen  (ieinroanb),  (Effett,  unb  drinfen 
gcbcn?  \?>.  Kann  ber  Sofyn  gut  fal^rcn?  \6.  lt?te  fiefyt  bas 
"Kittfd^en  aus?  \7.  IPer  tft  mtt  bent  Sortie  gegangen  ?  js.  IDo 
fallen  ber  IPtrt  unb  feine  ^rau?  \q.  *lVie  nennt  man  bte  ^rau 
etnes  IPtrtcs?  20.  IDie  l^te^  tl^r  (Saftfyof  ? 

(Lines  22-43)  2\.  Was  fiir  etne  vfrau  n>ar  bte  IPtrttn? 
22.  IParutn  rcrfdpcnFte  fie  bte  abgetragene  £einn?anb  ungerne  ? 


1  Questions  not  directly  bearing  on  the  text  are  preceded  by  an 
asterisk  *.  References  to  appendices  or  notes  that  will  aid  in  answer- 
ing the  questions  are  inclosed  iu  parentheses  after  the  question. 

265 


266  APPENDIX   G 


23.  (Eat  fie  es  beute  uiv-jente?  IDarum  ntctyt?  2^.  U?ie  ent= 
fd?ulbtgte  fie  fid?,  bag  fie  ben  Scfylafrocf  ibres  Cannes  r»crfd?cnFt 
fyatte?  25.  JPar  bcr  tt?irt  bofe  bariiber?  26.  IDar  er  frob, 
ba§  ber  Sd?lafrocf  fort  roar?  27.  2lus  roas  fiir  Staff  roar  ber 
Sd?lafroc!?  28.  lt)ie  foil  bcr  ITTann  ficb  jetjt  Fletben?  29.  IPie 
fet]en  bie  suriicffehrenben  Biirger  aus?  30.  IPoran  hat  ocr 
U)irt  genug? 

(Lines  44-58)  sj.  IParum  gefallt  i)em  IPirt  bas  IPetter  fo 
fel^r?  32.  lt>ie  ift  ber  f^tmmel?  bas  IPcttcr?  33.  IDarum 
fd^neiben  fie  bas  Korn  nid?t  tjeute,  roenn  cs  fd?on  iiberretf  ift? 
3$.  Ifo  ftanb  bcr  (Safthof  3um  golbenen  £oi»cn  ?  35.  Ifer 
roohnte  an  ber  anberen  Sette  bes  IHarftes  ?  56.  IDas  tnar  fein 
S3eruf?  37.  IPas  mar  fetne  Stelle  unter  ben  Betoofynern  ber 
Stabt?  38.  Kam  er  audj  511  ^UR  nad?  fjaufe?  39.  2Per  roar 
mititjm?  ^o.  IPar  biefes  Stabtd?eu  nur  ein  lanblidjcs? 

(Lines  59-83)  $\.  *JX>o^ncn  5ie  in  etner  fletnen  ober  einer 
gro§en  Stabt?  42.  *3ft  fie  eine  Ianblid?e  Stabt,  ober  tjat  fie 
niele  ^abrifcn?  ^3.  *lfas  toirb  in  ben  ^abrifen  gemaAt? 
^4.  H?er  Fain  enblid?  iiber  ben  UTarFt?  tPer  tear  mit  ihtn? 
^5.  VOas  follten  fie  er5a'hlen?  ^6.  IPorauf  fe^ten  fid?  bte 
^reunbe?  47.  Was  taten  fie,  als  fie  fid?  hinfe^ten?  ^8.  IV as 
tabelte  ber  2lpotr;eFcr  bcfonbers  an  ben  ITtcnfd^en  ?  ^9.  (Eabelte 
ber  pfarrer  aud?  bie  ZTeugier  bcr  £eute?  IDarum  nid?t? 
50.  Was  fiir  ein  JTtann  roar  ber  pfarrer?  IPie  alt?  JX?as 
Fannte  er? 

(Lines  84-132)  5;.  XPas  fudpt  ber  3"n9'i"9  bcfonbers  tin 
£eben  ?  Der  ITtann  ?  Der  (5reis  ?  52.  lUas  ift  ber  (Sefahrte 
ber  3u9cn°?  ^es  ITtannes?  53.  IDas  tut  ber  £eid?tfimt  fiir 
bte  ITlcnfdpcn  ?  Per  Perftanb  ?  5^.  IDarum  roar  bte  Bausfrau 
ungebulbig?  55.  IDie  ftihjte  fid?  ber  2tpotbeFcr  nad)  allem,  roas 
er  gefefyen  l^atte  ?  56.  Sefd?reiben  Sic  ben  §U9  ^cr  Ifanbrer, 
als  fie  burd?  bas  CEal  jogen.  57.  IDie  roaren  bte  Sadden  auf  ben 
IPagen  unb  Karren  gelaben?  58.  *tt)as  ift  ber  Unterfdjieb 
3rotfd?en  einem  IDagctt  unb  cittern  Karren?  (See  note  to  Canto  I, 
line  117.)  59.  IDas  tut  ber  IHenfd?  gerob'fynltd?  in  ber  (Sefatjr? 
60.  IDas  fiityrten  bie  IDanbrer  mit?  IParum? 


APPENDIX   G  267 


(Lines  133-170)  b\.  Was  tft  mit  cittern  IPagen  gefcbeben? 
IDarum?  <ni.  iDaren  bic  €eute  febr  befebabigt?  63.  U?er  bat 
tbttcn  tylfc  gclctftct?  lUarum?  6$.  Itfas  boffte  ber  £jaus= 
toirt?  65.  IDaritm  u>ollte  er  bie  traurigcn  Bilber  nicbt  erneu= 
ern  ?  66.  IDobitt  fiibrte  cr  feine  (Sa'fte  ?  tParum  ?  67.  Was 
bracfyte  bie  ^ausfrau?  68.  IParum  tpolltcrt  ftc  ntd?t  brau^en 
trinfen?  69.  Befcfyretbcn  Sic  bic  ^lafdpe,  bas  Hunb,  bie  (Slafcr, 
uttb  ben  difcl?.  "0.  *3ft  bas  allcs  eci?t  bcutfci?  ? 

(Lines  171-205)  ~\.  IPtc  mar  cs  bent  IPirt  311  ITTute?  bcm 
Pfarrer?  bcm  2lpotb,efer?  12.  IDte  tft  cs  bem  5tabtd?cn  fcit 
bem  Branbe  gcgangen?  73.  IParum  fyofft  ber  Iftrt,  bag  bem 
Stabtcfyen  fctn  nciies  Uttgliirf  benorftebe?  7^.  IPas  tut  ber 
(Slaubc  im  (Sliicfe?  3m  Hugliirf  ?  75.  HMctyen  Strom  lobt 
bcrlPirt?  76.  tParum  ift  cr  tbm  b'efonbers  licb  ?  77.  IDelctye 
groge  ^offnung  tyqt  ber  IPtrt?  78.  tDarum  tjofft  er  auf 
^rieben  ?  79.  IPie  ipirb  bas  ^eft  bes  ,f  ricbens  gefeiert  tocrben  ? 
80.  IPas  bofft  ber  IXHrt,  bag  feitt  i^crmann  an  bicfcm  dagc  tun 
roerbe?  IDarunt? 

(Lines  206-213)  8\.  IPartim  tft  er  mtt  bem  Sotme  un3ufrte= 
ben?  82.  IPas  fiir  ctn  (Semiit  bat  ber  Sobn?  83.  IPeffen 
(Sefellfdjaft  nermetbet  cr?  8^.  lt)as  borte  man  brau§en,  als  ber 
IDtrt  fo  fpracty?  85.  (Ersablcn  Sic  mit  tucnigen  IDorten,  t»as 
Ste  iDiffen  iiber  (a)  ben  Cb^trafter  bes  f^elben,  (6)  feinen  Datcr, 
(c)  feine  HTutter,  (d)  fctne  Daterftabt,  (e)  fcinc  ZIad?barn,  (/)  bas 
Dermogen  fetncr  €Itcrn,  (g)  bie  fjoffnungen  fcincr  €ltcrn  fiir 
feine  guFunft,  unb  (h)  ben  §uftanb  bes  £anbes. 

Canto  II. 
groeitcr  (Sefang. 

(Lines  1-26)  \.  Was  fiir  eine  (Scftalt  batte  ber  Sotm?  2.  Wit 
fab  tbn  ber  prcbiger  an?  3.  Wie  fommt  ber  Sobn  3urii<f  ?  IPie 
ftebt  cr  aus?  ^.  IPie  anttoortet  er  bem  prcbiger?  5.  !£He  b^t 
er  bic  (5aben  ttntcr  bic  2Irmcn  ocrteilt?  6.  IDas  b^t  bie  ITtutter 
ibm  mit  gegebcn?  7.  IPas  taten  bie  23iirger,  als  cr  auf  bie 
Stragc  b"wu=f^i"?  8.  Wo  war  ber  §ug  ber  Pertriebcnen 


268  APPENDIX   G 


fd?on?  9.  Was  fab,  er  suerft,  als  cr  bie  Strafie  btnanfufyr? 
(0.  Befd?reiben  Sie  ben  IDagen  unb  bas  iTtabd?en,  bas  nebenfyer 
ging. 

(Lines  27-64)  \\.  IDaritm  fprad?  bas  lltabcben?  12.  IDer 
lag  tm  IDagen?  J5.  IDorum  bat  bas  lfiabd?en?  IDarum? 
W.  Konntc  fjermann  tbr  fyelfcn  ?  IDarum  ?  jr>.  IDas  gab  er 
itjr  3uerft?  llnb  bann?  ^6.  JDte  erliteltcn  bas  inabd^en  unb 
btc  franfe  ^rau  btefe  (Sabcn?  \7.  IDo^tn  tpollten  fie  nocb  biefen 
Sag  gclangen?  IParum  ?  \s.  Was  u>trb  Dorothea  bort  mtt 
bencSaben tun?  ^9.  It?as tatfte, alsfiefortfubr?  20.  IParum 
Fam  Bevmann  bann  nictyt  gletd?  nad?  Baufe? 

(Lines  65-106)  2\.  Was  entfd?teb  er  fid?  311  tun  ?  22.  IDarum 
gab  er  bem  lltabd^en  aud?  bte  Spetfen  ?  23.  t£>as  fiir  Spetfen 
retd^te  er  ifyr?  2^.  IDas  tat  fie  mtt  allem  ?  25.  IParum  freut 
fid?  ber  2JpotbeFer  je^t?  26.  H?eld?e  Porbereitungcn  bat  er 
fd?on  3ur  ^Iud?t  gemad?t?  27.  IDte  3etgt  er  feinen  €igennu^? 
28.  IDarum  tabelt  fjermann  feine  Hebe  ?  29.  IPas  mod?te  fjcr= 
mann  je^t  lieber  als  jc  tun?  IDarum?  30.  IDie  gefallt  biefe 
Hebe  bem  Dater?  IDarum? 

(Lines  107-196)  3J.  IDarum  freut  ftd?  bie  IHutter?  32.  <£r= 
Sa'b^len  5ie  bie  (Sefd^icfyte  com  Branbe.  Don  ber  Dcrlobung  ber 
(Eltern.  33.  IDarum  lobt  bie  ITlutter  fjermanns  (£ntfd?Iulg,  fid? 
cine  Braut  3U  ne^tnen?  34.  3ft  ber  Dater  bamit  3ufrieben, 
ba§  ber  5or(n  tun  foil,  toie  er  felber  getan  fyat?  IDarum  nid?t? 

35.  IDas  fiir  eine  Braut  tr>iinfd?t  er  fiir  fjermann  ?     IDarum? 

36.  IDas  bringt  eine  begiiterte  Braut  mtt?      37.  IDer  berettet 
biefe  ITtitgift?    IDie  lange?       38.  IDann  ftnbet  fid?  eine  ^rau 
be^aglid?  tm  f^aufe?      39.   IDas  fiir  eine  Braut  tr»tll  ber  Dater 
feben?    IDarum?      w.  IDen  bat  ber  Dater  fiir  fjermann  fd?on 
ausgelefen?    IDarum? 

(Lines  197-258)  ^\.  £}at  fjermann  fd?on  bariiber  gebad?t? 
42.  IDie  lange  Fennt  cr  bie  !Ttabd?en?  ^3.  f>at  er  fie  aud?  be* 
fud?t?  4^.  IDie  fiiblt  er  fid?  in  itjrem  llmgang?  IDarum? 
^5.  Befd?reiben  Ste  feinen  Iet5ten  Befud?.  ^6.  IDie  entfd?ulbigt 
bie  ITtutter  bas  Benebmen  ber  ITTabd?en  ?  ±~.  Kami  Bermann 
feinen  Derbrug  oergeffen?  IDarum  nid?t?  48.  IDarum  totrb 


APPENDIX   G  269 


ber  Pater  fo  5ornig  ?       49.  IDas  tabelt  cr  befonbers  an  feinem 
Sotme?      50.  IPie  ift  es  mit  £?ermann  in  ber  Sd?ute  gegangen? 

(Lines  259-273)  5\.  IPie  nafym  cr  bas  Sd?elten  feines  Paters 
an?  52.  Was  fiir  ein  ITtabd?en  roill  ber  Datcr  als  Sd?nneger- 
tod?ter  nid?t  leibcn  ?  IDarum  md?t?  53.  IPer  follifym  bie  mele 
IMfye  feines  Sebens  oerfiifjen?  54.  Was  mu§  bie  Sd?uMegcr= 
tocfyter  tun  fonncn?  55.  Was  fiir  icutc  fallen  fid?  in  feinetn 
fjaufe,  befonbers  am  Sonntacj,  nerfammcln  ?  56.  Was  ift  £?er= 
manns  Zlntroort  ba3u  ?  57.  lt)eld?c  ^ortfd^ritte  mad?t  bie  £?attb= 
lung  in  biefem  (Scfange  ?  58.  Was  fyaben  n)ir  n>eiter  iiber  ben 
C^araFter  (a)  fjermanns,  (6)  bcs  Paters,  unb  (c)  ber  ITlutter 
gelernt?  59.  IPas  roiffen  roir  nod?  iiber  bas  Stabtdpen? 

Canto  III. 
Dritter  (Sefang. 

(Lines  1-32)  [.  Was  ift  bcr  lie^Itdtfte  tPunfd?  bes  Paters? 
2.  IDas  foil  jebcr  gutc  fjausrotrt  unb  jeber  gute  Burger  immer  3U 
tun  ccrfud?en?  5.  IPie  foil  ber  lUenfd?  ntcfyt  aufmad?fen  unb 
leben?  ^.  IPoran  fict^t  man  gleid?,  tceld^es  Sinncs  ein  £jaus= 
n?trt  fei  ?  5.  IPonad?  tuerben  bie  (Dbrigfeiten  einer  Stabt  beur= 
tctlt?  6.  IPann  geroo^nt  fid?  bcr  Burger  lcid?t  an  fd?mu^igcs 
Saumfal  ?  7.  IParum  a>unfd?t  bcr  ZPirt,  bag  fjermann  reifen 
foil?  8.  lPeld?e  Stabtc  foil  er  sum  tuenigften  fet^en?  9.  *tDas 
roar  (Soetbcs  Pcrbaltnis  311  biefen  Stabtcn?  (See  note  to  Canto 
III,  lines  23-24.)  jo.  tPas  ftnbct  ber  ^rembc  in  ^ermanns 
Stabtd?en  311  loben? 

(Lines  33-66)  \\.  IDelcfyes  2lmt  b,at  ber  IPirt  lange  beftcibet? 
U?ie?  \2.  IPie  bat  er  bas  Stabtd?en  rerbeffert?  \3.  lPeld?e 
^urd?t  l^at  er  iiber  bie  3ugenb?  IParum?  Uber  fcincn  £7cr= 
mann?  ^.  IPie  nimmt  bie  IlTuttcr  bas  an?  15.  IPic  glaubt 
fie,  bag  man  Kinbcr  er3icb.cn  mu§?  IParum?  \(>.  tParum  lagt 
fie  ilircrt  fjermann  nid?t  fd?elten?  ^7.  IPic  fyemmt  ber  Pater 
immcr  ben  IHut  bes  Scenes?  \8.  IParum  cerlicg  bie  ITtutter 
bann  bie  Stubc?  19.  tPas  fagte  bcr  IPirt  bann  iiber  ^rauen 
unb  Kinber?  20.  Kann  man  fe^en,  ba§  cr  feinc  ^rau  unb  fcin 
Kinb  bod?  fefyr  licb  bat  ? 


270  APPENDIX   G 


(Lines  67-98)  2\.  tPann  totll  ber  Jlpotbefer  aucty  rcrbeffern? 
22.  IDas  feb.lt  ibjn  aber  ?  23.  U>arum  fctyeut  er  Die  Koften  be- 
fonbers  jet3t?  2\.  Was  lobt  cr  befonbcrs  am  £jaufe  bcs  retctyen 
Kaufmanns?  25.  IParum  fann  ber  Kaufmann  bas  alles  Iciest 
tun  ?  26.  IDar  bas  Bans  bes  Kaufmanns  immer  bas  fd?onfte  ? 

27.  EDelcfye  fja'ufer  roarcn  glctd?  nad?  bcm  Branbe  bte  fd^onftcn  ? 

28.  Ific  mar  cs  im  (Sarten  bcs  2tpotl^cfcrs  ?  "3"  ^cin  Saale? 

29.  *3ft  bas  allcs  jctjt  bte  ITtobc?      so.  *fjabcn  Sic  jc  fo  ctnen 
(Sartcn  gefcl^cn?    Befd?retbcn  5ie  tljn. 

(Lines  99-110)  5\.  *Wet  l]at  cine  ncue  lllobc  am  (£nbe  bes 
ad^tje^nten  3atlr^un^erts  na<ty  €uropa  gebrad^t?  (See  note 
to  Canto  III,  line  102.)  32.  *l£ar  btes  cine  fcfyone  ITtobe? 
33.  *£7abcn  Ste  fie  gern?  34.  H?ie  tft  atles  nad?  biefer  UTobe? 
2lus  toas  fiir  E^olj?  35.  IDarum  liefi  ber  HpothcFer  feinen 
(Engcl  JTtid?acl  oerbraunt?  36.  lt>eld?e  ^ortfd^rittc  fyat  bie 
I^anblung  in  biefem  (Sefangc  gemad?t?  37.  IParum  ift  ber 
(Sefang  non  lt>ert?  38.  IPas  haben  n?ir  Heues  iibcr  bie  <£l}araf= 
tere  gelernt? 

Canto  IV. 
Dierter  (Sefang. 

(Lines  1-21)  \.  It)ol]irt  ging  bie  ntutter,  roa'hrenb  bie  UTanner 
fo  fprad^en?  IDarum?  2.  Wo  fajg  ^crmann  geroobnlid?  ? 
3.  IPar  er  heutc  ba?  ^.  IPas  fagtc  berKncdjt?  5.  IParum 
fagt  ber  Didjtcr  ,,bie  boppelten  f^ofe"  ?  (See  note  to  Canto  IV, 
line  8.)  6.  IPie  t»eit  retd^te  ber  (Sarten?  7.  Bcfdpreiben  Sie 
ben  (Sang  ber  IHutter  burcfy  ben  (Sarten.  8.  IParum  roar  bas 
Pfortd^en  in  ber  ITtauer  ?  9.  IPer  hat  es  gemadpt  ?  ^o.  IParum 
erbiclt  er  bas  l\cd?t  baju  ? 

(Lines  22-54)  \\.  IPas  lag  jenfcit  ber  Jltauer  ?  12.  If  ie  lag 
ber  IDeinberg?  js.  IPoriibcr  frcute  fid?  bie  ITlutter,  als  fie  ben 
IPeinberg  burctyfd^ritt  ?  \^.  IPas  fiir  Crauben  toudpfen  im 
IPcinberg?  ^5.  tt>as  ift  bie  fd?onfte  (Ernte  in  Deutfd?lanb  am 
Hbeine?  (See  note  to  Canto  IV,  line  34.)  ^6.  !t>ie  roirb  ber 
dag  gefeiert  ?  Dcr  2lbenb?  \7.  tParum  fitctyte  bie  JTtutter  ben 
5ob,n  nid?t  oft  ?  {&.  Was  lag  tjinter  bent  IPcinbcrg  ?  ^9.  23e= 


APPENDIX   G  271 


fdjrctben  Sic  bas  ^e(6.      20.  IPas  bc3eidmete  bie  (Sren^e  ber 


(Lines  55-94)  2\.  2Juf  t»eld?e  IPeife  mar  ber  Birnbaum  nii^= 
ltd??  22.  IPer  fajj  jet5t  barunter?  23.  IPie  faft  cr  ba? 
IPofyin  fafy  er?  2^.  IPie  fam  bie  IHutter  bjnan?  25.  IPor= 
iibcr  erftauntc  fie?  IParum?  26.  ID  arum  t»einte  fjermann? 
27.  Was  fiird?tete  cr  fiir  bas  Daterlanb  ?  28.  IPtc  famen  bic 
^rau3ofen  l^eratt?  29.  n?arum  murbc  f^ermann  entfdjulbtgt  ? 
so.  (Scfallt  tbm  bas  je^t  ?  IParum  md?t  ? 

(Lines  95-154)  3^.  Was  arili  cr  je^t  tun  ?  IParum  ? 
32.  Was  b,at  er  fid?  bcfdploffcn?  tDarum?  33.  Was  mitt  cr 
bem  Dater  seigen  ?  3^.  (Slaubt  bie  ITlutter  alles,  was  er  fprid^t  ? 
If  arum  nid?t?  35.  Was  ift  ^ermanns  roab^rc  Beftimmung  ? 
Was  bege^rt  cr  ntd?t?  36.  IPic  reift  ein  3iin9^n9  am  bcfter: 
3ur  Cat?  IDarum  ?  37.  IPar  bte  £iebe  3iim  Daterlanb  bas 
eittjige,  tuas  ibn  aus  bes  Paters  f^aufc  ricf  ?  38.  IParum  fagte 
er  es  benn?  39.  (Slaubt  bte  lllutter  aud?,  ba|5  atles  umfonft  fei? 
IParum  ntd?t?  ^o.  tPie  ift  ber  JTtann  genjob^nlid?  ?  Die 
^rau? 

(Lines  155-185)  ^\.  IPie  3cigte  ^ermann  feincn  5d?mer3? 
^2.  IPas  fyat  i^tt  fo  fe^r  gcfranft?  43.  IPas  b,at  ber  Pater 
gefagt?  (See  Canto  II,  lines  246-258,  261-272,  especially  II, 
254-255.)  ^.  £}at  f^ermann  bas  Sd^elten  bes  Paters  oerbient? 
IParum  ntd?t  ?  45.  IParum  fyabeit  bte  tCnabert  bctt  Pater  aus= 
gefpottet  ?  46.  IPas  tat  f^ermann  bann  ?  47.  £}at  ber  Pater 
bas  genntftt  urtb  gcfd^a^t  ?  Die  ITtutter  ?  48.  IPas  mufjte  i7er= 
maim  oft  bulbcn?  ^9.  IPte  b^at  bic  HTutter  it^m  geb^olfeu? 
so.  IParum  madjt  bas  Spare  tt  nid^t  allein  bas  (Sliicf  ? 

(Lines  186-225)  5^.  n?oriibcr  freut  fid?  fjermann  ?  IParum? 
52.  IPas  anil  er  abcr  nod?  babcn  ?  53.  IPer  tDunfd?t  es  aud?  ? 
54.  IParum  finb  fie  benn  md?t  cintg  ?  55.  IPen  b|at  ^crrnann 
gctoal^It  ?  56.  IParum  farm  cr-  fie  ntd?t  fyaben  ?  57.  IParum 
mu§  er  fie  in  folder  €tle  nad?  fjaufe  fii^ren?  58.  IPie  toirb  es 
ib.m  fein,  roenn  er  fie  nid?t  l^aben  Fann  ?  IParum  ?  59.  IParum 
null  er  nid?t  met^r  nad?  I^aufe  suriicf  Feb^ren  ?  60.  IPas  fyat  ber 
Pater  gefagt? 


272  APPENDIX   G 


(Lines  226-250)  61.  tt?ic  ift  bte  getDotjnlid^e  Jlrt  bes  Paters? 
62.  IPer  roeig  ttm  abcr  311  befanftigen  ?  IDie  ?  63.  £?at  bie 
fltutter  jet)t  aud?  Boffmmg  ?  6^.  ItHe  erbeitert  fie  ben  Sobn  ? 
65.  JDas  tun  IHutter  unb  Sobtt  bantt  ?  w>.  Per  Kritifer  icfftng 
bat  es  a  Is  (Scfctj  erFIart,  baJ5  man  in  cittern  eptfcben  (Scfctcfyt  Be-- 
fc^reibung  mtt  ^atiMung  rert>tnJ>en  miiH.  Wo  tft  (5oetbe  fctcfem 
(Sefc^e  befonbers  in  btcfcm  (Scfangc  gefolgt?  67.  *(£rn?abnett 
Sie  a'fynlicfyer  Beifptele  aus  anberen  Biid^ern.  (See  Appendix  C, 
c,  1,  page  226.)  2Jus  fciefem  (Se^tc^te.  68.  geicjen  Sie  n?ie  bie 
23efcfyreibuttg  in  biefetn  (Sefange  mit  bem  taglic^en  £eben  ber 
^ausfrau  eng  perbunben  ift.  69.  H?eld?e  ^ortfcbritte  bat  bie 
Banblung  in  biefem  (Sefattge  gemadit  ?  ro.  Was  babett  tuir 
tpeiter  iiber  ben  t£bara!ter  (a)  ^ermanns,  (b)  bes  Daters,  unb 
(c)  ber  ITtutter  gelernt  ? 

Canto  V. 
^iinfter  (Sefang. 

(Lines  1-38)  \.  Wet  fafjen  nod?  3ufammen?  !t>ie?  2.  lt>or= 
iiber  fprad?ett  fte?  3.  IDonad?  foil  ber  HTcnfd?  immer  ftreben? 
Cut  er  es  ?  4.  IPas  mufj  man  aber  mit  betn  Streben  perbin= 
ben  ?  IParum  ?  5.  IPeld^en  Stanb  bes  icbctts  lobt  ber  Pfarrcr 
befonbers  ?  IDarutn  ?  6.  IPas  tut  ber  rubige  Burger  ?  lt>as 
bebarf  er?  ZParum?  7.  IParutn  ift  ber  Biirger  cincs  fleincn 
Stabtdjens  befonbers  gliidMid??  8.  W eldje  Sorgc  bat  ber  Sttibter? 
IParum?  9.  Ifeldjer  Stanb  gefa'Ut  fjermann  ant  beften,  bes 
tanbmannes  obcr  bes  Stabtcrs  ?  u>.  IPie  tnadit  uns  bie  Hebe 
bes  Pfarrers  bereit  fiir  ben  €intritt  ber  JTlutter  unb  bes 
Sobnes? 

(Lines  39-78)  \\.  IPoran  erinnert  bie  ITTutter  ben  Pater? 
\2.  IDeld^er  (Eag  ift  je^t  gcfommen?  \5.  Wie  bat  Bermann 
feine  Braut  gefunben?  \^.  Was  roirb  er  tun,  tDCttn  er  bas  er= 
Forene  IHa'bd^en  nid?t  baben  Fann?  J5.  Ifarum  fpricbt  ber 
Pfarrer,  efye  ber  Pater  antroorten  Fann  ?  16.  2ftimmt  er  mit 
bem  Pater  ober  bent  Sobne  partci  ?  17.  IDas  entfd^eibet  oft  bas 
(Sefdjid5  bes  ITlenfd^en?  js.  lt>arum  foil  man  ntd?t  lange  be= 


APPENDIX   G  273 


bcnfcn?  in.  IDarum  glaubt  ber  Pfarrer,  baft  J?ermann  t?er= 
nunftig  geirablt  babe  ?  20.  IDarunt  rat  cr  bent  Dater,  bctn 
Sob;ne  feittcn  IDunfd?  ju  gcn>abren  ? 

(Lines  79-107)  2\.  IDeld?en  Hat  gibt  ber  2Jpotbefer? 
22.  IDoju  bietet  er  fcine  guten  ZHenfte  ?  IDarum  ?  23.  Was 
jDtll  er  tun?  IDie?  24.  IDie  nimmt  Bermann  feinen  Jlntrag 
an?  25.  IDer  foil  aber  mttgeben  ?  IDarum?  26.  IDie  r>ertei= 
bigt  Hermann  bas  UTabd?en  gegen  ben  Dater  ?  27.  JTUt  toelc^en 
Illenfcben  ncrgletctyt  er  fie?  28.  Was  macfyt  ber  Krteg  nottg? 
29.  iDelcfycs  £ob  gonnt  er  bem  ITtabcben  ?  so.  IPoran  erinnert 
er  ben  Dater? 

(Lines  108-176)  3\.  IDoriiber  erftaunt  ber  Dater  ?  32.  IDen 
tabelt  er,  baJ5  fie  mtt  bem  So^ne  partei  neb^men  ?  33.  IDarum 
gtbt  er  enblid?  3U  ?  3^.  IHit  t»eld?er  IDarnung  fc^icft  er  fie  fort? 
35.  IDie  bort  Hermann  biefe  IDorte?  36.  lt?as  r»erfprtd?t  er, 
ebe  er  toeggebt  ?  37.  IDob,  in  eilt  er  bann  ?  IDarum  ?  38.  Be= 
fcfyretben  5te  (a)  bas  Sc^trren  ber  Pferbe,  (6)  bas  ^ortfabren, 
unb  (c)  ben  23runnen  unter  ben  iinbctt.  39.  lt)eld?e  §eid?en 
gtbt  er  ben  HTa'nncrn,  bamit  fie  bas  ]Ttabd?en  erfennen  roerben  ? 
40.  *3n  toelcbem  £anbe  fletben  fid?  bie  n7a'bd?en  fo?  (See  note 
to  Canto  V,  lines  169-170.) 

(Lines  177-222)  i\.  Was  erbtttet  fid?  Hermann  feb^r  aus= 
briicflid??  IDarum?  ^2.  2X>obin  gingen  bie  ^reunbe? 
^3.  IDie  fab  es  tm  Porfe  aus  ?  44.  IDas  gcfdjalj,  als  ber  Pfarrer 
unb  ber  2tpotbeFer  ^eranfamen  ?  45.  IDcr  gebot  Hu^e  ? 
4;6.  IDarum  tabelte  er  bie  £eute?  4".  IDas  follten  £etben  bie 
IHenfcfyen  lebren?  ^8.  IDas  gefd?ab,  als  ber  Zllte  fd?n>teg? 
^9.  tDas  tat  ber  Pfarrer?  50.  IDte  gebt  es  ben  JTlenfdjen  in 
gliicf Itd?en  (lagen  ?  3n  ungliicf Iid?en  ? 

(Lines  223-244)  5\.  IDie  erfd^eint  ber  2IIte  bem  Pfarrer? 
IDarum?  52.  IDie  antroortet  ber  Hid?ter?  53.  IDie  finb  bie 
§eiten  jet5t  ?  54..  IDas  tat  ber  2Jpotbefer,  als  ber  Pfarrer  tocher 
311  fpred?en  geneigt  roar?  55.  IDo  toill  er  bin?  IDarum? 
56.  IDo  fud?te  er  ?  57.  !DeId?e  ^ortfd?ritte  bat  bie  Ranblung  in 
biefem  (5efange  gemad?t?  58.  IDeId?e  neuen  <£baraftere  cr= 
fd?einen?  59.  IDeId?e  neuen  (Segenben  feben  totr  ? 


274  APPENDIX   G 


Canto  VI. 
Secbfter  (Sefang. 

(Lines  1-19)  \.  IPte  lange  rfaben  bie  Dcrtrtcbencn  gelitten  ? 
2.  JDarum  fyaben  fie  fcbonc  £?offnungen  gebabt?  3.  Was  baben 
bie  ^ratijofen  3ucrft  rerfprod?en  ?  n.  Was  boffte  jeber  bann? 
5.  Jfobin  fd?aiitcn  alle  DoIFcr  ?  6.  IPie  bieg  btc  Bauptftabt  ber 
IPelt  ?  T.  *W\e  beigt  fie  jctjt  ?  8.  *H?ie  beifct  bie  Bauptftabt 
3bires  £anbes  ?  3bres  Staates  ?  9.  IPer  tDaren  bie  erften 
Derfiinber  ber  Botfctyaft?  10.  IPas  roar  bicfe  Botfcbaft? 

(Lines  20-53)  \\.  IPann  begann  ber  Krieg  ?  \2.  Was  bmfy 
ten  bie  erften  ^ran3ofen  ?  lt)arum  ?  \3.  Was  roaren  bte  Baume 
ber  ^reifyeit?  (See  note  to  Canto  VI,  line  24.)  \%.  Wie  ge- 
roannen  bie  ^ranjofen  bie  2Ttanner  ?  Die  ^raucn  ?  15.  IParum 
t»ar  ber  Drurf  bcs  Krieges  Iciest  ?  \<*.  Befcbreiben  5ie  bie  ^ rcube 
biefer  §eit.  \~.  Dauertc  fie  lattge?  IParum  nid?t?  \8.  Wie 
ging  es  bann?  IParum?  19.  21uf  rocffen  Scite  roenbete  fid? 
bas  (Sliicf  ?  20.  Was  tat  ber  ^rartjofe  ? 

(Lines  54-117)  21.  ZPasfiiblten  bie  Peutfdpen  jetjt?  IDarum? 
22.  lt>ie  banbelte  ber  Sieger?  Per  vfliicbtige?  23.  Wic  crbob 
fid?  bie  rad?enbc  Wnt  ber  Dcutfd?en?  IParum?  24.  IDclAe 
U?affen  braud?tcn  fie?  IDarum?  25.  IDie  rjanbeltcn  fie? 
26.  Was  fragt  ber  Pfarrcr  bann  ?  2:.  Was  tun  bie  Hot  unb  bie 
(Sefabr  oft?  28.  IDelcfye  fd?oncn  IPirfungen  ber  (Scfabr  bat  ber 
Hid? ter  in  biefen  dagen  gefetjen  ?  29.  IDcId?er  fd?onen  dat  er= 
rodent  er  t»or  alien  ?  It)arum  ?  30.  JDelcbcr  nciie  gug  im 
Cbarafter  ber  f^elbin  roirb  baburd?  ge3etgt  ? 

(Lines  118-158)  3^  Was  boffte  ber  pfarrer  bann  ?  32.  IDer 
trat  aber  bcrbet,  ebe  er  fragen  fonnte?  33.  Was  fagte  er 
bem  pfarrer?  3^.  tt?er  follte  mit  ibnen  get^en?  IDarum? 
35.  IDarum  ift  ber  Hid?ter  nid?t  mitgegangen  ?  36.  Was  tat 
Dorothea,  als  fie  tjeranFamcn  ?  37.  Pcrgleicben  Sie  biefcs  Bilb 
mit  ber  (5efd?id?te  bes  Kid?ters.  38.  *U?arum  toieberbolt  ber 
Did?ter  bie  Befd?reibung  bcs  !Tla'bd?ens?  (See  Appendix  E, 
e,  page  249.)  39.  IPie  beurteilte  ber  Pfarrer  bas  IUabd?en? 
^o.  IDarum  follte  fjcrmann  fid?  freuen  ? 


APPENDIX   Q  275 


(Lines  159-218)  n\.  IParum  roar  ber  2lpotbeFcr  bod?  nid?t  fo 
fid?er  baruber?  42.  IDas  toolltc  cr  nod?  tun?  JDarum? 
43.  IPcr  Fam  bte  Strafe  roieber  fycrauf?  44.  IPas  fagte  er 
iiber  bas  rRabd?en  ?  45.  H?as  erfafyren  nnr  iibcr  ifyr  friibercs 
£cben?  46.  H?tc  fyat  ttjr  Srdutigam  feinen  CEob  gcfunbcn? 

47.  tt?as  gab  i)er  Pfarrcr  f>cm  Htdjtcr,  als  fie  fcfyteben  ?    IParum  ? 

48.  IParum  roetgcrtc  fid?  bcr  Jltd^ter  cs  anjUttc^mctt  ?      49.  fjattc 
bcr  Jlpot^cFcr  aud?  ctroas  3U  gcbcn?    IDas?      50.   tParum  309 
ibn  ber  pfarrcr  jctjt  binroeg? 

(Lines  219-294)     5^   Wo    uitb    roic    fanbcn    ftc    ^ermann  ? 

52.  xfreute  cr  ftd>  febr  iiber  bie  gute  ZTad?rtd?t?     IDarum  ntd?t? 

53.  Was  fiirdjtcte  er?      54.  W\c  baben  bte  £eute  in  frii^ercn 
§citcn  gefrcit?      55.  J#as  bebcuten  bie  IDorte  ,,einen  Kerb  be= 
fdieren"  ?       56.  IDolIte  ber  2IpotbcFcr    felbft   als  ^rciersmann 
gcben  ?    Ifarum  ?     57.  H?as  bat  fid?  fjermann  abcr  cntfd^Ioffen  ? 
IParum?      58.  Was  follen  bie  ^freunbe  bann  tun?    IDarum? 
59.   tt)ie  roirb   er  nad?  Baiife   fommcn  ?     lt)arum  ?      60.   U?er 
follte  btc  pferbc  nad?  Baufc  Icnfen  ? 

(Lines  295-313)  61.  IDarum  saubertc  ber  Jlpotbefer  ?  62.  H?as 
oertraute  er  bem  ^reunbe  gcrne  ?  Ifarum  nid?t  £eib  unb  Sein  ? 

63.  Wo  bat  ber  pfarrer  cs  gelernt,  Pferbe  unb  IPagcn  3U  lenfen  ? 

64.  U?ie   fi^t   ber   Had?bar   aber   im   JDagen  ?        65.    IDarum 
rannten  bie  Pferbe  fo  nad?  Baufe?      66.  (Sing  ^ermann  aud? 
gleid?  fort?    tParum  nid?t?      67.   €r3ablen  Sie  bie  ^ortfd?ritte, 
bie  bie  fjanblung  in  biefem  (Sefange  gemad^t  ^at.       68.   Was 
rotffen  roir  ZTeues  iiber  bie  (EtyaraFtere  ? 

Canto  VII. 
Siebenter  (5efang. 

(Lines  1-36)  \.  W\e  ift  es  cittern  IDanbrer,  toenn  cr  in  bie 
Sonne  fd?aut  unb  bann  fdjnell  ins  (Sebiifd?  ?  2.  Dergleid?en  Sie 
Bcrmann  mit  fo  einem  ITlenfdien.  5.  IDarum  fubr  er  aus  fcinem 
(Iraum  auf?  4.  IPen  fab  er?  5.  Wie  fd?ritt  fie  babin? 
IPas  b^ielt  fie  ?  6.  lt>ie  ging  cr  itjr  entgegen  ?  IParum  ? 
7.  ZDarum  glaubt  er,  ba§  fie  fo  roeit  gefommen  ift,  um  IPaffer  3u 


276  APPENDIX   G 


bolen  ?  8.  IPte  empftng  fie  fjermann  ?  JParum  ?  9.  lUarum 
ift  fie  gefommen?  \o.  Wie  roar  bas  IPaffer  im  Dorfc?  I0ar= 
um? 

(Lines  37-93)  \\.  IDobjn  gelattgten  beibc  cnblidi  ?  12.  Ken= 
nen  a>ir  biefen  (Drt  fd?on  ?  is.  Wo  ftnbcn  unr  bie  23efd?reibung 
bapon?  i<fc.  23efd?reibcn  Sic  bic  S3cne  am  Brunncn.  1 5.  IP  as 
fragt  Dorothea  enbltd?  ?  \6.  IParum  fonnte  Hermann  jucrft 
nid?t  antmorten  ?  ^7.  tt?as  fagt  cr  thr  bann  ?  Wif  ?  \s.  IPas 
beforgt  I^ermann  ?  Per  Pater?  IHe  mutter?  19.  IPas  triinfcbt 
bie  HTutter  fci?on  lange  ?  20.  3ft  Dorothea  bamit  ^ufrteocn,  als 
ITtagb  in  Hermanns  Daters  ^aus  311  gcheu  ?  IParum  ? 

(Lines  94-113)     2\.   Pott  tDCtn  mug  Bcrmann  fie  aber  crft  emp= 
fangen  ?     22.  IPie  t^orte  fjcrmann  i^ren  <£utfcr/lufj  ?     23. 
iiber   3tpeifelte   er   aber?      2^.  H?as   erbjOfyte   feinen 

25.  JParum  tpolltc  Dorothea  uid^t  langer  am  Brimnen  rerrDcilcti  ? 

26.  (5ing  fie  genie?    IDarum  nic^t?       27.  Was  tat  fie  aber 
bann?      28.  Was  cerlangte  Bcrmann?      29.  IParum  trug  er 
beibe  Kriige  nicfyt?      30.   *3ft  bas  anbers  bci  uns  ? 

(Lines  114-153)  3J.  Was  glaubt  Dorothea,  fei  bie  Befttmmung 
etner  ^rau?  32.  Soil  bie  ^rau  immer  nur  biencn?  33.  Wie 
gelangt  fie  enblicty  jum  Berrfd^en  ?  3^-.  ITem  bient  bie  £cbtr>efter  ? 
35.  Was  tut  eine  tiicfytige  ^rau  ?  36.  IDohin  finb  bie  beibcn 
enblid?  gefommen?  37.  £Dcn  fanbcn  fie  ba?  38.  IDie  emp= 
ftngen  bie  Kinber  bas  ITta'bcben  ?  59.  Was  fagte  Dorothea  ben 
^reunben  enbli«i??  40.  Ifarum  roollte  fie  gehcn  ? 

(Lines  154-202)  ^\.  IPie  lobt  fie  Bermann  unb  feinc  <£ltern? 
^2.  H?cm  banft  fie  bcfonbers  ?  IParum  ?  ^5.  IPas  fagt  bcr 
Hicbtcr  inbeffen  3U  I^ermann  ?  ^.  Wcr  Famen  aud)  heran? 
^5.  IPas  perfprad^cn  fie  bcr  franfen  ^rau  ?  46.  H?as  baditen 
bie  anberen  ^rauert  bci  ficb?  47.  IDarum  roollte  liermann  cilcn? 
48.  IPas  taten  bie  Kinber,  als  Dorothea  fort  roollte?  49.  Was 
perfprad^cn  bie  IPeiber  ben  Kinbern  bann  ?  50.  £DeKt>e  ^ort= 
fd?ritte  bat  bie  Battblung  in  biefem  <5efange  gcmadit  ?  5i.  IDas 
tciffen  n?ir  tpeiter  iiber  ben  (£haraftcr  (a)  bcs  Belben  unb  (b)  bcr 
fjclbin? 


APPENDIX   O  277 


Canto  VIII. 

2Jd?tcr  (Sefang. 

(Lines  1-36)  {.  IPic  fab,  ber  £?immel  aus,  als  bic  beiben 
nad?  £?aufe  gingen  ?  2.  Was  furd?tctc  fjermann  ?  IParum  ? 
3.  IPoriiber  frcuten  fid?  beibe  ?  4.  IPas  roollte  Dorothea  suerft 
tDtffcn  ?  IParurrt  ?  5.  IPie  fommt  bas  Ejermann  r»or  ?  6.  23e= 
fricbigt  er  bie  IHutter  ?  IParum?  ~.  IParum  befrtebigt  er  ben 
Pater  md?t?  8.  dabelt  Bermann  ben  Pater  getpofynltd?  ? 
IParum  nid?t?  9.  IPantm  tut  er  es  jetjt?  \o.  IPas  fiir 
eincn  Ptener  cerlangt  bcr  Pater  ? 

(Lines  37-70)  \\.  IParum  l^offt  Porotrjea  bctbc  3ufrteben  511 
ftellen?  \2.  Pon  roem  r;at  fie  biefe  Roflid^fctt  gelernt  ?  \3.  IPte 
begcgneten  btc  Kinbcr  gcnjobnltd^  ben  (Eltcrn?  \^.  IPas  tuill 
Dorothea  bann  tpiffcn  ?  \r>.  lPor;tn  finb  fie  eben  gelangt? 
^6.  IPic  roar  ber  2tbenb?  \7.  IParum  freute  fid?  ^crmann? 
^8.  IPic  foil  Dorothea  trjm  begegnen?  ^9.  IPte  fam  I>orotr(een 
bicfer  2tbenb  ror?  IParum?  20.  IPas  Fonntc  fie  fer;en  ? 

(Lines  71-98)  21.  IPas  fagte  Bcrmann  iiber  feme  IPotmuttg? 
liber  bte  (fclbcr?  22.  IParum  mutton  fie  etlen?  23.  Be= 
fd^reiben  Sic  ben  (Sang  burd?  bas  ^elb  unb  ben  (Sartcn.  2$.  IPas 
gefd?ar(,  als  fie  bie  plattcn  rftnutttcr  gtngen?  25.  IPas  bebcutet 
es,  rocnn  einem  bcr  $n$  htacf t  nid^t  ir»eit  r»on  ber  Sdirocllc  ? 
26.  IPas  r;a'tte  fid?  Dorothea  gen>iinfd>t?  27.  IParnrn  roill  fie 
ein  tr>enig  rteru)Ctlen  ? 

Canto  IX. 
Heunter  (Sefang. 

(Lines  1-53)     \.  IPas  erbittet  ber  Did?ter  ron  ben  ITlufen? 

2.  *(Sefdjtcr!t  es  oft,  ba^  ber  Did?ter  fid?  an  bie  Ulufcn  roenbet? 
Hentten  Sie  einige  Stelle.     (See  note  to  Canto  IX,  lines  1-5.) 

3.  IPas  tat  bie  OTuttcr  inbcffcn  ?    IParum  ?      4.  IParum  tabeltc 
fie    bie    ^rcunbc?       5.  IPas    fagte    ber    Pater  bann?     IPte? 

6.  !PeId?c    (Srtnncrung    lodHc  bas   bei  bent  2Ipotr;eFer  horror? 

7.  IPie  hat  ber  Pater  bcm  Knaben  jebes  ^dsd?en  ber  llngcbulb 


278  APPENDIX   G 


ausgeriffen?  8.  (8ibt  ber  pfarrer  bern  Pater  rectyt?  IParum 
nid?t?  9.  IPie  ftebt  ber  £ob  bem  IPeifen?  Dem  ^rommen? 
10.  *!PeId?cn  bebcutenben  (Sebraud?  rourbc  von  ben  IPorten  bes 
Pfarrers  gcmad?t?  (See  note  to  Canto  IX,  lines  45-53.) 

(Lines  54-86)  \\.  IPte  rourben  bicfe  traurigen  Bilber  ver- 
fd?eud?t  ?  \2.  IPoriiber  erftauntcn  bic  €Itcrn  unb  bte  vf reunbe  ? 
J3.  IPie  ftellte  Bermann  bem  Dater  bas  Ulabd^cn  ror  ?  Dcr 
irmtter?  w.  ibie  fiibrte  er  ben  Pfarrer  betfette?  IParum? 
\5.  IPte  glaubte  bas  niabctyen  ins  fjaus  311  fommcn  ?  \<>.  W\e 
tpollte  fjcrmann  fie  fommen  fcben  ?  IDarum  ?  jr.  IPobiird? 
tt»ar  bie  Seele  bes  iTla'bd?ens  fd?on  getriibt?  is.  IPas  battc 
ber  Dater  gefagt  ?  19.  (Sefiel  i^m  bas  JTtabd^en  ?  IParum  ? 
20.  n?ie  roar  es  ^ermann,  als  er  btc  IDorte  l^orte? 

(Lines  87-132)  2[.  tt?te  nabm  bas  ITfa'bdjcn  btc  IPorte  an? 
22.  IDas  fagte  fie  barauf  ?  IPte  ?  §u  tpem  ?  23.  IPas  roar  bas 
Derbaltnis  bes  IHabd?ens  311  ben  reid?en  €Itern?  ^iiblte  fie  bas? 
2^.  H?as  tat  i^ermann  bann  ?  If  arum  ?  25.  lt?arum  roollte 
ber  Pfarrer  bie  Perroirrung  ntd?t  gletd?  lofen  ?  26.  IDas  fagte 
er,  um  bas  ITTabd^en  311  priifen  ?  27.  It)as  finb  bie  Pflid^ten 
einer  ITtagb?  28.  Sd?ien  Dorothea  311  allebcm  gefd?idit  311 
fein?  IDarum  nid?t?  29.  IPas  fommt  bod?  mit  einem  Hla'bd^en 
ofters  oor?  30.  H>ie  3eigte  bas  IHabd^en,  bag  fie  bie  trejfenbe 
Hebe  fiiblte  ? 

(Lines  133-177)  3J.  Was  Fann  ber  cerftanbige,  gliirflid?e 
ITtann  ntd?t  tun  ?  IParum  ?  32.  IDas  roollte  Dorothea  jetjt 
tun  ?  IParum  ?  53.  H?as  roollte  fie  aber  3uerft  bcfennen  ? 
3^.  H?arum  fyat  bes  Paters  Spott  fie  fo  ticf  getroffen  ?  35.  IPie 
lange  ^at  fie  bie  Jleigung  gum  3un9lin9  gebegt?  36.  H>as  Der= 
meb^rte  btefe  Heigung  ?  37.  IPas  bat  fie  ^eimlid?  gebad?t? 
38.  IPeld^e  (Sefabr  falj  fie  aber  cnblid?  ?  39.  JDeldien  (£ntfd?luf5 
fagte  fie  bann  ?  40.  IPas  Fonnte  fie  jet}t  nid?t  longer  im  Baufc 
balten?  IParum  ntd?t? 

(Lines  178-205)  ^\.  Wotyn  roollte  fie  geben  ?  42.  ZPas  tat 
fie,  als  fie  fo  fprad?  ?  43.  IPer  fyielt  fie  aber  3uriirf  ?  in.  Was 
fagte  fie  ?  ^5.  IPie  roar  es  aber  bcm  Pater  ?  46.  IPas  Fonnte 
er  gar  nid?t  leiben  ?  ^7.  IPas  roollte  er  tun  ?  48.  IPer  bielt 


APPENDIX   G  279 


49.  tfcr  nabm  bie  Sd?ulb  fiir  allcs?  50.  tt)en 
forbertc  er  311  rcbcrt  auf  ?  IDarum  ? 

(Lines  206-247)  5\.  IDarum  l^atte  ber  Pfarrcr  bas  ITta'bd?en 
porter  fo  gerei3t?  52.  Was  nutate  fjermamt  felbft  tun? 
53.  IPas  fagte  er  jetjt?  5^.  Wat  Dorothea  3ufrieben  als  Braut 
im  f^aufc  511  blcibcn  ?  55.  Wic  oerfotmte  fie  fid?  mtt  bem  Pater? 
56.  Was  pcrfprad?  fie  ibm  ?  57.  EDofyer  b^oltc  ber  Pfarrcr  bie 
Hinge  311  ber  Derlobung?  58.  Was  tat  er  bamit?  59.  £Der 
n>ar  ber  §euge  311  ber  Perlobung  ?  60.  *IX)erbcn  £eute  aud?  fo 
bci  tins  rcrlobt? 

(Lines  248-317)  6\.  Was  erblicfte  ber  pfarrer  an  ber  f}anb 
bcs  ITfabd^cns  ?  62.  ID  arum  fragte  er  bas  JTta'bd^en  banad?? 

63.  ^rsatjlen  Sie  btc  (Scfd?id?te  Don  Dorotbeens  erftem  Brauttgam. 

64.  Wo  fyatte  ber  pfarrer  biefe  (Sefd?td/te  fdpon  ge^ort?      65.  2X>ie 
nat^tn  fjertnann  btefc  IDorte  an  ?      66.  £Do3u  tpeirjt  fid?  fjermann 
am  €nbe  bes  (Sebid?ts?      67.  lt?te  otrb  bas  gait3e  (Sebid?t  ba^ 
burd?  erbjO^t?       68.  Was  bat  biefe  grofje  Deranberung  in  £^er= 
mann  gemirft?      69.  Kottnen  u?ir  alfo  glauben,  bafj  er  in  ber 
gufunft  ein  r»cranbertcr  IHcnfd?  fein  roirb?      70.  Was  fonnten 
toir  bann  ben  Kern  bes  (Sebid?ts  nennen  ?     (See  note  to  Canto  V, 
line  76.) 

General  Questions  on  the  Meter. 
2nigemcine  ^ragen  iiber  bas  Dersmafj. 

I  Was  fiir  cin  (5ebid?t  ift  biefes  ?  (See  Appendix  E,  of,  pages 
246-247.)  2.  3n  t»eld?em  Dcrsmag  ift  es  gefd?rieben  ?  (See  Ap- 
pendix E,  /,  (2),  page  256.)  3.  IPclctye  anberen  gro§cn  (5ebid?te 
ftnb  im  felben  Dersma§  gefd?rieben  ?  (See  Appendix  B,  d,  page  215, 
also  E,  /,  (2),  page  256.)  IPcId?e  finb  antif  ?  rt>cld?e  mobern? 
4.  IPas  ift  ber  Hnterfd?ieb  3a>ifd?en  bem  antifen  unb  bem  mobernen 
^eramcter  ?  (See  Appendix  E,  /,  (1),  page  253.)  5.  IDeldpen  an= 
tifen  Pid?tcrn  folgte  (Seethe  als  ^iib^rer?  (See  Appendix  C,  c, 
page  225  and  Appendix  E, /,  (2),  page  252.)  lPcld?en  mobernen? 
6.  rDeld?e  Kenner  bes  Dersmaftes  b^alfen  itmt  bet  ber  Henifion  ? 
(See  Appendix  E,  c,  page  245.)  7.  21us  nnemelen  ^iigen  be= 
ftel^t  ein  Ejejameter  Dcrs?  (See  Appendix  E,  /,  (2),  page  256.) 


280  APPENDIX   G 


8.  tt)eld?e  ^iifje  gebraud?t  ber  Z)id?ter  tin  Berameter?  (See  Ap- 
pendix E, /,  (2),  page  256.)  9.  Was  ift  ein  Sponocus?  <£in 
Daftvlus  ?  <£in  (Erod?aus  ?  10.  tt?as  ift  ein  fponbetfdicr 
Berameter  ?  (See  Appendix  E,  /,  (2),  page  256.)  <£tn  baftvli= 
fd^cr  ?  ^tnbcn  Sic  Beifpiele  barton.  IPcldjcr  ift  ber  gcroolmlid^e  ? 
\\.  Was  ift  bie  da'fur?  (See  Appendix  E,  /,  (2),  page  256.) 
(Sine  mdnnlid^e?  £ine  n>cibltd?e?  [2.  IDiem'ele  da'furcn  Fattn 
man  in  cittern  Derfc  haben?  \s.  IDo  fallt  bic  dafur  gcroohn^ 
lid??  ^.  IPo  fann  fie  nod?  fallen?  lo.  lt)as  mug  bcr  Did?ter, 
bes  Dersmages  tcegen,  nut  ben  IPortern  oftcrs  tun  ?  (See  Ap- 
pendix E,  e,  pages  248-251.)  JG.  JDann  ftnben  n?tr  bie  crftcn 
fjerameter  in  ber  beutfd?en  Did?tung?  (See  Appendix  E, /,  (1), 
page  252.)  \~.  Was  finb  bie  Derbienfte  rott  ©pit,  utn  ben  beutfd?cn 
i7erameter  ?  (See  Appendix  E,  /,  (1),  page  253.)  Don  (5ottfd?eb  ? 
Don  Klopftocf  ?  Don  Do§  ?  Don  (Socttye  ?  is.  IDer  roar  ,,ber 
Dater"  bes  mobernen  beutfdien  Berameters  ?  19.  3n  tocldjem 
grofjen  (Sebidjte  r;at  Klopftocf  .^tterft  ben  fieramctcr  pcrtDenbct? 
20.  H?ie  fteht  Hermann  und  Dorothea  uttter  ben  grogctt  cpifd^en 
(Sebic^ten  ber  IDelt  ?  (See  Appendix  B,  6,  and  c,  pages  212-215.) 

General  Questions  on  the  Text. 
2IlIgemeine  ^ragen  iiber  ben  <Icrt. 

\.  IDeld?e  (Sefditdjte  roar  <5oett|es  bebeutenbfte  Quclle?  (See 
Appendix  C,  a,  page  217  ff.)  2.  Bat  er  benfelben  Bintergrunb 
gebraudjt?  IDarutn  nid?t?  (See  Appendix  C,  a,  page  222.) 
3.  Was  bilbet  ben  ^tntcrgrunb  ber  (5efd?iditc?  (See  Appendix 
D,  a,  page  232.)  4.  IDann  gefd?ab  biefc  Kcrolution  ?  5.  IDas 
hat  (Soethe  in  biefer  §cit  felbft  erfahren  unb  erlebt  ?  (See  Appen- 
dix C,  6,  page  223.)  6.  ^inben  roir  anbere  geugniffe,  ba§  Her- 
mann und  Dorothea  aud?  ein  ,,Brud?ftiicf  einer  gro§cn  Konfef= 
fton"  ift?  ZTennen  Sie  einige.  (See  Appendix  C,  e,  page  230.) 
1.  tt?eld?en  <£infui§  fatten  bie  Did?ter  Klopftocf  unb  Do§  auf 
(Soetrje?  (See  Appendix  E, /,  (1),  page  254.)  Berber?  (See 
Einleitung,  page  xv.)  Sd?iller?  (See  Einleitung,  page  xxiii.) 
8.  IDann  fiing  (Soetrje  an  bicfcs  (Sebid^t  3u  fd?rctben?  (See 


APPENDIX   G  281 


Appendix  E,   a,   page  237.)       9.   IDie   lange   fd?rieb  cr  baran? 
\o.  Scfyrteb  cr  lange  <5ebtd?te  oft  in  fo  Fur3er  §eit? 

\\.  IDas  ift  fcin  grofitcs  IPerf  ?  (See  Appendix  E,  a,  page  237.) 
J2.  tt)tc  langc  arbettete  er  baran?  ^3.  3n  tt>eld?em  3a^re 
erfd^ten  Hermann  und  Dorothea  ?  (See  Appendix  E,  6,  page  243.) 
3n  rocldjcr  ^orm  ?  ^.  JX>ic  l|at  (Socthc  bas  (5cbid?t  immcr  bc= 
trad?tet?  (See  Appendix  B,  a,  page  211.)  jo.  JPie  baben  bic 
gcitgcnoffen  es  aufgenommen?  (See  Appendix  B,  6,  page  211.) 
Die  £cutc  ber  gegentotirtigcn  §cit  ?  (See  Appendix  B,  c,  page  214.) 


APPENDIX   H. 


Exercises. 
iifmngen. 

INTRODUCTION. 

The  exercises  are  based  upon  the  text  and  are  designed  to  review 
the  principal  grammatical  features  of  the  text  and  to  give  systematic 
drill  on  syntax. 

Each  exercise  covers  about  one  hundred  lines  of  the  text,  as 
indicated  by  the  figures  at  the  beginning.  All  material  used  in 
the  exercise  is  taken  from  the  corresponding  section  of  the  text, 
where  all  words  needed  for  the  translations  from  English  to  Ger- 
man will  be  found. 

No  grammar  rules  are  stated,  since  students  have  already  learned 
these  rules  and  have  grammars  for  reference.  At  the  beginning  of 
each  exercise,  however,  there  are  two  special  features  of  syntax, 
which  are  to  be  drilled  in  that  section.  These  are  printed  in  dif- 
ferent type  to  make  them  stand  out  clearly,  and  examples  of  them 
in  the  first  section  of  each  exercise  are  printed  in  the  same  type. 
The  exercises  are  not  meant  to  be  exhaustive. 

Each  exercise  also  contains  material  for  a  systematic  study  of 
word  structure.  It  is  a  good  plan  for  students  to  keep  a  notebook 
for  this  work  and  to  carry  out  the  study  systematically.  Helpful 
suggestions  will  be  found  in  Thomas's  Practical  German  Grammar 
(New  York,  1905)  and  Hastings'  Studies  in  German  Words 
(Boston,  1911). 

282 


APPENDIX  H 


283 


Grammatical  terms  not  included  in  the  general  vocabulary  are 


explained  below  : 

ber  2(bfnut,  -s,  -e,  change  of 

stem  vowel. 

bas  9lbjefti»,  -s,  -e,  adjective. 
bas  s3lbDerb,  -s,  -ten,  adverb. 
ber  9tffufati»,  -s,  -e,  accusative 

case. 

bas  9lftttt,  -s,  -a,  active  voice. 
ber  9lrttfel,  -s,  —  ,  article. 
ber   Sebtugmtggfflij,     -es,    "e, 

conditional  sentence. 
beiorbttcnb,  coordinating. 
bas    SBetttJort,    -s,    "er,    adjec- 

tive. 

befttmmt,  definite. 
befifctwseigenb,  possessive. 
bejett^neu,  indicate,  designate. 
bepgttrf),  relative. 
bas    SBtttbettJort,   -s,    "er,  con- 

junction. 

ber  Satin,  -s,  -c,  dative  case. 
beftttttereit,  decline. 
biteft,  direct. 

bte  (vnbmtfl,  —  ,  -en,  ending. 
crgonsctt,  complete,  fill  in. 
bas   @3=$er&f  -s,  -en,  imper- 

sonal verb. 

bic  Jyrnflc,  —  ,  -n,  question. 
bas  Jyitnuort,  -s,  "er,  pronoun. 
bcr  6Jentctnfrf)aft§befel)I,  -s,  -e, 

polite  command. 
fcer    C*)Citittu,   -s,   -e,    genitive 

case. 


e,  normal,  regular. 
Ijaitftg,  frequently. 


bte  ^auptform,  — ,  -en,  prin- 
cipal part  of  a  verb. 

ber  $aitptf(Hj,  -es,  "e,  main 
clause. 

bas  ^aitptttJort,  -s.  "er,  noun. 

bas  ^>Uf3uerbf  -s,  -en,  auxiliary 
verb. 

bas  .fuff^etttoort,  -s,  "er,  aux- 
iliary verb. 

ber  $mperatil>,  -s,  -e,  imper- 
ative mood;  ^mpcvntiu  Son= 
juittttu,  hortatory  subjunctive. 

bte  Sntperatiwform,  _;  _cn/ 
form  of  the  imperative. 

ber  3>ttbtfattt>,  -s,  -e,  indicative 
mood. 

ittbtreft,  indirect. 

ber  ^ttfi'utitt,  -s/  _e,  infinitive. 

bte  ^omparattoit,  — ,  -en,  com- 
parison. 

foitjugteren,  conjugate. 

bte  $0ttjuttfttonf  — ,  -en,  con- 
junction. 

ber  Sottjunftitt,  -s,  -e,  subjunc- 
tive mood. 

foorbitttcrenb,  coordinating. 

bic  SKeljrjab,!,  — ,  plural. 

moba(,  modal. 

bie  9?a«^ftlbc,  — ,  -n,  suffix. 

ber  9iebcnfatjf  -es,  "e,  depend- 
ent clause. 

nebeitfotjftd),  dependent. 

ber  9Jomtnatiti,  -s,  -e,  nomina- 
tive case. 


284 


APPENDIX   H 


bas  Dbjeft,  -s,  -e,  object. 

bcr  Cptntiii,  -s,  -c,  optative  sub- 
junctive. 

bas  ^JafftD,  -s,  -a,  passive  voice. 

poffcfftD,  possessive. 

Me  IjJrapflfUum,  — ,  -en,  prepo- 
sition. 

bas  ^rouomett,  -s,  -iua,  pro- 
noun. 

Me  SRebe,  — ,  -n,  discourse. 

reflcjitt,  reflexive. 

rclotitt,  relative. 

fodjHd),  neuter. 

ber  ®0^,  -cs,  *e,  sentence, 
clause. 

ftetgertt,  compare  (adjectives, 
adverbs). 

Me  Stetgeruttfl,  — ,  -en,  com- 
parison. 

fuborbtmerenb,  subordinating. 

bas  ©ubftantiw,  -s,  -e,  noun. 

ber  ©ubftitut,  -en,  -en,  substi- 
tute. 

Me  StynopflS,  — ,  -pfen,  synopsis. 

&as  iljciita,  -s,  -s  or -en,  theme 
subject. 

tronfttit),  transitive. 


trcnnbnr,  separable. 

iibcrfc^en,  translate. 

ber  Umlaut,  -s,  -e,  umlaut,  *. 

i>as  Umftnub^niort,  -s,  "er,  ad- 
verb. 

itngerabe,  inverted. 

uutcrorimcnb,  subordinating. 

uutrcnitbar,  inseparable. 

bas  SBcrb,  -s,  -en,  verb. 

bcr  Scrbftamm,  -s,  "e,  verb  stem 
or  root. 

ocrroanbcdi,  change. 

bte  Sorftlbe,  — ,  -n,  prefix. 

bas  Sortoort,  -s,  "er,  preposi- 
tion. 

Me  2Biei>erb,olung,  — ,  -en,  re- 
view, repetition. 

Me  3Bortbilbmtg,  — ,  -en,  word 
formation  or  structure. 

Me  SBortfofge,  — ,  -n,  word  order. 

5.  SB.,  3iim  Beifpiel,  for  ex- 
ample. 

Me  Bdle,  — ,  -n,  line. 

Me  ^dtfortn,  — ,  -en,  tense. 

bas  3dtwortr  -s,  *er,  verb. 

bcr  SeUttJortftamm,  -s,  "e,  verb 
stem  or  root. 


Exercise  1.  —  Canto  I,  Lines  1-101. 


6Jcrttbe  unb  ungerabe  SBortfoIge.    Per  11  o  m  i  n  a  1 1  v. 


1.  (Seben  Ste  bte  @tjnopft§  t>on:  (a)  933ir  brtngen  bte 
Herein.  (6)  Sebr  gut  nimmt  bo§  ftfitfiftdjen  fid?  au§.  (c)  (Ereflf= 
lid?  b,aft  bu  ger;anbelt,  o  ^rau.  (d)  Der  £eid?tftnn  ift  ctn 
froh^er  <Sefab.rte.  (e)  H?ot]I,  id?  trug  i^n  ntd?t  meljr. 


APPENDIX  H  285 


2.  ©rgonseu  Sic  mtt  ,,filjen"  ober  ,,fi<^  fetjeit"  unb  geben  Sic  bie 

@l)HOpfi§  von:  (a)  Pier  ITTdnner in  bcm  Mtfd?d?en,  unb  auf 

bem  Borfe bcr  Kutfctycr.     (ft)  Per  IPirt  unb  feinc  ^rau  — 

untcr  bem  (lore  bes  £?aufes.    (c)  Pas  traulid?e  paar unter 

ben  (Eoru>eg.     (d)   Die  ^reunbe  -  -  auf  bie  fyo^ernen  BanFe. 
(e) bid?  auf  bie  Ban?. 

3.  SBortbtttmng :  Purd?  bie  Itadrfilben  -ig,  -Hffy,  unb  -tfrf)  btlbet 
man  Bctmortcr  (ilbjeftipe)  unb  UmftanbstDorter  (2tb= 
rerbtcn)  aus  ^auptujortern  (Subftantioen),  §eitu?or= 
tern    (Derbcn),    unb    23ein>6rtcrn    (2Ibjef ttoen),    jum 
Beifpiel:  bic  Xraucr  —  trottrig;  ba^  GJIiief  —  gliirffidj;  bn§  Dftin= 
iiicn  —  oftiubifrfj. 

(a)  SBilbeit  Sic  foldje  mit  -ig  aus:  bie  ITeugier,  bie  <£<fe,  ^eute, 
bcr  JDinb,  bic  £uft,  bcr  £eid?tfinn,  ber  Derftanb    (c),  bic  Dcr= 
nunft  (a),  bcr  ^let§,  gut  (");  mit  -lid)  aus:  arm  (*),  flug  (-),  ber 
IHenfd?,  bic  Sad?e  (*),  bas  fjaus  ("),  bcr  Pater  (a),  frotj  (tt),  ber 
£Eob  (E),  bcr  Utann  ("),  bie  Sdjrift,  bie  Hatur  ("),  neu,  bic  <Se= 
fatjr  ("),  bas  3al]r  (*);  mit  -ifd)  aus:  bie  Stabt  ("),  bas  Kinb,  bic 
IHobe,  bas  IPeib,  bcr  Derbred?cr. 

(b)  ^iniictt  Sic  fold?e  Beiroorter  (2Ibjeftit?e)  im  Certc  unb  er= 
FKiren  Sic  biefelben. 

4.  Uicrfc^en  Sie:    (a)    A  good    boy    becomes  a  good  man. 
(/>)  Man,  you  must  forgive  me.     (c)  Dusty  are  the  shoes  and  hot 
the  faces,     (d)  Plentiful  is  the  harvest  and  overripe  the  grain, 
(e)  In  an  open  carriage   the  merchant  was  returning  with  his 
daughters. 

Exercise  2.  — Canto  I,  Lines  102-213. 


9JebenfaljHrf|e  9Bortfo(ge.    Pas  birefte  ©bjeft. 


1.  (Sebcn  Sie  bie  @l)uopfi3  r>on  :  (a)  Sd?on  con  feme  fatjen  tmr 
ben  Staub,  cbc  ttiir  bie  tt?tefcn  abroarts  lomcn.  (6)  Pie 
(5cfabr  nimmt  bcm  ITtenfdjen  alle  Beftnnung,  fo  ba§  cr  bas 
deure  priirflo^t.  (c)  ITT  id?  fd^mer^t  ber  ^nblid5  bes  3ammcrs. 
00  rPcnn  bic  ITTutter  uns  cin  (5Ia'sd?en  bringt,  oertreibcn  tmr 


286  APPENDIX  H 


bie  (Srtllen.    (e)  So  umgaben  bie  brei  ben  gldnjcnb  gebofynten, 
runben,  brauncn  (Etfcfy. 

2.  i'erbinfcen  Sic  bic    folgenben    Satje    burd?    untcrorbncnbc 
SBinberoiirter  (fuborbinierenbe  KonjunFtioncn)  :  (a)  IDir 
Fonncn  uns  nid?t  frcucn.     IDir  fyibcn  fo  graces  (£Icnb  gcfeben. 
(ft)  €tn  <5efd?rei  bcr  IPeiber  unb  Kinbcr  cntftanb.    Das  ,fubr= 
tperF  ftiirjte  in  ben  (Srabcn.    (c)  3d?  eilte  bin3u.    3d?  fcntb  bie 
KranFen   unb   Jlltcn    auf    bem    23oben.     (d)  Rter    ift    es   nid?t 
freunblid?    3u    trtnfen.      Die    ^licgcn   umfummcn    bie  (5Iafcr. 
(e)  Die  lllutter  bringt  uns    Hbeintr>ein.     IPtr    rertreiben   bie 
(SrtUen. 

3.  SBortfcUlwng :  2Ius  §  e  i  t  to  o  r  t  ft  a  m  m  e  n  (D  e  r  b  ft  a  m  m  e  n) 
bilbet  man  tocibltctye    ^auptroorter  (Subftantioe)  burcb 
bie  ttactyfilbe  -ungf  3.  B.,  ^offen  —  bie  ^offnung. 

Stlbcn  Sic  folcfye  aus :  rerfe^en,  crfa^rcn,  cr^ablcn,  rettcn, 
erroarten,  3crfd?mettern,  crquicfen,  Fleibcn,  crncuern,  pcrtrciben, 
fitjcn,  umgebcn,  forbern,  betpab,ren,  erfreuen,  befdjii^en,  bereitcn, 
3erftoren. 

4.  X^emen :  (a)  Der  §ug  ber  Dertriebencn.    (6)  Die  3uriicf= 
Fe^renben  Stabter.     (c)   Der  ITtarFtplatj  unb  feine  llmgcbung. 
(d)  Die  trier  ^reunbe :  (0   ber  IDirt,   (2)  bie  JDirtin,   (3)  ber 
Pfarrer,  (4)  ber  JlpotfyeFer. 

5.  iiberfe^cn  Sie  :  (a)  He  overloads  the  horses,  because  he  dis- 
likes so  much  to  leave  his  possessions.     (b~)  When  we  step  into  the 
cooler  room,  mother  will  bring  us  a  small  glass  of  wine,     (c)  When 
the  mother  had  brought  the  wine,  the  glasses  clinked  merrily. 
(d)  Because  God  has  so  graciously  spared  us,  he  will  also  do  so  in 
the  future,     (e)  Since  the  Lord  protects  us,  ought  we  to  despair  ? 

Exercise  3.  —  Canto  II,  Lines  1-96. 


Xrcmtbttrc  ^citwortcr.    Das  inbireFte  (DbjcFt. 


1.  (Scben  Sie  bie  ©ijnopftS  Don :  (a)  Z7un  trot  ber  t»ob.I= 
gebilbete  Sofyn  tjerein.  (6)  So  gab  mir  bie  JTtutter  cin  Biinbel. 
(c)  3d?  reid?te  tfyr  alles  unb  jebes.  (d)  H?ir  Ijaben  bie  beften 


287 


Sacfyen  jufammcnaepacEt.     (e)  in  n>dd?em  unfre  (Scmcine 

fid?  aufljott. 

2.  Grganseit  Sic  mtt  ,,liegctt"  ober  ,,Iegen"  unb  gcben  Sic  bie 

(Styttflpfte  :  (a)  Sie allcs  311  ber  Krdnflictyen  ^ii§ett.    (ft)  Das 

ncugeborcnc  Kinb ifyr  im  2Jnne.    (c)  IPtr  fyaben  bas  Biinbcl 

in  ben  iDagen .     (d)  Das  alles  n?irb  nid?t  langc  bort  . 

(e)  ITTetnc  IHuttcr  l]at  nid?t  £ctnt»anb  allctn  auf  ben  IDagcn . 

3.  393ortbittwnfl  :  Zlus  §eitn>ortfta'mmen  (Dcrbftdmmcn) 
btlbet  man  i^aupttDorter  (Subftanttce),  bie  nia'nnlidjc  per= 
fonen  beseidjncn,  burd?  bie  Had?filbe  -cr,  3-23.,  forf(f|cn  —  tier 
gforfdjcr  (cin  IHenfd?,  ber  forfeit). 

Stlbcit  Sic  fold^e  aus:  fpred^en,  fe^en,  Ijanbeln  ("),  er^a'^Ien, 
framcn  ("),  i»al)Ien,  l^orcn,  tretben,  geben,  retten,  helfen,  benfen, 
finben,  ntfcn,  Ictten,  oerfaufen  ("). 

4.  iifcerfe^eit  Sie :  (a)  We  come  out  onto  the  street,  when  the 
citizens  are  streaming  back,     (ft)  He  was  driving  along  the  new 
road,  when  a  girl  attracted  his  attention,     (c)   Hermann  gives  the 
girl  a  bundle,     (d)  I  shall  stop  in  the  village   to-night,     (e)  She 
has  handed  me  the  bread  and  the  heavy  hams. 

Exercise  4.  — Canto  II,  Lines  97-186. 


U tare tntlmrc    3citwi»rter.     Per    be(i^an3eigcnbc    (poffef= 
ft oe)  Da tto. 


1.  (Seben  Sic  bie  <St)itopft8  von  :  (a)  <£r  &erftef)t  nid?t  £ciben 
unb  ^reuben  311  teilen.    (ft)  Die  Sonne  flogte  mir  IHut  in  bie 
Seele.    (c)  fir  fengt  mir  bie  ftarferen  Stiefeln.    (d)  §ulet3t  beftel 
mid?  ber  Sd?Iaf.     (e)  Hid?t  ctnen  jeben  bctrifft  cs. 

2.  993ortbtltiuttg :  ilus  geitmortftammcn  (Dcrbfta'mmen) 
roerben,  mit  obcr  obnc  Ablaut,  Ejauptmorter  (Subftanttue) 
gebilbet,  bie  r(a'uftg  mamtlid?,  abcr  aud?  roeiblid?,  finb,  3.  B., 
brenncn  — ber  SBraitb  ;  geben  —  bie@ofic. 

SHbctt  Sie  fold?e  ntniutlirfje  aus:  teilen,  perfter/en  (a),  ent= 
fd^lie^en  (u),  fd^iitjen  (u),  fpred?en  (u),  einfallen,  bcginncn, 
laufett,  fi^en,  aufgerjen  (a),  treibett  (ic),  raudjcn,  fallen,  an= 


288  APPENDIX  H 


fang.cn,  n>iinfd?cn  (u),  ftnben  (u),  tjalten ;  unb  n>etblirf)e  aus  : 
fagen,  baben,  liegen  (a),  feb.en  (id?),  eilen,  tragen  (ad?),  tjelfcn 
(t),  qualen  (a),  geben  (a). 

3.  ilberfetjen  Sic :  (a)  I  decide  upon  this  speech,  (b)  As  the 
fire  spread  through  the  streets,  it  produced  a  draft,  (c)  My  heart 
is  oppressed  (two  ways),  (d)  I  burned  the  soles  of  my  (to  me) 
shoes,  (e)  His  house  lay  in  ruins  (two  ways). 

Exercise  5. — Canto  II,  Lines  187-273. 


$)ie  moDolcit  ^Hf^eitniortcr  (^tlfsmerben).     Per  Dattu  mtt 
Dortportern  (pra  pof  tttonen). 


1.  (Sebcn  Sic  bie  3i)nopfic>  pott  :    (a)   3^?  ging  aus  alter 
Bcfanntfdjaft  biniibcr.     (ft)  Du  folttcft  mtt  ben  Kinbcrn 
nid7t  3iinten.     (c)  3d?  fonnte  mid?  nic  in  ibrent  llmgang  er= 
freucn.     (d)  €r  mag    ibre   iicbd^cn  nid?t  pcrnebmen.     (e)  (£s 
follctt  bie  bcftcn  £eute  fid?  mit  Pcrgniigcn  pcrfammeln. 

2.  Grgdnjcn  Sic  mit  ,,wiffen"  obcr  ,,fennen"  unb  gebcn  Sic  bic 

(a)  3^?  -  pamina  unb  (Eanttno  ttid?t.    (>>)  €r 


nid^t,  mas  er  tun  foil,      (c)  Dcr  Datcr  -  ben  Kaufmann  unb 
—  ibn  3u  beroirten.     (rf)  fjermann  --  bie  iTEabd?en  fdion 
lange.      (e)  -  Sic,  toarum  fjermann    bcfd?amt    nad?  liaufe 
ging? 

3.  95?ortbtJbuug  :  Durd?  bie  Z1ad?filbe  -ft^oft  bilbet  man  n>etb= 
Itd?e    Bauptroorter  (Subftanttoc),  aus  Bauptroortcrn 
(Subftantipcn),     §eitt»ortern      (Per  ben),     unb     23ei= 
mortem  (2lbjef  tipen),  3.  B.,  bcr  9?arf)bnr  —  bie  9Zad)barfc^oft. 

^ilbcn  Sic  fold?e  aus  :  ber  JTtann,  tptffcn,  gemcin,  ber  ^rcuttb, 
bas  Kinb,  bcr  Kncd?t,  bcr  Biirgcr,  ber  lt?irt,  bcr  £>err. 

4.  Xljemett  :    (a)  Die  (Sabcn  Hermanns,     (b)  Das  JTtabd?en 
am  IDcge.    (c)  Dcr  Branb  cor  3tPatt3tg  3a^ren-    ((0  Bcrmann 
befud^bie  dod?ter  bes  Kaufmanns. 

5.  llberfe^en   Sic  :    (a)    Hermann  can  please  his  father  very 
much  with  a  daughter-in-law.     (6)  He  cannot  have  the  oldest,  he 
must  choose  the  second  or  the  third,     (c)  She  is  not  permitted  to 


APPENDIX  H  289 


play  the  piano,  although  she  wants  to.     (d)  I  shall  go  to  her  for 
old  acquaintance'  sake,     (e)  We  hurry  home  with  our  friends. 

Exercise  6. — Canto  III,  Lines  1-110. 


feesiiflltcfje  giirwort  (ba3  rdnttue  ^ronomen).  Der  Da  tip 
mit  §ettn>ortern  (Der  ben)  unb  Bettoortern 
(2Ibje?ttr>en). 

1.  (Scbcn  Sic  bte  3J)itopfi3  r>on  :  (a)  Der  befd?etbenc  Sotin  ent= 
n>td?  berfyeftta.enHebe.     (1)  Der  Sohn  tft  bem  Pater  ntd?t 
cjletd?.    (c)  233er  bte  Stabte  fiebt,  rufyt  ttid?t.    (d)  IDer  tut  es 
bent  Kauf  mann  nad?,  bcr  bte  IDege  Fennt,  auf  tticlt^enbas  Sefte 
311  baben  ift.    (e)  Sic  r»crlie§  bie  Stube  unb  etlte  bem  So^ne  nad?. 

2.  SBortbilbung :  Durd?  bte  Porftlben  cr-  unb  »cr-  bilbet  man 
^ettujortcr   (Perben)    aus    Betroortern    (Jlbjef ttoen), 
3.  B.,  neu  —  crncucit ;  bejfcr  —  tterfieffcrn. 

(a)  ^ilbcit  Sic  fold?e  mit  cr-  aus:  Ietd?r,  better,  rot  ("),  Ijod? 
(ob),  griin,  iibrig  ;  mit  tier-  aus  :  beutltd?,  gletdj,  fleitt,  gro§  ("), 
roert,  arm,  giitta,,  teuer,  golben,  l^errlid?,  etnfad?,  Tttd?t,  iibel, 
anbcr  ("),  alt. 

(7>)  ^tlticit  Sic  i^auptiporter  (Subftanttce)  auf  -ung  aus 
btefen  §ettu)ortcrn  (Derbcn). 

3.  XJjcmen:  (a)  Der  IPirt  als  Bautierr.     (6)  Das  f^aus  bes 
Kaufmanns.    (c)  Das  £}aus  unb  ber  (5arten  bes  2Jpotbefers. 

4.  ilberfeftcn  Sic  :  (a)  The  daughter  is  like  her  mother,  the  son 
like  his  father.     (6)  The  mushroom  has  grown  out  of  the  ground 
quickly.      (c)    Whoever    enters    the    city,    judges    the    officials. 
(d)  The  city  of  Mannheim,  which  is  regularly  built,  is  near  Frank- 
fort,   (e)  An  abundance  of  money,  which  I  cannot  use,  does  not  help 
me. 

Exercise  7. — Canto  IV,  Lines  1-83. 


Sein  nlS  4?Uf33eittt>ort.    ^cr  (Sen  it  to. 


1.   (Seben  Ste  bte  3»)nopfi§  r»on  :  (a)  Der  3"n9^«9  eblett  <5e= 
fiibles  ift  in  ben  (Sarten  gcgongcn.     (6)  2Hfo  roar  fte  ans  <£nbe 


290  APPENDIX  H 


bes  langen  (Sartens  gefommen.  (c)  Wo  ber  tDobluTUjdunete 
IDcinberg  fteileren  Pfabs  auffttcg.  (cZ)  2Jlfo  fd?ritt  fie  binauf. 
(e)  Pic  ^cucriDcrFc  leud?ten  bes  2Ibenbs. 

2.  SBort&Ubwtg :  Durd?  bte  Z7ad?ftlbc  -e  btlbet  man  u>eibltd?e 
£7aupta>6'rter  (5  ub  ft  an  tire)    aus  Betujortern    (2lbjcf= 
tip  en)  (immcr  mit  Umlaut),  unb    aus    §eittportftammen 
(Derbfta'mmcn)    (b'fters    mit    Ablaut),  3.  B.,  fprerf|en  —  bie 
Sprarfje ;  fla^i  —  bie  ^lodje. 

Sifbcn  Ste  fold?e  aus  :  fagcn,  lang,  tpcit,  rubcn,  rot,  geben  (a), 
bod?  (o^),  blau,  grog,  pflart3en,  ebrcn,  fremb,  breit,  pflcgen, 
neigen,  nal{. 

3.  ilberfe^Ctt  Sie:     (a)   A    path    of    unhewn    flat  stones  led 
through  the  vineyard.     (/>)  By  day  they  pick  grapes,  by  night  the 
fireworks  gleam,     (c)   She  climbed  the  ridge  of  the  broad  hill, 
(d)  At  noon  the  herders  of  the  cattle  came  to  the  shade  of  the  old 
pear  tree,     (e)   The  young  man  who  is  sitting  under  the  tree  has 
(is  of)  noble  sentiments. 

Exercise  8.  —  Canto  IV,  Lines  83-164. 


Smperath).    Die  Stetgerung  (bie  Komparatton). 


1.  (Seben  Ste  alle  ^mperatiwformett  uno  bie  ©tjnopftS  oon: 
(a)   Ste    brtttgen    getcaltig   cor.      (6)    tltemanb    fd?ten    mtr 
Fliiger  3u  fetn.    (c)  @el)t,  Ulutter,  mtr  ift  tmttefften  i7er3en 
befdfloffeu.      (d)  Parutn  fogc  mtr  fret,    (e)  ^a^re  nur  fort,  mtr 
allcs  ju  er3dblen. 

2.  Steigcrn  Ste  :  gro§,  tpiirbtg,  rferrltd?,  gut,  ebel,  brat),  roobl, 
tr»ilb,  nab,  ntad^ttg,  bod),  befttg,  laut,  fhtg,  bunfel,  rtel. 

3.  (Seben  Sie  alle  ^wperaftuformett  unb  bie  @emehtfcf)aft3= 
befe^le  (3.  B.,  Sctje  bid?  !    Se^t  eud?  !    Setjett  Ste  fid?  !    5et3Ctt 
rotr  uns  !    £a§  uns  uns  fetjen  !    £a^t  uns  uns  fe^en  !    £affcn 
Sie  uns  uns  fetjen  !)  ron  :  (a)  Sd?eue  ben  Cob  ntcbt  !    (6)  (£nt= 
fd?ulbtge  bid?  1    (c)  (5ebt  ben  ^reunben  ntd?t  nad?  !    (d)  (Scftebe 
es  1    (e)  Denfe  auf  mittel  1    (/)  liberlaffe  bid?  bem  Sd?mer3e  1 
(p)  l^clfen,  (h~)  fpred?en. 


APPENDIX  H  291 


4.  SSortbtlbuitg :  Durd?  bie  ZTadjfilbe  -tyaft  bilbet  man  23ei= 
roorter    (2lbjeftir>e)    aits    fjattpttDortern     (Sttbftantu 
pen),    geittDortftammen     (Derbftamnten),    unb      23ei= 
n>  or  tern  (2Ibjef  tip  en),  3. 23.,  tier  (Srttft  —  ernftljaft. 

SBUbett  Ste  fold?e  aits  :   leben,  ber  IHann,  bas  Ejer3,  tabeln, 
roafyr,  haben,  ber  Scfymcrj,  fc^abett. 

5.  ilbcrfe^en  Sic  (mtt  brct  3mperatipformcn) :   (a)  Call  the 
youths  from  all  sections  together,     (ft)  Pick  out  the  best  fighters 
from  the  citizens,     (c)    Die  courageously  for  your  fatherland. 
(d)  Do  not  step  upon  that  noble  ground,     (e)  Do  not  return  home 
to-day. 

Exercise  9. — Canto  IV,  Lines  165-250. 


.     Der   (Senttto   mtt   gcttmortcrn   (Derben) 
iinb  Portfortern   (Pra'poftttonen). 


1.  (Scben  Ste  bie  ©ijno^ftS  txm :   (a)  (£§  fomntt  bcr  Jlbcnb 

t^eran.      (6)  IDtr  bebitrfcn  bcr   ^rettnbc.    (c)  ber  ftatt 

anbrer  mid?  gar  oft  ntit  IPortcn  tjerurmtatjm.      (d)  (£s  ntad?t 
nid/t  bas  (Sliicf  ber  fjattfc  beim  f^aufen.      (e)  3<^  entbet^re  ber 
(Sattin. 

2.  SSortbilbitng :    Dttrd?  bie  Had?filbe  -bar  bilbet  man  3ei= 
toorter    (2Ibjeftit)e)     aits     geitroortftammen     (Perb= 
ft  a  mm  en)  unb  17  attpt  mortem  (Sitbftanti  pen),  3.  23.,  Me 
^rucfjt  —  frudjtbar. 

Sitbcn  Sic  fold?c  atts :  tragen,  erregen,  ber  Strcit,  efyrett,  ge= 
ntegcn,  fagcn,  benfen,  bie  ^urd?t,  fiibren,  troften,  lofett,  ber 
Jflann,  fpred?cn,  I^oren,  fit^Ien. 

3.  Xljemen :  (a)  Per  (Sarten  unb  ber  IPeinberg  bes  IPirtes. 
(6)  Pie  H?einlefe.     (c)  Hermanns  (Semiit. 

4.  itberfeljen  Sic  (mit  unb   ol^ne  e§)  :    (a)  Father  comes 
from  church  with  measured  step,      (ft)  The  boys  are  laughing 
about  the  cap  instead  of  the  dressing  gown,     (c)  A  person  does 
without  daily  pleasure  in  order  to  save,     (d)  The  lovely  row  of 
fields  extends  over  the  hills,     (e)  A  person  needs  the  friends  who 
gather  around  him. 


292  APPENDIX  H 


Exercise  10.  —  Canto  V,  Lines  1-78. 


Sttbtrefte  JRebe.      Dorroorter   (prd'pofitionen)   mtt  bem 
Pa  HP   unb  bem   2JFFufatip. 


1.  (Seben  Sic  bie  Sijnopp  int  ^nbifathi  unb  tm  Soitjunftto  pon 
alien  Derben :   (a)  Sagten  roir  bamals    nid?t  tmmcr :   cr   follc 
fclbcr  fid?  rodblen?     (6)  Heben  bie  fen  (Scfiiblcu  gab  uus  bte 
Hatur  bie  £uft  311  perbarren  tm  2JItcn.    (c)  Sic  ftclite  tbn  por 
ben  (Sat ten.    (d)  2Iuf  iljm  Hegt  nid^t  ber  Prucf.    (e)  €r  blctbt 
tm  lebtgen  Stanbe. 

2.  ©c^en  Ste  in  inbtrcftc  9Jcbc  nad?  ,,er  fagte,"  unb  ,,er  fagte, 
bag"  :  §eilen  6-38  ;  <*H*7 ;  50-53  ;  5*-55  ;  57-78. 

3.  Grgonjcn  Ste  bie  rtcfyttgen  (Enbungen  unb  geben  Ste  bie 
©t)ttu^ft§  pen  :    (a)   Per  ITlann  fabrt  auf  -    -  ITteer  unb  all- 

Strajjen  ber  €rbe.     (6)  Pie  mutter  trat  in Dimmer,    (c)  3« 

bies-  Stunbc   r;at  er  geroablt.    (rf)  Unter €rbe  licgen  bie 

Samen.    (e)  Per  Sobn  trat  ror  - —  Dater. 

4.  SBortbilbuttg  :  2Ius  man nl id? en  Bauptroortern  (Sub= 
ftanticen)  bilbet  man  roeiblicfye  Bauptroortcr  (5ubftan= 
tioe)  burd?  bie  Had?filbe  -in  (IHebrjabl  -tnncn),  3.  23.,  ber  Qjntte 
—  bie  OUattin. 

Gilbert  Sic  fold^e  (mtt  bcr  2Ttebr3abl)  aus  :  ber  Bcrr,  ber  H?irt, 
ber  pfar'rer,  ber  €rbe,  ber  Burger,  ber  Stabter. 

5.  iificrfc^cn  Sic :    (a)  The  three  are  talking  together  in  the 
room,     (ft)  The  tree  will  stretch  its  branches  out  under  the  sky. 
(c)  In  the  small  city  the  citizens  will  combine  rural  pursuits  with 
city  occupation,     (d)  In  the  city  the  poor  do  not  like  to  stand 
behind  the  rich,     (e)  In  this  hour  he  has  chosen  as  a  man. 

Exercise  11.  —  Canto  V.  Lines  79-160. 


^Soffto.    Per  Konjuntir  in  Hebenfdtjen. 


1.  Setjen  Sie   (6)  unb  (c)   ins    Baffin    unb    geben    Sie    bie 
pon :    (a)   Pie    (Semeinbe    wirb    pon    bem    2Ipotbefcr 


APPENDIX  H  293 


befragt.  (ft)  Per  Sofyn  fd?irrt  bte  pferbc  gleid?  an.  (c)  3d?  febe 
bas  lHabd?ett  nid?t  nneber.  (d)  Befonbers  bebarf  bte  3ugenb, 
bag  man  fie  leite.  (e)  3d?  nmnfd?e,  baft  ber  f}err  pfarrer  fid? 
and?  in  €urer  (Sefellfd?aft  befinbe. 

2.  Grgfinjett  Sie  mit  ,,fein"  ober  ,,ttjerben"  :  (a)  Der  Brunnen 
-  pott  fyofyen  £inben  umfd?attet.     (ft)  3d?  -  Don  fcincm  fo 


leid?t  betrogen.  (c)  Der  3iingltng  -  r»on  btefem  mabd?en  nid?t 
beftridH.  (d)  lOegen  bes  Krteges  -  bte  IPelt  3erftort.  (e)  pie 
ITtauern  bcr  Stabt  -  3uriitfgelaffen. 

3.  SSortfiilbung  :  Purd?  bie  Had?ftlben  -^eit  unb  -fctt  (-tflfett) 
bilbet  man  roeiblid?e    ^aupttporter    (Subftantit?e)    aus 
Beitoortern  (Zlbjeftioen),  3.  B.,  Hug  —  bie  AUugljcit  ;  ewig 
—  bie  (Jwigfeit. 

SBitben  Sie  fold?e  mit  -^ett  aus  :  befannt,  rafd?,  trorfen,  breit, 
abgcmeffen,  erbaben  ;  mtt  -feit  aus  :  bebad?tig,  trefflid?,  b,errlid?, 
3urerlaffig,  biirftig,  bcf^9^  gliirflid?,  Dcrftdnbtg,  t»eislid?,  tDid?tig, 
muttgs,  eilig,  milltg,  fauber,  geraumig,  reinlid?,  lebenbig,  niebrig  ; 
mit  -tflfett  aus  :  Ieid?t,  feft,  fd?netl. 

4.  UtierfefeCtt  Sie  :    (a)  The  clean  oats  are  being  eaten  by  the 
fine  horses  in  the  stable.     (6)  The  horses  were  led  out  into  the 
yard  by  the  ready  servant,     (c)  Hermann  wishes  that  the  carriage 
be  pushed  up.     (d)  He  fears  that  he  may  come  too  late,     (e)  The 
roomy  seats  have  been  taken  by  the  friends. 

Exercise  12.  —  Canto  V,  Lines  160-244. 


otje  ointe  menu.    Per  2tffufatio. 


1.  (Seben  Sie  bie  ©tjnopp  ber  ^dttob'rter  (Derben)  tm 
fatit)  uub  tm  £on)unftiD  :  (a)  |>atte  idj  allein  3u  tun,  fo  giitge  id? 
beb.cnb  3u  bem  Porf  b.in.  (6)  $abt  ^v  rtad?rid?t  gettug,  fe^rt  3U 
mir  bann  suriirf.  (c)  2Ilfo  bad?te  id?  es  mir  aus  ben  IPeg  tyer, 
ben  totr  gefabren.  (d)  IPas  alles  gefd?iebt,  gebt  ftill  u)ie  t>on 
felber  ben  (Sang  fort,  (e)  PenFe  id?  ein  roentg  3ururf,  fo  fd?eint 
mir  ein  graues  2llter  auf  bem  Baupte  3U  liegen. 


294  APPENDIX  H 


2.  2B0rt6Ubuitfl :  Purcb  bie  Porfilbe  gc-  btlbet  man  Baupt= 
sorter  (Sub  ft  antic  e)  (gcaiolmlid?  fad?Iid?)  aus  geittcort= 
ft  a  m  m  c  n   (D  e  r  b  ft  a  m  m  e  it)  unb  fiaupticortcrn  (Sub  ft  a  n- 
tioen),  ofters  mtt  ber  J7ad?filbe  -c,  3.  23.,  batten  —  has  (9ebattbe  ; 
bte  $ai)rt  —  ber  (yefa^rtc. 

£BUbett  Sic  fold?e  aus  :  bietcn  (o),  rjoren,  bas  f^aus  ("),  briiilcn, 
bas  IPaffcr  ("),  bra'ngcn,  fdjretcn,  bulbcn,  babent,  bte  Kebe, 
fprcd?cn  (a),  bcr  Bufd?  (ii),  bte  IDoIFe  ("). 

3.  £f)emen:   (a)   X>cr  Stabter  unb  bcr  ianbmann.    (ft)  £7cr= 
manns  Bitte.      (c.)  Der  ilpotbefcr  als  ^rctcrsmanu.      (d)  Pas 
Sdjtrren  ber  Pferbe.    (e)  Dcr  Stnbenbrnnncn.    (/)  3m  5orfe. 

4.  Ubetfc^cn  Sie  :    (a)  If  he  sees  the  girl,  he  will  recognize  her 
above  all  the  others,     (b)  If  we  had  talked  with  the  girl  who  came 
along  the  road,  she  would  have  learned  our  intention,     (c)  Sorrow 
teaches  us  this  good  lesson  :  that  we  should  not  quarrel  with  our 
brother,     (d)  If  everything  goes  its  usual  pace,  we  live  along  hap- 
pily,    (e)  The  judge  who  caine  along  the  street  had  lived  years  in 
these  last  days. 

Exercise  13. —  Canto  VI,  Lines  1-102. 


mtt  ,;toenn."    Hcbcnfatje  mtt  ,,um  .  .  .  311. 


1.  (Seben  Ste  bte  @t)tt0pfi3  pon  alien  §etttr>ortent  (Derbcn)  tm 
3nbifatit)  unb  tm  Sonjunftitt :  (a)  2Betw  $l)r  ben  IHenfctycn  »cr= 
fennt,  fo  fann  id?  (£ud?  barutn  nid?t  fdjelten.     (b)  SBenn  %1)v  bic 
traurigen  (Eage  bur d)f gotten  woUtct,  ttiitrbct  3br  felber  geftcbcn, 
n)ie  oft  3^r  (Sutes  crblicftet.    (c)  3^?  fafy  fid?  ^ctnbc  Dcrfobnen, 
um  bte  Stabt  com  libel  3U  retten.     (d)  €r  fdiont  ben  Be= 
fiegten,  als    mare    er    ber  Seine,  tccttn    cr    irjm    taglid?  niitjt. 
(e)  3eber  fd?tcn  nur  bcforgt,  cs  bleibc  rcas  iibrig  fur  morgen. 

2.  $erttJanbeln  Sic  in  inbtreftc  Oftcbe  nad?  ,,er  fagte,  ba§"  : 
§etlcn  3-19  ;  20-33  ;  ^0-6^  ;  60-79. 

3.  993ortbilbung :  Durd?  bic  iTad?filbe  -ling  bilbct  man  ma'nn= 
Iid?e      t^aupttcorter      (Sub  ft  antic  e)      aus     geittcort^ 
ftammen    (Perbftammen),    23eiu)ortcrn    (2lbjef tioen), 


APPENDIX  U  •  295 


unb  fjauptroortertt  (Subftantioen),  3-23.,  Jung — ber 
$ititgUng  ;  bte  ftlurfjt  —  bet  ^Jiidjtliitjj. 

SJilben  Sic  fold?e  aus :  fremb,  bas  3abj  (tt),  erft,  bie  Ifelt, 
fcig,  fdjroad?  ("),  ftnbett,  lieb,  ber  fjof  ("). 

4.  tt&erfcfcett  Sic  :  (a)  If  the  minister  should  ask  the  judge 
what  his  congregation  had  suffered,  he  would  tell  him.  (ft)  If 
they  drink  the  bitter  of  all  the  years,  they  hope  to  have  rights  and 
freedom,  (c)  We  planted  liberty  trees  to  win  the  young  and  the 
old.  (<Z)  Columns  of  armed  Frenchmen  draw  near  to  win  the 
men  with  their  fiery  deeds,  and  the  women  with  their  irresistible 
charm,  (e)  If  a  degenerate  race  struggles  for  command,  need  and 
oppression  will  grow  daily. 

Exercise  14.  —  Canto  VI,  Lines  103-204. 


$itbtrcfte  $rajjen.    ZTebenfatje   mtt  bamtt. 


1.  <5eben  Sic  btc  ©tynopft^  ran  alien  ^etttportern  (Derben)  tm 
^ttbtfath)  unb  tm  $0njunttt«  :  (a)  <£r  roar  tm  Bcgriff  311  fragcn, 
ob  fie  fidj  nun  mtt  bent  Dolf  befittbe?      (&)  Heb^mt  ben  Htd?ter 
mtt  (End?,  bamtt  tr>tr  bas  IPettere  tjoren.    (c)  Drum  fommt, 
bamtt  unr  pcrnebjncn,  ob  fie  gut  unb  tugenbb^aft  fei.    (d)  Did? 
mad?t  btc  §ctt  nur  gcmiffcr,  tote  bu  cs  b^abcft  mtt  ifym,  unb  rote 
btc  ^rcunbfd^aft  bcftcbjC.     (e)  Iltemanb  roetgrc  fid?  an3unebmen, 
roas  tbm  bte  ITtHbc  geboteu  bat. 

2.  Scrwanbefn  Sic  in  inbtrelte  ^rageu  ttad?  ,,cr  fragte,  ob 


Durd?  bte  Dorfilbe  ent-  bilbct  man  untrenn= 
bare  §citroorter  (Derbcn),  aus  geitroortern  (Derbett), 
^auptroortern  (Subftantipen),  uub  Beiroortern  (21bje?= 
tio  en),  3.  B.,  piemen  —  eittfliefjen. 

Silben  Sic  fold^c  aus  :  laffen,  fremb,  sicken,  rei§en,  ftetgen,  bas 
Dolf  ("-ertt),  fagcn,  Fominen,  ttebmen,  ber  Hat,  iibrig,  ber 
Korpcr,  fatten,  bie  Kraft  ("),  bie  Seele,  fd?eibeu,  bas  KIcib. 

SBifbcn  Sic  roeiblid^e  f^auptroorter  (Subftanttoe)  auf 
-ung  aus  biefeu  gcitroorteru  (Pcrben). 


296  APPENDIX  H 


4.  llberfetjen  Sie  :  (a)  The  judge  asked  whether  the  girl  had 
remained  alone  on  the  large  estate.  (6)  The  apothecary  pulls  the 
minister  by  the  sleeve,  so  that  he  may  tell  him  that  he  has  found 
the  girl,  (c)  He  wants  to  take  the  judge  along,  so  that  he  may 
learn  the  rest,  (d)  We  ask  the  girl  whether  she  has  wrapped  the 
baby,  (e)  The  minister  and  apothecary  went  to  meet  the  judge, 
so  that  they  might  ask  whether  the  girl  was  good. 

Exercise  15.  —  Canto  VI.  Lines  205-313. 


Sonjunftiu.    Der  <5entttr>  mit  Betroortern 
(2lbjefttr*en). 


1.  (Scbcn  Ste  bie  SnnopftS  r>on  alien  geitroortern  (Pcrbcn)  tm 
^itbifatiu  unb   tm  ftonjuitfttB  :  (a)  ,,Gilen  ttrir" !  fprad?  ber  r>cr= 
ftanbtge  ItTann.    (b)  (Sir  Jjiire  fo  fd?neli  rote  mb'glicb  bie  frohltAe 
Botfd^aft.     (c)  Detner  ift  fie  rocrt.      (d)  Sonntags  befud^t  er 
ben  amrbtcjcn  23iirger.     (?)  Ztchme  bcnn  jecjltdier  audj  ben  Kerb 
mit  eigenen  Rd'nbcn. 

2.  (Seben  Ste  btc  Si)nopfts«  tm  ^affto :  (a)  Pa  ctn  jebes  (Sc= 
fd7d'ft  nad?   fetner   IPctfe  oollbradpt  rourbe.    (fe)  €nbltd7  nwrbe 
aud?  ber  dod?ter  errpa'bnt.     (c)  Per  Knaftcr   inurbe    ron  bem 
2Jpothefer  gelobt. 

3.  993ortbi(linttg :    Purd?  bte  Dorftlbc   be-   btlbet  man  §ett= 
irorter    (Derben)    (geroobttltd?  tranftttp)  aus  getttportern 
(Derben),  3.  3.,  fallen  —  befallen. 

SBilfcen  Sic  fold?e  aus  :  fagcn,  feljett,  fpred?en,  tetlcn,  etlen,  !om= 
men,  finben,  batten,  faffen,  nebmen,  toerben,  fteben,  folgen, 
merfen,  geben,  gebcn,  treffen,  lebett. 

4.  X^emen :    (a)   Pie  Rojfnung.cn  ber  Peutfd^en.      (6)  Pas 
freoelbafte     Bencbmen    ber    ^ra^ofen.      (c)   Pic    ietben    ber 
Pcutfd^en.      (d)  Pas    bod7bcr3tgc    UTa'bdwt.      (e)  Porotb,ca   gc= 
funbcn.     (/)  3)cr  Hid^ter  lobt  Porotbea.     (gr)  Bermanns  €nt- 
fd^lte^ung.     (h)  ^reten  nad?  ber  altcn  IHobc. 

5.  itbeffeften  Sic :  (a)  Let  us  not  leave  them  without  a  gift. 
(6)  Let  us  tell  the  boy  that  she  is  worthy  of  his  hand,     (c)  Let 


APPENDIX   H  297 


him  come  with  a  swift  carriage.  (d)  Sure  of  her  love,  the  world 
belongs  to  him.  (e)  In  the  evening  the  horses,  eager  for  their 
stalls,  run  home  quickly. 

Exercise  16.  —  Canto  VII,  Lines  1-102. 


SBetorbtteitbe  Sinbcroortcr   (foorbhtierenbe    ^oitjunfttottett). 

Hebcnffitje   tnit   ba§. 


1.  (5eben  Ste  bie  @t)nopji3  ron :  (a)  ttnb  er  ging  ifyr  freubig 
entgcgett.    (b)  $entt  ber  2lnbltrf  bes  (Scbers  ift  tote  btc  (Sabett 
erfreulid?.    (c)  Da§  3r;r  abcr  fogleid?  t>erner;met,  tparum  id? 
gefommcn,  [age  id?  <£ud?  btes.    (d)  Hub  fie  beugtc  fid?  fiber,  311 
fd?opfen.     (e)  3tbcr  bu  haft  getDi§  aud?  erfahren,  roie  fehr  bas 
(Sefinbe  bic  f^ausfrau  plagt. 

2.  Grgfinseu  5ie  mtt  ,,too"  obcr  flmo^iw" :  (a)  Der  ©rt, 

id?  bid?  crft  fab,  ift  roeit  t>on  bier.     (6) tneitt  23Iirf  fid?  aud? 

roenbet,  ferie  id?  ifyr  23ilb.    (c)  ber  Pfab  ins  (Setreibe  ging, 

far;  er  fie.    (d)  3^?  mi^  fd?opfen, ber  (Quell  rein  ift.    (e} 

geben  Sic  fo  cilig  ? 

3.  SBortbilbttug  :  Durd?  bic  Had?filbc  -fam  bilbct  man  Bet= 
roorter  (2tbjcftirc)  aus  ^auptroortern  (Subftantincn), 
§eittr>ortftammen    (Derbftammen),    unb     Beiroortern 
(2tbjcfttr>en),  3.  B.,  bie  3furcfyt  —  f ttrdjtf am ;  rcnfcn  —  lenff am ; 
long  —  laitflfom. 

^tlbcn  5ie  fold?c  aus :  bas  Bilb,  folgett,  ein,  empftnben,  auf= 
merfen,  ber  f^eil,  bie  IHiibe,  fd?roeigen. 

SBtfbcn  S.ic  tDeiblid?e  f^auptroorter  (Subftanttoe)  aus 
btcfen  BcitDorterit  (2lbjcftirie)t)  burd?  bie  Had?filbe  -fctt. 

4.  itberfc^en  Sic :    (a)  Does  Hermann  see   an  apparition,  or 
does  he  see  the  figure  of  a  girl  ?     (6)  For  she  goes  to  this  well,  so 
that  she  may  dip  water  where  it  is  clear,     (c)  Hermann  knows 
why  the  girl  has  come,  but  he  asks  her  anyway,     (d)  The  careful 
person  does  not  roil  all  the  water,  so  that  one  cannot  drink  it, 
but  he  thinks  of  those  to  follow,     (e)  He  takes  one  jug,  and  she 
takes  the  other,  so  that  they  can  both  dip  (water). 


298  APPENDIX   H 


Exercise  17.  — Canto  VII,  Lines  103-202. 


Uitterorbneitbe  Sinbettiorrer  (fuborbinierenbe  .Qonjunftioncit). 
Per  ^FFufattp  mit  Dorroortern  (pra'pofittonen) 
unb  ber  2IFFufatto  abfolut. 


1.  (Seben  Sic  bte  StynopftS  ran :   (a)  IDobI  tbr,  weim  fie  fid? 
baran  gcroobnt,  bafj  Fein  IDeg  tbr  311  fauer  tmrb.    (6)  Sic  a>ar 
burd?    ben  (Sartcn  geFommen   bis  an  bte  (Eenne,  tto  bte 
FranFe  ^rau  lag.    (c)  t£tn  Kinb  an  jegltdicr  Banb,  trat  ber 
Htditcr  3ugletd?  cin.    (d)  ^br  toerbet,  fo  lang  fie  fid?  bcr  !t?irtfd?aft 
annimmt,  bie  Sd?tt»eftcr  md?t  ocrmiffcn.     (e)  2(l§  ber  Stord?  ib^n 
jiingft  betm  ^urfcrbad'cr  rorbeitrug. 

2.  HSortbilbung :    2Ius   ben    3nftnittccn    bcr   getttportern 
(Derben)    bilbet    man    fad?lid?e    Baupttoorter    (Sub  ft  an* 
tioc),  3.  ^.,  flc^cn  —  ba3  (iJc^cn. 

Siliicn  Sic  foldjc  aus  ben  3nf'ni*ipcn  pon :  ftanbcn, 
fdjtpetgcnb,  ftteg,  folgtc,  pcrlangt,  fpradj,  tra'gt,  bcfteblt,  fcbt, 
bient,  gcroobnt,  r»ergi§t,  ertrugen,  trat,  pcrloren,  gcfunbcn, 
tranfcn,  fiibre,  tctrbt,  Icbet,  betradjtct. 

3.  SJjemen:    (a)  Die    Begegnung    am    Brunnen.     (ft)    Das 
Dtngctt  bcs  ITlabdiens.     (c)  Die  Bcftimmung  bcr  ^rau.     (d)  Das 
Sdpeiben  ron  ben  ^reunbcn.    (e)  Das  iob  bes  Hid/tcrs. 

4.  UderfeftCtt  Sic  :  (a)  (With)  a  jug  in  each  hand,  she  climbs 
slowly  up  the  steps.     (6)  He  looks  at  her  earnestly,  as  if  her  fate 
were  doubtful,     (c)  A  sister's  life  is  an  endless  working  for  her 
brothers  and  her  parents,     (d)    When  the  girls  saw  their  little 
brother,  they  ran  with  joy  to  greet  him.     (e)  Because  return  is 
denied  us,  we  must  scatter  (ourselves)  through  this  strange  land. 

Exercise  18.  —  Canto  VIII,  Lines  1-98. 


$efh?att§etgenbe  Jwroiirtcr  (^offefftoe  ^ronomcn).    Dcr  (Dpta= 
tip  (KonjunFttr). 


1.   (Seben  Sic  bic  Sl)itopft§  ron  :  (a)  U?enn  td>  mid?  bcr  H)trt= 
fdjaft  als  rote  bcr  metntgcn  annabm.    (6)  111  ogc  bas  brobenbe 


APPENDIX  H  299 


IPctter  uns  nicfyt  Sd?Ioftcn  bringen.  (c)  3c^cr  empfarfl  fie  ben 
©cinen.  (d)  Das  nun  tnelleid?t  ba£  beiue  tr>irb.  (e)  Diefe  ,£elber 
futb  unfer. 

2.  Grganseu  Sic  mtt  ba$,  bafj,  ober  was :  (a)  Das  tjofye,  team 

fenbc  Korn, id?  bier  ferje,  freut  mid?.    (6)  2illes, Sic 

tnir  fagren,  ttmfjte  id?  fd?on.    (c)  Das  2?efte, id?  fyabe,  gebc 

id?  bir.      (d)  Das   erfte  ITtal,  -    -  id?  tfyn   fc^c,  fragc   id?  iljn. 
(?)  <£r  fagtc, bicfes  Dimmer  je^t  bas  i^rige  fei. 

3.  28ortt>Ub«itfl :  Jlus  t»cld?cn  §eitu>orteru  (Perbctt)  fitib  fol= 
gcnbc  fjanpttnortcr  (Subftantipe)  gcbilbct :  Die  23elcud?tung,  bcr 
(5u|;,  bte  (Erntc,  ber  Sturm,  bcr  Sinn,  ber  Sd?ein,  bic  §icrbc,  btc 
£icbe,  bie  Derebrung,  bcr  Dicncr,  ber  Sd?ritt,  bic  2Scmcgung,  bas 
IPcfcn,  bcr  (Sebietcr,  bas  Sd?immern,  bic  ^ragc,  bcr  Dertriebne, 
bic  tt?obnung,   bcr  Steig,  bie  (Sclicbte,  ber  Derbrujg,  bcr  <£\n- 
tritt. 

4.  £f)emen:    (a)  ,,H?as  bcr  Datcr  totU."    (6)  Die  fjoflid?fctt 
ber  ^ransofcn.    (c)  Das  nat^enbe  (5et»itter. 

5.  ilberfe^ett  Sic  :    (a)  May  the  storm  not  threaten  us  in  the 
open  without  a  shelter,     (b)  If  she  only  were  a  fine,  clever  girl  1 
(c)  My  mother  I  can  satisfy,  but  not  yours,     (d)  I  hope  (may) 
this  good  servant  may  satisfy  him,   ours  does  not.      (e)  Your 
nature  is  like  mine,  but  hers  is  not. 

Exercise  19.  —  Canto  IX,  Lines  1-104. 


3nftnitit)    mtt  unb  ofyte   ,^u."     Subftitutcn   fiir  bas 
pa  f  fie. 


1.  (Scbcn  Sic  bie  Stjnopp  con  :  (a)  Dljite  bas  ITtabd?en  311 
fprerfjen,  trcnnten  fie  fid?  t»om  3iingling.    (6)  2tbcr  gclaffcn  bc= 
flttmt  bcr   ttad?bar  §u  f^rct^cn.      (c)   €s  la§t   fid?  gleid?  er^ 
fcnnen,  roeld?cs  (Sciftes  er  ift.    (d)  Da  riitjrt  fid?  Bobel  unb 
Sage,    (e)  §cige  man  bod?  bent  3iingling  bes  ebel  reifcnben 
Alters  IPcrt.    (/)  yilcs  fa^  id?  im  (Seiftc  gcfrf|c^cn. 

2.  aSort&ilbung  :  2tus  roeld?en  f^aupttDortern  (Subftam 
ticen)  unb  §eitrob'rtern  (Per  ben)  finb  folgenbe  Beia)6'rter 


300  APPENDIX  H 


(ilbjeftipc)  gebilbet :  ber$lid?,  lieblid?,  unacbitlbioi,  Icbbaft,  bf- 
gierig,  enblid?,  torid?t,  bebeuFIid?,  flct^ttj,  brcttcrtt,  a.cfd?d'ftia,, 
3a>eifelbaft,  empftttblid?,  berrltcb,  pcrglctd?bar,  mmnllia.,  fpotttfd?. 

3.  Uberfeften  5te  :  («)  The  evil  cannot  be  made  (reflexive  of 
laffcn)  better  without  talking  to  the  father  about  it.  (ft)  We 
(man)  must  thank  our  father  that  we  learned  to  wait  calmly, 
(c)  We  are  told  (man  with  the  active  voice)  that  the  carriage  is 
to  take  us  out  to  the  spring  under  the  lindens,  (d)  The  door 
opened  (reflexive)  and  a  fine-looking  couple  was  seen  (man  with 
the  active)  crossing  the  threshold,  (e)  I  am  pleased  (it  pleases 
me)  that  my  son's  good  taste  can  be  seen  (reflexive  of  laffen)  in 
the  bride  that  he  has  chosen. 

Exercise  20. —  Canto  IX,  Lines  105-205. 


JRcpcjtwc  3eitrobrter  (Sgcrbcu).    211  s,  tuenn. 


1.  (Seben  Ste  bte  ©i)nopft§    t>on :    («)  ID  c  it  u    bu    bid)    bet 
^rcmben  311   biencn   allju  etltcj   entjd)(ie$cft.     (6)  2Us  id?  thtt 
toieber  am  Brunncn  fab,  ba  freute  id?  mid?  fctncs   2lnbltrfs. 
(c)  (£s  f^mcit^elre  mir  frctltd?  bas  ^crj.    (d)  <£s  tft  fd?rocr,  bie 
£aunc  bcs  Bcrrtt  311  bitlben,  tncnn  cr  ungercdjt  tabelt.    (e)  €r 
roanbtc  fid?  fd?nell. 

2.  SBortbiliiung :      <£rfla'rcn     5tc     folaenbc      §citt»orter 
(Per ben)  :  rerfud?en,   bctretctt,  rerbtttben,  crmiibeit,  bemiiben, 
er3iiruen,  ertragen,  erfullett,  bcfreien,   pcrlaffen,   crfdjetnen,  oer= 
bienen,  perfennen,  rerfolgcn,  pcrtraueu,  pcrmcbren. 

3.  ilbcrfc^cn  5ie  :  (a)  When  the  wise  pastor  steps  up,  he  sees 
tears  in  the  girl's  eyes,     (ft)  When  the  mistress  grows  angry,  the 
maid  must  endure  her  moods  patiently,     (c)  When  the  girl  heard 
this,  she  could  not  contain  herself  any  longer  and  showed  her 
feelings  clearly,     (d)  Whenever  a  sick  person  moves,  he  feels  the 
pain  greatly,     (e)  I  do  not  flatter  myself  at  all  that  he  will  be  glad 
at  my  coming. 


APPENDIX  H  301 


Exercise  21.  — Canto  IX,  Lines  206-317. 


£onjunftit>d. 


1.  (Seben  Sic  bte  <3t)itopft3  port  alien  geittDortern  (Derben)  tm 
Sonjunftitt:  (a)  Daft  fid?  nid?t  ber  crftc  Brautigam  mit  tynbern- 
bem  (Einfprud?   jetge !       (6)   Q?eld?e   Klugtjett    Ijfitte   uns    ibr 
(Scmiit  etttljnUt  ?     (c)  Dcr  crftc  Perbrufi  fct  sugletd?  bcr  Ic^tc ! 
(d)  Allies  rcgt  fid?,  als  Wofltc  btc  tPclt  fid?  ncu  gcftaltcn.    (e)  ®e= 
bdtfjte  jcbcr  n>tc  id?,  fo  ftiinbc  bic  !Had?t  auf. 

2.  SBortbUDung  :  €rflarcn  Sic  folgcnbc  IDorter  :  bic  Klugt^cit, 
cntlocfcn,  cntbiillcn,  btc  €rflarung,  frcunblid?,  fliid?ttg,  bic  ZTei= 
gang,  bic  ^rcunbltd?Fcit,  bic  Kiibrung,  btc  Derfid?crung,  bcr  t>er= 
bru§,  t>erpflid?ten,  rcrftdnbtg,  runblid?,  bcr  Scgcnsn>unfd?,  ber 
(Einfprud?,  ber  Jlugcnbltd1,  bie  ^rct^ett,  reranbert,  bas  (Sefprad?, 
ber  ^rembling,  unabbattgig,  btc  Derbtnbung,  banfbar. 

3.  X^cmcn:    (a)    Die  €r5ablung  bcs    ^potl^efcrs.     (ft)   Die 
<£rfd?einung    bes    paares.      (c)    I)cr    Perbru§    bcs   JTlabd?ens. 
(d)  Die  Derlobung.    (e)  Der  erfte  Brautigam.    (/)  ^ermanns 
<Entfd?Iic§ung.     (g)  Dcr  (Ebarafter  (0  Hermanns,  (2)  bes  Paters, 
(3)  ber  ITTutter,  (^)  Dorotbeens,  (5)  bes  Pfarrcrs,  (6)  bes  ^Ipotljc^ 
fcrs,  (7)  bcs  Htd?ters. 

4.  flbcrfcfeen  Sic  :  (a)  He  asked  why  it  required  the  explana- 
tion of  another  (adj.,  fremb).     ('>)  He  only  wished  that  he  might 
bring  her  home,     (c)  Let  him  forgive  her  the  tears  of  sorrow  as 
well  as  the  tears  of  joy.     (d)  If  the  finger  had  not  been  so  plump, 
the  ring  could  have  been  (man)  drawn  off  more  easily,     (e)  When 
the  pastor  caught  sight  of  the  other  ring,  he  acted  (tun)  as  if  he 
had  never  seen  it. 


ABBREVIATIONS 

The  principal  parts  of  all  strong  verbs  are  given  in  full 
with  the  third  person  singular  of  the  present  indicative, 
when  irregular,  in  parentheses  after  the  infinitive,  and 
ift  or  fyat  preceding  the  perfect  participle  to  indicate  the 
perfect  auxiliary.  In  all  other  cases  the  perfect  auxiliary, 
fyabett  or  feitt,  is  given  after  the  verb.  Separable  weak 
verbs  are  marked  sep.  All  verbs  are  designated  as  tran- 
sitive, intransitive,  or  reflexive  by  the  abbreviations  tr., 
intr.,  and  reft. 

The  genitive  singular  is  given  for  all  nouns  and  the 
plurals  are  indicated  for  those  that  have  them. 

For  words  used  both  as  adjectives  and  adverbs  only 
the  adjective  meaning  is  given,  unless  the  adverbial 
meaning  differs  materially. 

The  principal  accent  is  marked  on  all  separable  verbs, 
words  frequently  mispronounced,  and  wherever  the  accent 
does  not  fall  on  the  first  syllable. 

Cognate  words  are  indicated  whenever  possible. 
Where  the  cognate  does  not  translate  the  German  word, 
it  is  inclosed  in  parentheses. 

The  following  abbreviations  are  used  : 

ace.,  accusative.  worn.,  nominative, 

adj.,  adjective.  num.,  numeral. 

adv.,  adverb.  part.,  participle,  participial, 

con;'.,  conjunction.  plu.,  plural. 

dat.,  dative.  pref.,  prefix. 

gen.,  genitive.  pron.,  pronoun,  pronounce. 

inf.,  infinitive.  refl.,  reflexive. 

insep.,  inseparable.  Teg.,  regular. 

interj.,  interjection.  xep.,  separable. 

intr.,  intransitive.  tr.,  transitive. 

302 


VOCABULARY 


flb,  adv.  and  sep.  pref.,  off,  down, 
away  (from). 

ber  3lbenb,  -3,  -e,  evening,  west. 

ba3  Slbcnteuer,  -«,  -,  adventure. 

ober,  cow;'.,  but,  however  ;  adi>., 
again. 

ab'gemeffen,  part.  adv.  (ab= 
tneffen),  precisely,  exactly, 
making  adjustments. 

ab'getragen,  part.  adj.  (abtragen), 
worn,  worn  off  or  out. 

ttb'lefyncn,  sep.  tr.  (fyaben),  to  de- 
cline, refuse  ;  lean,  turn 
aside. 

ob'mcffen  (tnifet  ab),  mafe  ab,  fjat 
abgetneffen,  tr.,  to  measure  off, 
adjust  ;  consider,  weigh 
(words,  acts)  ;  abgemeffen, 
precisely,  exactly. 

ob'fdjlagen  (fcfjliigt  ab),  fcfjlug  ab, 
f)at  abgefcfjlagen,  tr.,  to  decline, 
refuse,  reject. 

ab'fdjrdbcn,  fdjrteb  ab,  I»at  ab= 
gefc^rieben,  //-.,  to  copy,  tran- 
scribe. 

bie  9(6'fd)rift,  -,  -en,  copy, 
transcript. 


bie   Hb'ftcfyt,   -,   -en,   intention, 

purpose,  design. 
ob'ttagen    (trftgt   ab),    tritg   ab, 

t)at  abgetragen,  tr.,  to  remove, 

carry  off  ;    wear  off  or  out. 
ab'trodnen,    sep.   tr.  (b,aben),  to 

dry,  wipe  away. 
ab'tofirt^,     adv.,     down,     down 

along,  downwards. 
ob'ttjcfircn,  sep.   tr.    C&aben),   to 

guard,    keep    off,    ward    off, 

avert. 
ob'nnfcfyen,   sep.   tr.   (fjaben),   to 

wipe  off. 
ad),     interj.,     ah!     oh!     alas! 

21$  unb  2Be{»  fdjreten,  sigh  and 

cry,  groan  and  moan  ;     aber 

a$,  bod)  adj,  but  oh ! 
adjt,  num.,  eight. 
adU^clin,  num.,  eighteen. 
ad)t5cb,nt    (-er,   -e,   -e«),   num. 

adj.,  eighteenth. 
ad)tjig,  num.,  eighty. 
odisen,    reg.    intr.     (fiaben),    to 

groan,  moan,  cry  nad)." 
ber    Stder,     -«,    ",    field,    land, 

(acre), 
ber    $lbam,    -8,    proper    name, 

Adam. 


1 


Sibct 


anberS 


ber  9tbcl,  -3,  -,  nobility. 

bte  &bcr,  -,  -n,  artery,  vein. 

ber  Slbttofat',  -en,  -en,  advocate, 
lawyer. 

ber  Sttinfjm,  -n,  -en,  ancestor, 
forefather. 

fif)n(uf),  adj.  (dat.),  similar,  like. 

bte  Burning,  -,  -en,  presenti- 
ment, suspicion,  idea. 

afinungSDoC,  adj.,  ominous,  fore- 
boding, presageful. 

att,  adj.  and  pron.,  all,  entire, 
whole  ;  uHeS,  every  one, 
everything  ;  afle$  unb  jebeS, 
each  and  all,  everything  ; 
bor  attetn,  first  of  all  ;  ttmS 
alteS,  whatever. 

attein'(e),  indeclinable  adj., 
alone  ;  adv.,  solely,  only  ; 
conj.,  but,  yet,  only. 

attemal,  adv.,  always  ;  etnmal 
fiir  aflemal,  once  for  all. 

aflgcmein',  adj.,  general,  com- 
mon, universal  ;  im  atl= 
getnetnen,  in  general. 

atttterberb'Hd),  adj.,  all-destroy- 
ing. 

attttcrt)in'bernb,  part,  adj.,  all- 
hindering,  all-obstructing. 

aflju,  adv.,  too,  all  too. 

ofljugeUnb,  adj.,  too  indulgent, 
(all)  too  gentle. 

aDpgrof?,  adj.,  (all)  too  great, 
excessive. 

ttlS,  conj.,  when,  as,  since  ; 
as  if  ;  after  a  negative,  but, 
except  ;  after  a  comparative, 
than  ;  after  nouns  in  ap- 
position, as  ;  al6  nun,  now 


when  ;  nidjt  alS  bt3,  not 
until. 

atebamt',  adv.,  then. 

alto,  adv.,  so,  thus  ;  conj., 
then,  so,  accordingly,  hence, 
therefore. 

alt  (alter,  ftlt(e)ft),  adj.,  aged, 
old  ;  ancient  ;  former  ;  as 
noun,  bte  Sllten,  old  people, 
forefathers  ;  the  ancients  ; 
ber  3IIte,  old  man,  father  ; 
ba3  Sllte,  the  old  order  or 
arrangement. 

ber  3((tor'  or  SCI'tSr,  -3,  -e  or 
*e,  altar. 

bag  Sitter,  -3,  -,  age,  old  age  ; 
the  aged,  old  people. 

altern,  intr.  (fetn  and  fjaben), 
to  grow  old,  age,  decline. 

am  =  an  bem. 

ba«  Stmt,  -(e)«,  "er,  office,  em- 
ployment, situation. 

on,  prep.  (dat.  or  ace.),  sep. 
accented  pref.,  and  adv.,  at, 
beside,  by  ;  in,  on  ;  to, 
towards  ;  of,  in  the  way  of. 

bte  Anatomic',  -,  anatomy. 

ber  Sfnbltd,  -(e)3,  -e,  sight,  view  ; 
look,  glance  ;  with  possessive 
adj.,  the  sight  of  .... 

an'bltden,  sep.  tr.  (Ijaben),  to 
look  at,  view. 

anbcr,  adj.,  other,  different  ; 
second,  next  ;  following  ; 
etn  anbrer,  another,  some  one 
else. 

anbcr3,  adv.,  differently,  other- 
wise ;  (et)tt)a3  anberS,  some- 
thing different  or  else. 


anbritcfen 


Slntrteb 


an'briirfen,   sep.   tr.    (fjaben),   to 

press,    push  ;       with   an,    to 

press  close,  hold  tight. 
an'faflen  (fciflt  an),  fief  an,  f)at 

angefatlen,   tr.,   to   fall   upon, 

attack  ;    seize, 
ber  9tnfang,  -(e)3,  *e,  beginning, 

commencement. 
an'fangcn    (fangt   an),   fing   an, 

fjat  angefangen,   tr.  and  intr., 

to  begin,  commence. 
an'faffen,    sep.    tr.    (fjaben),    to 

take  hold  of,  grasp,  seize. 
an'geben  (gibt  an),  gab  an,  fiat 

angegeben,  tr.,   to   allege,   de- 
clare,   cite,    state,    indicate  ; 

suggest,  propose,  design,  plan. 
an'gefjiJren,    sep.     intr.     (dat.) 

(Ijaben),  to  belong  to. 
angelefjnt,  part.  adj.  (anlefjnen), 

ajar,  leaned  on. 
ber   Singer,   -6,   -,   grass   plot, 

common,  meadow,  green, 
bte  9lngft,  -,  "e,  anxiety,  fear, 
a'ngftltcf),  adj.,  anxious,  timid, 

apprehensive. 
an'fjolten  (fjttlt  an),  Ijtelt  an,  fjat 

angefjaften,  tr.,  to  check,  stop, 

hold  in  ;    refl.,  to  restrain  or 

control  one's  self, 
ber  Mnliang,  -(e)3,  *e,  appendix, 

supplement. 
an'Iegcn,    sep.    tr.    (fjaben),    to 

put  on,  lay  on  ;    take  aim. 
on'fefjnen,   sep.   tr.    (fjaben),   to 

lean  on  or  against  ;    leave  (a 

door)  ajar  ;     angetefjnt,  ajar, 

leaning  on. 
an'Hcgcn,  lag  an,  tjat  angelegen, 


intr.  (dat.},  to  fit  ;  lie  close 
to,  be  adjacent,  border  on. 

an'lorfen,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
attract,  entice,  tempt. 

on'mafeen,  sep.  refl.  (gen.),  to 
assume,  usurp,  claim. 

bte  Mnmerfung,  -,  -en,  note, 
comment. 

bte  9tnmut,  -,  charm,  grace. 

on'ne^mcn  (mmtnt  an),  nafjm  an, 
fiat  angenommen,  tr.,  to  ac- 
cept, receive  ;  assume,  pre- 
suppose ;  refl.  (gen.),  in- 
terest one's  self  in,  take 
charge  of. 

on'fdjauen,  sep.  tr.  (f)aben),  to 
look  at,  observe,  witness. 

an'fef)trfen,  sep.  refl.  (fiaben),  to 
set  about,  prepare,  make 
ready. 

an'fefien  (ftefit  an),  fab.  an,  fiat 
angefeljen,  tr.,  to  look  at, 
regard  ;  (with  dat.),  to  see  in 
one,  detect  by  one's  looks. 

bte  9(nftalt,  -,  -en,  plan,  prepara- 
tion ;  establishment  ;  under- 
taking, enterprise. 

ber  ?lntett,  -(e)3,  -e,  lot,  share, 
interest,  sympathy. 

anrtf,  adj.,  antique,  old,  classic. 

bte  Slnti'fe,  -,  -en,  antiquity, 
antique  art. 

ber  Slntrag,  -(e)3,  ae,  proposal, 
offer. 

on'tretben,  trteb  an,  fiat  ange= 
trteben,  tr.,  to  drive  on,  urge 
on  ;  impel,  encourage. 

ber  Stntrieb,  -(e)«,  -e,  inclina- 
tion, impulse,  stimulus. 


2(ntroort 


bte  Stntwort,  -,  -en,  answer. 

antrtJOtten,  tr.  and  intr.  (dat.) 
(fjaben),  to  answer. 

an'tierirauen,  sep.  tr.  (dat.) 
(fjaben),  to  entrust  to. 

an'sietjen,  jog  an,  fjat  angejogen, 
tr.,  to  put  on,  dress. 

ber  Styfel,  -3,  ",  apple,  pupil 
(of  the  eye). 

ber  3(i)fdbaum,  -3,  "e,  apple 
tree. 

ber  Slpollu  Bon  Sdnebere,  -£, 
Proper  name,  Apollo  of  the 
Belvedere,  a  celebrated  statue 
of  antiquity  now  in  the 
Vatican  at  Rome.  It  is  gen- 
erally accepted  as  the  ideally 
perfect  form  of  man. 

bte  StpotJje'fe,  -,  -n,  apothecary's 
shop,  drug  store. 

ber  9lpotf}e'fer,  -3,  -,  apothecary. 

bte  Arbeit,  -,  -en,  work,  labor. 

arbettcn,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  work. 

ber  SIrbett3mann,  -(e)3,  "er  or 
-leitte,  workman,  laborer. 

ber  sJ(ra.U)i>fjn,  -3,  suspicion,  mis- 
trust. 

arm  (firmer,  iirtnft),  adj.,  poor, 
miserable,  unfortunate, 

wretched  ;  as  noun,  bie 
SIrmen,  poor  people. 

ber  2frm,  -(e)3,  -e,  arm. 

bte  5lrmiit,  -,  poverty. 

arrangtrcn  =  arrangteren,  tr. 
(fjaben),  to  arrange,  put  in 
order. 

bte  $Jrt,  -,  -en,  way,  manner, 
style  ;  kind,  species. 

bte  2lfd|e,  -,  -en  (rare},  ashes. 


ber  9lft,  -(e)«,  "e,  large  branch, 
bough. 

oftfjctifd),  adj.,  aesthetic. 

ber  3(tem,  -8,  breath. 

ba^  3lti)cn'f  -^,  proper  name, 
Athens,  the  capital  of  Greece 
and  the  center  of  ancient 
Greek  art. 

and),  adv.,  too,  also,  besides, 
likewise  ;  even  ;  audj  ntrfjt, 
not  .  .  .  either  ;  autf)  fo  = 
ebenfo,  just  so  :  toenn  .  .  . 
aud),  even  if,  although  ;  ttrie 
or  fo  .  .  .  and),  as,  however  ; 
after  a  relative  pronoun  or 
adverb,  whoever,  whatever  ; 
really,  indeed. 

bte  9(ue,  -,  -n,  meadow. 

Oltf,  prep.  (dat.  or  ace.},  on, 
upon  ;  at  ;  for  ;  to,  toward, 
in  ;  in  search  of  ;  sep.  ac- 
cented pref .  and  adv.,  up, 
upon,  upwards,  open  ;  out  ; 
inter j.,  up !  ;  auf3  befte,  in 
the  best  way  ;  auf  einmal, 
suddenly  ;  aufg  neue,  anew, 
again  ;  auf  erotg,  forever. 

auf'bewafjren,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben), 
to  store  up,  treasure  ;  keep, 
preserve,  guard. 

ttiiffofiren  (faf)rt  auf),  fufjr  auf,  tft 
aufgefafjren,  intr.,  to  drive  up  ; 
start  up,  fly  into  a  passion. 

ouf'forbcrn,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
challenge,  rally,  urge,  in- 
vite, summon. 

auf'geljen,  gtng  auf,  tft  auf= 
gegangen,  intr.,  to  rise,  mount, 
go  up  ;  open. 


auffjaltcn 


ouf 'ftalten  (fjalt  auf),  f)ielt  auf, 
fjat  aufgefjalten,  tr.,  to  check, 
stem,  hold  up  ;  refl.,  to  re- 
main, stay,  tarry. 

aitf'f)cben,  fjob  auf,  Ijat  aufge= 
fyoben,  tr.,  to  lift  up,  raise, 
pick  up. 

ouf'larficn,  sep.  intr.  (fjaben),  to 
laugh  out,  burst  out  laugh- 
ing. 

auf'legcn,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to  lay 
upon,  impose. 

ouf'lbfen,  sep.  refl.  (fjaben),  to 
dissolve,  loosen,  disintegrate  ; 
sever,  be  annulled. 

bie  Stufmcrffamfett,  -,  -en,  at- 
tention, attentiveness. 

bie  9lufnaf)tne,  -,  -n,  reception, 
taking  up. 

ouf'nefymcn  (ntmmt  auf),  nafjm 
auf,  fyat  aufgenommen,  tr.,  to 
take  up  or  in,  receive,  shelter. 

ouf'regett,  sep.  tr.  (fyaben),  to 
arouse,  excite,  awaken,  stir  up. 

ouf3  =  auf  bag. 

auf'fcf)Hefjen,  fd&Iofj  auf,  f>at  auf* 
gefcf)Ioffen,  tr.,  to  open,  un- 
lock ;  disclose,  reveal. 

(Utf'feljen,  sep.  tr.  (fyaben),  to  set 
up,  put  on  ;  establish  ;  set 
down,  rest,  plant. 

auf'ftefjcn,  ftanb  auf,  tft  aufge= 
ftauben,  intr.,  to  stand  up, 
arise  ;  stand  open. 

ouf'ftetgen,  ftieg  auf,  tft  auf= 
geftiegen,  intr.,  to  rise,  ascend, 
mount. 

ouf'fudjen,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
seek  out,  search  for. 


ber  Sluftrag,  -(e)6,  "e,  errand, 
commission. 

auf'tun,  tat  auf,  I)at  aufgetan, 
tr.,  to  open  ;  refl.,  open  up, 
expand. 

auf'ttmcfifett  (loiicfyft  auf),  ttmdjg 
auf,  ift  aufgettiacf)fen,  intr.,  to 
grow  up. 

bag  Slugc,  -(e)«,  -n,  eye  ;  tn6 
2luge  faffen,  to  attract  one's 
attention,  catch  one's  eye  ; 
in^  Stuge  faffen,  to  look  at, 
view  ;  im  2luge  I)aben,  to  have 
in  view  ;  unter  ben  Slugen, 
under  the  guidance  or  watch- 
fulness of. 

ber  3lugen6ttcf,  -(e)g,  -e,  in- 
stant, moment. 

augcnblictHd),  adv.,  instantly,  at 
once,  immediately. 

bag  Slugenpoor,  -(e)g,  -e,  pair  of 
eyes. 

bag  $uglcht,  -g,  -,  dim.,  little 
eye. 

ber  Sluguft,  -g,  proper  name, 
August. 

ber  2luguftlt3,  -,  proper  name, 
Augustus  ;  Octavius  Caesar 
(63  B.C.-14  A.D.),  the  first 
Aoman  Emperor. 

ait3,  prep,  (dat.),  from,  out  of  ; 
of,  because  of  ;  adv.  and 
sep.  pref.,  out,  forth  ;  over, 
at  an  end  ;  Don  t)ter  au«, 
from  here,  from  this  place. 

au3'6effern,  sep.  tr.  (t)aben),  to 
mend,  repair,  restore,  im- 
prove. 

ber  5lu3&rud),  -(e)S,  "e,  outbreak. 


auSbenfcn 


aitvitrccfcit 


au^'benfen,  badjte  aug,  fjat  aug= 
gebadjt,  tr.,  to  think  out,  de- 
vise, contrive. 

ausbriicflid),  adj.,  explicit,  ex- 
press. 

ber  9(udgang,  -(e)S,  *e,  outcome, 
result,  issue. 

au^'gebeffett,  part.  adj.  (aug= 
beffern),  repaired,  improved. 

aud'gcftattct,  part.  adj.  (aug= 
flatten),  fitted  out,  supplied 
(with  a  marriage  dowry). 

aug'geftorben,  part.  adj.  (aug= 
fterben),  deserted,  desolate, 
died  out. 

aitS'gesddjnet,  part,  adj.,  ex- 
cellent, superior. 

au3'grabcn  (grabt  aug),  grub  aug, 
Ijat  auggegraben,  tr.,  to  dig  out. 

auS'fjalten  (^alt  aug),  f)ielt  aug, 
h,at  auggefyalten,  <r.,  to  main- 
tain, sustain  ;  intr.,  hold 
out,  persevere,  persist,  con- 
tinue. 

aitv'fommcn,  fam  au^,  ift  au^= 
gefommen,  intr.,  to  come  out, 
go  out. 

bag  9fu3lanb,  -(e)3,  "er,  foreign 
land. 

oitS'Iefen  (tieft  au«),  Ia«  au«*  (>at 
auSgelefen,  tr.,  to  choose,  se- 
lect ;  draft. 

au3'nef)men  (nttnmt  au«),  nafjm 
au§,  ^at  aiiSgenotmnen,  tr.,  to 
except,  take  out  ;  refl.,  to 
appear,  look. 

nuS'reben,  sep.  intr.  (fjaben),  to 
speak  out,  finish  speaking  ; 
speak  freely. 


ait^'retjten,  rife  auS,  b,at  au6= 
gertffen,  ir.,  to  tear  out,  pull 
out. 

au3'ftf)Iiefcen,  fdjlofi  au«,  fjat  au^= 
gefdjloffen,  tr.,  to  exclude,  shut 
out,  lock  out. 

bag  9lu3fef)en,  -8,  appearance, 
looks. 

aufjen,  a<f».,  out,  outside,  with- 
out ;  out-of-doors  ;  nadj 
aufeen,  toward  strangers, 
abroad,  away  from  home. 

bag  Slufeenbletben,  -3,  staying 
out,  continued  absence. 

aitfeer,  prep,  (dat.),  out  of,  ex- 
cept, besides. 

auf?er,  adj.,  outer,  outward  ; 
bog  Sujjere,  outward  appear- 
ance, exterior. 

bie  ?(u3fi<f)t,  -,  -en,  prospect, 
view,  outlook. 

ouS'fpotten,  sep.  tr.  (fyaben),  to 
laugh  at,  ridicule. 

auS'fpredjen,  (fprid)t  aug),  fprad) 
aug,  f>at  auggefprocfien,  tr., 
to  pronounce,  speak  out  ; 
express,  speak  freely. 

ou^'ftotten,  sep.  tr.  (friben),  to 
equip,  fit  out  (with  a  mar- 
riage dowry). 

auS'ftetgen,  ftteg  aug,  ift  aug= 
geftiegen,  intr.,  to  alight,  step 
out. 

ou§'fterbcn  (ftirbt  aug),  ftarb  au«, 
ift  auggeftorben,  intr.,  to  die 
out;  auggeftorben,  desolate, 
deserted,  quiet  as  the  grave. 

au^'ftrerfcn,  sep.  tr.  (fyaben),  to 
stretch  out,  extend. 


auStetlen 


bebenttttfi 


au^'tcUcn,  sep.  tr.  (fyabcn),  to 
divide,  distribute. 

aitviucHbig,  adv.  (with  lernen), 
learn  by  heart. 

ouS'ateren,  sep.  tr.  (f)aben),  to 
decorate,  adorn,  ornament. 

Me  2(utobtograpb,te',  -,  -en,  auto- 
biography. 

23 

ber  23arf>,  -(e)«,  "e,  brook. 

ber  5Bacf)trog,  -(e)8,  "e,  kneading 

trough, 
bte   ^al)ii,  -,  -en,   track,  road, 

path  ;    career. 

ber  S3ab,nbrcc6,cr,  -$,  -,  pioneer. 
bafb,      adv.,      soon,      quickly  ; 

readily  ;    balb  .  .  .  balb,  now 

.  .  .  now,  at  one  time  .  .  . 

at  another  ;     gar  balb,  very 

soon  ;  balbc,  archaic  for  balb. 
ber  23alfcn,  -3,  -,  beam,  timber, 
bte  SBafla'be,  -,  -it,  ballad. 
batten,  tr.  and  refl.  (f)aben),  to 

roll  up  ;   clench,  double  up. 
ba8    S3anb,    -(e)«,    "er,    band, 

ribbon  ;       (plu.    -e),    bond, 

fetter,  tie. 

bte  SBanbe,  -/  -n,  band,  troop, 
banbigcn,  tr.   (fyaben),  to  tame, 

subdue,  control,  restrain, 
bang(c),    adj.,    timid,    anxious, 

fearful,  afraid, 
bte  83onf,  -,  "e,  bench,  seat, 
bte     23armfi,er'5igfett,     -,     -en, 

mercy,  pity,  charity, 
ber  S3aron',  -8,  -e,  baron. 
bte  S3arfcb,aft,  -,  -en,  cash,  ready 

money. 


ber  SBoiKb,,  -(e)8,  "e,  stomach, 
paunch  ;  ben  33au(^  fatten,  to 
hold  one's  sides  (with 
laughter). 

batten,  tr.  ({jaben),  to  build, 
erect  ;  cultivate. 

ber  S3auer,  -8  or  -n,  -n,  farmer, 
peasant. 

biut(e)rifd),  adj.,  rustic,  peasant- 
like  (boorish),  countrified. 

ber  SBaufyerr,  -n,  -en,  contractor, 
builder  ;  superintendent  of 
public  works. 

bie  23oufunft,  -,  "e,  art  of  build- 
ing, architecture. 

ber  Soitm,  -(e)«,  "e,  tree  ; 
beam,  timber  ;  93aum  ber 
gretfjeit,  liberty  pole. 

be-,  insep.  pref.  not  accented. 

Delicti,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  tremble, 
quiver. 

ber  SBedjer,  -8,  -,  beaker,  cup, 
goblet. 

bcbadjt',  part.  adj.  (bebenfen), 
mindful  of,  intent  on. 

beba'tfy'ttg,  adj.,  cautious,  dis- 
creet, deliberate,  measured 
(of  steps). 

bebou'ern,  tr.  (Iwben),  to  pity,  be 
sorry  for,  regret. 

bebcd'en,  tr.  (f>aben),  to  cover, 
obscure  ;  (bedeck)  ;  bebedt, 
covered,  obscured. 

beben'fcn,  bebadjte,  f)at  bebadjt,  tr., 
to  consider,  care  for,  think  of, 
be  mindful  of ;  refl.,  deliberate, 
think  over,  reflect  upon. 

bcbcnf'ttd),  adj.,  thoughtful, 
timid,  reflecting  ;  serious 


bebcuten 


8 


Segicr(be) 


solemn,  awe-inspiring;  doubt- 
ful, hazardous  ;  apprehen- 
sive, superstitious,  suspi- 
cious. 

bcbcu'ten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  mean, 
signify  ;  indicate  ;  bebeu= 
tenb,  significant,  serious, 
meaning  ;  distinguished,  im- 
portant ;  emphatic,  impres- 
sive. 

bte  S$ebeu'tung,  -,  -en,  definition, 
meaning,  significance. 

bebte'tten,  tr.  (fyaben),  wait  on, 
serve  ;  bebtent,  waited  on, 
served. 

bebtng'enb,  part.  adj.  (bebtngen), 
conditional,  constraining. 

bebro'fien,  tr.  (l)aben),  to 
threaten  ;  admonish,  re- 
monstrate with. 

bte  23ebriirf'ung,  -/  -en,  oppres- 
sion. 

bebiir'fen  (bebarf),  bebitrfte,  f>at 
beburft,  intr.  (gen?)  and,  tr., 
to  want,  be  in  need  of, 
require. 

ba«  Sebitrf'mS,  -(ff)e«,  -(ff)e, 
need,  want  ;  collectively, 
needs,  wants  ;  cwS  93eburfnt3, 
of  necessity. 

bebiirf'rtg,  adj.,  wanting,  in 
need  of  (gen.). 

befoh/ren  (befftfirt),  bcfuh,r,  Ijat 
befafjren,  tr.,  to  traverse,  travel 
over. 

befal'len  (befattt),  beftel,  f>at  be= 
fallen,  tr.,  to  attack,  fall 
upon  ;  befall,  come  upon, 
overtake,  surprise. 


befch/fcn  (befic()tt),  bcfaf)!,  ^at 
befotyfen,  tr.,  to  charge,  direct, 
command  ;  entrust,  com- 
mend to  ;  ©riifce  bcfeblen,  to 
send  greetings. 

befcf'ttgcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  fasten, 
attach. 

befin'ben,  befanb,  b,at  befunben,  tr., 
to  find,  esteem  ;  refl.,  be, 
fare,  find  one's  self,  feel. 

bcflci'jt(tg)cn,  befttfc,  fjat  befftffen, 
refl.,  to  busy  one's  self  with 
(gen.)  ;  attend  to,  carry  on. 

bcfro'gen,  tr.  (f»aben),  to  ask, 
question  ;  refl.,  inquire  about 
(nacf)). 

befrci'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  free, 
deliver,  rescue,  set  free. 

befrie'btgcn,  tr.  ((jaben),  to  ap- 
pease ;  please,  satisfy. 

befiifc/len,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  feel  of, 
handle. 

bcge'ben  (begibt),  begab,  fi^at  be= 
geben,  refl.,  to  betake  one's 
self,  go,  repair,  set  out  ; 
expose  one's  self  to. 

begcg'ncn,  intr.  (dat.)  (fetn),  to 
meet,  encounter  ;  happen  ; 
treat,  act  towards. 

bege'Ijen,  begtng,  f»at  begangen, 
tr.,  to  celebrate. 

begcfi/ren,  tr.  ({)aben),  to  desire, 
demand,  crave,  wish,  ask  for. 

begct'frcrn,  tr.  (f»aben),  to  inspire, 
fill  with  enthusiasm. 

bte  SBegei'fterung,  -,  -en,  in- 
spiration, enthusiasm. 

bte  Scgicr'(bc),  -,  -n,  desire, 
longing. 


begiertg 


9 


befennen 


bcgtc'rig  (nadj  or  auf),  adj.,  de- 
sirous, impatient  ;  eager  for 
(gen.). 

bcgtn'nen,  begann,  fjat  begonnen, 
tr.  and  intr.,  to  begin,  com- 
mence ;  do,  undertake  ;  as 
noun,  ba3  33eginnen,  -3,  act, 
action,  conduct,  enterprise, 
proceeding  ;  tntt  blinbem 
33egtmten,  blindly. 

beglei'ten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  accom- 
pany. 

ber  SBeglci'ter,  -3,  -,  companion, 
escort. 

begtiicf'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  make 
happy,  bless  ;  begtiicft,  happy, 
happily. 

bie  SBegna'bigung,  -,  -en,  mercy, 
pardon,  grace. 

begnii'gen,  refl.  (fjaben),  to  con- 
tent one's  self,  be  satisfied. 

ber  S3egriff,  -(e)«,  -e,  idea, 
notion  ;  itn  Segriff  fetn,  to  be 
on  the  point  of,  be  about  to. 

begrii'fcen,  tr.  (f)aben),  to  greet. 

begun'fttgcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  favor, 
befriend,  support. 

begii'tert,  part,  adj.,  rich,  well- 
to-do,  well-dowered. 

bef)d'gen,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  please, 
suit  ;  impersonal,  it  is  pleas- 
ing, gratifying. 

befyag'ltd),  adj.,  contented,  com- 
fortable ;  complacent,  easy- 
going. 

befjan'beln,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  treat, 
handle. 

bedar'ren,  intr.  (b,aben),  to  per- 
sist in  (auf)  ;  continue, 


persevere  in  ;  auf  bem  <2tnne 
befjarren,  to  stand  steadfast, 
adhere  to  one's  purpose. 

befiau'en,  beljaute,  ^at  befjauen, 
tr.,  to  hew,  mow. 

beb,(UH>'ten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  main- 
tain, assert,  uphold. 

beljen'b(e),  adv.,  quickly. 

be^err'fdien,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  mas- 
ter, control,  rule  over,  govern. 

bet,  prep,  (dat.),  adv.,  and  sep. 
pref.,  at,  near,  by,  in,  on, 
with,  among  ;  at  the  house 
of  ;  in  connection  with  ;  in 
addition  to  ;  bet  ftdj  felbft,  to 
himself  ;  bet  unS,  in  our  town, 
at  our  house. 

beibc,  num.  adj.  plu.,  both,  two. 

ber  Set'fafl,  -«,  applause,  ap- 
proval. 

bctm  =  bei  bem. 

beino'fjc,  adv.,  nearly,  almost. 

beifam'men,  adv.,  together. 

betfet'te,  adv.,  aside. 

ba«  Set'fpicl,  -8,  -e,  example. 

bei'fte^en,  ftanb  bet,  b,at  beige* 
ftanben,  intr.  (dat.),  to  stand 
by,  help,  assist. 

bei^ei'ten,  adv.,  betimes,  early. 

bcfonnt',  part.  adj.  (befennen),  ac- 
quainted, known  ;  e3  tft  mtr 
befannt,  I  know  ;  as  noun, 
ber,  bie  93efannte,  acquaint- 
ance. 

bie  Sefonnt'frfjaft,  -,  -en,  ac- 
quaintance. 

befen'nen,  befannte,  ^at  befannt, 
tr.,  to  acknowledge,  admit, 
confess. 


10 


bag   SBefennt'niS,  -(ff)eg,  -(ff)e, 

confession,   acknowledgment. 
bcf  Ict'ben,  tr.  (faben),  to  clothe ;  ein 

3Imt  befletben,  to  hold  an  office. 
bcflcm'mcn,  tr.   (fjaben),  to  op- 
press ;     afflict,  grieve  ;     be* 

flenttnt       (also      beflotnmen), 

anxious,  oppressed. 
befihn'mern,  refl.  (ftaben),  to  be 

anxious  or   concerned  about 

(urn). 
belo'ben,  betub,  hat  belaben,  tr., 

to    load  ;        belaben,    loaded 

down,  heavy-laden, 
bclc'bcn,  lr.  (fjaben),  to  enliven, 

animate  ;     ttn  ganjen  beleben, 

to  be  the  life  and  soul  of. 
belet'btgen,  tr.  (boben),  to  offend, 

insult. 
Me  SBelet'bigung,  -,  -en,  insult, 

injury,  offense, 
bie  SBeleutfy'tung,  -,  -en,  light, 

illumination, 
bag    SBelte'ben,    -g,    inclination, 

pleasure,  liking. 
beloh/nen,  tr.  (haben),  to  reward, 

repay, 
bemer'fen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  mark, 

remark  ;   record,  note  ;   take 

notice  of. 
bie  SBetner'fung,  -,  -en,  remark, 

observation. 
bemii'b,ett,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  trouble  ; 

refl.,  to  take  pains,  exert  one's 

self,    strive    for    (um)  ;       as 

noun,  bag  93emiif)en,  -g,  effort, 

labor,  trouble, 
bie  23emii'f)iing,  -,  -en,  effort, 

endeavor  ;   trouble,  pains. 


bag  SBeneb/tncn,  -g,  conduct,  be- 
havior ;  manner,  bearing. 

bequem',  adj.,  comfortable,  con- 
venient, easy. 

bequcm'Itd),  adj.  (=  bequem), 
comfortable,  convenient, 
easy. 

bie  SBera'tung,  -,  -en,  consulta- 
tion, deliberation. 

berci'^ern,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  enrich. 

bereit',  adj.,  ready,  prepared. 

berei'ten,  tr.  (b,aben),  to  prepare, 
make  ready  ;  ^rilfe  bereiten, 
to  aid,  give  help  ;  as  noun, 
bag  33ereiten,  -g,  preparing, 
preparation. 

bereu'en,  tr.  (^aben),  to  repent, 
regret,  rue. 

ber  S3erg,  -(e)g,  -e,  hill,  moun- 
tain ;  =  SBetnberg,  vineyard. 

bergan',  adv.,  uphill. 

ber  93ergbau,  -(e)g,  mining, 
working  of  mines. 

bergen  (birgt),  barg,  f>at  gt= 
borgen,  tr.,  to  secure  ;  save  ; 
protect  ;  geborgcn,  provided 
for. 

bergitn'ter,  adv.,  downhill. 

ber  Seric^t',  -(e)g,  -e,  account, 
report. 

bag  23ertt(f)tngctt,  -g,  proper 
name,  Gotz  von  Berlichingen, 
hero  and  title  of  one  of 
Goethe's  first  dramas. 

ber  SBcruf,  -(e)g,  -e,  calling, 
occupation,  profession. 

beru'ftigen,  tr.  (fiaben),  to  quiet, 
calm,  comfort,  reassure  ; 
refl.,  compose  one's  self. 


bcriitjmt 


11 


beffer 


befiifimt',  part,  adj.,  famous, 
renowned. 

bie  Scrub/rung,  -,  -en,  touch, 
contact. 

befonf'tigen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  ap- 
pease, pacify,  soothe. 

befcf)a'bigen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
wound,  injure,  harm,  hurt. 

befd)af'tigen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  oc- 
cupy, busy  ;  refl.,  be  engaged 
in,  occupy  one's  self  with. 

befcfja'men,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  shame, 
confuse,  embarrass  ;  be= 
fcf)am(e)t,  embarrassed,  con- 
fused, ashamed. 

bie  SBefdja'mimg,  -,  -en,  con- 
fusion, shame,  humiliation. 

befcf)et'ben,  adj.,  modest,  dis- 
creet, bashful. 

befcftenft',  part.  adj.  (befdjenfen), 
presented  with  gifts. 

befcfie'ren,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  give, 
bestow  upon. 

befdjlei'djen,  befdjltd:),  fjat  be= 
fdjltrfien,  tr.,  to  come  over, 
steal  upon. 

befcfjttc'fjen,  befdjfofe,  fjat.  be= 
fdjfoffen,  tr.,  to  close,  finish  ; 
resolve,  determine. 

befd)miifc'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  pol- 
lute, defile,  soil. 

bcfdjronf'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  limit, 
restrict,  circumscribe,  ham- 
per ;  befd^ranft,  limited, 
narrow. 

befdjrd'ben,  tr.  (tjaben),  to  de- 
scribe. 

bie  Skfdjret'bung,  -,  -en,  descrip- 
tion. 


befdjiife'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  defend, 
protect,  guard. 

bie  5Befd)tt)er'be,  -,  -en,  burden  ; 
trouble,  trial,  annoyance. 

beftfjttie'ren,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  bur- 
den, load,  weigh  down. 

befe^'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  occupy, 
take. 

befie'gen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  conquer, 
defeat. 

bie  SBeftn'nung,  -,  senses,  reason ; 
presence  of  mind  ;  coming  to 
one's  senses. 

ber  ffieftt?',  -e«,  -e,  possession, 
property. 

beftij'en,  befafj,  fjat  befeffen,  tr., 
to  own,  possess. 

ber  SScfi^'er,  -«,  -,  owner, 
proprietor,  possessor  ;  land- 
owner. 

bag  23eftl?'titm,  -8,  aer,  possession. 

bie  Scft^'ung,  -,  -en,  property, 
estate,  possession. 

befon'bcr,  adj.,  special,  par- 
ticular, significant. 

bcfon'ber^,  adv.,  above  all,  es- 
pecially, particularly. 

befor'gen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  look 
after,  attend  to  ;  bag  gelb 
beforgen,  to  cultivate  the 
field  ;  beforgt,  troubled,  anx- 
ious, concerned. 

bie  83eforg'nt3,  -,  -(ff)e,  anxiety, 
solicitude. 

befpredj'en  (befpridfjt),  befpracf), 
b,at  befprodfjen,  tr.,  to  discuss, 
talk  over. 

beffer,  adj.  (comparative  of  gut), 
better  ;  as  noun,  ber  33effere, 


bcffern 


12 


beitgen 


the  better  man  ;  bag  Seffere, 
the  better  part ;  higher,  nobler 
things. 

beffern,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  improve, 
make  better. 

beft,  adj.  (superlative  of  gut), 
best  ;  ant  beften,  auf3  befte, 
§utn  beften,  for  the  best,  in 
the  best  way  ;  jum  beften 
fjaben,  to  make  fun  of  ;  as 
noun,  ba3  93efte,  the  best. 

bcftan'big,  adj.,  constant,  firm, 
steady  ;  settled. 

beftecfi'en  (befttdjt),  beftadb,,  fjat 
beftodjen,  tr.,  to  bribe  ;  in- 
spire, incline. 

befte'f)en,  beftanb,  fjat  beftanbert, 
intr.,  to  exist,  maintain  one's 
self  ;  endure,  continue  ; 
beftefjen  aits,  to  consist  of. 

beftet'gen,  beftteg,  fjat  befrtegen, 
tr.,  to  mount,  ascend  ;  enter, 
get  into. 

beftel'Ien,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  order, 
appoint. 

befrim'men,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  deter- 
mine, decide  ;  allot,  assign  ; 
beftimmt,  definite,  engaged, 
spoken  for  ;  intended,  des- 
tined. 

bte  SBefrtm'mung,  -/  -en,  voca- 
tion, mission,  destiny. 

befrre'ben,  rejl.  (f)aben),  to  strive, 
exert  one's  self  ;  advance. 

befrrei'ten,  beftritt,  f>at  beftrttten, 
tr.,  to  oppose,  fight  against  ; 
meet  (expense). 

befrrttf'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  ensnare, 
seduce,  entrap. 


ber  Sefud),  -(e)8,  -e,  visit. 

bcfu'djcn,  tr.  (tjaben),  to  call  on, 
visit  ;  attend  (a  school). 

befii'beln,  tr.  (faben),  to  soil, 
defile,  contaminate. 

betrorfi'ten,  tr.  (tjaben),  to  look 
at,  observe,  consider. 

beira'gcn  (betragt),  betritg,  l>at 
betragen,  rejl.,  to  conduct  one's 
self,  behave. 

bctrcf'fcn  (betrtfft),  betraf,  f;at 
betroffen,  tr.,  to  befall,  happen 
to  one  ;  betroffen,  embar- 
rassed, surprised. 

betrci'bcn,  betrieb,  b,at  betrteben, 
tr.,  to  urge  or  press  on,  carry 
forward  ;  eS  tortc^t  betretben, 
to  act  or  carry  on  madly. 

betre'ten  (betritt),  betrat,  fjat 
betreten,  tr.,  to  step  upon, 
enter  ;  follow  ;  cross. 

betroffen,  part.  adj.  (betreffen), 
amazed,  surprised,  embar- 
rassed, confused. 

bctro'gcn,  part.  adj.  (betriigen), 
deceived,  disappointed. 

berrii'ben,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  trouble, 
distress,  grieve  ;  betriibt,  sad, 
sorrowful. 

betrii'gcn,  betrog,  {)at  betrogen, 
tr.,  to  deceive,  cheat,  dis- 
appoint. 

ba3  SBert(e),  -(e)6,  -en,  bed, 
feather  bed  ;  plu.,  bedding. 

ba«  Scttgefrett,  -(e)«,  -e,  bed- 
stead. 

ber  Settler,  -8,  -,  beggar. 

beugen,  rejl.  (b,oben),  to  bend, 
stoop. 


beurtetlen 


13 


beur'tcilcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  judge, 
estimate,  criticize. 

ber  iBeutd,  -3,  -,  purse,  bag  ; 
=  Jabafgbeutel,  tobacco- 
pouch. 

beDiil'fert,  part.  adj.  (bebolfern), 
populated,  populous. 

bet>or'freh,cn,  ftanb  beoor,  fyat 
betiorgeftanben,  intr.,  to  stand 
before  ;  impend,  hang  over, 
confront,  threaten,  await. 

bertmff'net,  part.  adj.  (betoaffnen), 
armed,  with  weapon  in 
hand. 

bettwfy'ren,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  pro- 
tect, guard,  preserve  ;  cher- 
ish, keep. 

benic'gen,  tr.  or  refl.  (fjaben),  to 
sway,  wave,  move,  touch  ; 
agitate,  excite  ;  induce  ; 
betoegt,  excited,  agitated. 

betoeg'Udj,  adj.,  movable, 
nimble  ;  changeable,  fickle. 

bie  S3ert>e'gung,  -,  -en,  motion, 
movement  ;  disturbance,  agi- 
tation. 

benrir'ten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  serve, 
entertain,  treat  hospitably. 

ber  SBeftob/ner,  -3,  -,  inhabitant, 
citizen,  resident. 

bettwn'bcrn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  ad- 
mire, wonder  at. 

bcsetcft/nett,  tr.  (fmben),  to  mark, 
indicate,  designate,  specify, 
characterize. 

beset'gen,  tr.  (fwben),  to  show, 
manifest,  exhibit,  express  ; 
refl.,  show  one's  self,  show 
proof  of. 


besnw'feln,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  doubt, 
(call  in)  question. 

bie  SBibet,  -,  -n,  Bible,  Scrip- 
ture. 

bie  S3tb(tograpb,ie',  -,  -en,  bibliog- 
raphy. 

liibltugr(l'pb,if(fir  adj.,  biblio- 
graphical. 

btebcr,  adj.,  upright,  honest, 
candid,  true. 

bie  aStcberfcit,  -,  honesty,  up- 
rightness, integrity. 

bag  S3ier,  -(e)«,  -e,  beer. 

bicten,  bot,  fjat  geboten,  tr.,  to 
offer,  afford. 

bag  SBilb,  -(e)g,  -er,  picture, 
image  ;  =  ©eftalt,  form, 
shape,  figure. 

billion,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  form,  mold, 
shape  ;  educate  ;  cultivate  ; 
develop,  grow  up  ;  flebtlbet, 
educated,  cultivated,  refined. 

bie  SSilbung,  -,  -en,  culture, 
civilization  ;  structure  ;  = 
©eftalt,  form,  figure. 

bifltg,  adj.,  proper,  just  ;  as  is 
proper  ;  of  right,  fitting,  fair. 

bie  5Biograpft,te',  -,  -en,  biog- 
raphy. 

biogra'Mifrf),  adj.,  biographical. 

ber  SBtrnbautn,  -(e)g,  "e,  pear 
tree. 

bi§,  conj.,  prep,  (ace.),  until,  to, 
as  far  as  ;  big  jum,  as  far  as. 

bi3f)cr'f  adv.,  until  now,  hitherto. 

bitter,  adj.,  bitter  ;  hard,  bit- 
ing ;  as  noun,  bag  S3ttt(e)re, 
the  bitter. 

bag  SBitoaf,  -g,  -g,  bivouac. 


blnnf 


14 


SBrctt 


blanf,  adj.,  bright,  shining, 
polished. 

blafc,  adj.,  pale. 

bag  S3iatt,  -(e)g,  "er,  leaf, 
(blade). 

Moil,  a<f/.,  blue. 

bte  SJMaue,  -,  blue,  azure,  blue- 
ness. 

bleiben,  blieb,  tft  geblteben,  intr., 
to  stay,  remain  ;  tnt  roetten 
bleiben,  to  be  postponed  in- 
definitely. 

blcicf),  adj.,  pale. 

ber  SBIeiglanj,  -eg,  galena,  pot- 
ter's ore,  blue  lead. 

blcnbcn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  blind, 
dazzle,  bewilder  ;  geblenbet, 
dazzled,  bewildered. 

ber  SItrf,  -(e)g,  -e,  look,  glance  ; 
appearance,  eye  ;  =  33Iilj, 
ray,  beam,  flash. 

bUrfen,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  look, 
gaze  ;  tr.,  to  show,  manifest, 
glance. 

blinb,  adj.,  blind  ;  mtt  blinbem 
SBegtnnen,  blindly. 

ba«  83lbfen,  -g,  bleating,  bellow- 
ing, lowing  of  cattle. 

bloft,  adv.,  only,  merely,  simply. 

blitfyen,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  bloom, 
flourish,  blossom. 

bte  SBIume,  -,  -n,  flower, 
(bloom). 

bag  SMiimdien,  -8,  -,  rfjwz.,  little 
flower. 

ba«  93lut,  -(e)«,  blood. 

bte  Sttitc,  -,  -n,  bloom,  blossom. 

bluten,  intr.  (tjaben),  to  bleed. 

btottg,  adj.,  bloody. 


ber  SBorf,  -(e)g,  *e,  box,  coach- 
man's seat. 

ber  SBoben,  -S,  a,  floor,  ground  ; 
soil,  foundation. 

bofjnen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  polish. 

bi)f(e)F  adj.,  bad,  evil,  base  ; 
angry,  vexed  ;  as  noun,  bag 
93ofe,  evil. 

bte  SBota'nif,  -,  botany. 
;  ber  Sore,  -n,  -n,  messenger. 

bte  93otfd)aft,  -,  -en,  message, 
tidings,  gospel. 

ber  Sranb,  -(«)*/  "e/  fire,  con- 
flagration. 

braudjcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  need, 
want,  require  ;  =  gebraudjen, 
to  use,  employ. 

braun,  adj.,  brown. 

bte  SBroilt,  -,  "e,  betrothed 
(woman),  fiancee,  (bride). 

ber  SBrouttgam,  -g,  -e,  be- 
trothed (man),  fiance,  (bride- 
groom). 

brow,  adj.,  good,  worthy,  honest, 
excellent  ;  capable,  efficient, 
(brave). 

bredjcn  (brtdjt),  bvacf),  f>at  ge= 
broken,  tr.,  to  break. 

brett,  adj.,  broad,  wide,  ex- 
tensive, afar  ;  melt  unb  breit, 
far  and  wide. 

bretten,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  spread, 
extend  ;  refl.  =  fid)  Der* 
breiten,  to  extend,  spread  out. 

brennen,  brannte,  b,at  gebrannt, 
tr.  and  intr.,  to  burn,  blaze, 
take  fire. 

bag  Srett,  -(e)g,  -er,  board, 
plank. 


brettern 


15 


brettern,  adj.,  (made)  of  boards, 
wooden. 

her  SBrtef,  -(e)g,  -e,  letter, 
(brief). 

bringen,  brarfjte,  fi,at  gebradji,  tr., 
to  bring  ;  bag  ©efprftdj  auf 
ettoag  brtngen,  to  turn  the 
conversation  to. 

ber  SBrion,  -g,  family  name, 
Brion,  a  pastor  at  Sesenheim, 
whom  Goethe  learned  to  know 
while  a  student  at  Strassburg. 

bag  S3rot,  -(e)g,  -e,  bread, 
loaf. 

bag  33rurf)fturf,  -(e)g,  -e,  frag- 
ment, piece. 

ber  Sruber,  -g,  ff,  brother. 

briiflen,  inir.  (f»aben),  to  bellow, 
low. 

ber  SBrunncn,  -g,  -,  well,  foun- 
tain, spring. 

bie  Sruft,  -,  "e,  breast,  bosom. 

briiren,  inir.  (fjaben),  to  brood, 
sit  moping. 

bag  SBwfc,  -(e)«,  "er,  book. 

bie  Sllff,  -,  family  name, 
Charlotte  Buff,  a  girl  whom 
Goethe  met  while  practicing  law 
at  Wetzlar. 

bie  SBiif)tte,  -,  -n,  stage. 

ber  Sunb,  -(e)g,  "e,  alliance, 
union,  bond,  contract. 

bag  Siinbcl,  -g,  -,  bundle. 

bag  Siinbcldjcn,  -g  -,  dim., 
little  bundle. 

bie  SBiirbc,  -,  -n,  burden,  load. 

ber  SBwflcmeifrcr,  -g,  -,  =  $B(ir= 
flermetfter,  burgomaster, 

mayor. 


ber     Surflcr,     -g,     -,     citizen, 

burgher, 
bag    S3iirgerflett)erb(e),    -g,    -c, 

trade    or   craft   of   a   citizen, 

occupation  of  a  townsman, 
ber  S3urfd)(e),  -en,  -en,  young 

fellow,  boy,  lad,  apprentice. 
ber  SBufefc,,  -eg,  "e,  bush, 
ber  S3ufen,  -g,  -,  bosom,  breast  ; 

tm    innerften    S3ufen,    in    the 

depth  of  one's  heart, 
biiften,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  suffer  for, 

pay  for,  atone  for. 
bie  Siifte,  -,  -n,  bust, 
bie  SBittte,  -,  -n,  tub. 

G 

ber  GS'for,  -g,  proper  name, 
Julius  Caesar  (102-44  B.C.), 
famous  Roman  general,  states- 
man, and  writer;  one  of  the 
most  remarkable  men  of  all 
time. 

bie  Gofur',  -,  -en,  caesura. 

bag  Gb,ao3,  -,  chaos. 

ber  OTbaraf'ter,  -g,  -(te'r)e, 
character,  person. 

bie  Gfiorlot'te,  -g  or  -ng,  proper 
name,  Charlotte. 

bie  Gijauffee'  (French  pron., 
sho-sa),  -,  -(e)n,  highway, 
causeway,  turnpike. 

ber  Gljanffce'bau,  -g,  -ten,  con- 
struction of  a  highway. 

bie  GJjrtfriane,  -g  or  -ng,  proper 
name,  Christiane,  Christine. 

ber-Gfirtftopt),  -g,  proper  name, 
Christopher. 


(Harden 


16 


baS  Gtortfjcn,  -8,  proper  name, 
Clarchen,  dim.  of  Clara,  the 
heroine  of  Goethe's  (Sgmont. 

bte  Gornc'lia,  -3  or  -ens,  proper 
name,  Cornelia,  Goethe's 
sister's  name. 

corrigt'rett  =  forrigiercn,  tr. 
(fyaben),  to  correct. 


ba,  adv.,  there,  here  ;  then, 
thereupon,  in  that  case  ; 
conj.,  while,  when  ;  as,  since, 
because  ;  also  sep.  pref. 

bag  £ad),  -(e)3,  "er,  roof,  attic  ; 
3)adj  unb  3a$/  house  and 
home,  shelter. 

bage'gen,  adv.,  against  it  or 
them  ;  over  against  ;  conj., 
in  return,  in  reply  ;  on  the 
contrary. 

bofter',  adv.,  conj.,  and  sep.  pref., 
along,  thence,  from  that 
place  ;  for  this  reason,  hence, 
therefore,  accordingly  ;  ac- 
cented ba'fjer  if  the  demon- 
strative ba  is  stressed. 

baf)er'gefi,enf  gtng  bafyer,  tft  ba= 
fjergegangen,  intr.,  to  go  or 
walk  along,  proceed. 

bafjer'fommen,  fatn  bah,er,  ift 
bafjergefommen,  intr.,  to  come 
along. 

boftcr'ftetgen,  ftieg  bah,er,  ift  bab,er= 
gefttegen,  intr.,  to  climb  or 
clamber  along. 

baJ)cr'rreten,  trat  bafjer,  ift  baf)er= 
getreten,  intr.,  to  walk  or 
move  along. 


baf)cr'sief)ctt,  gog  baf)er,  ift  batjer= 
gejogen,  intr.,  to  move  or 
draw  along,  proceed. 

baf)tlt',  adv.  and  sep.  pref.,  there, 
thither,  along,  away,  to  that 
place  ;  ba'fjtn  unb  bort'titn, 
hither  and  thither,  back  and 
forth  ;  bafjtn  fein,  to  stretch 
along;  accented  ba'fytn  if  the 
demonstrative  ba  is  stressed. 

baf)tn'faf)ren  (faf»rt  bafytn),  fufjr 
ba^tn,  ift  bal)ingefat)ren,  intr., 
to  drive  or  go  along. 

baf)tn'geben  (gibt  bafyin),  gab 
bafjtn,  f>at  ba^tngcgcbcn,  tr.,  to 
give  or  hand  over,  deliver. 

baf)in'gef)cn,  gtng  bal)tn,  ift  ba()in= 
gegangen,  intr.,  to  pass  away, 
be  lost  ;  go  or  walk  along. 

bafyin'Iebcn,  sep.  intr.  ({jaben),  to 
live  on,  pass  one's  life,  live 
without  thought  for  the  mor- 
row. 

babjn'retHcn,  rife  bafyin,  fyat  baf)in= 
geriffen,  tr.,  to  tear  away  ; 
kill,  carry  away  (by  death). 

bab,tn'fetn,  »ar  baf^tn,  ift  baf»tn= 
geroefen,  intr.,  to  pass,  be 
gone,  disappear,  stretch 
along. 

boftin'trcibcn,  trieb  bafjtn,  f>at 
bafjtngetrieben,  tr.,  to  drive 
there  or  thither. 

bafttj'Iifd),  adj.,  dactylic. 

ber  Xaf'ttjht^,  -,  S)aftp'Icn, 
dactyl. 

ba'malS,  adv.,  at  that  time, 
then. 

bie  Tame,  -,  -n,  lady,  dame. 


bamtt 


17 


bayimcrfcn 


bamtt',  adv.,  thereby,  therewith  ; 
with  it,  that,  or  them,  by  it  ; 
conj.,  so  that,  in  order  that. 

ber  Xamm'roeg,  -(e)8,  -e,  high- 
way, causeway,  turnpike. 

banadj',  adv.,  about  or  after  it 
or  that  ;  thereafter. 

bane'ben,  adv.,  besides,  at  the 
same  time  ;  near  by,  by  it  or 
them. 

bcr  £anf,  -(e)3,  thanks,  grati- 
tude ;  f)ab(e)t  T>anf,  be 
thanked,  receive  my  thanks  ; 
nut  2)anf,  gratefully. 

bttnf&ar,  adj.,  thankful,  grate- 
ful ;  fid)  ban  f bar  fjalten,  to  be 
grateful. 

banfen,  intr.  (dat.)  (fjaben),  to 
thank,  be  grateful  to. 

bann,  adv.,  then,  thereupon, 
afterwards. 

ber  $onte,  -3,  proper  name, 
Dante  Alighieri  (1265-1321), 
an  Italian  poet,  author  of  the 
Divine  Comedy,  and  one  of  the 
greatest  writers  of  all  time. 

baron',  adv.,  thereon,  therein, 
thereby,  in,  to,  or  by  this, 
that,  or  it. 

barauf,  adv.,  thereon,  there- 
upon, upon  it ;  then,  to  that. 

baraitf'&ringen,  bradjte  barauf, 
f)at  baraufgebradjt,  tr.,  to  put 
into  the  mind  ;  bring  to  the 
point. 

barin',  adv.,  therein,  in  it, 
within. 

bar'ftetten,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
represent,  portray,  exhibit. 


t»  n  riilim,  adv.,  over  there, 
beyond. 

borii'ber,  adv.,  thereover,  upon 
it  ;  over,  about,  or  concern- 
ing it  or  that. 

barwn'  or  bo'ritm,  adv.,  there- 
fore, on  that  account  ;  about 
there. 

ber  $arrt)tn,  -3,  proper  name, 
Charles  Darwin  (1809-1882), 
the  greatest  English  naturalist  of 
the  nineteenth  century. 

bafel&ft',  adv.,  =  ba,  there,  in 
that  very  place. 

baft,  conj.,  so  that,  in  order 
that  ;  ntrf)t  bafo,  lest,  that  not. 

bo'ftefjen,  ftanb  ba,  fjat  bage= 
ftanben,  intr.,  to  stand  there, 
be. 

bauern,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  last, 
continue  ;  =  aitSbauern,  to 
endure,  persevere  ;  bauernb 
=  auSbauernb,  chronic,  pro- 
longed. 

adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
therefrom,  thereof,  of  it  or 
that  ;  away,  off. 

c^en,  jog  bacon,  tft  ba- 
toongejogen,  intr.,  to  pass  from 
sight,  vanish,  disappear,  go 
away. 

basil',  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
thereto,  to  or  for  it  or  that, 
furthermore. 

boju'tiigen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  add 
(to). 

bosu'feijen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  add  to, 
set  to. 

bap'roerfen    (toirft    baju),    ttarf 


ba§nrif(f)en 


18 


baju,  h,at  bagugeroorfen,  tr.,  to 
throw  to. 

fcn,  a^->  among,  be- 
tween ;  at  intervals,  in 
between. 

bie  £etfe,  -,  -n,  cover,  coverlet  ; 
iBotlene  3)ecfe,  blanket. 

berfcn,  tr.  (fjoben),  to  cover, 
furnish,  set. 

bie  £etd)fel,  -,  -n,  pole,  shaft, 
thill,  tongue. 

bdtt,  possessive  adj.  and  pron., 
thy,  thine,  your,  yours. 

betnctrocgcn,  adv.,  on  your  ac- 
count, for  your  sake. 

benfen,  badjte,  f)at  a.ebacf)t,  tr.  and 
intr.  (with  gen.,  but  more 
often  an  and  ace.},  to  think 
(of),  have  in  mind  ;  =  ge- 
benfen,  to  plan,  expect  ;  = 
naojbenfen,  to  think  over,  re- 
flect ;  benfen  auf,  to  devise, 
direct  one's  thoughts  to  ; 
benfen  iiber,  to  consider,  think 
over  ;  remember,  intend  ; 
benfenb,  absorbed  in  thought, 
thoughtful,  sentient  ;  bet 
fidj  felbft  benfen,  to  think  to 
one's  self,  make  up  one's 
mind  ;  refl.,  imagine. 

bcnn,  adv.,  therefore,  then  ; 
conj.,  for,  because,  unless  ; 
=  ofyne,  without. 

bcr  (bie,  bag),  definite  article, 
the  ;  demonstrative  pron., 
this,  that  ;  he,  she,  it  ; 
relative  pron.,  who,  which, 
that  ;  compound  rel.  pron., 
he  or  she  who. 


bercinft',  adv.,  some  day,  here- 
after, sometime  in  the  fu- 
ture ;  once. 

berfcl'be  (btefelbe,  bagfelbe),  de- 
monstrative pron.  or  adj.,  the 
same  ;  he,  she,  it,  they. 

bc*'lia(b,  adv.,  therefore,  for 
that  reason,  on  that  account. 

bef'to,  adv.  (with  comparative}, 
so  much  the  (more). 

bcurfjtcn,  tr.,  intr.  (dat.},  or 
impersonal  (fyaben),  to  seem, 
appear  ;  eg  beucfjt  nur  or  mid), 
it  seems  to  me,  methinks. 

bie  2)  cute,  -,  -n,  paper  bag, 
cornucopia,  horn  of  plenty. 

beuten,  tr.  or  intr.  (fjaben),  to 
point  to  (auf),  indicate  ; 
presage  ;  explain,  interpret. 

beutlirf),  adj.,  clear,  plain,  dis- 
tinct, evident. 

bcittfd),  adj.,  German  ;  as 
noun,  ber,  bie  ^eiitfcfje,  a 
German  man  or  woman  ;  bag 
J)eutfcf)e,  the  German  language. 

bag  £eittfcf)lanb,  -g,  proper  name, 
Germany. 

bie  £et)i'fe,  -,  -n,  device,  motto. 

btrf)tcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  compose, 
write  poetry  ;  as  noun,  bag 
!Dtdjten,  -£,  composing  poetry, 
composition. 

ber  Xtd)tcr,  -g,  -,  poet. 

ber  £tcf|tcrfiirft,  -en,  -en,  prince 
of  poets. 

bie  ^icf)tung,  -,  -en,  poetry, 
literature  ;  £)td)tung  unb 
2BaI)rf)ett,  Goethe's  auto- 
biography, Poetry  and  Truth. 


bienen 


19 


bringen 


bicnen,  intr.  (dat.)  (b.aben),  to 
serve,  wait  on ;  be  useful  to, 
aid  ;  as  noun,  ba8  SHenen,  -9, 
service  ;  bienenb,  by  service, 
through  serving. 

ber  Wiener,  -8,  -,  servant. 

ber  £tenft,  -(e)8,  -e,  service. 

bie3  (-er,  -e,  -e8),  adj.  and  pron., 
this,  that,  the  latter  ;  plu., 
these. 

bieSmal,  adv.,  this  time. 

bag  Xing,  -(e)8,  -e,  thing. 

bingen,  bang,  fjat  gebungen,  or 
reg.,  tr.,  to  hire. 

ber  £tref  'tor,  -8,  -en,  director. 

ber  £ittan,  -8,  divan  ;  SBeftdft* 
ticker  £)ioan,  a  collection  of 
Goethe's  poems. 

bod),  conj.,  yet,  however,  but, 
nevertheless  ;  adv.,  indeed, 
really,  no  doubt,  surely, 
though,  after  all  ;  at  length, 
in  any  event  ;  I  suppose,  I 
declare,  why  indeed  ;  with 
imperative,  do,  pray  ;  after 
negative  questions,  yes,  but 
I  do  ;  bod)  eben,  really  ; 
bod)  Wot)!,  surely,  no  doubt. 

ba8  £ogma,  -8,  -men,  dogma, 
principle. 

ber  Conner,  -8,  -,  thunder. 

bonnern,  intr.  (fyaben),  to 
thunder. 

boppelt,  adj.,  double,  twice,  two- 
fold. 

ba8  £orf,  -(e)8,  aer,  village. 

bte  £0rotf)e'a,  -8,  -en8,  proper 
name,  Dorothe'a,  Dorothy. 

bort,  adv.,  there,  yonder. 


bortftin',  adv.,  that  way,  thither, 
to  that  place  ;  ba'fn'n  unb 
bort'fn'n,  hither  and  thither  ; 
fjier'fjin  unb  bort'fytn,  this  way 
and  that. 

ber  £rad)e,  -n,  -n,  dragon. 

ba8  $rama,  -8,  -(m)en,  drama. 

ber  Sramattfer,  -8,  -,  dramatist. 

bran  =  baran. 

ber  £rang,  -(e)8,  pressure,  ur- 
gency, impulse,  impetus, 
throng. 

bra'ngcn,  tr.  (Ijaben),  to  crowd, 
throng,  push  ;  refl.,  press, 
be  compressed  ;  force  one's 
way,  follow  swiftly  ;  brang= 
enb,  surging,  pressing  on  ;  in 
jenen  brangenben  Jagen,  strenu- 
ous, stirring  days. 

bran'f)olten  (fjalt  bran),  fn'elt  bran, 
tjat  brangefjalten,  intr.,  to  press 
on,  push  forward  ;  attend  to. 

br alien,  intr.  (fjaben),  archaic  for 
broken,  to  threaten. 

brauf  =  barauf. 

brauften,  adv.,  outside,  out-of- 
doors,  without,  out  there. 

bret,  num.,  three. 

breimal,  adv.,  three  times,  thrice. 

ber  Xteiiinbad)t5tger,  -8,  inde- 
clinable adj.  as  noun,  wine 
of  the  year  (17)83. 

breiunbarfitsigft  (-er,  -e,  -e«), 
num.  adj.,  eighty-third. 

brtn  =  bar  in. 

bringen,  brang,  ift  gebrungen,  intr., 
to  force,  crowd  through, 
penetrate,  press  ;  tr*  (fjaben), 
=  brttngen,  to  urge,  compel, 


britt 


20 


biirfcn 


constrain  ;  bringenb,  press- 
ing, urgent. 

brttt  (-er,  -e,  -e8),  num.  adj., 
third  ;  as  noun,  ber  Xritte, 
the  third. 

brittcnmal,  adv.  (with  jiim),  for 
the  third  time. 

broken,  tr.  and  intr.  (dat.) 
(fyaben),  to  threaten  ;  be 
about  to,  be  on  the  point  of. 

briibcn,  adv.,  over  there,  yonder. 

ber  Xrurf,  -(e)g,  -e,  burden, 
weight,  pressure. 

briirfcn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  press, 
press  upon  (auf),  clasp  ;  af- 
flict ;  briicfenb,  pressing,  heavy. 

brum  =  barurrt. 

but  familiar  personal  pron.  sing., 
thou,  you. 

bitlben,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  suffer,  en- 
dure, tolerate  ;  refl.,  be 
patient,  indulgent. 

bunfd,  adj.,  dark,  obscure  ; 
unknown,  uncertain,  con- 
fused. 

bag  Xunfcf,  -8,  shade,  gloom, 
darkness. 

bunfeltt,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  grow 
dark. 

biinfcn,  tr.  and  intr.,  impersonal 
(fjaben),  to  seem,  appear  ;  eg 
biinft  tntdb,,  it  seems  to  me, 
methinks. 

burnt,  adj.,  thin. 

buref),  prep,  (ace.},  sep.  and 
insep.  pref.,  by,  through,  by 
means  of,  because  of  ;  adv., 
=  fytniSurdj,  throughout,  com- 
pletely ;  quer  burd),  across. 


adv.,  absolutely, 
throughout  ;  all  over. 

burtf)brtng'en,  burcfybrang,  fjat 
burcf)brungen,  tr.,  to  fill  with, 
imbue,  permeate,  penetrate  ; 
biirdjbrungen,  imbued  (with), 
permeated. 

burdjcinan'bcr,  adv.,  promiscu- 
ously, pell-mell,  helter- 
skelter,  in  disorder. 

biirrf)te'ben,  insep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
live  through,  experience. 

burrfj'rottcn,  scp.  tr.  (f)aben),  to 
roll  through. 

bitrtf)^  =  burc^  ba«. 

burd)fcf)au'en,  insep.  tr.  (^aben), 
to  look  through  or  over,  re- 
view, survey. 

burd)'fd)ltngcn,  fcf)Iang  burcf),  ^at 
burcf)gef(^fungen,  tr.,  to  sling, 
wind,  or  twist  through. 

burrf)ftf)rei'tcn,  burdjfrftntt,  fjat 
burc^f^rttten,  tr.,  to  go  or 
walk  through  ;  as  noun,  bte 
XmroMdJrettenben,  those  walk- 
ing through. 

burtJ)'fiben,  fajj  burd^,  fjat  bur<^= 
gefeffen,  intr.,  to  sit  through. 

bitrdn'u'djen,  insep.  tr.  (baben),  to 
search  or  seek  through. 

burd)ttm'ten,  insep.  tr.  (baben), 
(with  glei^)  to  wade  directly 
through. 

burrf)'§tcf)en,  jog  burcf),  b,at  bur(f)= 
gejogen,  tr.,  to  draw  through  ; 
pass  or  march  through. 

biirfen  (barf),  burfte,  b,at  geburft, 
intr.  and  modal  auxiliary,  may, 
be  permitted,  have  a  right,  dare. 


biirftig 


21 


einbriirfen 


bitrftig,  adj.,  scanty,  needy, 
poor  ;  adv.,  sparingly, 
meagerly  ;  as  noun,  bcr 
3)iirftige,  the  needy  ;  ber 
£>iirftia.fte,  the  most  needy. 


eben,  adj.,  even,  level,  smooth  ; 

adv.,   just   now  ;      just,   pre- 

cisely ;     eben  erft,  only  just 

now,     lately  ;         bod)     eben, 

really  ;  eben  miiffen,  to  simply 

have  to. 
ebenberfel'de  (-biefelbe,  -bagfelbe), 

demonstrative    pron.    or    adj., 

the  very  same. 
efoenfo,  adv.,  just  so,  the  same 

way. 

ebcnfotocntg,  adv.,  just  as  little. 
bag  Grf)0,  -g,  -g,  echo. 
ecf)t,  adj.,  genuine,  proper,  cor- 

rect, real,  true. 
bte  (frfc,  -,  -n,  edge,  corner. 
ebel   (ebler,  ebelft),  adj.,  noble  ; 

as  noun,  ber  Gble,  nobleman, 

trie    noble-hearted    man,    no- 

bility ;         bag     Gble,     noble 

deeds  or  actions. 
ber  (£gmont,  -g,  proper  name, 

Egmont,  title  and   hero  of  one 

of  Goethe1  s  dramas. 
ef)(e),  conj.,  before,  ere  ;    adv., 

formerly. 

bte  C*f)C,  -,  -n,  marriage. 
ber    (jf)(e)mamt,    -(e)g,    "er    or 

-leute,  husband,  married  man. 
bag  (JI)(e)paar,  -(e)g,  -e,  married 

couple,  husband  and  wife. 


efyer,  comparative  adv.  (elje), 
sooner,  rather,  (ere). 

efyern,  adj.,  brazen,  hard,  un- 
feeling. 

bte  Grfjte,  -,  -n,  honor. 

eljren,  tr.  (l)aben),  to  honor, 
respect,  revere  ;  celebrate. 

bag  (Hrgefiifjl,  -g,  -e,  sense  of 
honor,  ambition,  pride. 

eftrttmrbig,  adj.,  worthy  of  honor, 
venerable. 

Ct,  interjection,  ah  !  indeed !  et 
bod),  why  of  course  ;  yes 
indeed  ;  ay,  to  be  sure. 

Ctfrig,  adj.,  ardent,  eager,  zeal- 
ous, earnest. 

eigcn,  adj.,  own,  peculiar, 
proper,  special  ;  eigener  (un- 
usual), more  one's  own-. 

ber  (Hgenmt^,  -eg,  self-interest, 
selfishness. 

etgcnniibig,  adj.,  selfish,  self- 
seeking. 

bte  ©tie,  -,  hurry,  haste. 

cilcn,  intr.  (fein  or  fjaben),  to 
hurry,  hasten  ;  Qrile  mit 
SBeile,  hasten  slowly  ;  etlenb, 
speedy,  quick,  urgent. 

eiltg,  adj.,  quick,  urgent, 
hurried,  swift. 

cin,  eine,  indefinite  article,  a,  an  ; 
num.,  one  ;  pron.,  enter, 
erne,  ein(e)g,  one. 

ein-,  sep.  pref.,  in,  into. 

ctnan'ber,  indeclinable  reciprocal 
pron.,  one  another,  each 
other. 

cin'brurfen,  sep.  tr.  (Ijoben),  to 
press  into. 


ctnfacii 


22 


C-tnpfang 


etnfacfi,  adj.,  simple,  plain. 

etn'faflen  (faftt  ein),  fid  em,  ift 
etngefallen,  intr.,  to  fall  in  ; 
break  in,  interrupt,  occur. 

bie  (Hnfalt,  -,  simplicity. 

ber  Ginfluft,  -(ff)e«,  "(ff)e,  in- 
fluence. 

einfyer'siefjettf  jog  einfyer,  ift  etn= 
fyergegogen,  intr.,  to  move  or 
travel  along,  go  about. 

etnig,  adj.,  in  union,  united, 
agreed. 

einige,  adj.  and  pron.  (plu.), 
some,  several,  a  few. 

bie  (vinlabung,  -,  -en,  invitation. 

dn'Ioffcn  (Idfet  ein),  lie  ft  ein,  fjat 
eingelaffen,  tr.,  to  let  in,  admit. 

bie  Gtnleitung,  -,  -en,  introduc- 
tion. 

etn'mal,  adv.,  one  time,  once  ; 
etnmal',  sometime,  it  is  true  ; 
auf  etnmal,  suddenly,  all  at 
once  ;  einmal  fiir  aflemal, 
once  for  all ;  nocf)  etnmal,  once 
more. 

etn'nefymcn  (nimntt  ein),  nafjm 
ein,  fyat  etngenommen,  tr.,  to 
receive,  take  in. 

cin'pragen,  sep.  tr.  (I)aben),  to 
impress,  stamp  ;  re/7.,  to  be 
imprinted. 

cinfam,  adj.,  alone,  solitary, 
lonely,  forsaken. 

dn'fd)Iagen  (Wagt  ein),  fajlug 
ein,  Ijat  eingefc^tagen,  tr.,  to 
strike  in  ;  intr.,  to  shake 
hands  (to  bind  a  contract). 

etn'fcftcn  (ftef)t  ein),  faf)  ein,  f»at 
eingefe^en,  intr.,  to  look  into  ; 


tr.,  to  see  into,  recognize, 
appreciate,  understand,  ad- 
mit. 

ein'ftbcn,  fafe  ein,  fyat  etngefeffen, 
intr.,  =  ][<$  etnfetjen,  to  take 
one's  seat,  enter  a  carriage. 

ber  (Jinfprud),  -(e)3,  "e,  objec- 
tion, protest. 

cinft,  adv.,  once,  formerly,  in 
former  days  ;  at  a  future 
time,  some  day. 

ein'tretcn  (tritt  ein),  trat  ein,  ift 
eingetreten,  intr.,  to  step  in, 
appear,  enter. 

ber  OHntrttt,  -(c)3,  -c,  entrance. 

ctmmbjttmnjig,  num.,  twenty- 
one. 

bie  OHnnrirfung,  -,  -en,  effect. 

cinjeln,  adj.,  separate,  single  ; 
individual  ;  as  noun,  ber 
Crinjelne,  the  individual  ;  adv., 
in  individual  cases,  in  detail. 

einjifl,  adj.,  sole,  only. 

ein.yqflcticbt,  part,  adj.,  only- 
beloved. 

bag  CHrunb,  -g,  oval. 

ettcl,  adj.,  vain,  frivolous. 

bie  (Heflte',  -,  -(e)n,  elegy  ; 
9fomif(^e  Stegten,  Roman 
Elegies,  a  group  of  Goethe's 
poems. 

ba8  (Hettb,  -8,  distress,  misery  ; 
exile. 

elrerltd),  adj.,  parental,  as 
parents. 

bie  (Htern,  plu.,  parents. 

emp-,  insep.  unaccented  prefix. 

ber  (Jmpfang',  -(e)«,  "e,  recep- 
tion. 


empfangen 


23 


entgegenfteHen 


empfang'cn  (empftingt),  empfing, 
bat  empfangen,  tr.,  to  receive, 
welcome. 

etnpf  eft/ten  (empftehjlt),  empfafyl, 
b,at  empfofjlen,  tr.,  to  recom- 
mend ;  inculcate,  cultivate. 

empftn'ben,  etnpfanb,  fyat  emp= 
funben,  tr.  and  intr.,  to  feel  ; 
perceive,  hear,  be  sensible 
of. 

empftnb'ltrf),  adj.,  sensitive  ; 
painful,  disagreeable,  source 
of  irritation  ;  easily  offended, 
touchy,  impressionable. 

empor'-,  sep.  accented  pref.,  up, 
upward. 

etnpor'b,alten  (fyalt  entpor),  fjiett 
empor,  b,at  emporgefyalten,  tr., 
to  hold  up,  support,  sustain. 

empor'fdjlagen  (frfifagt  empor), 
f(f)Iug  empor,  tft  emporgefdjlagen, 
intr.,  to  leap  up,  shoot  up. 

etnftg,  adj.,  eager,  earnest,  dili- 
gent, active,  busy. 

ba8  Gnbe,  -8,  -n,  end,  limit  ; 
au8  alien  Ghtben,  from  all 
sides  ;  Don  alien  Often  unb 
(Snben,  from  all  directions. 

cnben,  tr.  and  intr.  (fjoben),  to 
end,  finish. 

enbtgen,  tr.  (fiaben),  to  end, 
conclude. 

cnb(ttf),  adj.,  final,  last  ;  adv., 
finally,  at  last,  after  all. 

ber  Ofngcl,  -8,  -,  angel. 

engltfcf),  adj.,  English  ;  as  noun, 
ba«  gngttfc^e,  the  English 
language. 

ent-,  insep.  pref.  not  accented. 


tf  intr.  (gen.),  more 
often  tr.  (ace.),  ({jaben),  to 
miss,  lack  ;  do  without, 
be  destitute  of. 

entbef)r'lid),  adj.,  superfluous, 
unnecessary,  dispensable  ;  as 
noun,  bag  @ntbef)rli(f)e,  some- 
thing to  spare,  what  can  be 
spared. 

entbeef'en,  tr.  (tjaben),  to  dis- 
cover, find  out  ;  disclose, 
reveal. 

cntfcr'ncn,  refl.  (fjaben),  to  go 
away,  withdraw,  absent  one's 
self  ;  tr.,  to  remove,  put 
away,  separate  ;  entfernt, 
remote,  distant,  separated. 

entfttc'ljen,  entflof),  tft  entflofyen, 
intr.,  to  run  away,  flee,  es- 
cape (by  flight). 

entgc'gcn,  prep.  (dat.  preceding), 
adv.,  and  sep.  pref.,  to, 
towards,  to  meet  ;  at, 
against. 

entge'gengefyen,  gtng  entgegen,  tft 
entgegengegangen,  intr.  (dat.), 
to  go  to  meet,  go  towards. 

entge'genfommen,  font  entgegen, 
tft  entgegengefommen,  intr. 
(dat.),  to  come  towards. 

entgc'gcnncigcn,  sep.  intr.  (dat.) 
(fyaben),  to  bow  to  meet, 
bend  towards. 

faaiiett,  sep.  intr.  (dat.) 
(fjaben),  to  look  towards  ; 
gaze  at,  scrutinize. 

entge'genfreHen,  tr.  (dat.)  (baben), 
to  place  against  ;  refl.,  op- 
pose. 


24 


entpnben 


entgc'fccn,  entgtng,  ift  entgangen, 
intr.  (dat.),  to  escape. 

cntftiil'kn,  tr.  (faben),  to  dis- 
close, reveal  (the  character 
of). 

entlorf'en,  tr.  (faben),  to  elicit, 
draw  from  (dat.). 

cntrat'feht,  tr.  (faben),  to  un- 
ravel ;  decipher,  interpret. 

entrei'feen,  entrtfe,  fat  entrtffen, 
tr.,  to  tear  or  snatch  away 
from  (dat.)  ;  refl.,  escape 
from  (dat.). 

entrin'ncn,  entrann,  tft  entronnen, 
intr.,  to  escape  ;  entronnen, 
escaped  from  (dat.). 

entruften,  tr.  (faben),  to  pro- 
voke, anger  ;  rejl.,  become 
indignant  ;  entriiftet,  indig- 
nant, angry,  provoked. 

cntfdjci'ben,  entfd)teb,  fat  ent= 
fdn'eben,  tr.  and  refl.,  to 
decide,  determine,  make  up 
one's  mind  ;  entfcfjeibenb, 
decisive  (ly)  ;  entfd)ieben,  de- 
cided, determined,  resolved 
upon. 

bte  6ntf(f)ei'bungf  -,  -en,  deci- 
sion, determination. 

entftftic'ben,  part.  adj.  (ent= 
fc^eiben),  decided,  determined, 
resolved  upon. 

cntfrfiHe'Ren,  entfc^Iofe,  fat  ent= 
f(f)Ioffen,  tr.,  to  unlock  ;  refl., 
decide,  make  up  one's  mind; 
as  noun,  ba«  Sntfcfjliefeen,  -3, 
decision,  resolution ;  ent= 
fd)Ioffen,  decided,  with  mind 
made  up. 


bie  (*ntfef)lic'feung,  -,  -en,  deci- 
sion, resolution. 

cntjdjlof'fcn,  part.  adj.  (ent= 
fcf)Itefeen),  resolute,  deter- 
mined, with  mind  made  up. 

ber  (hUfdjIufe',  -(fOe^  B(f|)e, 
decision,  resolution. 

cntfrfjul'btgcn,  tr.  (faben),  to  ex- 
cuse ;  exempt  (from  military 
duty). 

bag  frntfcb'cn,  -3,  terror,  horror. 

entfefe'(id),  adj.,  terrible,  awful, 
horrible. 

entfte'fjen,  entftanb,  ift  entftanben, 
intr.,  to  arise,  begin,  ensue, 
originate. 

cntftiir'aov  intr.  (dat.)  (fein),  to 
fall  from,  gush  from. 

cntnmdj'fcn  (entmac^ft),  enttDud^S, 
ift  enttoadjfen,  intr.  (dat.),  to 
grow  from  ;  outgrow. 

cnttt)ci'djcnf  entfticf),  ift  entnridjen, 
intr.  (dat.),  to  (make  one's) 
escape  from  ;  vanish  from, 
disappear. 

entttrirf'cltt,  tr.  and  refl.  (faben), 
to  unfold,  develop,  grow 
into. 

bte  G-nttturf' (c)lung,  -,  -en,  un- 
folding, development,  dis- 
entanglement. 

entjic'tjcn,  entjog,  fat  entjogen, 
tr.  and  refl.  (dat.),  to  with- 
draw from,  take  away  ;  de- 
prive one's  self  of. 

cntjurf'cn,  tr.  (faben),  to  charm, 
delight,  enchant. 

cntjiin'bcn,  intr.  (faben),  to 
kindle,  inflame,  arouse. 


(Jpigramm 


25 


bag  (fptgratnm',  -(e)8,  -e,  epi- 
gram ;  3$enetiamfcf)e  (Spt= 
gramme,  Venetian  Epigrams, 
a  collection  of  Goethe's  poems. 

ber  (J'ptfer,  -3,  -,  epic  writer 
or  poet. 

c'pifrf),  ad/.,  epic. 

ba«  (Fpo3,  -,  Gpen,  epic  poem. 

er,  personal  pron.,  he,  it  ;  Sr, 
z'«  address,  you. 

er-,  insep.  pref.,  unaccented. 

bie  (fta'to,  -,  proper  name, 
Erato,  the  Muse  of  love  poetry. 

bag  Grbe,  -3,  inheritance. 

crbett,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  inherit. 

erbit'ten,  erbat,  fjat  erbeten,  tr., 
to  ask  for,  solicit,  obtain  by 
asking. 

erbltcf'ett,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  catch 
sight  of,  discover  ;  see, 
perceive. 

bie  Chrbe,  -,  -n,  earth,  ground, 
soil  ;  auf  (Srben,  on  earth, 
in  this  world. 

erd'Ien,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  overtake, 
come  up  with  ;  get  by 
haste,  hurry  on. 

erfof)'ren  (erfcifjrt),  erfufjr,  fat 
erfafyren,  tr.,  to  experience, 
learn  (by  experience)  ;  find 
out,  hear  ;  erfafjren,  expe- 
rienced, skillful. 

bie  Ofrfafy'rung,  -/  -€",  expe- 
rience. 

erforfdjcn,  tr.  (f»aben),  to  dis- 
cover ;  investigate,  search  into. 

crforfdjlid),  adj.,  explorable  ;  as 
noun,  bag  @rforfcf)Iicf)e,  what 
can  be  investigated. 


crfrcu'cn,  tr.  (faben),  to  favor, 
delight,  gladden  ;  refl.  (gen.), 
to  take  pleasure  in,  enjoy. 

erfrcu'ltd),  adj.,  agreeable,  pleas- 
ing, gratifying. 

erfiil'Ien,  tr.  (Ijaben),  to  fill,  im- 
bue ;  accomplish,  perform, 
fulfill. 

bie  ftrful'tung,  -,  -en,  realization, 
fulfillment. 

ergo^'cn,  tr.  (f)aben),  to  please, 
entertain,  delight  ;  refl.,  to 
amuse  one's  self. 

crgrei'fen,  ergriff,  fjat  ergriffen,  tr., 
to  seize,  take  hold  of  ;  take 
up,  adopt  ;  ergriffen,  seized, 
tossed,  buffeted. 

erfyo'ben,  part.  adj.  (obsolete 
participle  of  erf)eben),  sublime, 
lofty,  grand. 

erfjal'ten  (erfjalt),  erfu'elt,  fjat  er= 
fjalten,  tr.,  to  keep,  preserve, 
maintain,  keep  up  ;  receive  ; 
=  befjalten,  to  save,  retain  ; 
bag  Ceben  erfyalten,  to  come  out 
alive. 

erfje'ben,  erfyob,  fat  erh,oben,  tr., 
to  raise,  elevate,  exalt,  up- 
lift ;  refl.,  rise,  grow  exultant. 

erf)et'tcrnr  tr.  ((jaben),  to  cheer, 
gladden,  enliven. 

erb,ii?'en,  tr.  (b,aben),  to  heat, 
inflame  ;  erfn'ijt,  heated,  in- 
flamed, angered. 

erfio'bcn,  part.  adj.  (erfjeben), 
raised,  elevated,  exalted. 

crfjo'ften,  tr.  (Ijaben),  to  heighten, 
elevate,  increase  ;  erb.oh,t, 
elevated,  exalted,  increased. 


crtnnern 


26 


emirfien 


erin'ncrn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  remind  ; 
refl.  (gen.  or  an  with  ace.), 
recall,  remember. 

bie  Cmn'n(e)rung,  -,  -en,  re- 
membrance, recollection, 
memory. 

erfen'nen,  erfannte,  fjat  erfannt, 
tr.,  to  recognize,  distinguish, 
see,  know,  discern  ;  admit, 
acknowledge,  be  grateful  for  ; 
c«  lafet  ftdj  erfennen,  it  can  be 
seen. 

erflfi'ren,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  explain  ; 
reft.,  to  state,  declare,  avow, 
confess,  explain  one's  self. 

bie  (£rfla'rung,  -,  -en,  explana- 
tion, declaration. 

erfttng'en,  erftang,  fjat  erflungen, 
intr.,  to  sound  forth,  ring 
out,  resound. 

erfo'ren,  part.  adj.  (erftiren), 
chosen,  selected. 

erfun'btgen,  refl.  (fjaben),  to  in- 
quire, inform  one's  self,  make 
inquiries. 

crlann/en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  attain, 
acquire,  reach,  procure. 

erle'ben,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  expe- 
rience, live  to  see,  live 
through. 

ertei'ben,  erlitt,  fjat  erlttten,  tr., 
to  suffer,  endure. 

erlte'gett,  erlag,  tft  erlegen,  intr., 
to  succumb,  yield  to,  sink 
under. 

bie  CFrlbfung,  -,  -en,  release, 
deliverance,  salvation. 

crmor'bcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  murder, 
kill. 


ermii'ben,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  tire, 
weary,  exhaust  ;  ermiibenb, 
wearisome,  tiring. 

ernfih/ren,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  nourish, 
support,  feed  ;  refl.,  support 
one's  self. 

erncu'en,  tr.  (fyaben),  =  erneuern, 
to  renew,  repair,  renovate  ; 
emeut,  renewed,  made  new. 

crneu'ertt,  tr.  (b,aben),  to  renew, 
repair,  renovate  ;  repeat  ; 
revive,  recall  ;  emeuert,  ren- 
ovated, repaired. 

ber  Gtnft,  -e3,  earnestness,  se- 
riousness ;  mit  Srnft,  ear- 
nestly. 

ernft,  adj.,  earnest,  serious, 
grave,  solemn. 

ernftfjaft,  adj.,  earnest,  serious, 
grave. 

crnftluf),  adj.,  earnest,  serious. 

bie  Grnte,  -,  -n,  crop,  harvest. 

crbff'nen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  open. 

crpro'ben,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  try, 
test,  find  to  be  true  ;  er= 
prob(e)t,  true  to  test,  valid. 

erauicf'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  re- 
fresh, cheer  up  ;  as  noun, 
bie  Grautcften,  those  refreshed. 

erauirf' lid),  adj.,  refreshing. 

bie  Grquitf'ung,  -,  -en,  refresh- 
ment. 

erre'gen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  arouse, 
excite,  provoke. 

crretcfi'bar,  adj.,  attainable, 
within  reach. 

errei'djen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  reach, 
attain,  arrive  at  ;  overtake  ; 
reach  up  to,  equal  in  height. 


Grrettcr 


27 


ber  OFmt'ter,  -3,  -,  savior,  de- 
liverer, rescuer. 

erfefiaf'fen,  erfcfjuf,  fjat  erfcfjaffen, 
tr.,  to  create. 

crfcf)et'nen,  erfcfjien,  ift  erfdnenen, 
intr.,  to  seem,  appear  ;  come 
to  pass,  happen. 

trie  (frfrf)ci'nung,  -,  -en,  appear- 
ance, manifestation,  realiza- 
tion. 

erftfircrf'en,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  terrify, 
frighten,  startle. 

bte  (£rfcf)ut't(c)rung,  -,  -en,  agi- 
tation, excitement  ;  con- 
vulsion, upheaval. 

crfe'fien  (erfiefyt),  erfaf),  b,at  er= 
fefyen,  refl.,  to  select,  choose, 
pick  out  ;  tr.,  perceive. 

erfeh/nen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  desire, 
long  for. 

erfe^'cn,  tr.  (haben),  to  repair, 
make  good,  make  amends  for. 

crft  (-er,  -e,  -e«),  num.  adj., 
first,  chief  ;  =  eben  erft,  only 
just  now,  lately  ;  =  juerft, 
at  first  ;  erft  fjeute,  not  until 
to-day  ;  erft  red)t,  more  than 
ever  before,  rightly  ;  nur 
fpat  erft,  not  until  late  ;  ba 
erft,  not  until  then. 

erftau'nen,  intr.  (fetn),  to  be  sur- 
prised, marvel  at  (ilber),  be 
astonished. 

erftei'gcn,  erftteg,  I>at  erfttegen, 
tr.,  to  climb  up,  ascend, 
surmount. 

erfttrf'en,  tr.  (faben),  to  stifle, 
choke,  suffocate  ;  erfticft, 
choked,  stifled. 


n,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  catch, 
detect,  surprise. 

ertra'gen  (ertragt),  ertrug,  I)ot 
ertragen,  tr.,  to  bear,  endure, 
tolerate,  support. 

eritmcfi'fen  (ertt>ftcf)ft),  erwud)«,  ift 
ertca(f)fen,  intr.,  to  develop, 
grow  up. 

ertoa'gcn,  ertcog,  f)at  ertoogen, 
tr.,  to  weigh,  consider,  pon- 
der. 

erhwfj'Ien,  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
choose,  select,  elect  ;  ertt)Sf)lt, 
chosen. 

errt>of)'nen,  tr.  (gen.)  (tjaben),  to 
mention. 

erwar'tcn,  tr.  (f)aben),  to  expect, 
await,  wait  for,  look  forward 
to. 

bie  Grrtwr'tung,  -,  -en,  expec- 
tation, anticipation. 

ertoerf'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  awaken, 
arouse. 

ernw'djen, fr-  (fyaben),  to  soften  ; 
move,  touch  ;  ertt)et<f)t,  re- 
lieved, softened. 

crnjcr'ben  (erroirbt),  erroarb,  f)at 
erttiorben,  tr.,  to  earn,  gain, 
win,  acquire. 

errtri'bern,  tr.  (baben),  to  reply, 
answer,  return. 

erttJiin'ftfien,  tr.  (b.aben),  to  de- 
sire, wish  for  ;  erlDilnfdjt, 
wished  for,  welcome,  de- 
sired. 

n,  tr.  (b,aben),  to  tell, 
narrate,  relate  ;  am  @r* 
jaf)lten,  in  the  report,  from 
what  is  told. 


28 


faffen 


bte  G-rsafj'Iung,  -,  -en,  story, 
narration,  telling  stories. 

erjei'gen,  tr.  (fjoben),  to  show, 
exhibit,  manifest,  do. 

erseu'gen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  pro- 
duce, raise,  create. 

ersie'^en,  erjog,  fat  erjogen,  tr., 
to  rear,  bring  up,  educate. 

bie  Grrsie'ljung,  -,  -en,  education, 
bringing  up. 

ersiir'nen,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  anger, 
provoke  ;  refl.,  get  angry, 
become  angry. 

t§,  personal  pron.,  it,  he,  she  ; 
expletive  introducing  a  sen- 
tence, there,  it. 

bie  Crffc,  -/  -n,  forge,  furnace  ; 
chimney. 

ba8  Gffen,  -«,  food,  eating  ; 
meal,  dinner. 

etttw,  adv.,  perhaps,  possibly, 
perchance,  as  the  case  may 
be,  about. 

ettua$,  indeclinable  pron.  and 
adj.,  some,  something,  some- 
what ;  fo  etftag,  such  a  thing. 

euer,  Suer,  possessive  adj.  and 
pron.,  your,  yours  ;  as  noun, 
bie  (Suren,  your  family  or 
friends. 

bag  (hiro'JW,  -3,  proper  name, 
Europe. 

bie  (Juter'pe,  -,  proper  name, 
Euterpe,  the  Muse  of  lyric 
poetry. 

bie  @'BO,  -3,  proper  name,  Eve, 
Eva. 

enrig,  adj.,  eternal,  endless  ; 
auf  enrig.,  ever,  forever. 


8 

bie  Jyabel,  -,  -n,  fable,  story. 

fabulie'ren,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  tell 
stories. 

bie  %abtit',  -,  -en,  factory, 
manufactures. 

ba3  Jyarf),  -(e)g,  "er,  room,  com- 
partment ;  branch,  course  ; 
3)acf|  unb  gac^,  house  and 
home,  shelter. 

farcin,  tr.  (tyaben),  =  jufac^eln, 
to  fan  to. 

foftren  (fft^rt),  fu^r,  ift  aefahren, 
intr.,  to  drive,  proceed,  go. 

ber  5<*Hr  ~(^)^  "c/  case,  instance. 

fatten  (fftllt),  ftel,  ift  gefaften,  intr., 
to  fall  ;  im  gaflen,  as  they 
fell  ;  inS  Sluge  fallen,  to  at- 
tract one's  attention  ;  in 
bie  Sletber  fallen,  to  seize  one's 
skirts. 

falfd),  adj.,  false,  wrong. 

fatten,  tr.  (f»aben),  to  fold,  plait, 
crease,  wrinkle,  gather. 

bie  Srami'lte,  -,  -n,  (pron.  te 
=  je),  family. 

bie  ftorbe,  -,  -n,  color,  hue  ; 
paint. 

farbtg,  adj.,  colored,  tinted. 

baS  fta^en,  -«,  -,  dim.  (Safe), 
little  thread,  fiber,  tendril. 

bag  ftafc,  -(ff)eS,  "(ff)er,  cask, 
vat,  tub. 

faff  en,  tr.  (baben),  to  seize,  grasp  ; 
=  einfaffen,  to  inclose  ;  refl., 
to  compose  one's  self  ;  in$ 
Sluge  faffen,  to  catch  sight  of, 
view,  regard  ;  ^leigung  faffen, 


foft 


29 


Jvlcmcll 


to  take  a  liking  to,  fall  in  love 

with. 

fttft,  adv.,  almost, 
ber  ftataite'mud,  -,  fatalism, 
ber    3fauft,    -3,    proper    name, 

Faust,  title  and  hero  of  Goethe's 

greatest  drama. 
bte  3;auft,  -,  "e,  fist, 
fefylen,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  fail,  be 

wanting,  miss  ;    fef)lte  tretenb, 

made  a  misstep,  stumbled, 
ber  3ef)lcr,  -g,  -,  fault,  mistake, 

defect. 

feiern,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  celebrate. 
feig,  adj.,  cowardly, 
fdn,  adj.,  fine,  delicate,  pretty  ; 

genteel  ;      exquisite  ;      cul- 
tured. 

ber  3retnb,  -(e)g,  -e,  enemy, 
fcinblid),    adj.,    hostile,    of    the 

enemy, 
bag  3-ctb,  ~(e)8,  -er,  field,  plain  ; 

panel. 

ber  gfelbbait,  -8,  farming,  agri- 
culture, 
ber    t$-elf(en),   -end,   -en,    rock, 

crag,  cliff. 

bag  3?enfter,  -8,  -,  window. 
fern(e),  adj.,  distant,  far  ;  afar  ; 

Oon  feme,  at  a  distance,  from 

afar, 
bte     3rertte,     -,     -n,     distance  ; 

future. 
fernerfjin',   adv.,   in   the   future, 

henceforth. 
fer'nennnfenb,  part,  adj.,  waving 

or  beckoning  from  afar, 
fertig,  adj.,  finished,  prepared, 

ready. 


feffeln,  tr.  (faben),  to  fetter, 
chain,  hold,  keep  down. 

feft,  adj.,  fast,  firm,  fixed, 
steadfast,  firmly  established  ; 
adv.,  intently,  steadily. 

bag  fteft,  -(e)g,  -«,  festival, 
celebration,  holiday  ;  feast, 
banquet  ;  =  ^rie&^feft,  cele- 
bration in  honor  of  peace. 

fcft'befttmmt,  adj.,  firmly  de- 
termined or  decided. 

feffftalten  (b.alt  feft),  f)ielt  feft,  &at 
feftgefyalten,  tr.  and  intr.,  to 
hold  fast,  adhere  to,  main- 
tain. 

feftlufy,  adj.,  festal,  holiday. 

bag  fteuer,  -g,  -,  fire  ;  ardor, 
glow. 

bag  ^euewerf,  -(e)8,  -e,  fire- 
works. 

fcitrtg,  adj.,  fiery,  burning  ; 
ardent,  passionate,  animated. 

bte  tfittanjen,  plu.,  finances. 

finben,  fanb,  f)at  gefunben,  tr.,  to 
find  ;  deem,  think,  consider  ; 
refl.,  be,  be  found;  =  ftdj 
etnftnben,  to  appear,  present 
one's  self,  arrive;  ftdf)  in  etttmg 
finben,  to  adapt  one's  self,  be- 
come accustomed  to,  realize. 

ber  ^nger,  -8,  -,  finger. 

bte   iv((id)C,  -,  -n,   surface,   ex- 
panse, face,  plain, 
itfygegraben,   part.   adj.   (flacf)= 
graben),    hollowed    out,    dug 
shallow  ;  with  a  shallow  basin. 

bte  Jyfamme,  -,  -n,  flame,  glow, 
blaze. 

ber  3-lanefl',  -8,  -e,  flannel. 


30 


fortleiten 


bte  ftlaffie,  -,  -n,  flask,  bottle, 
decanter. 

flcften,  intr.  (f)aben),  to  implore, 
beseech,  entreat,  beg  for  (um). 

bag  Slctfa,  -eg,  -e,  meat. 

her  ftleife,  -eg,  diligence,  indus- 
try, care  ;  mit  ftltib,  pur- 
posely, expressly. 

flcifng,  adj.,  industrious,  dili- 
gent, active  ;  frequent. 

bte  ^Hege,  -,  -n,  fly. 

fltegen,  flog,  ift  geflogen,  intr.,  to 
fly  ;  fttegenb,  flying,  swift, 
swiftly  spoken  ;  fttegenbe 
SBorte,  hurried  or  winged 
words  ;  mit  fttegenber  SJb'te, 
with  a  sudden  blush,  mount- 
ing color. 

fficfien,  flof),  ift  geftofjen,  intr.,  to 
flee  ;  tr.  (fyaben),  avoid,  shun, 
flee  from. 

fltcfcen,  ftojj,  ift  gefloffen,  intr., 
to  flow,  run. 

flijflen,  tr.  (fyaben),  =  einflotjen, 
to  inspire,  infuse  ;  send, 
cause  to  flow. 

bte  Ortudjt,  -,  -en,  flight. 

ffitdjten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  save  by 
flight. 

f(utf)tig,  adj.,  fleeting,  transitory, 
momentary  ;  as  noun,  ber 
t5Iiid)ttge,  fugitive,  one  flee- 
ing ;  adv.,  hastily,  carelessly, 
superficially,  casually.* 

ber  JyliicfttUnn,  -g,  -e,  fugitive, 
refugee,  deserter. 

fliigeln,  tr.  (f>aben),  =  befliigeht, 
to  fit  with  wings  ;  gefliigelt, 
winged. 


bie  j^Iur,  -,  -en,  meadow. 

ber  fthife,  (ff)e«,  "(ff)e,  river. 

bie  ?Jlut,  -,  -en,  flood,  waters  ; 
waves,  tide. 

bag  8fol)Ien,  -g,  -,  colt,  foal. 

fofgen,  intr.  (dot.)  (fein),  to 
follow  ;  as  noun,  ber  gol= 
genbe,  the  one  following  ;  bag 
^olgenbe,  the  consequences. 

bie  3r0rb(e)ruttg,  -,  -en,  demand  ; 
charge,  price  asked,  cost, 
expense. 

bie  tyorm,  -,  -en,  form,  figure. 

formen,  tr.  (fyaben),  =  btlben,  to 
form,  mold,  fashion. 

ber  j$forfd)er,  -g,  -,  inquirer,  in- 
vestigator, searcher. 

ber  &orft,  -(e)g,  -e,  forest. 

fort,  adv.  and  sep.  accented  pref., 
forth,  off,  away  ;  fort  unb 
fort,  on  and  on. 

forton',  adv.,  hereafter,  hence- 
forth, in  the  future. 

fort'bliifjen,  sep.  intr.  (b.aben), 
to  continue  to  bloom. 

fort'bauern,  sep.  intr.  (fjaben), 
to  last,  keep  on,  continue. 

fort'fatyren  (fdfjrt  fort),  fubr  fort, 
ift  fortgefatjren,  intr.,  to  drive 
away,  depart  ;  (fyaben),  pro- 
ceed, continue. 

fort'fitfjreit,  sep.  tr.  (f>aben),  to 
carry  away  or  off. 

fort'gefjcn,  ging  fort,  ift  fort= 
gegangen,  intr.,  to  go  away  ; 
proceed,  go  on. 

fort'leiren,  sep.  tr.  (Ijaben),  to 
lead  forth,  guide,  conduct  ; 
transmit,  carry  on. 


fortfdjttfen 


31 


freunbltcf) 


fort'frf)tcfen,  sep.  tr.  (haben),  to 
send  away,  dispatch. 

fort'fd)leppen,  sep.  tr.  (fyaben), 
to  drag  forth  or  away. 

ber  8-ortfctyritt,  -(e)«,  -e,  pro- 
gress, advance. 

bte  g-ortfefeung,  -,  -en,  continua- 
tion. 

fort'fpredien  (fprtdjt  fort),  fpradj 
fort,  f)at  f or tgef proven,  intr., 
to  continue  speaking. 

fort'tragen  (triigt  fort),  trug  fort, 
f)at  fortgetragen,  tr.,  to  carry 
forth  or  off. 

fort'ltJoCen  (tt>ifl  fort),  tooflte  fort, 
fyat  fortgemollt,  intr.  (with 
verb  of  motion  understood),  to 
wish  to  leave  or  go. 

fort'siefien,  jog  fort,  tft  fort= 
gesogen,  intr.,  to  move  away  ; 
continue  on  one's  way  ;  de- 
part. 

bte  {frttflC,  -/  ~n/  question,  in- 
quiry. 

fragen  (preterit  fragte  or  frug), 
tr.  and  intr.  (fjaben),  to  ask, 
question,  inquire  about  (urn). 

ber  Jrairfe,  ~n>  ~n/  Frank  ;  = 
granjofe,  Frenchman. 

btt8  ftranfflirt,  -9,  proper  name, 
Frankfort  -  on  -  the  -  Main,  a 
Prussian  city  in  western  Ger- 
many, Goethe's  birthplace. 

bag  ^-nHifrcidJf  ~*>  proper  name, 
France. 

-n,  -n,  Frenchman. 
adj.,    French  ;      as 
noun,    ba8    granjoftfdje,    the 
French  language. 


bte  Jvrau,  -,  -en,  woman,  wife, 

lady  ;    mistress,  Mrs. 
fret,   adj.,   free,   frank,   candid, 

independent  ;     as  noun,   ber 

greie,  freeman  ;     im   greten, 

out-of-doors,    in    the    open  ; 

adv.,  freely,  openly,  frankly, 

voluntarily, 
freien,  tr.  and  intr.   (fyaben),  to 

woo,  court,  sue  for,  marry, 
ber     3toier3mann,    -(e)8,    aer, 

wooer  ;     suitor  for  another, 

go-between, 
bte   gftdljrit,   -,    -en,    freedom, 

liberty. 
freUtrf),  adv.,  certainly,  indeed, 

to  be  sure,  of  course,  it  is  true, 
fremb,      adj.      (dat.),      foreign, 

strange,     unfamiliar,     unac- 
customed     to  ;        another's; 

as    noun,    ber,    bie    grembe, 

foreigner,  stranger  ;    guest, 
ber  gfrembttng,  -3,  -e,  stranger, 

foreigner, 
bte  5rcuJ>c   -/  ~n>  Joy>  pleasure, 

gladness,  mirth  ;  mit  greuben, 

joyfully, 
freitbtg,  adj.,  joyful,  glad  ;  adv., 

with  pleasure. 
frcuen,    tr.    (f>aben),    to    make 

glad  ;   refl.,  to  enjoy,  rejoice, 

be  happy  ;    take  pleasure  in 

(gen.) 
ber    3-reunb,    -(e)«,    -e,    friend 

(man), 
bte  Srreunbtn,  -,  -(tn)nen,  friend 

(woman). 
freunbltdj,   adj.,  friendly,   kind, 

pleasant,  cheerful,  courteous. 


JvrcHitMtrtjfcir 


32 


fitrd)tcn 


bte  3rteunbli(f)fett,  -,  -en,  friend- 
liness, kindness. 

bte  3reunbfd)aft,  -,  -en,  friendship. 

fre»elf)aft,  adj.,  wicked,  atro- 
cious, outrageous. 

ber  j5ricbc(n),  -n8,  -n,  peace. 

bte  ftriebertfe,  -8  or  -n3,  proper 
name,  Frederica  Brion  (1752- 
1813),  one  of  the  most  famous 
of  Goethe's  sweethearts,  the 
daughter  of  a  pastor  at 
Sesenheim.  See  Brion. 

friebltrf),  adj.,  quiet,  peaceful, 
peaceable. 

ber  gfriebrtcty,  -*/  Proper  name, 
Frederick. 

frifdj,  adj.,  fresh,  cool,  brisk, 
quick,  lively  ;  adv.  and 
interj.,  Come  !  Cheer  up  ! 

ba§  8-rifd)flenjagte,  -n,  -n,  (adj. 
as  noun),  that  which  is 
courageously  ventured. 

frifte'ren,  tr.  (fcoben),  to  dress  the 
hair  ;  rtar  frtftert,  with  my 
hair  dressed. 

frof),  adj.,  glad,  cheerful,  happy, 
joyous. 

frijf|lteij,  adj.,  gay,  cheerful, 
joyful,  merry. 

bie  ^roftnorur,  -,  -en,  happy 
disposition. 

ber  ftrrotyfinn,  -(e)8,  good  humor, 
gaiety,  cheerful  disposition, 
light-mindedness. 

fromtn,  adj.,  pious,  religious  ; 
good  ;  as  noun,  ber  gromme, 
the  good  man. 

bte  3rrud)t,  -,  "e,  fruit  ;  crop, 
product  ;  =  ©etretbe,  grain. 


frit(f)tbar,  adj.,  fruitful,  fertile. 

fri$(e),  adj.,  early,  formerly  ; 
friif)  oerloren,  died  young  ; 
comparative,  friifyer,  earlier, 
former  ;  adv.,  in  former 
times. 

ber  JyriUiltnci,  -8,  -e,  spring. 

bte  5"flC>  -,  -n,  joint. 

fugcn,  tr.  (f>aben),  to  join,  unite, 
put  together. 

fitJJIen,  tr.  (tjaben),  to  feel,  per- 
ceive ;  refl.,  to  be  conscious  of. 

fitftrcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  carry, 
bear,  wield  ;  bring  ;  lead, 
guide  ;  manage,  conduct  ; 
as  noun,  baS  giifyren,  -£, 
conduct,  bearing. 

ber  giifirer,  -8,  -,  guide,  leader  ; 
driver. 

baS  (Ju^rttcrf,  -8,  -e,  carriage, 
wagon,  vehicle. 

bie  Jviillc,  -,  plentjr,  abundance 
(fullness). 

fiitten,  tr.  (foaben),  to  fill. 

ber  S«nb,  -(e)8,  "e,  find,  dis- 
covery. 

fiinf,  num.,  five. 

fiinft  (-er,  -e,  -e£),  num.  adj., 
fifth. 

fitnfunbjftmnjtg,  num.,  twenty- 
five. 

fiinfjig,  num.,  =  fiinf  gig,  fifty. 

fiir,  prep,  (ace.),  for,  on  account 
of,  in  return  for  ;  pron.,  ttJdS 
fiir,  what,  what  kind  of  a. 

bte  jjtird)!,  -,  (fright),  fear, 
dread,  apprehension. 

fiird)ten,  tr.  and  refl.  (fyaben),  to 
fear,  be  afraid  of  (Dor). 


fiirrtitcrlicli 


33 


Oieber 


fiirdjterlirf),  adj.,  frightful,  dread- 
ful, terrible. 

ber  ftiirft,  -en,  -en,  prince. 

bie  jjiirftengruft,  -,  ce,  prince's 
tomb,  grave,  or  mausoleum. 

fitrttmfir',  adv.,  forsooth,  in 
truth,  indeed. 

ber  &ufe,  -eg,  "e,  foot  ;  leg, 
limb  ;  =  Jifcijbcin,  table  leg. 

ber  ^ufcpfab,  -(e)g,  -e,  footpath. 

ber  ftuhtoeQ,  -(e)g,  -e,  footpath 
(footway). 

fiittern,  tr.  (Ijaben),  to  line,  face. 

OJ 

bie  ©obe,  -,  -n,  gift,  alms  ; 
talent,  endowment  ;  =  SOW* 
gabe,  dowry,  marriage  portion. 

bie  (Mabel,  -,  -n,  fork  ;  = 
^eugabel,  pitchfork,  hay  fork. 

gaff  en,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  stare, 
gape,  stand  gazing  at. 

ber  (Sang,  -(e)g,  "e,  way,  walk, 
course. 

ber  ©SnfeftaH,  -(e)g,  Ee,  goose- 
pen  or  coop. 

ganj,  adj.,  all,  entire,  whole  ; 
adv.,  wholly,  quite,  entirely, 
very  ;  tm  ganjen  beleben,  to  be 
the  life  and  soul  of  ;  gum 
®cmjen,  for  the  common 
good  ;  as  noun,  bag  Cftanje, 
the  whole,  the  whole  affair. 

gar,  adv.,  quite,  entirely,  fully, 
very  ;  even,  also  ;  ready  ; 
with  a  negative,  not  at  all  ; 
gar  balb,  very  soon;  gar  oft, 
very  often  ;  gar 


many  a  thing  ;  gar  ju,  too 
far,  altogether  too  much. 

bie  ©arbe,  -,  -n,  sheaf. 

bie  ©orntfon,  -,  -en,  garrison. 

ber  (Batten,  -g,  a,  garden. 

bag  Wartcnljaiii?,  -eg,  "er,  garden 
or  summer  house. 

gartenumgebcn,  part,  adj.,  sur- 
rounded by  a  garden. 

bie  ®affe,  -,  -n,  (narrow)  street, 
lane,  alley. 

ber  ©aft,  -(e)g,  "e,  guest. 

ber  ©aftfcof,  -(c)«,  "e,  hotel,  inn. 

ber  ©atte,  -n,  -n,  husband. 

bie  ©atttn,  -,  -(in)nen,  wife. 

ge-,  insep.  pref.,  unaccented  ; 
the  sign  of  the  perfect  participle. 

ba*  6Jebalf'(e),  -(e)S,  -t,  frame- 
work, beams,  timberwork. 

bie  ©ebar'be,  -,  -n,  look,  bear- 
ing, gesture. 

gebfi'ren  (gebtert),  gebar,  I>at 
geboren,  tr.,  to  bear  ;  give 
birth  to  ;  ruftig  geboren, 
strong  by  birth  or  nature. 

bag  (SJebau'be,  -g,  -,  building, 
structure,  house  ;  estab- 
lished institution. 

bag  ©ebein',  -(e)g,  -e,  bones  ; 
limbs. 

bag  ©ebel'fer,  -g,  barking,  yelp- 
ing. 

gcben  (gibt),  gab,  bat  gegeben, 
tr.,  to  give  ;  =  angeben,  to 
indicate,  point  out  ;  recf)t 
geben,  to  concede  or  grant 
that  one  is  right  ;  as  noun, 
bag  ®eben,  -g,  giving. 

ber  ©ebcr,  -g,  -,  giver,  donor. 


GJcbict 


34 


gcfliiditet 


ba«    ©ebtet',    -(e)«,    -e,    field, 

province,  territory. 
gebte'ten,  gebot,  fjat  geboten,  tr., 

to  bid,  command  ;     govern, 

control     (dat.)  ;        gebtetenb, 

authoritatively, 
ber    ©ebie'ter,    -3,    -,    master, 

ruler, 
gebtl'bet,     part.     adj.     (bilben), 

educated,  refined,  cultivated, 
bag  QJebir'g(e),  -(e)g,  -e,  moun- 
tain (range), 
bag  OJebife',  -(ff)rt,  -(ff)c,  bit, 

bridle, 
gcblen'bet,   part.   adj.    (blenben), 

blinded,  dazzled. 
gebotynt',    part.    adj.    (botnten), 

polished. 
gebo'ren,    part.    adj.    (gebaren), 

born,  by  birth, 
gebor'gen,    part.    adj.    (bergen), 

safe,  provided  for. 
ber  ©ebrourf)',  -(e)g,  "e,  custom, 

usage  ;    use,  purpose. 
gebrou'djen,  tr.  (t)aben),  to  use, 

make  use  of. 
bag   ©ebret'te,  -(e)3,  -,   broad 

field,  expanse  of  land, 
bie    @eburt',    -,    -en,     birth, 

family,  descent, 
bag   ©ebiifdj',   -e8,   -€,   bushes, 

thicket,  copse. 
ba«  <Beba#t'nt3,  -(ff)e«,  -(ff)e, 

memory,  recollection,  mind, 
ber  ©ebanf'e,  -ng,  -n,  thought  ; 

purpose  ;  in  or  ofyne  ©ebanfen, 

lost  in  thought. 
gebei'fyen,  gebtel),  ift  gebte^en,  intr., 

to  thrive,  increase,  prosper  ; 


as  noun,  bag  ©ebeifyen,  -$, 
prosperity',  success,  increase. 

gebenf'en,  gebad^te,  b.at  gebacf)t, 
intr.,  to  intend,  purpose, 
have  in  mind  ;  with  gen.,  to 
think  of,  remember  ;  =  er= 
iDiifynen,  to  mention,  speak  of. 

bag  ©ebirfit',  -(e)g,  -e,  poem. 

bag  ©cbrong'(e),  -(e)g,  -e, 
throng,  crowd. 

gebrangt',  part.  adj.  (brangen), 
forced,  shoved,  crowded. 

bie  ©ebulb',  -,  patience,  en- 
durance. 

gebitCbig,  adj.,  patient  ;  as 
noun,  ber  ©ebulbige,  one  who 
is  patient. 

bie  GJefafyr',  -,  -en,  peril,  dan- 
ger. 

gcfaftr'Iid),  adj.,  dangerous, 
perilous. 

ber  ©eftifir'te,  -n,  -n,  comrade, 
companion. 

gcf often  (gefallt),  gefiel,  f>at  ge= 
fatten,  intr.  (dat.),  to  please  ; 
gefatten  lafl'en,  to  be  satisfied. 

gefa'CIig,  adj.,  pleasant,  agree- 
able ;  gefftlttg  fc^met^eln,  to 
pay  pleasing  compliments. 

bie  ©efa'I'Ugfett,  -,  -en,  kind- 
ness, courtesy,  pleasing  man- 
ners. 

bag  ®efaf»',  -(ff)eg,  -(ff)e,  vessel, 
jar,  container. 

gefapt',  part.  adj.  (faffen),  = 
eingefafet,  inclosed,  sur- 
rounded. 

gefliicfi'tet,  part.  adj.  (ftiidjten), 
saved  (by  flight). 


gefliigelt 


35 


©elb 


geflit'gelt,  part.  adj.  (fliigeln), 
winged  ;  quickly  spoken. 

gefiigt',  part.  adj.  (fligen),  built, 
put  together,  matched. 

bag  (SJefiW,  -(e)g,  -e,  feeling, 
emotion  ;  tenderness,  senti- 
ment. 

gefiWloS,  adj.,  hard-hearted, 
unfeeling,  cruel. 

gefitfjrt',  part.  adj.  (fiifjren),  led. 

gefun'ben,  part.  adj.  (ftnben), 
found. 

gefiit'tert,  part.  adj.  (fiittern), 
lined,  faced. 

gegcn,  prep,  (ace.),  towards  ; 
against,  contrary  to  ;  in 
comparison  with. 

tie  ©egenb,  -,  -en,  region,  dis- 
trict, neighborhood,  country. 

gegenetnon'ber,  adv.,  against,  to- 
ward, to,  or  opposite  one 
another  ;  =  etnanber  gegen* 
ilber,  over  against,  opposite. 

gegentoSr'tig,  adj.,  present  ; 
gegentoiirttgen  ®etfteg,  with 
presence  of  mind. 

gegbnnt',  part.  adj.  (gonnen), 
granted,  allotted,  given. 

gefial'ten,  part.  adj.  (fjatten), 
reserved,  restrained  ;  sup- 
pressed. 

geijau'en,  part.  adj.  (fyauen), 
mowed,  hewn. 

bag  Okfietnt'ntS,  -(ff)e«,  -(ff)e, 
secret. 

gefyen,  ging,  ift  gegangen,  intr., 
to  go,  move,  walk  ;  enter  ; 
tior  fief)  gefyen,  to  take  place  ; 
as  noun,  bag  ©efyen,  -8,  walk, 


going  ;      im   ®e^en,   as   she 

walks, 
bag  @et)bft',  -«,  -c,  farm,  estate, 

farm  buildings. 
gefyor'tfyen,  intr.   (dat.)    ({>aben), 

to  obey,  be  guided  by. 
gefjo'ren,  intr.  (dat.)  (fyaben),  to 

belong  to,  be  due  to. 
bag  ©eiplatt,  -(e)g,  "ev,  wood- 
bine, honeysuckle, 
ber    ©ctft,    -(e)g,    -er,    spirit, 

intellect,  soul,  mind  ;     cour- 
age,    intelligence  ;         gegen* 

rtiftrttgen  ©eifteg,  with  presence 

of  mind, 
ber  ©etfterfontg,  -g,  -e,  king  of 

spirits,  superman. 
gctftUd),  adj.,  spiritual  ;  clerical, 

ecclesiastical  ;     as  noun,  ber 

©eiftltdje       (^err),       pastor, 

clergyman. 

flciftrcid),  adj.,  vivacious,  clever, 
gefetyrt',     part.     adj.     (fefyren), 

swept  ;    turned, 
bag    ©eficfy'er,    -g,    -,    giggle, 

tittering. 
gefratt'fett,  part.  adj.  (fraufeln), 

curled,  crimped, 
gela'ben,     part.     adj.     (laben), 

loaded,  piled, 
gclan'bet,    part.    adj.    (lanben), 

landed, 
gelang'en,  intr.  (fern),  to  arrive 

at,  reach,  attain, 
gelaf'fen,     part.     adj.     (laffen), 

calm,    composed,     tranquil  ; 

resigned,  patient, 
bag    ©clb,   -(e)g,   -cr,    money, 

coin. 


gdd)tt(e)t 


36 


gdd)'tt(e)t,  part.  adj.  (lefjnen), 
open,  ajar  ;  leaning. 

ber  Glelefjr'te,  -n,  -n,  learned 
man,  scholar. 

gdd'tcn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  escort, 
conduct,  guide  ;  geleitet, 
managed,  conducted. 

gelefcf;  part.  adj.  (Idjen),  re- 
freshed. 

gdiebt',  part.  adj.  (Heben),  be- 
loved ;  as  noun,  ber,  bie 
©diebte,  beloved  one,  sweet- 
heart, lover. 

gdtng'en,  gelang,  tft  gelungen, 
intr.,  to  succeed  ;  impersonal 
(dat.),  be  successful,  turn  out 
well,  take  effect. 

ba3  ©dtf'pd,  -3,  -,  whispering. 

gdorft',  part.  adj.  (lodfen),  en- 
ticed, attracted,  influenced. 

gdtift',  part.  adj.  (lofen), 
loosened,  unfastened. 

gelten  (gilt),  gait,  fjat  gegolten, 
intr.,  to  be  worth,  be  con- 
sidered valid,  hold  good. 

bag  ©diib'be,  -g,  -,  vow, 
promise. 

gcmadj'ltd),  adj.,  easy,  comfort- 
able, pleasant. 

ber  6Jemof)f ,  -(e)8,  -e,  husband. 

gema'R',  adj.,  adv.,  and  prep, 
(dat.},  fitting,  suitable;  ac- 
cording to,  in  accordance 
with,  suited  to. 

gemcttt',  adj.,  common,  mean, 
low,  vulgar  ;  gemeine  ®e= 
fdn'cfjte,  profane  history  ;  = 
gemetnfdjaftlidj  (dat.),  common 
to,  shared  alike  by. 


bie  (yemdn'(b)e,  -,  -n,  com- 
munity ;  parish,  congrega- 
tion. 

bag  OJcmii't(e),  -(e)g,  -er,  mind, 
soul,  heart,  feelings,  disposi- 
tion. 

genait',  adj.,  accurate,  exact, 
precise,  strict. 

gendgt',  part.  adj.  (neigen),  in- 
clined, disposed,  favorable  to. 

genie'fjen,  genoR,  b,at  genoffen,  tr., 
to  enjoy  ;  use,  employ  ; 
have  the  benefit  of  (gen.). 

genug',  adv.,  indeclinable  adj. 
or  noun,  enough  ;  genug  tun 
(dat.),  to  satisfy,  please. 

genii'gcn,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  satisfy, 
suffice,  be  enough. 

gemig'fam,  adj.,  contented, 
easily  satisfied,  sober,  frugal. 

geoff'nd,  part.  adj.  (offnen), 
opened  ;  with  the  top  down. 

bie  QJeoIogte',  -,  geology. 

gepftottSt'f  part.  adj.  (pftonjen), 
planted. 

gcptiinbcrt',  part.  adj.  (pliinbern), 
plundered,  robbed. 

gepiibt',  part.  adj.  .  (puljen), 
dressed  up,  in  fine  clothes. 

gequdfrf)t',  part.  adj.  (quetfdjen), 
crushed,  crowded,  squeezed. 

g(e)ra'b(e),  adj.,  straight,  erect, 
direct,  upright,  practical  ; 
adv.,  directly,  straightway, 
just  ;  gerabe  fyerauS,  frankly, 
freely. 

bo«  GJerot',  -(e)«,  -e,  tool, 
utensil,  implement  ;  house- 
hold effects. 


geraten 


37 


gera'rett  (gerat),  genet,  tft  geraten, 
intr.,  to  come,  go  ;  succeed  ; 
fall  upon,  hit  upon  ;  iDofytn 
fie  geraten,  what  had  become 
of  her,  whither  she  had  gone. 

gerou'mig,  adj.,  broad,  roomy, 
spacious. 

bag  (yeraufd)',  -eg,  -e,  noise,  din. 

gered)t'f  adj.,  just,  right,  right- 
eous. 

gcret'tet,  part.  adj.  (retten), 
rescued,  saved. 

gcring',  adj.,  small,  slight,  in- 
significant, of  little  value  ;  as 
noun,  bag  ®ertngfte,  the  least. 

bic  (SJerma'nia,  -6  or  -tens, 
proper  name,  Germania,  Ger- 
many. 

flern(c),  (Iteber,  ant  Itebften),  adv., 
gladly,  willingly,  readily;  with 
a  verb,  to  like,  enjoy  doing  ; 
ntdjt  gerne,  unwillingly,  reluc- 
tantly. 

geriifjrt',  part.  adj.  (rtifjren), 
touched,  moved. 

gefam'melt,  part.  adj.  (famnteln), 
gathered. 

ber  (Mefonb'te,  -n,  -n,  (adj.  as 
noun),  envoy,  ambassador, 
messenger. 

ber  QJcfong',  -(e)g,  "e,  song,  canto. 

bag  ©efepft',  -(e)g,  "e,  busi- 
ness, transaction,  pursuit  ; 
bargain  ;  auf  ®efd)ftft  =  in 
®efdjftften,  on  business  ;  ©e= 
fdjSfte,  interests. 

gefctya'f'tig,  -adj.,  employed, 
busy  ;  diligent,  active  ; 
officious,  interfering. 


bag  ©efcfyoft^Ieben,  -g,  business 

life. 

en  (gefcf)ief)t),  gefc^a{»,  tft 

gefc^e^en,    intr.,    to    happen, 

occur,    come    to    pass  ;       eg 

tft    nun    gefdjefyen,    it    is    all 

over  ;    as  passive,  be  done, 
bag   ©efaetif',   -(e)g,   -e,    gift, 

present, 
bte    ©efd)td)'te,    -,    -n,    story, 

narrative  ;  history. 
gefrf)id)t'It(l),  adj.,  historical, 
bag  Okfcf)tcf'(e),  -(e)g,  -e,  fate, 

lot,  destiny. 
gefd)t<ft',     part,     adj.,     skillful, 

apt,       clever  ;       able,       fit, 

adapted, 
bag  ©ef(fy(erf|t',  -(e)g,  -er,  race, 

generation  ;      sex  ;      family, 

birth, 
gefdjlif'fen,  part.  adj.  (fdjletfen), 

cut  (of  glass),  ground,  polished. 
gef^Iof'fen,  part.  adj.  (f^Iiefeen), 

closed,  locked, 
ber  ©efctimarf',  -(e)g,  "e,  taste, 

fashion,  style. 

gefdjmarf'tioll,  adj.,  dainty,  taste- 
ful, in  good  taste, 
gefdimci'btg,       adj.,       slender, 

supple. 
gefdjntorsen,  part.  adj.   (fdjntel= 

gen),  melted,  molten, 
bag   ©efaopf,  -(e)g,  -e,   crea- 
ture, being, 
bag  (9efd|m'f  -(e)g,  -e,  shriek, 

screaming  ;  outcry  ;  clamor, 

complaint. 
bag(Uefd)tt)0^'  (e),  -eg,  -e,  gossip, 

chatting,  idle  talk. 


gcf(f)tt)afetg 


38 


©etofe 


gcfrf)lt)(ife'tg,  adj.,  talkative,  gos- 
sipy, loquacious. 

gefd)tt)tn'b(e),  adj.,  prompt, 
quick  ;  fyeilfam  gefdjttrinbe, 
with  salutary  haste. 

gefeg'net,  part.  adj.  (fegnen), 
blessed  ;  fei  mtr  gefegnet, 
receive  my  blessing. 

ber  GJefel'I(e),  -en,  -en,  com- 
rade ;  workman,  journey- 
man (between  apprentice  and 
master). 

gefd'len,  tr.  and  rejl.  (fyaben),  to 
join,  unite,  accompany  ;  be 
added  to. 

bte  ©efefl'fdjaft,  -,  -en,  society, 
company. 

gefett'bet,  part.  adj.  (fenben), 
sent,  dispatched. 

bag  (Befefe',  -eg,  -e,  law. 

gefefet',  part.  adj.  (feljen),  settled, 
steady  ;  composed,  grave, 
sober. 

bag  ®eiW,  -(e)g,  -cr,  face, 
countenance  ;  ju  ©eftcfjt 
ftefjen,  to  be  becoming  to. 

bag  ©eftn'be,  -g,  collective,  serv- 
ants, domestics. 

bag  ©efm'bel,  -3,  collective, 
mob,  rabble  ;  vagrants,  ma- 
rauders. 

geftnnt',  part.  adj.  (finnen),  dis- 
posed, minded  ;  luiirbtg  ge* 
finnt,  with  noble  intentions  ; 
fdjtoanfenb  geftnnt,  of  waver- 
ing mind,  fickle. 

bte  GJefm'mtng,  -,  -en,  mind, 
disposition  ;  view,  idea  ; 
sentiments,  mode  of  thought. 


gcfpie'gelt,  part.  adj.  (fpiegeln), 
mirrored,  reflected. 

ber  ©cfpie'Ie,  -n,  -n,  playmate. 

ba«  ©efprod)',  -(e)«,  -e,  talk, 
conversation,  speech  ;  dis- 
cussion, subject. 

gefpro'rf)tgf  adj.,  talkative,  lo- 
quacious. 

bte  ©eftttlt',  -,  -«n,  form,  figure, 
shape  ;  appearance,  looks. 

geftal'ten,  tr.  and  refl.  (f)aben), 
to  form,  fashion,  shape  ; 
take  the  form  of  ;  geftaltet, 
well-ordered. 

geftarft',  part.  adj.  (ftarfen), 
strengthened. 

gefte'^en,  geftanb,  fjat  geftanben, 
tr.,  to  admit,  own,  confess. 

gef'tern,  adv.,  yesterday. 

gefruft',  part.  adj.  (fttcfen),  em- 
broidered. 

geftie'felt,  part.  adj.  (ftiefeln), 
booted,  in  boots. 

gefrimmt',  part.  adj.  (fttmmen), 
disposed,  attuned. 

bag  Qkftra'ud)',  ~(e)g/  -e/  bushes. 

gefrubt',  part.  adj.  (ftuljen), 
trimmed,  arranged  (of  hair). 

geftiifet',  part.  adj.  (ftiil?en), 
braced,  supported  ;  tm't  bent 
Strme  geftiiljt,  leaning  on  his 
arm. 

gcfunb',  adj.,  sound,  healthy, 
wholesome. 

bte  ©cfitnb'fjett,  -,  -en,  health. 

bag  dJcton',  -(e)g,  -e,  clang,  din, 
sounding. 

bag  ©ctb'fe,  -g,  noise,  din, 
tumult. 


getragen 


39 


gefrogen 


getra'gen,  part.  adj.  (tragen), 
worn. 

bag  ©etranf'(e),  -(e)g,  -e,  drink, 
beverage  ;  tnancfjeg  ®etranf, 
many  a  drink,  much  to  drink. 

bag  ©etrei'be,  -3,  grain,  grain  field. 

gerrof'fen,  part.  adj.  (treffen), 
struck,  wounded,  touched. 

getroft',  adj.,  assured,  confident, 
without  fear,  courageous,  of 
good  cheer. 

getrijf'tct,  part.  adj.  (troften), 
comforted,  reassured,  with 
light  heart. 

getriifct',  part.  adj.  (triiben), 
troubled. 

getrim'fen,  part.  adj.  (trtnfen), 
drunk  ;  as  imperative,  drink  ! 

bag  ©etiim'mel,  -g,  noise,  tu- 
mult, confusion,  turmoil. 

geiibt',  part.  adj.  (tlben),  prac- 
ticed, skilled  in. 

gett)fif)'rcn,  tr.  (Ijaben),  to  grant, 
allow,  attest  ;  intr.,  getoafyren 
laffen,  to  leave  to  one's  own 
bent  ;  let  follow  one's  own 
natural  tendency. 

bte  ©ettwlt',  -,  -en,  power, 
authority  ;  violence,  force. 

getofll'ttg,  adj.,  strong,  power- 
ful, mighty,  great. 

gehwlt'fam,  adj.,  violent,  force- 
ful. 

geftmnbt',  part.  adj.  (wenben), 
adroit,  quick,  dexterous, 
clever. 

bte  ©etoanbt'fjett,  -,  ability, 
dexterity  ;  cleverness,  ver- 
satility, intelligence. 


gettwrnt',  part.  adj.  (luarnen), 
warned. 

bag  ©eftie'fce,  -$,  -,  web,  tex- 
ture, fabric. 

getoebt',  part.  adj.  (roeben), 
woven. 

getoet^'fctt,  part.  adj.  (medjfeln), 
exchanged,  interchanged. 

bag  ©eh)c^r',  -(e)«,  -e,  weapons, 
arms,  gun. 

gehmfet',  part.  adj.  (rtjeifeen), 
whitened,  whitewashed, 

painted  white. 

gewen'bet,  part.  adj.  (toenben), 
turned. 

ba«  ©ctticr'fiCc),  -(e)«,  -e,  trade, 
business,  occupation,  profes- 
sion. 

gettJtcf'clt,  part.  adj.  (toicfeln), 
wound,  wrapped. 

bag  ©etutm'mel,  -g,  -,  crowd, 
throng. 

ber  ©ewinn',  -(e)g,  -e,  gain, 
profit,  winning,  benefit. 

geitrin'nen,  getoann,  fjat  gemonnen, 
tr.  and  intr.,  to  win  ;  gain, 
earn,  acquire. 

getoifc',  adj.,  certain,  sure,  sure 
of  (gen.),  definite  ;  secure, 
safe,  content  ;  geroifj  madjen, 
to  assure,  give  a  feeling  of 
security,  make  sure. 

bag  ©etoit'ter,  -g,  -,  thunder- 
storm, tempest. 

gett)it'terbrof)enb,  part,  adj., 
threatening  a  storm. 

gettJO'gen,  part.  adj.  (mftgen  or 
ttriegen),  favorably  inclined 
towards,  friendly,  attached. 


40 


flliirflirt) 


geroiJij'nen,  tr.  (fjoben),  to  accus- 
tom to  (an  with  ace.  or  $u 
with  dat.)  ;  refl.,  become 
accustomed,  accustom  one's 
self. 

flOttbfjn'licf),  adj.,  usual,  cus- 
tomary. 

geniofjnt',  part.  adj.  (g,ett>of)nen), 
wonted,  familiar,  used,  ac- 
customed to  (ace.  or  gen.). 

bag  ©ettJOl'be,  -g,  -,  vault,  arch, 
archway,  cellar. 

getoblbt',  part.  adj.  (rodlben), 
arched,  rounded,  curving. 

gettmnfdjt',  part.  adj.  (tt>iinfcf)en), 
wished  for,  desired  ;  as  noun, 
bag  ©ett)iinf<f)te,  what  is  de- 
sired. 

gejte'mcn,  intr.  (fjaben),  imper- 
sonal, to  behoove,  befit,  be 
proper,  be  becoming  to  (dat.). 

gejtert',  part.  adj.  (jteren), 
adorned,  decorated. 

gejo'gen,  part.  adj.  (gie&en), 
drawn. 

ber  ©tebel,  -g,  -,  gable. 

ber  ©tyfel,  -g,  -,  top,  peak, 
summit  ;  climax,  acme. 

ber  ©tons,  -«8,  splendor,  ra- 
diance. 

glonjen,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  glisten, 
shine,  gleam,  glitter  ;  gliin= 
jenb,  bright,  gleaming  ;  splen- 
did, magnificent. 

bag  ©Io^r  -e«,  "er,  glass. 

ba8  ©lo^^cn,  -9,  -,  dint., 
modest  or  little  glass. 

glfltt,  adj.,  smooth,  not  carved. 

ber  ©loufce,  -n3,  faith,  belief. 


glouOen,  tr.  (^aben),  to  believe, 
think. 

glcid),  adj.,  like,  equal,  same, 
similar  (dat.);  straight,  regu- 
lar, uniform,  even  ;  mit  jjleU 
d)em  9)Jute,  calmly,  equably; 
adv.  =  fogteic^,  immediatel}', 
at  once  ;  conj.  =  obgletcf), 
although,  though  ;  glei(f|  burc^= 
ttmtenb,  wading  directly 
through. 

gletrfien,  gltcf),  f>at  gegltc^en,  tr. 
and  intr.  (dat.),  to  be  like, 
be  equal,  resemble  ;  make 
even,  compare. 

gletcf)fatt£,  adv.,  likewise,  also. 

gleufygeftmtt,  part,  adj.,  like- 
minded,  congenial. 

bie  ©IcicMett,  -,  equality. 

bag  ©(e)Ieife,  -S,  -,  track,  rut. 

ba«  ©Iteb,  -(e)«,  -er,  limb, 
member  (of  the  body), 
joint. 

gltmmen,  glomm,  !jat  geglommen 
(or  reg.),  intr.,  to  glimmer, 
glow,  burn  faintly. 

bie  ©torfc,  -,  -n,  bell  ;  bie 
ftiirrrtenbe  ®Iocfe,  alarm  bell. 

ber  ©lodenfrfjlog,  -(e)«,  "e, 
stroke  of  the  clock. 

bag  ©liirf,  -(e)$,  luck,  fortune, 
happiness  ;  success  ;  ouf 
©liidf  unb  3ufalt,  at  random, 
by  luck  and  chance. 

gliufftd),  adj.,  fortunate,  lucky, 
happy,  successful,  prosper- 
ous ;  without  serious  injury  ; 
as  noun,  ber  ©liicfltc&e,  the 
successful,  prosperous  man. 


flliilieu 


41 


grof? 


gtiifjen,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  glow, 
be  red. 

bte  ©tut,  -,  -en,  glow,  bright- 
ness ;  heat,  flame,  glowing 
fire. 

gndbig,  adj.,  gracious,  kind, 
merciful. 

ber  ©oetb,e,  -g,  proper  name, 
Goethe  ;  Johann  Wolfgang 
von  Goethe  (1749-1832),  Ger- 
many's greatest  literary  man; 
his  father,  Johann  Kaspar 
Goethe. 

bag  ©0etb,eb,au3,  -eg,  "er, 
Goethe's  house. 

goetf)tfd)en,  proper  adj., 
Goethe's,  of  Goethe. 

ba«  ©olb,  -(e)g,  gold. 

golbcn,  adj.,  golden. 

ba«  ©olbfriicf,  -(e)g,  -e,  gold 
piece,  coin. 

gbnnen,  lr.  (f)aben),  to  grant, 
permit,  concede,  not  grudge. 

flottfrf),  adj.,  Gothic. 

ber  ©ott,  -(e)g,  "er,  God  ;    god. 

bag  ©btterbilb,  -(e)g,  -er,  image 
of  God  or  of  the  gods. 

ber  ©btterbtirf,  -(e)g,  -e,  god- 
like look  or  glance. 

ber  ©ottfrieb,  -g,  proper  name, 
Godfrey. 

bte  ©ottfjett,  -,  -en,  godhead, 
deity. 

bie  ©btttn,  -,  -(tn)nen,  goddess. 

fliittlid),  adj.,  godly,  godlike, 
divine  ;  as  noun,  bag  ®ott= 
tkft,e,  the  godly,  the  divine. 

ber  6)i)6,  -eg  or  -eng,  proper 
name,  Gotz  von  Berlichingen, 


title  and  hero  of  one  of  Goethe's 

first  dramas. 
ber  ©raben,  -g,  ",  ditch,  trench  ; 

moat,  dike  ;    (grave). 
graben    (gra'bt),    gr«b,    l)at    ge= 

graben,  tr.,  to  dig,  excavate  ; 

(engrave), 
grob(e),  see  gerabe. 
ber  ©raf,  -en,  -en,  count, 
gram,  adj.,  ill-disposed  to  (dat.), 

displeased  ;    gram  fein  (dat.), 

to  dislike,  be  displeased, 
grail,  adj.,  gray,  hoary, 
graufam,     adj.,     cruel,     fierce, 

gruesome. 
greifett,   griff,   Ijat   gegriffen,   tr. 

(fjaben),  to  grip,  grasp,  seize  ; 

take,  choose. 

ber  @mdr  -eg,  -e,  old  man. 
bie  ©rensc,  -,  -n,  border,  bound- 
ary, frontier, 
bag  ($5retcb,en,  -g,  proper  name, 

dim.  of  9J?argarete,  Gretchen, 

the  heroine  in  Goethe's  Faust. 
gmtttdj,  adj.,  horrible,  terrible, 

hideous,  gruesome. 
gricd)tfcf),  adj.,  Greek  ;  as  noun, 

bag     ©rtedjtfdje,     the     Greek 

language, 
bte  ©rifle,  -,  -n,  whim,  fancy, 

humor,  caprice  ;     depressing 

thoughts,  cares,  "  blues." 
grimnug,  adj.,  wild,  grim,  fierce, 

angry,  furious. 
grob  (grober,  grobft),  adj.,  gruff, 

coarse,  large. 
grofe  (grofeer,  grflfet),  adj.,  great, 

important  ;      large,    tall  ;  = 

grojjmiitig,     generous,     mag- 


42 


linitcn 


nanimous  ;  tm  grofjen,  on 
a  large  scale,  by  wholesale  ; 
bie  8r°6c  ©trofje,  highway, 
main  road. 

bie  (SJriifee,  -,  size,  stature. 

bte  ©rofemutter,  -,  *,  grand- 
mother. 

ber  ©rofetioter,  -g,  ",  grand- 
father. 

ba«  (yrottenroerf,  -(e)g,  -e, 
grottowork,  rockwork. 

griin,  adj.,  green. 

ber  ©runb,  -(e)g,  "e,  ground  ; 
foundation,  base  ;  reason, 
motive. 

griinben,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  found  ; 
(ground). 

bag  ©runbgefefe,  -eg,  -e,  funda- 
mental law,  constitution. 

griinen,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  be  or 
grow  green  ;  griinenb,  ver- 
dant, growing  green. 

griinlid),  adj.,  greenish. 

ber  ©ritfe,  -eg,  "e,  greeting, 
salutation. 

griifeen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  greet, 
salute. 

bie  (ifunft,  -,  "e,  favor,  kindness. 

giinftig,  adj.,  favorable,  propi- 
tious. 

ber  ©life,  -(ff)e«,  a(ff)e,  heavy 
shower,  downpour,  torrent  of 
rain. 

gut  (be[fer,  beft),  adj.,  good, 
kind,  good-hearted,  good- 
natured  ;  adv.,  well  ;  as 
noun,  ber,  bie  ©ute,  good 
person  ;  bag  ©ute,  the  ideal 
good. 


ba«  ©lit,  -(e)g,  "er,  property, 
estate,  land  ;  goods. 

ber  ©ute'bel,  -3,  a  choice  grape 
of  red,  white,  and  green 
varieties,  the  chasselas. 

giitig,  adj.,  kind,  gracious,  good. 

gutmiitig,  adj.,  kindly,  good- 
natured,  good-hearted. 


bag  $aar,  -(e)g,  -e,  hair. 

bie  .'dabc,  -,  property,  goods, 
possessions. 

fjaben  (b,at),  fyatte,  Ijat  ge^abt,  tr., 
to  have,  keep,  hold,  possess, 
cherish  ;  retain  ;  ttrie  bu  eg 
fjabeft  mit  tfjm,  upon  what 
terms  you  are  with  him  ; 
how  he  will  treat  you. 

Ijabcrn,  intr.  ({jaben),  to  quarrel, 
wrangle. 

ber  £afer,  -g,  oats. 

()0lb,  adj.,  half. 

f)al6gerroftet,  part,  adj.,  half- 
comforted,  partially  reas- 
sured. 

f)a(bfciben,  adj.,  half-silk. 

lialbucrbrannt,  part,  adj.,  half- 
burned. 

linlbtDaiir,  adj.,  half-true. 

bie  £otfte,  -  -n,  half. 

Jiallen,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  sound, 
resound. 

fatten  (t»alt),  t^ielt,  fiat  aef»alten, 
tr.,  to  hold,  keep  ;  use, 
employ  ;  =  anfyalten,  to  halt, 
stop  ;  =  ouffyalten,  to  detain, 
delay,  hold  back  ;  =  aug* 


43 


hcDraifd) 


fatten,  to  endure,  hold  out, 
be  firm  ;  fatten  alg,  ftir,  nrie, 
to  consider,  regard  as,  es- 
teem ;  bie  $robe  fyalten,  to 
stand  the  test  ;  fidj  baran 
fjalten,  to  keep  on,  adhere  (to 
one's  course)  ;  auf  ettoag 
btel  fatten,  to  value  highly, 
lay  great  stress  upon  ;  refl., 
to  restrain,  contain  one's 
self  ;  gefyalten,  self-controlled, 
with  restrained  feelings. 

bte  ^>anb,  -,  ae,  hand. 

bag  .£>a'nbefiiffen,  -3,  kissing  of 
hands. 

ber  £anbe(,  -3,  trade,  business, 
commerce. 

fjanbcln,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  act, 
proceed  ;  deal  with,  handle  ; 
trade  ;  =  fid)  abgeben,  to  as- 
sociate with. 

bag  $anbcl3biib(f)en,  -$/  ~,  dim. 
of  contempt,  trade  chap,  clerk. 

bte  .<panb(ung,  -,  -en,  act,  action  ; 
plot. 

ber  ^>onbfcf|fogf  -(e)g,  "e,  hand 
shake  (often  as  a  pledge), 
promise. 

ber  -dang,  -(e)g,  "e,  slope,  in- 
cline ;  inclination,  tendency, 
disposition. 

fangen  (f)cmgt),  f)ing,  twxt  ge* 
fjangen,  intr.,  to  hang. 

f)fingen,  tr.  (^aben),  to  hang. 

tyomn,  intr.  (gen.  or  auf  with 
ace.),  to  wait  for,  await 
eagerly  ;  stay. 

fyort  (Barter,  {jarteft),  adj.,  hard, 
harsh,  severe,  difficult. 


fyaffen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  hate. 

ber  ^»oii(ft,  -(e)3,  -e,  breath. 

()aucn,  fjieb,  fyat  gefjauen,  tr.,  to 
hew,  cut  ;  mow. 

ber  £aufe,  -n3,  -n,  heap,  pile  ; 
troop,  band  ;  ber  £aufe  betm 
^>aufen,  hoard  upon  hoard. 

f)  auf  en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  heap  up, 
amass,  increase  ;  refl.,  ac- 
cumulate ;  fief)  fjaufen  ju, 
be  added  to. 

ba«  -Oaitpt,  -(e)«,  aer,  head, 
chief. 

bie  .'dauptftabt,  -,  "e,  capital  ; 
chief  city,  metropolis. 

baS  ^>au^,  -e«,  "er,  house  ; 
family,  line  ;  =  SRatfyauS,  city 
hall  ;  nad)  £>aufe,  home,  home- 
ward ;  ju  ^aufe,  at  home  ; 
Don  $aitfe,  away  from  home. 

bie  $au3frait,  -,  -en,  house- 
wife ;  mistress  of  the  house. 

ber  £au31)altf  -(e)«,  household, 
housekeeping. 

Ija'U'Mtcf),  adj.,  domestic,  home- 
loving  ;  thrifty,  skilled  in 
housekeeping. 

ber  $ait3ratf  -(e)8,  collective, 
household  furniture,  utensils 
or  furnishings. 

ber  £>au3n>irt,  -(e)«,  -e,  master 
of  the  house,  landlord. 

fyeben,  f)ob  or  t»ub,  {>at  gefjoben, 
tr.,  to  lift,  raise,  (heave)  ; 
refl.  =  fidj  erfyeben,  to  rise  ; 
05  noun,  bag  £>eben,  -8,  lifting. 
),  adj.,  Hebrew  ;  as 
noun,  bag  ^ebrttifdje,  the  He- 
brew language. 


44 


bie  £erfe,  -,  -n,  hedge. 

(jcfrig,  adj.,  vehement,  violent, 

powerful,    impetuous,    hefty, 

vigorous  ;         as     noun,     ber 

^)eftige,    the    excited,    angry 

man. 
bie    ^peftigfett,    -,    vehemence, 

impetuosity,  quick  temper. 
fyegen,   tr.    (h,aben),    to   cherish, 

entertain,  feel,  have. 
J)Cf)t,  adj.,  august,  grand,  sub- 

lime. 

btc  Jpetbe,  -,  -n,  heath. 
baS  £eibenriJSletn,  -3,  -,  dim., 

little  heather  rose. 
ba3  £eU,  -(e)3,  happiness,  well- 

being,  salvation  ;  ^>etl  !  (dat.), 

hail  !  hail  to,  well  for. 
ticUbar,  adj.,  healable,  curable. 
ftcilig,  adj.,  holy,  sacred. 
l)cUfam,  adj.,  wholesome,  heal- 

ing,   salutary  ;       fyeilfam    ge= 

fcfjnrinbe,  with  salutary  speed. 
bie  Jpettnat,  -,  -en,  home,  native 

land  or  city. 

ficimlid),  adj.,  secret,  mysterious. 
ber  $einemann,  -3,  proper  name, 

Karl     Heinemann,  the    author 

of  £eutf<f)e  3)icf)tung. 
bie  £eirat,  -,  -en,  marriage. 
f)dfcf)en,  tr.  (Jjaben),  to  ask,  re- 

quire, demand,  beg. 
f)dft,  adj.,  hot. 
ijdften,  fjiefe,  fiat  gefieifeen,  tr.,  to 

bid,     direct,     order  ;        call, 

name  ;     intr.,  to  be  called  ; 

mean. 


,   part,  adj.,   hotly 
shed  (tears). 


fjeiter,  adj.,  serene,  happy, 
merry,  cheerful,  pleasant. 

bie  Jpciterfeit,  -,  mirth,  cheer- 
fulness, gladness. 

ber  Jpelb,  -en,  -en,  hero. 

bie  -Oelbitt,  -,  -(tn)nen,  heroine. 

fcelfen  (f)ilft),  f>alf,  f)at  gefjolfen, 
intr.  (dat.),  to  help,  aid. 

fyett,  adj.,  bright,  clear. 

ba«  £emb,  -(e)«,  -en,  shirt, 
chemise  ;  waist. 

fjcmmett,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  re- 
press, restrain,  check,  impede, 
hem. 

ber  ^pcngft,  -(e)$,  -tt  stallion, 
horse. 

ber  .frcnfef,  -S,  -,  handle. 

Ijer,  adv.  and  sep.  pref.,  here, 
hither,  this  way  (toward  the 
speaker)  ;  ago,  along  ;  f)in 
linb  f)er,  to  and  fro,  hither  and 
thither  ;  lange  f>er,  long  ago. 

fjerob',  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
down,  down  from. 

^crob'foaen  (faflt  f)erab),  ftel 
fjerab,  tft  fjerabgefallen,  intr., 
to  fall  down,  descend. 

f)era&'fommen,  fam  fjerab,  ift 
fyerabgefommen,  intr.,  to  come 
down,  descend. 

f)era&'fd)lagen  (fd^Iagt  fjerab), 
fcf)Iug  fjerab,  f)at  f)erabgefcf)Iagen, 
tr.  and  intr.,  to  beat  down, 
pour  down. 

fjcran',  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
hither,  toward,  up  to,  near. 

f|cran'f)cben,  b,ob  {jeran,  Ijat  fjeran- 
ge^oben,  refl.,  =  ftcf)  erfjeben, 
to  rise,  ascend  ;  rise  upon. 


t)cranfommen 


45 


f)erfiib,ren 


fceran'fommen,  fam  fjeran,  ift 
fjerangefommen,  intr.,  to  ap- 
proach, draw  near,  come 
towards. 

Ijeran'treten  (trttt  fjeran),  trat 
fyeran,  ift  fyerangetreten,  intr., 
to  step  up. 

f)eran'tt)ad)fen  (toadfjft  fjeran), 
ttmd)3  fyeran,  ift  b,erangeit>ad|jfen, 
intr.,  to  grow  up,  advance  in 
years. 

fjerailf,  adv.  and  sep.  pref.,  up 
here  (towards  the  speaker)  ; 
up,  upwards. 

f)eratif'gcf)(e)n,  ging  fierauf,  ift 
fjeraufgegangen,  intr.,  to  rise, 
go  up. 

{jerauf'fommen,  fam  fyerauf,  ift 
fjeraufge  foramen,  intr.,  to  come 
up. 

fieraufsiefiett,  jog  fjerauf,  ift  or  f»at 
fjeraufgejogen,  tr.,  intr.,  and 
refi.,  to  draw  up,  ascend  ; 
gather,  rise. 

fyerauS',  adv.  and  sep.  pref.,  out 
here,  out  of,  from,  forth. 

Ijerau£'fuft,rett,  sep.  tr.  (fyaben), 
to  lead  out. 

bie  4?erait3'fla6e,  ->  ~n/  publica- 
tion, edition. 

en   (gtbt  t)erau«),  gab 
I)at  fjerau^gegeben,  tr., 
to  give  out,  publish. 

f)erau3'gef)en,  ging  b,erau§,  ift 
f»erau«gegangen,  intr.,  to  go  out. 

f)erau3'fagen,  tr.  (f»aben),  to  say 
out,  speak  freely. 

fjerbei',  adv.  and  sep.  pref.,  hither, 
on,  near  by,  up  this  way. 


fier&ei'fommen,    font    fyerbet,    ift 

{jerbeigefomtnen,  intr.,  to  come 

up,  approach. 
fyerbd'treten    (tritt   tierbet),    trat 

{jerbei,  ift  ^erbeigetreten,   intr., 

to  step  up,  approach, 
fjer'brtngen,  bracfyte  f)er,  tjat  b,er= 

gebra^t,    tr.,    to    bring    here, 

hither,  up,  or  in. 
ber  .$erbft,  -(e)S,  -e,  autumn, 

fall  ;        harvest  ;  =  SBetnlefe, 

vintage, 
bie  £erber  -,  -n,   herd,   flock, 

drove. 
ber   Berber,   -9,   proper   name, 

Johann  Gottfried  von  Herder 

(1744-1803),      an      eminent 

German     philosopher,     critic, 

and    theologian,    a  friend    of 

Goethe's. 
fyerein',  adv.  and  sep.  pref.,  in 

here,  in  ;    interj.,  come  in  ! 
fyeretn'iriitgen,  bradjte  fjeretn,  fjat 

Ijereingebracfyt,  tr.,  to  bring  in, 

secure. 
f)erein'fit&,rett,    sep.    tr.    (tyaben), 

to  lead  or  bring  in. 
fyerem'fyangen  (fiftngt  herein),  h,ing 

Herein,  b,at  {jeretngefjangen,  intr., 

to    hang    within,    inside,    or 

down  into, 
fjemn'fontmen,    font    fyeretn,   ift 

fjereingefomtnen,  intr.,  to  enter, 

come  in. 
fycretn'treten    (tritt   fjerein),   trat 

Herein,  ift  Ijeretngetreten,  intr., 

to  step  in,  enter, 
fjer'fiifiren,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  bring 

or  guide  hither. 


h,ergeb,en 


46 


fierutnrennen 


b,er'geb.en,  gtng  fyer,  tft  l)erge= 
gangen,  inl-r.,  to  walk  along, 
go  on,  proceed  ;  iiber  einen 
fjergefjen,  to  override,  attack. 

fyer'gelmifen,  part.  adj.  (f>er= 
laufen),  vagrant,  runaway. 

b,er'b,angen  (fjftngt  f)er),  f»ing  fjer, 
fjat  fjergefjangen,  intr.,  to  bend 
or  hang  over  ;  cling  to. 

iKffliitflen,  Hang  fjer,  fjat  f>er* 
geflungen,  iw/r.,  to  resound, 
sound  down  or  hither. 

fjer'fommen,  fant  fjer,  tft  t)er= 
gefommen,  intr.,  to  come 
here  or  hither. 

tjer'Iaufen  (lauft  fyer),  Itef  f>er,  tft 
fyergelaufen,  iw/r.,  to  be  vag- 
rant, run  about. 

ber  Hermann,  -3,  proper  name, 
Hermann. 

fjemarf)',  adv.,  afterward,  here- 
after ;  accordingly,  accord- 
ing to. 

ber  £err,  -n,  -«"/  Lord,  lord, 
master,  mister,  Mr.  ;  gentle- 
man. 

fjcrrltd),  adj.,  excellent,  admi- 
rable, glorious,  grand,  lofty, 
noble,  magnificent,  splendid. 

bte  £errltd)fett,  -,  magnificence, 
grandeur,  splendor. 

bte  ^>errfd)aft,  -,  -en,  lordship, 
rule,  mastery,  sovereignty, 
power,  dominion. 

fyerrfdjen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  rule, 
govern,  reign  ;  as  noun,  ba$ 
§errf<f)en,  -g,  rule,  power. 

fjerii'ber,  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
over  here,  across,  to  this  side. 


fjcrii'bcrfommcn,  fam  IjcrUber,  tft 

fjeritbergefommen,      intr.,      to 

come  over  or  across. 
fyerii'berriicfen,   sep.   intr.    (fetn), 

to  move  or  come  this  way. 
fjerii'bertragett    (tragt    fjeriiber), 

trug    fieriiber,    t)at    fjeriiberge- 

tragen,  tr.,  carry  over  or  across. 
Jjerit'bersiefyen,    jog    fyeriiber,    tft 

tjeriibergejogen,  intr.,  to  come 

over  or  across  ;    move  past. 
Return',     adv.     and    sep.     pref., 

round  about,  about,  around. 
f)erum'geh,cn,     gtng     fjeriun,     tft 

fjerumgegangen,    intr.,    to    go 

around,  walk  about. 
b,crum'gctriebcn,       part.       adj. 

(fjerumtretben),  driven,  tossed, 

or  buffeted  about. 
{jerum'b,angen     (fjiingt     fyerwn), 

Ijtng  Ijerum,  {jat  Ijerumgefjangen, 

intr.,  hang  around, 
fieritm'fjaufen,   sep.   tr.    (fjaben), 

gather   or   heap   around,  refl., 

accumulate. 
^erum'Ienfcn,   sep.    tr.    (fyaben), 

turn  around. 
b,erum'Hcgcnr    lag    I)erunt,     fjat 

fjerumgelegen,  intr.,  lie  around. 
f)erum'neb,men    (nimntt    {jeritnt), 

nafym  tjerum,  fiat  f)erumgenom= 

men,   tr.,    scold,    reprove;  nut 

SBorten    fjerumneljmen,     repri- 
mand,  take   it   out    on,    rake 

over  the  coals. 
fyerum'retifjen,   sep.    tr.    (fjaben), 

pass  around. 
b,crum'rennen,  rannte  f)erunt,  ift 

fjeritntgerannt,  intr.,  run  around. 


47 


sep.  intr.  (fein 
or  fjat),  trot  or  patter  around, 
stamp  about. 

fyerun'ter,  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
down,  downwards,  off. 

fjeritn'terglanjen,  sep.  intr. 
(Ijaben),  to  shine  down. 

fjeritn'terfommcn,  fam  fyerunter, 
ift  Ijeruntergefomtnen,  intr.,  to 
come  down. 

fjcrutt'tertxmtten,  sep.  intr. 
(fjaben),  to  float  downwards, 
descend,  hang  in  folds. 

Ijerutt'tersicfiett,  jog  fjerunter,  Ijat 
fjerunterge^ogen,  tr.,  to  pull 
down  ;  intr.  (fein),  to  de- 
scend. 

Ijertjor',  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
forward,  out,  forth. 

f)ert)0r'&rtngen,  bradjte  fjerbor,  |at 
fjertoorgebrarfjt,  tr.,  to  bring 
forth,  produce,  take  out. 

fjertoor'bringen,  brang  fier&or,  ift 
fjerttorgebrungen,  intr.,  to  press 
forth. 

fyertoor'gefyen,  ging  fyerbor,  ift 
fjerborgegangen,  intr.,  to  pro- 
ceed from. 

fyertior'feJjren,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
bring  forth,  bring  to  light, 
turn  out. 

fyertoor'Iocfen,  sep.  tr.  (fyaben),  to 
draw  forth,  entice  out. 

fyerfcor'qucHen  (quilt  t  fterbor), 
quolf  fjerDor,  ift  fjerborgectuoflert, 
intr.,  to  gush  forth. 

fyerbor'treten  (trttt  ^eroor),  trat 
fyerbpr,  ift  fjerborgetreten,  intr., 
to  come  or  step  forth. 


,  jog  fjerbor,  {>ot 
fjerDorgejogen,  tr.,  to  pull  out 
or  forth. 

bag  ^erj,  -en«,  -en,  heart,  feel- 
ings ;  Don  ^erjen,  heartily  ; 
Don  C»erjen  geljen,  to  feel  ;  tnt 
tiefften  £>erjen,  deep  in  the 
heart,  in  the  depths  of  the 
heart. 

fier'stefiett,  gog  f»er,  ^ot  fjergejogen, 
tr.,  to  draw  here  or  near  ; 
intr.  (fein),  to  approach,  draw 
near  ;  bag  £>tn=  imb  §er= 
y.^(t)n,  roving,  wandering 
hither  and  thither. 

fjerjltdfj,  adj.,  hearty,  cordial, 
sincere,  tender,  dear. 

ber  ^crjog,  -(e)3,  "e,  duke. 

bie  ^erjogin,  -,  -(tn)nen, 
duchess. 

^crp',  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
hither,  here,  up. 

fjer&u'treten  (trttt  f)erju),  trat 
{>erju,  ift  {jerjugetreten,  intr., 
to  step  up,  approach. 

bag  Jpeit,  -(e)g,  hay. 

bie  ^>eud)eleir  -,  hypocrisy,  dis- 
simulation ;  sham. 

fjeulen,  intr.  ({»aben),  to  howl, 
scream,  wail. 

Ijeut(e),  adv.,  to-day. 

Iicitttg,  adj.,  of  to-day,  to-day's  ; 
am  Ijeuttgen  Sage,  to-day. 

ber  ^pcjo'mctcr,  -8,  -,  hexam- 
eter verse. 

fyter,  adv.,  here. 

^ic(r)f|cr'f  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
hither,  this  way  (toward  the 
speaker). 


llicrliin 


48 


f)ierf)in',  adv.,  hither  ;  h,ier'()in 
unb  bort'fjin,  hither  and 
thither,  this  way  and  that. 

fjtertn,  adv.,  in  this  or  that. 

Iticrnc'bcn,  adv.,  near  by,  next 
door,  adjoining  this. 

bte  £Ufe,  -,  help,  aid. 

fulfil)!?,  adj.,  helpless. 

fttffrdd),  adj.,  helpful. 

her  ^immcl,  -3,  -,  heaven,  sky. 

fyimmltfcfy,  adj.,  heavenly,  celes- 
tial ;  as  noun,  bte  §imtn= 
Hfdjen,  the  angels. 

l)tn,  adv.  and  sep.  pref.,  hence, 
thither,  along  ;  away,  gone  ; 
f)tn  unb  fyer,  hither  and 
thither  ;  f)tn  unb  nrieber,  here 
and  there,  now  and  then  ; 
I)in  unb  ttrieber  benfen,  to  con- 
sider and  reconsider,  dis- 
cuss ;  fur  fidj  f)in,  alone,  by 
one's  self  ;  Dor  fid)  fn'n, 
straight  ahead,  before  or  to 
one's  self  ;  in$  gelb  t)in,  into 
the  field. 

Ijinab',  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
down  (away  from  the 
speaker). 

liinab'laufcn  (lauft  binab),  lief 
fu'nab,  'ift  hjnabgelaufen,  intr., 
to  run  down. 

f)tnab'fd)auett,  sep.  intr.  (fjaben), 
to  look  down. 

b,inab'fd)reiten,  fdjritt  fjtnab,  ift 
fjinabgefdjritten,  intr.,  to  step 
or  walk  down. 

hjtmb'fteiflen,  ftieg  {)inab,  ift  f)tnab= 
gefttegen,  intr.,  to  descend,  go 
down. 


fjtnan',     adv.     and    sep.     pref., 

thither,   up,   up  along  ;      bt3 

fjtnan,  up  there,  to  that  place. 
{)tnan'faf)rcn  (faf)rt  tjtnan),  fufjr 

f)inan,  ift  b.mangefah,ren,  intr., 

to  drive  up  or  along. 
f)inan'fd)letd)en,  fdjltd)  fjinan,  ift 

b,tnangefd)Iid)en,  intr.,  to  steal 

or  creep  up. 
fyinan'ftetgen,  ftieg  fytnan,  ift  I)inan= 

gefttegen,  intr.,   to   climb   up, 

ascend, 
tyinauf,    adv.    and    sep.    pref., 

up  ;     fjofjer  fytnauf  ftolfen,  to 

aspire,    wish    to    advance   in 

the  world. 
f)tnaiif'fab,ren  (fafjrt  fjinauf),  fufjr 

^tnauf,  ift  fjinaufgefafjren,  intr., 

to  drive  up. 
b,inouf'fd)retten,  fd)rttt  bjnauf,  ift 

f)inaufgefd)ritten,  intr.,  to  step, 

climb,  or  go  up. 
f)tnau3',    adv.    and    sep.    pref., 

out,  away,  hence  (away  from 

the    speaker)  ;        out    over, 

along. 
f)tnau3'fiif|ren,   sep.   tr.    (fyaben), 

to  drive  out  ;     lead  or  take 

out,  conduct  forth. 
f)tnau£'gef)en,    ging    f)tnau3,    ift 

htnauSgegangen,    intr.,    to    go 

out. 
fjinauS'fommen,    fam  t)tnou8,  ift 

htnauggefomnten,  intr.,  to  come 

out. 
b,inau3'Io<fen,  tr.  (faben),  to  lure 

out,  entice  ;    attract. 

a$tercn,  sep.  intr.  (fein), 

to  walk  out  (for  pleasure). 


iiinliltrfcii 


49 


liiuuu-ii 


{jin'blicfen,    sep.    intr.,    to    look 

away. 
fyin'benfcn,    bad)te   f)tn,   f»at   f)in= 

gebacfjt,  tr.  and  intr.,  to  muse, 

think       of,       direct       one's 

thoughts. 
Ijtttbern,  tr.   (fyaben),   to  hinder, 

obstruct,  prevent, 
trie  .SpinberniS,  -,  -(ff)e,  (usually 

neuter),   hindrance,   obstacle, 

opposition. 
Jjinburd)',    adv.    and   sep.    pref., 

through,  throughout. 
I)inburct)'Ioufcn    (lauft   fjtnburdj), 

lief    fjinburcfj,     tft    f)inburd)ge= 

laufen,  intr.,  to  run  through. 
f)inburcft/fcf)reiten,  fcfyritt  fytnburcf), 

tft  f)inburc()gef(f)rttten,  intr.,  to 

go  or  walk  through. 
fytnein',  adv.  and  sep.  pref.,  in, 

into. 
fyinctn'treten   (tritt   Ijmein),   trat 

fjtnein,  tft  fjhteingetretett,  intr., 

to  step  in,  enter. 
f)in'fiif)ren,  sep.   tr.    (fyaben),   to 

lead  away  or  to. 
fjin'geben  (gibt  Ijin),  gab  ^in,  fjat 

fjingegeben,  tr.,  to  give  away 

or  to,  surrender  ;   refl.,  to  de- 
vote or  sacrifice  one's  self. 
fjtn'gefjen,     ging    tjtn,    ift    fytn* 

gegnngen,   intr.,   to   go   to   or 

away,  go  along  ;    pass  away, 

die. 
f)tn'gertffen,  part.  adj.  (tjinreifeen), 

carried  forcibly  along. 
fjinfen,  intr.    (tiaben),   to  limp, 

walk  lame. 
fttn'reifeen,  rife  f)tn,  f>at  {jingeriffen, 


tr.,   to   tear   or    carry   away, 

sweep  along. 
l)in'fogcn,    sep.    tr.    (f»aben),    to 

observe,  speak  lightly. 
Ijtn'fe^en,  sep.  refl.   (fyaben),  to 

sit  down, 
fytn'ftrerfen,  sep.  'tr.   (fyaben),  to 

stretch  along,  extend  ;    refl., 

to  stretch  away,  reach, 
flutter,  adj.,  back,  rear,  hinder  ; 

prep.    (dat.    and    ace.),    adv., 

sep.    and   insep.   pref.,    after, 

back,  behind  ;    beyond, 
ber  ^intergrunb,  -(e)g,  "e,  back- 
ground, setting, 
bos    £interf)mi3,  -e3,  "er,   rear 

of  the  house, 
fltn'treten    (tritt   Ijtn),   trat   ft,in, 

tft  Ijtngetreten,   intr.,   to   step 

up,  approach. 
f)ittii'ber,    adv.    and    sep.    pref., 

over,  across. 
l)inu'bergch,en,   gtng   {(tniiber,   ift 

fjiniibergegangen,   intr.,    to   go 

over  or  across. 
ba«    £in=    iinb    ^crste^cn,   -8, 

moving    hither    and    thither, 

roving  about, 
fjtnun'ter,    adv.    and   sep.   pref., 

down,  downwards. 
fttnun'terflctongen,      sep.      intr. 

(fetn),  to  arrive  at,  reach  the 

bottom,  descend, 
fltmm'terletten,  sep.  tr.   (Jjoben), 

to  lead  or  guide  down, 
{jtn'ttionbcln,  sep.  intr.  (fcin),  to 

roam,  stroll,  go  along. 

adv.    and    sep.    pref., 

away,  forth,  off. 


50 


flbren 


309  fyinroeg,  tft 
,  intr.,  to  move, 
remove  ;  travel  ;  tr.  (tjaben), 
draw  away. 

tytn'sie^en,  jog  f)in,  ift  f)ingejogen, 
intr.,  to  move  along,  go  ; 
tr.  (fyaben),  to  draw  towards  ; 
bag  ^>in=unb  ^jerjiefjen,  roving, 
wandering  hither  and  thither. 

fyinju',  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
thither,  towards,  up  (to), 
near. 

Ijinju'etlen,  sep.  intr.  (fein),  to 
hurry  up  or  thither. 

J)itt§u'rreten  (tritt  fu'nju),  trat 
f)in$u,  ift  Ijinjugetreten,  intr., 
to  step  up,  approach,  draw 
near. 

ber  £irt,  -en,  -en,  herdsman, 
shepherd. 

bie  £t£e,  -,  heat. 

ber  £o6ef,  -g,  -,  plane. 

fjod)  (f)ot»er,  f)6a)ft),  adj.  (stem 
f)df)-,  when  declined),  high, 
great,  noble,  tall  ;  adv., 
very,  highly  ;  f)od)fr,  ex- 
treme, supreme  ;  as  noun, 
bag  £6<f)fte,  the  highest. 

l)ocf)f)et'sig,  adj.,  high-hearted, 
lofty-souled,  brave,  plucky. 

l)bd)Itd),  adv.,  =  fjocf),  greatly, 
highly. 

ber  £odjtt)eg,  -(e)g,  -e,  highway, 
causeway. 

docfcn,  intr.,  to  cower,  crouch  ; 
mope. 

ber  $of,  -(e)g,  "e,  court  ; 
yard  ;  estate,  farm. 

fyoffen,  tr.  and  intr.   (fjaben),  to 


hope,     hope     for     (auf     with 

ace.). 
bie    ^offnung,    -,    -en,    hope, 

anticipation,  expectation, 
bag  Jpoflefcen,  -g,  court  life, 
bie  ^»bfltd)feUf  -,  -en,  politeness, 

courtesy, 
bag    ^>of theater,    -g,    -,    court 

theater, 
bag  -©b^cre,  -n,  -n,  (comparative 

of  fyodj),  higher,  nobler  things 

or  aims  ;    ber  $of)ere,  one  of 

higher  rank. 

fjofyl,  adj.,  hollow,  empty. 
fjolen,  tr.   (f)aben),  to  fetch,  go 

and  get  ;    bring. 
do(prtd)t,    adj.,    rough,    rugged, 

uneven, 
bag  $ol§,  -eg,  -e  or  "er,  wood  ; 

grove  ;        bag    frembe    ^ofj, 

mahogany, 
(ibljcrn,  adj.,  wooden,  made  of 

wood, 
ber   Corner',   -g,    proper   name, 

Homer     (c.     900    B.C.),    the 

greatest  poet  of  the  ancient  Greeks. 
ber  ^omcri'be,  -n,  -n,  Homerid, 

a  follower  of  Homer, 
ber   £>ome'ro3,  -,  proper   name, 

Homer. 
f)ord)en,  intr.,  to  listen  to  (dat.), 

harken  ;    (with  auf  and  ace.), 

to  heed,  obey, 
bie   Jporen,    pin.,    proper   name, 

the   Hours,   an  (Esthetic  maga- 
zine published  by  Schiller. 
fjbren,  tr.  and  intr.   (fyaben),  to 

hear  ;      fyoren   auf    (ace.),    to 

listen  to,  heed,  obey. 


51 


irgenb 


ber   ^>orer,    -g,   -,    hearer,    lis- 

tener ;    one  of  an  audience  ; 

student. 

lutbfdt,  adj.,  pretty. 
ber  £uf,  -(e)g,  -e,  hoof. 
ber  £iigel,  -g,  -,  hill. 
bag  4?ul)n,  -(e)8,  "er,    chicken  ; 

fowl. 
bte  ^>uflc,  -,  -n,  wrapper,  cover- 

ing. 

,  -(e)g,  -e,  dog  (hound). 
t,  num.,  hundred. 
ber  Jpitt,  -(e)g,  Ee,  hat. 
(jiitcn,    /r.    (fyaben),    to    guard  ; 

keep  ;    keep  to,  confine  one's 

self  to. 


id),  personal  pron.,  I. 

bag    3  beat',    -(e)g,    -e,    ideal  ; 

model. 

bte  SW^r  -,  -n,  idyl. 
ibtjHifd),   adj.,   idyllic,   bucolic, 

pastoral. 
ifyr,  3fyr,  personal  pron.  (plu.  of 

bu),  ye,  you  ;    possessive  adj. 

of  fie,  <Ste,  her,  its,  their,  your  ; 

bte     3I)ren,     her     friends     or 

companions. 
tf)rig    (ber,    bte,    bag   tfjrtge,    bte 

tfyrtgen),     possessive    adj.     or 

pron.,  hers,  its,  theirs  ;     ber 

3fjrtge,  yours. 
immer,   adv.,   ever,    always  ;  = 

immerfyin,  however  it  may  be, 

in    any    event,    at    best,    at 

least  ;     auf  tmmer,  forever  ; 

nod)    tmmer,    still  ;       tmmer 

toieber,     again     and     again  ; 


toa«  tmmer  ftir,  whatever  ; 
with  a  verb,  to  continue  to, 
keep  on. 

in,  prep.  (dat.  and  ace.},  in, 
into,  at,  to,  within  ;  in 
anbern  leben,  to  live  for  others. 

tnbcm',  adv.  and  conj.,  while, 
meanwhile,  when  ;  at  the 
same  time. 

tnbeS',  inbef'fcn,  adv.,  mean- 
while ;  conj.,  however,  while. 

inbio'mfd),  adj.,  =  tnbtfd)  or 
ofttnbifd),  East  Indian. 

ber  3ttf)alt,  -(e)«,  contents. 

tnncn,  adv.,  within,  inside,  in- 
wardly ;  tnnen  imb  aufeen, 
within  and  without,  inside 
and  out. 

inner,  adj.,  inner,  inside,  in- 
trinsic. 

innerft  (superlative  of  inner), 
adj.,  innermost,  inmost. 

in3  =  in  bag. 

intereffont,  adj.,  interesting. 

bag  3ntereffe,  -3,  -n,  interest. 

intcreffieren,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  in- 
terest ;  refl.,  take  an  in- 
terest in  (filr). 

bte  SP^iflenic,  -g  or  -ng,  proper 
name,  Iphigenia,  heroine  and 
title  of  one  of  Goethe's  best 
dramas. 

irgcnb,  adv.  (often  followed  by 
ein  or  meldjer),  some  (or 
other),  any  ;  at  all,  at  any 
time,  in  any  degree  ;  trgenb 
(et)ttmg,  anything  ;  some- 
thing ;  nur  trgenb,  HI  the 
least. 


irgenbftjo 


52 


3ugenb 


irgcnbroo,  adv.,  somewhere,  any- 
where. 

bie  3m,  -,  -n,  =  3rrtt>eo.e, 
wandering  ;  maze,  wilderness, 
confusion. 

imn,  intr.  and  refl.  (fjaben),  to 
err,  be  mistaken  ;  wander, 
go  astray,  slip. 

ber  3rrtum,  -(e)g,  "er,  error, 
mistake. 

bag  Stalien,  -g,  Italy. 

italicnifcf),  adj.,  Italian  ;  bag 
3talienifdje,  the  Italian  lan- 
guage. 

3 

jfl,  adv.,  stressed,  yes,  indeed, 
surely,  certainly  ;  unstressed, 
as  you  know,  of  course. 

bag  3flf  -g,  yes  ;  promise  (of 
marriage),  acceptance. 

bag  Safor,  -(e)g,  -e,  year. 

ber  3af)r(e)StOfl,  -(e)g,  -e,  anni- 
versary. 

bie  ^afjredjett,  -,  -en,  season. 

bag  3af)rf)Utt'bcrt,  -3,  -e,  cen- 
tury. 

ber  jammer,  -8/  misery, 
wretchedness  ;  laments. 

jammern,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  la- 
ment, mourn,  grieve,  sorrow, 
wail,  moan. 

jommerDoH,  adj.,  pitiable, 
wretched,  miserable. 

bag  Saniort,  -(e)g,  -e,  yes  ;  ac- 
ceptance ;  promise  ;  con- 
sent. 

je,  adv.,  ever,  at  any  time  ; 
nur  Je,  ever,  in  any  degree. 


jeb(-er,  -e,  -eg),  adj.  and  pron., 
each,  every  ;  any  ;  ein 
jeber,  each  one,  every  one, 
everybody  ;  jebeg,  collective, 
all  ;  alteg  unb  jebeg,  each  and 
all,  everything. 

jebod)',  adv.,  however,  yet,  still, 
nevertheless. 

j  eg  lid)  (-er,  -e,  -eg),  adj.  and 
pron.  (less  usual  for  jeber), 
each,  every  ;  everyone, 
either. 

jemate,  adv.,  ever,  at  any  time. 

jcmanb,  pron.,  one,  some  one, 
any  one. 

jcn(-er,  -e,  -eg),  adj.  and  pron., 
that,  that  one,  the  former. 

bag  3ena,  -g,  proper  name,  Jena, 
a  German  city  about  ten 
miles  southeast  of  Weimar. 

jenfettS,  adv.  and  prep.  (gen.\ 
beyond,  on  the  other  side, 
across. 

jefeo,  adv.  (archaic  for  jeijt),  now. 

jebt,  adv.,  now,  nowadays. 

ber  3  of)  aim,  -g,  proper  name, 
John. 

ber  Sofepf),  -g,  proper  name, 
Joseph  ;  Joseph  II  (1764- 
1790),  Holy  Roman  Emperor. 

ber  Soflia,  -g,  proper  name, 
Joshua,  the  leader  of  Israel 
in  the  conquest  of  the  land  of 
Canaan. 

ber  %ubei,  -g,  jubilation,  mirth, 
merrymaking,  rejoicing. 

bie  3uflcnb,  -,  youth,  early  life, 
the    young  ;        toon 
(auf),  from  childhood. 


jung 


53 


fterfcr 


jung  (iiinger,  jungft),  adj., 
young  ;  Don  jung  auf  =  son 
3?ugenb  auf,  from  childhood  ; 
jiingft,  adv.,  recently,  not  long 
ago,  the  other  day. 

ber  Sunge,  -it,  -n,  boy,  lad, 
young  fellow. 

bte     SuttflfrflUr     -/     -en/     girl, 

maiden, 
ber    SwitflKnflr    -«,    -e,    youth, 

young  man,  (youngling). 
jihtgft  (superlative  of  Jung),  adv., 

lately,     recently,     not     long 

ago,  the  other  day. 
ber   3uptter,   -g,    proper   name, 

Jupiter,     the     chief     of     the 

ancient    Roman   gods. 
bte      3"ri3JJruben§',     -,      juris- 
prudence, law. 
ber    3urift',    -en,    -en,    jurist, 

lawyer, 
iurtfttfcft,  adj.,  legal,  juridical. 


ber  Saffee,  -8,  coffee. 

ber  ftafig,  -3,  -e,  cage,  coop. 

ber  £aifer,  -g,  -,  emperor. 

faiferttrf),  adj.,  imperial. 

bie   Safli'ope,    -,    proper    name, 

Calliope,    the    Muse    of   epic 

poetry. 
fait  (falter,   falteft),  adj.,  cold  ; 

unfeeling,  stern, 
bte  hammer,  -,  -n,  chamber  ; 

room  ;  bedroom  ;  storeroom, 
ber    8ampf,   -(e)3,    °e,    battle, 

contest,  struggle, 
ber    KanaP,   -(e)8,    "e,    canal  ; 

aqueduct,  water  conduit. 


ber  fiorl,  -8,  proper  name,  Carl, 

Charles  ;   Karl  August  (1757- 

1828),    Grand  Duke    of  Saxe- 

Weimar,  Goethe's  friend   and 

patron. 
ber    £arr(e)n,    -8,    -,    cart,    a 

vehicle  with  two  wheels, 
ber    Mafpar,    -8,    proper    name, 

Casper, 
ber    Soften,    -S,    -,    chest    (of 

drawers),     box  ;         carriage 

box. 
ber  lattun',  -(e)«,  -e,   cotton, 

calico. 

fottlt'nen,  adj.,  of  cotton,  calico. 
faufett,     tr.     (^aben),     to    buy, 

purchase, 
ber    Saufmantt,    -(e)«,    "er     or 

-leute,  merchant. 
fount,    adv.,    scarcely,    hardly, 

barely  ;       nod)     fount,    with 

difficulty,  just  barely, 
fefyrett,    tr.    (fyaben),    to    turn, 

brush,      sweep  ;  =  auSfefjren, 

to  sweep  clean  ;    intr.  (fetn), 

to  turn. 
fetn    (-er,    -e,    -e3),    adj.    and 

pron.,  no,  no  one,  not  any. 
fetne3ttieg(e)3,  adv.,  not  at  all, 

by  no  means, 
fcnnen,   fannte,  tjat  gefannt,  tr., 

to  know,  be  acquainted  with  ; 

=  erfennen,     to     recognize  ; 

irfj   fenne    mid),    I    know    my 

place, 
ber  tenner,  -«,  -,  expert,  judge, 

connoisseur. 

ber  Sterfer,  -«,  -,  prison,  dun- 
geon. 


fiern 


54 


ftnafter 


her  $ern,  -(e)g,  -e,  kernel, 
heart,  core  ;  gist,  substance  ; 
keynote. 

ber  Seftner,  -g,  proper  name, 
John  Kestner,  a  friend  of 
Goethe's  in  Wetzlar. 

bte  ftette,  -,  -n,  chain. 

fcitrficit,  intr.  (Ijaben),  to  pant, 
puff,  gasp,  breathe  with  diffi- 
culty. 

fidjern,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  titter, 
giggle. 

bag  8inb,  -(e)g,  -er,  child  ; 
boy  ;  girl. 

bag  ftinbcr^cua,  -(e)g,  -e,  baby's 
clothes. 

bte  Mutblidt,  -,  childhood. 

finbtfd),  adj.,  childish,  childlike. 

bag  Sinn,  -(e)g,  -e,  chin. 

bte  ftirrf)C,  -,  -n,  church,  (kirk). 

ber  SHficnitbcrjug,  -(e)g,  "e, 
pillowcase. 

bte  fiifte,  -,  -n,  chest,  box, 
trunk.  . 

f(or,  adj.,  clear,  bright. 

bte  ftlarfjcit,  -,  clearness,  bright- 
ness. 

bte  Piaffe,  -,  -n,  class  ;  rank, 
station. 

ber  filafftfer,  -g,  -,  classical 
author  or  enthusiast. 

flafftfd),  adj.,  classical. 

bag  filatuer',  -g,  -e,  piano. 

bag  Stleib,  -(e)g,  -er,  dress,  gar- 
ment, robe  ;  plu.,  clothes. 

bag  ftlcibtften,  -g,  -,  little  dress 
or  garment. 

flctbcn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  clothe, 
dress. 


fletn,  adj.,  little,  small  ;  = 
fletnliclj,  petty,  trifling,  in- 
significant ;  as  noun,  bte 
Clemen,  those  of  inferior  rank, 
petty  officials ;  bag  $letn|"te,  the 
slightest,  the  smallest  detail. 

Htno.cn,  flang,  fjat  geHungen, 
intr.,  to  sound,  ring  ;  clink 
(of  glasses). 

bte  SItnfe,  -,  -n,  door  latch,  bolt. 

bte  ftlio,  -,  proper  name,  Clio, 
the  Muse  of  history. 

ber  .Ufopftorf,  -g,  proper  name, 
Friedrich  Gottlieb  Klopstock 
(1724-1803),  a  German  poet 
of  great  fame  in  his  day,  a 
pioneer  of  the  classic  age. 

flug  (fliiger,  fliigft),  adj.,  wise, 
prudent,  sensible  ;  as  noun, 
ber  £Iuge,  the  wise  man. 

bte  .U  hi c? licit,  -,  wisdom,  pru- 
dence ;  shrewdness,  diplo- 
macy. 

fliig(trf),  adv.,  wisely,  prudently, 
skillfully. 

ber  Mnabe,  -n,  -n,  boy,  lad. 

fnacfcn,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  crack, 
snap  ;  ben  gufJ  fnacfen,  to 
turn  one's  ankle. 

fnattcn,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  crack, 
report,  pop,  clap. 

fnapp,  adj.,  close,  snug,  trim  ; 
meager,  scant. 

fnarren,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  creak, 
rattle. 

ber  finoftcr,  -g,  -,  =  $nafter= 
tabaf,  fine  smoking  tobacco 
(packed  in  baskets  or  canis- 
ters) ;  brand. 


55 


Stricger 


ber  Stnedjt,  -(e)g,  -e,  servant  ; 

hired  man,  stable  boy. 
bie    Snerf)tfcf)aft,    -,    servitude, 

bondage, 
bag     ftmcfecftcn,     -g,    -,     bow, 

curtsy. 

ber  Snbdjet,  -g,  -,  ankle, 
ber  Slnoten,  -g,  -,  knot  ;    bond, 

entanglement,  difficulty. 
fniipfen,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  tie,  join, 

bind  ;    fasten,  hitch. 
fuctKit,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  cook,  boil, 
ber    Soljl,    -(e)g,    -e,    cabbage, 

cabbage  head, 
ber  ^ofle'ge,  -n,  -n,  colleague, 

associate. 
fontmen,     fam,    ift     gefommen, 

intr.,    to    come,    go,    arrive  ; 

occur, .happen  ;    =  f)eranfom= 

men,  to  approach  ;    as  noun, 

bag  £omtnen,  -g,  coming, 
bie  Slomiibte,  -,  -n,  comedy, 
bie  Sionfeffton,  -,  -en,  confession, 
ber  SliJntg,  -g,  -e,  king. 
fiinnen   (fann),    fonnte,   b,at  ge= 

fonnt,  tr.  and  modal  auxiliary, 

can,  be  able,  may  ;  know  how. 
ber  topf,  -(e)g,  "e,  head, 
bie  ®oral'le,  -,  -n,  coral, 
ber    gorfc,    -(e)«,    %    basket  ; 

refusal       of       a       proposal, 

"  mitten." 
bag     ftorn,    -(e)8,    Eer,    grain  ; 

(corn). 

ber  Sorpcr,  -«,  -,  body. 
t often,   i»/r.    (^aben),   to   cost  ; 

try,  taste, 
bie  Soften,  plu.,  cost(s),  charges, 

expense  (s). 


fuftlid),  adj.,  costly,  precious  ; 
delicious,  choice. 

bie  JJraft,  -,  "e,  power,  force, 
vigor ';  resource  ;  efficacy, 
virtue  ;  flower. 

frttfrig,  adj.,  strong,  vigorous. 

framen,  intr.  ({)aben),  to  rum- 
mage, hunt  for. 

fran!-(franfer,  frSnf(e)ft),  adj., 
sick,  ill  ;  as  noim,  bie  ^ranfe, 
sick  woman. 

fronfen,  intr.  (f»aben),  to  be  or 
grow  ill  ;  as  noun,  bie 
$ranfenbe  =  bie  $ranfe,  sick 
woman,  sufferer,  invalid. 

fronfen,  tr.  (fcaben),  to  hurt, 
injure  ;  vex,  grieve  ;  offend, 
wound. 

frftttfltdj,  adj.,  sickly,  ailing,  in 
poor  health  ;  as  noun,  bie 
^ranflidje,  the  sick  woman. 

ber  Srans,  -eg,  Ee,  wreath,  gar- 
land, chaplet. 

franaen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  crown, 
put  a  wreath  on. 

frafeen,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  scratch. 

bie  kraufc,  -,  -n,  frill,  ruffle. 

fraufeln,  tr.  (^aben),  to  curl, 
crimp. 

bag  ftraut,  -(e)g,  tter,  herb, 
plant. 

ber  tretS,  -eg,  -e,  circle,  cir- 
cuit ;  company,  circle  (of 
friends). 

ber  £rieg,  -(e)g,  -e,  war. 

frieflcn,  tr.  (f)aben),  colloquial  for 
befomtnen,  to  get,  obtain. 

ber  trtegcr,  -«,  -,  warrior, 
soldier. 


fricgertirf) 


56 


liiitMirti 


frtegertfd),  adj.,  warlike,  martial, 

military, 
bag  flrieg^'bepartcmenf,  -3,  -«, 

(French     pron.      marj),     war 

department, 
ber  flrieg3f)elb,  -en,  -en,  hero, 

great  warrior, 
bag  ftrieg3Hcb,  -(e)g,  -er,  war 

song. 

ber  ftrtrtfcr,  -g,  -,  critic, 
frtrtfd),  adj.,  critical, 
fronen,  lr.  (fyaben),  to  crown, 
bie  ttrimung,  -,  -en,  coronation, 

crowning, 
ber  fltug,  -(e)g,  "e,  pitcher,  jar, 

jug,  crock. 

bie  ftriimmung,  -,  -en,  curve,  bend, 
bie  ftiicfic,  -,  -n,  kitchen, 
bie  ttugcl,  -,  -n,  ball,   sphere, 

bullet. 

fiifjl,  adj.,  cool, 
bie   ftiidhing,   -,   -en,   coolness, 

freshness. 

fiifyn,   adj.,   bold,   daring,   cour- 
ageous, 
bie  ftii(jnf|cit,  -,  -en,  boldness, 

daring  ;  nut  $uh,nf)eit,  boldly. 
fiUinlid),  adv.  =   fiifjn,  boldly, 
ber  Summer,  -g,  -,  care,  trouble, 

sorrow,  burden  ;   fear  of  loss. 
fiimmern,  reft.  (f)aben),  to  care 

for    or    about    (um),    trouble 

one's  self. 
funfttg,    adj.,    future  ;        adv., 

henceforth,    in    the    future, 

hereafter. 

bie  flunft,  -,  «e,  art. 
bie    .Qunftofobcmie,    -,    -n,    art 

school. 


fiinftUd),  adj.,  artistic,  skillful, 
elaborate  ;  artificial. 

bag  ftunftfriirf,  -(e)«,  -e,  artifice, 
clever  trick,  sleight  of  hand. 

bag  Sunftttjcrf,  -(e)8,  -e,  work  of 
art. 

furj  (ftirjer,  filrjeft),  adj.,  brief, 
short,  curt  ;  recent  ;  in 
furgen  lagen  =  in  furjer  ,3eit, 
in  a  few  days,  in  a  short 
time. 

ber  ftuf?,  -(ff)e«,  «(ff)e,  kiss. 

fiiffcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  kiss. 

bag  Mtfdjdjen,  -g,  -,  dim., 
little  carriage,  pretty  carriage. 

bie  Mutfdic,  -,  -n,  coach,  car- 
riage. 

ber  flutter,  -«,  -,  coachman, 
driver. 


taOcn,  tr.  ({»aben),  to  refresh. 

iatftcln,  intr.  (f>aben),  to  smile. 

fatten,  intr.  (^aben),  to  laugh  ; 
gleam,  shine. 

laben,  lub  ^at  gelaben,  tr.,  to 
load  ;  geloben,  loaded  or  piled 
high. 

bag  2onb,  -(e)«,  *er,  land,  coun- 
try ;  (plu.,  ?anbe),  district, 
state. 

bag  llanbau,  -g,  proper  name, 
Landau,  a  city  in  the  Ba- 
varian Palatinate  ;  a  car- 
riage. 

fanben,  intr.  (fein),  to  land,  go  on 
shore. 

lanbltd),  adj.,  rural,  of  the  land 
or  country. 


Sanbmann 


57 


2eh,re 


ber  Sanbmann,  -(e)g,  aer  or 
-leute,  peasant,  farmer,  coun- 
tryman. 

bte  2anbfd)aft,  -,  -en,  landscape, 
district,  countryside. 

fang  (longer,  la'ngft),  adj.,  long. 

lang(e),  adv.,  long,  for  a  long 
time  ;  '  fange  fdjon  Ijer,  = 
fdjon  lange  f»er,  long  ago. 

longerfcfjnt,  part,  adj.,  long 
desired  or  longed  for. 

(angfam,  adj.,  slow. 

bag  Sappdjen,  -g,  -,  dim.  of 
contempt,  little  rag,  light 
summer  coat. 

faff  en  (la  fit),  Itefe,  fjat  gelaffen,  tr., 
to  let,  permit,  allow  ;  =  t>er= 
laffen,  to  abandon,  forsake, 
leave  ;  order,  have  done  ; 
intr.,  to  cease,  desist  (from). 

bte  Soft,  -,  -en,  load,  weight, 
burden. 

laften,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  burden, 
press  down,  weigh  upon  ;  tr., 
to  load  ;  laftenb,  heavy, 
burdensome  ;  loaded. 

Ififrig,  adj.,  annoying,  disagree- 
able, burdensome. 

latctnifrf),  adj.,  Latin  ;  as  noun, 
bag  Sateimfdje,  the  Latin  lan- 
guage. 

bag  Sathtm,  -g,  proper  name, 
Latium,  the  territory  around 
ancient  Rome;  Italy. 

bte  Sattc,  -,  -n,  lath  ;  plu., 
lattice. 

ber  Safe,  -eg,  "e,  waist,  bodice. 

bag  2aub,  -(e)3,  foliage,  leaf- 
age. 


bte  2aube,  -,  -n,  bower,  arbor, 

summerhouse. 
ber  2aubgang,  -(e)g,  *e,  trellised 

walk,  arbor, 
louern,   intr.    (f)aben),    to   lurk, 

lie  in  wait  for,  listen. 
laufen   (Ittuft),  lief,  ift  gelaufen, 

intr.,  to  run,  hurry,  hasten. 
bte  Saitne,  -,  -n,  mood,  humor  ; 

high    spirits,    good    humor  ; 

whim,    caprice  ;       bte    ?aune 

beg  SBerltebten,  one  of  Goethe's 

earliest  dramas. 
taut,   adj.,  loud  ;     adv.,   aloud, 

outright  ;     lout  auffadjen,   to 

burst  out  laughing. 
leben,    intr.    (fjaben),    to    live, 

exist  ;  =  tterleben,    to    spend, 

pass  ;   Ieb(e)t  roof)!,  farewell, 
bag  Seben,  -g,  -,  life. 
Jeben'btg,  adj.,  living  ;    earthly, 

during    one's    life  ;        fresh, 

vigorous  ;  active. 
(cblmft,     adj.,     lively,     active, 

animated,  vigorous,  spirited  ; 

adv.,     brusquely,     when    ex- 
cited ;    strongly,  sharply. 
lebern,  adj.,  leathern,  of  leather, 
lebig,   adj.,   free  ;      unmarried, 

single  ;    hn  lebigen  ©tanbe,  a 

bachelor. 

leer,  adj.,  empty  ;  vain,  idle, 
legen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  lay,  put,  place, 
bte  Segcnbe,  -,  -n,  legend, 
(eljnen,  tr.  and  intr.  (fyaben),  to 

lean  ;    geleb,n(e)t,  open,  ajar; 

leaning, 
bte   2eb,re,    -,    -n,    instruction, 

teaching,  lesson,  precept. 


fefiren 


58 


i'tebe 


lefjrcn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  teach  ; 
fennen  lefyren,  to  make  ac- 
quainted with. 

ber  Scorer,  -9,  -,  teacher  ; 
?eh,rer  fatten,  to  employ 
private  teachers. 

bag  2el)rjaf)rf  -(e)g,  -e,  year  of 
apprenticeship  ;  SBtlfyelm 

9Mfterg  ?ef)rjah,re,  one  of 
Goethe's  novels. 

ber  Seife,  -(e)g,  -er,  body,  waist. 

ld<f)t,  adj.,  light,  slight,  easy  ; 
vain,  superficial,  false  ;  am 
letcfyteften,  most  easily,  easiest. 

Ieid}t6,in'sicf)enb,  adj.,  light-mov- 
ing, easy  running. 

leidjtttdj,  adv.,  lightly,  easily. 

ber  Seidjtftnn,  -(e)g,  frivolity, 
thoughtlessness  ;  light- 

heartedness,  buoyancy. 

letbcn,  Hit,  fyat  gelitten,  tr.  and 
intr.,  to  suffer  ;  =  augfjalten, 
to  endure  ;  as  noun,  bag 
Seiben,  -g,  sorrow,  trouble  ; 
suffering,  disease. 

leibenfrfiaftltd),  adj.,  vehement, 
excited,  passionate. 

Ictber,  interj.,  alas  ;  adv.,  un- 
fortunately, I  am  sorry  to 
say. 

Ictblttf),  adj.,  tolerable,  passable, 
indifferent  ;  as  noun,  bag 
?eibltd)e,  what  can  be  en- 
dured. 

letnen,  adj.,  of  linen,  linen. 

bag  Seinen,  -g,  -,  linen. 

bag  I'chUucf),  -(e)g,  "er,  linen 
cloth,  linen  ;  sheet. 

bie  Scimoanb,  -,  linen. 


bag  Seipjig,  -g,  proper  name, 
Leipzig,  an  important  city  in 
Saxony.  It  has  a  famous 
university. 

Ietf(c),  adj.,  soft,  light,  gentle. 

(eiften,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  render, 
perform,  do. 

leiten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  lead,  guide, 
direct,  manage. 

Icnfcn,  tr.  (f)aben),  to  turn, 
guide,  drive. 

(crnen,  tr.  (b,aben),  to  learn  ; 
augftenbig  lernen,  to  learn  by 
heart  ;  as  noun,  bag  ?ernen, 
-g,  learning. 

Icfen  (lieft),  lag,  {>at  gelefcn,  tr.,  to 
pick,  gather  ;  read  ;  as  noun, 
bag  ?efen,  -g,  reading  ;  pick- 
ing. 

lefecn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  refresh. 

icbt  (-«r,  -e,  -eg),  adj.,  last, 
least,  least  important,  lowest ; 
as  noun,  bag  ?eljte,  the  least, 
remnant  ;  the  highest,  the 
supreme  ;  the  ultimate  goal, 
extremes. 

Icbtenmal,  adv.  (with  jum),  for 
the  last  time. 

(curf)ien,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  shine, 
sparkle,  gleam. 

Icugncn,  tr.  (fjoben),  to  deny, 
refute. 

bie  Scute,  plu.,  people,  men. 

bag  2i(ftt,  -(c)g,  -er,  light  ;  plu., 
bright  spots  ;  flashes,  gleams. 

lie&,  adj.  (dat.),  dear  (to),  be- 
loved ;  ntein  Stebfteg,  my 
dearest  duty  or  wish. 

bie  Siebe,  -,  -n,  love,  affection. 


liclu-u 


59 


2uft 


licbcn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  love  ;  as 
noun,  ber,  bie  ®eltebte,  beloved 
one,  sweetheart,  lover. 

Heber,  adv.  (comparative  o/gern), 
sooner,  rather,  in  preference 
to. 

iteliltri),  adj.,  lovely,  delightful, 
pleasant,  charming,  dear, 
sweet. 

ber  2iebling,  -3,  -e,  favorite, 
pet,  darling. 

ba3  2iebltng3fluclscug,  -(e)8,  -e, 
favorite  plaything. 

licl)(u£,  adj.,  heartless,  unkind, 
loveless. 

ba6  2teb,  -(e)8,  -er,  song,  lay. 

bag  2tebd)ctt,  -4,  -,  dim.,  little 
song,  lay  ;  contemptuously, 
those  ditties  of  theirs. 

Hegen,  lag,  f)at  gelegen,  intr.,  to 
lie,  be,  be  situated. 

bag  2ie3rf)eit,  -8,  proper  name 
(dim.  of  Elizabeth),  Lizzie, 
Liza. 

bte  2Uie,  -,  -n,  lily. 

bie  2inbe,  -,  -n,  linden  tree. 

Iinf3,  adv.,  left,  to  the  left. 

bag  Stnncn,  -8,  -,  =  ?etnen, 
linen. 

bte  Stype,  -,  -n,  lip. 

lifrig,  adj.,  sly,  cunning,  crafty. 

Htera'rifrf),  adj.,  literary. 

bie  Sttcratvir',  -,  -en,  literature. 

ba8  Soft,  -(c)8,  praise,  com- 
mendation. 

tofeen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  praise. 

Ibbliri),  adj.,  laudable,  praise- 
worthy, commendable. 

bte  2orfe,  -,  -n,  locks,  hair. 


(odfcn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  attract, 
entice,  lure,  tempt. 

bag  2orbeemt3,  -(e)8,  -er,  laurel 
twig  or  wreath. 

lo$,  predicate  adj.,  adv.,  and 
sep.  accented  pref.,  loose,  free 
from  ;  Io8  foerben,  to  get  rid  of. 

Io3'binben,  banb  Io8,  Ijat  Io8= 
gebunben,  tr.,  to  loosen,  untie, 
set  free. 

tijfen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  loosen, 
unbind,  untie  ;  untangle, 
solve  ;  dispel  ;  refl.,  to  cut 
loose,  free  one's  self,  escape. 

103'gebllJtben,  part.  adj.  (Io8= 
btnben),  freed,  let  loose,  loos- 
ened. 

loS'laffen  (Itt&t  Io8),  lie 6  Io8,  f»at 
Io8gelaffen,  tr.  to  let  go,  re- 
lease. 

loS'tofen,  sep.  tr.  and  refl. 
(Ijaben),  to  set  free,  loosen, 
detach  ;  separate,  free  one's 
self,  escape. 

lo^'toerbcn  (ttnrb  Io8),  hsarb  or 
ttmrbe  Io8,  ift  Io8gemorben,  intr. 
(ace.),  to  get  rid  of,  free 
one's  self. 

ber  2ottie,  -n,  -n,  lion. 

bie  2urfe,  -,  -n,  gap,  hole. 

bie  2uftr  -,  "e,  air,  breeze  ; 
draft. 

bie  2uifc,  -8  or  -n8,  proper 
name,  Louise,  title  and  heroine 
of  J.  H.  Voss's  idyllic  poem. 

lumptg,  adj.,  ragged. 

bie  2uft,  -,  "e,  pleasure,  joy, 
desire,  longing  ;  mit  Suft, 
joyfully. 


Sitftort 


60 


ber  Suftort,  -(e)g,  °er  or  -e, 
recreation  or  pleasure  re- 
sort. 

bie  Sqrif,  -,  -en,  lyric,  lyric 
poetry. 

ber  Styrifer,  -«,  -,  lyric  poet. 

Inrtfd),  adj.,  lyric(al). 


madien,    tr.    (fjaben),    to    make, 

form,  produce,  create  ;    with 

gu,  to  transform,  turn  into. 
bie  aJJod|t,  -,  "e,  might,   power, 

force. 
madittci,  adj.,  mighty,  powerful, 

ponderous,  vast,  tall  ;     rich, 

abundant,  luxuriant. 
bag  SDlabrfjen,  -3,  -,  girl,  maiden. 
bie   SNogb,  -,   "e,    maid,    maid- 

servant. 
bag  SRafjf,  -(e)g,  -e  or  «er,  meal, 

repast,  lunch. 
bag   SRaUteb,   -(e)8,   -er,    May 

song. 
ber  XUatn,  -8,  proper  name,  the 

Main  River,  a  branch  of  the 

Rhine. 
bie    ajiainbrutfe,    -,    -n,    bridge 

over  the  Main  River. 
bag  9Mal,  -(e)g,  -e,  time. 
malen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  paint. 
ber  SWalcr,  -«,  -,  artist,  painter. 
bie  SRalerei',  -,  -en,  painting, 

picture. 
man,      indefinite      indeclinable 

pron.,  one,  they,  you,  people  ; 

with  a  transitive  verb,  often  a 

substitute  for  the  passive. 


mand>(-er,  -e,  -e8),  adj.  and 
pron.,  many,  many  kinds  of, 
many  a  ;  mondjeS,  many 
things  ;  gar  mandjeS,  many  a 
thing. 

mandjerlci',  indeclinable  adj.  and 
pron.,  all  sorts,  many  kinds, 
different,  various  (things). 

ber  SRonn,  -(e)8,  "er,  man, 
husband  ;  manhood. 

bag  8)Janne0gefuf)lf  -«,  -e,  manly 
feeling. 

bae  9)Jannf)etm,  -9>,  proper  name, 
Mannheim,  a  German  city  on 
the  Neckar,  at  the  juncture  of 
the  Rhine. 

mannigfalttfl,  adj.,  manifold, 
varied. 

mannlid),  adj.,  manly,  cour- 
ageous ;  masculine,  male  ; 
adv.,  like  a  man. 

ber  Sttarft,  -(e)«,  "e,  market, 
public  square  ;  yearly  fair. 

ber  SKorfrf),  -eg,  "e,  march. 

ber  Partial,  -3,  proper  name, 
Marcus  Valerius  Martialis 
(c.  40-102  A.D.),  a  Latin 
epigrammatic  poet. 

ber  aJJortin,  -g,  proper  name, 
Martin. 

ber  SRfirs,  -e«,  March. 

bie  SWaSfe,  -,  -n,  mask,  sham. 

bie  SRafie,  -,  -n,  mass,  crowd. 

mh'fng,  adj.,  moderate. 

mott,  adj.,  faint,  weak. 

bie  9JJouer,  -,  -n,  wall  (around  a 
town). 

bag  SOiouerdjcn,  -g,  -,  dim.,  low 
wall. 


61 


SHitgift 


bag  9)}eer,  -(e)g,  -e,  sea,  ocean. 

tnefyr  (comparative  of  btel),  arf;'. 
and  adv.,  more,  longer  ;  ntd)t 
mefyr,  no  more,  no  longer  ; 
urn  fo  mefyr,  so  much  the 
more  ;  nod)  mefyr,  still  more. 

mefirett,  tr.  and  refl.  (fjaben),  to 
increase,  multiply. 

mef)me,  adj.  plu.,  several. 

mein,  possessive  adj.  and  pron., 
my,  mine  ;  as  noun,  bit 
Sfteinen,  my  friends  or  rela- 
tives ;  bag  3DZeitie,  my  own, 
my  property. 

metnig  (ber,  bie,  bag  metntge), 
pronominal  adj.,  mine,  my 
own. 

meift  (superlative  of  bid),  adj., 
most  ;  adv.,  am  tneiften,  most, 
especially  ;  as  noun,  bie 
SDMften,  most  of  them. 

ber  ajJeifter,  -g,  -,  master,  master 
workman  ;  proper  name, 
9BtIf)eIm  2)?eifter,  the  title  and 
hero  of  one  of  Goethe's  novels. 

bag  SRetftcrroerf,  -(e)g,  -e,  mas- 
terpiece, work  of  art. 

bie  SDMpo'mcne,  -,  proper  name, 
Melpomene,  the  Muse  of 
tragedy. 

bie  SJtenge,  -,  -n,  crowd,  multi- 
tude, host,  herd. 

ber  9)Jenfcf),  -en,  -en,  man,  man- 
kind ;  human  being  ;  bie 
Sftenfdjen,  people. 

ber  anenfdjenfofin,  -(e)«,  "e, 
human  being. 

menfd)Hd),  adj.,  human,  hu- 
mane ;  tender-hearted. 


merfett,  tr.,  to  mark,  notice, 
perceive  ;  merfen  laffen,  to 
show,  betray  ;  refl.  (dat.),  to 
observe,  note,  bear  in  mind, 
take  to  heart. 

ber  2J?effta3,  -,  proper  name,  the 
Messiah,  a  religious  epic  by 
Klopstock. 

bie  STteteorologie',  -,  meteor- 
ology. 

metrtfd),  adj.,  metrical. 

ber  9JJtd)aeI,  -g,  proper  name, 
Michael,  the  archangel 
Michael. 

bog  ajJteber,  -g,  -,  bodice,  vest, 
a  close-fitting  sleeveless  jacket. 

bie  aJltette,  -,  -n,  mien,  manner  ; 
expression,  looks,  coun- 
tenance. 

ntilb(c),  adj.,  kind,  mild,  gentle, 
indulgent,  generous. 

bie  2)lUbe,  -,  mildness  ;  charity, 
generosity. 

bag  2)Hnctyenr  -g,  proper  name 
(dim.  of  SBilfjelmtne),  Minnie, 
Minna. 

ber  SRtntftcr,  -g,  -,  minister, 
secretary  of  state,  premier. 

bie  SDHmt'te,  -,  -n,  minute. 

mtf(f)en,  tr.  and  refl.  (fjaben),  to 
mix,  mingle. 

miffett,  tr.  ({jaben),  to  miss,  lose, 
do  without. 

tnit,  prep,  (dat.),  adv.,  and  sep. 
pref.,  with,  at,  by,  together 
with  ;  adv.,  at  the  same 
time,  together  with. 

bie  SJJttgtft,  -,  -en,  dowry,  mar- 
riage portion. 


62 


bag  9)JitflUcb,  -(e)g,  -er,  member, 
bag  Witlcib,  -(e)g,  sympathy. 
mttfd)ulbig,  ad!;.,  accessory  (to  a 

crime),   equally   guilty  ;      as 

noun,   £)ie   9ftitfd)ulbigen,    the 

title  of  one  of  Goethe's  earliest 

dramas. 
mitfefyen  (fiefjt  mit),  faf)  nut,  fjat 

mitgefefjen,    lr.,    to    look    on 

with  others, 
ber  SDHttag,  -(e)«,  -e,   midday, 

noon  ;     the  east  ;     mittagg, 

adv.,  at  noon, 
bie  2Kitre,  -,  middle. 
tnittel    (nuttier,    mittelft),    adj., 

middle,  medium,  central, 
bag   Wlitttl,  -g,  -,    means,   ex- 
pedients ;        fid)    ing    9)?ittel 

fdjlogen,    to    intervene,    come 

to  the  rescue. 
ba«  amttefalter,  -g,  -,   Middle 

Ages, 
bie  ajHttelftrafee,  -,  -n,  the  middle 

course,  moderation, 
mitten,     adv.,    in    the     midst  ; 

mitten   burdf),    right    through, 

through  the  middle, 
mittler   (comparative  of  mittel), 

adj.,  middle,  central, 
mbcfjte    (preterit    subjunctive    of 

mogen),  I  should  like, 
bte  SRobe,  -,  -n,  mode,  fashion, 

style. 
mobcrn',   adj.,   modern,   of   the 

present  day,  fashionable. 
mobifcf),    adj.,    modish,    stylish, 

fashionable. 

mbflcn    (mag),   modjte,    fjat    ge= 
t,  lr.  and  modal  auxiliary, 


may,  can,  be  able,  like, 
desire  ;  id)  mod)te,  I  should 
like. 

miigltd),  adj.,  possible. 

ber  SJJoment',  -(e)g,  -e,  moment, 
instant. 

ber  SDtonat,  -(e)g,  -e,  month. 

ber  2Wonb,  -(e)g,  -c  or  -en, 
moon  ;  =  2ttonat,  month. 

ber  sDiontag,  -(e)g,  -c,  Monday. 

bie  SlJontur',  -,  -en,  uniform. 

morgcn,  adv.,  to-morrow. 

ber  SRorgen,  -g,  -,  morning  ; 
the  east  ;  beg  SDJorgeng, 
morgeng,  adv.,  in  the  morning. 

morgcnb,  adj.,  of  the  morning  ; 
to-morrow's. 

ber  Sftorgenbitft,  -(e)g,  "c,  morn- 
ing fragrance  or  perfume. 

morgcn^,  adv.,  in  the  morning, 
morning. 

morgenfdjim,  adj.,  pretty  as  the 
morning. 

bte  9Rorpf)ol0gie',  -,  morphology. 

ber  9)iofe3,  -,  proper  name, 
Moses,  the  deliverer  of  Israel 
from  Egyptian  bondage,  re- 
cipient of  the  Lau',  and  author 
of  the  Pentateuch,  according 
to  Hebrew  tradition. 

ber  SDJoft,  -(e)g,  -e,  grape  juice, 
new  wine,  must. 

miibc,  adj.,  tired,  weary. 

bte  9Jliif)e,  -,  -n,  trouble,  care, 
pains. 

bte  aniWe,  -,  -n,  mill. 

miifn'dig,  adv.,  laboriously,  pain- 
fully. 

ber  ajlimb,  -(e)g,  -e,  mouth,  lips. 


SOJiinfter 


63 


bag  9)}iinfter,  -«,  -,  cathedral, 
minster. 

tnunter,  adj.,  gay,  cheerful, 
joking,  merry,  awake,  lively. 

mitrrifrf),  adj.,  peevish,  grum- 
bling ;  morose,  surly,  moody. 

bte  SRuf4e(r  -,  -n,  shell, 
(muscle). 

bte  SJlufc,  -,  -n,  Muse(s),  in 
Greek  mythology,  the  inspirers 
of  song  and  music. 

ber  2)}u3fatcl'lcr,-3,  -,  muscatel 
grape. 

miiffen  (mufj),  mufete,  fjat  gemufet, 
intr.  and  modal  auxiliary, 
must,  have  to,  be  obliged  to. 

ber  SOHtfeiggang,  -(e)«,  laziness, 
idleness. 

ba«  SRufter,  -3,  -,  pattern, 
model,  example. 

ber  SDiut,  -(e)8,  courage,  spirit  ; 
mtt  gletdjem  9ftute,  calmly, 
with  equanimity,  serenity, 
resignation  ;  ju  9J?ute  fein, 
to  feel,  be  in  the  mood. 

mutig,  adj.,  courageous,  spirited. 

bie  Sfluttcr,  -,  ",  mother. 

bad  9Jlittterd)en,  -3,  -,  dim., 
little  mother,  mother  dear. 

bie  SHiifec,  -,  -n,  cap,  house  cap, 
night  cap. 

bie  2Ni)rte,  -,  -n,  myrtle. 

5H 

nod),  prep,  (dot.),  adv.,  and  sep. 
accented  pref.,  to,  towards  ; 
behind,  after  ;  according 
to  ;  by,  at,  in,  for,  about  ; 
nadj  §aufe,  home. 


ber  9lad)bar,  -8  or  -n,  -n, 
neighbor. 

bie  SRatfybarfcfiaft,  -,  -en,  neigh- 
borhood, vicinity. 

nadjbcm',  adv.  and  conj.,  after, 
after  that  ;  since,  according 
as. 

nadi'brtngcn,  brang  nad^,  ift  nad)= 
gebrungen,  intr.  (dot.),  to 
press  or  crowd  after. 

ber  9JoeJ)brurf,  -(e)«,  "e,  em- 
phasis, force,  energy  ;  mtt 
9ia(^bruef,  emphatically. 

nadj'eifen,  sep.  intr.  (daL)  (fetn), 
to  hurry  after. 

naA'fo^ren  (fafjrt  nacf)),  fufjr  nac^, 
ift  nacfigefaljreri,  intr.,  to  drive 
after. 

nodf'fragen,  sep.  intr.  (dat.) 
(fjaben),  to  ask  for,  inquire 
about. 

tmcfy'geden  (gtbt  natf)),  gab  na<f), 
bat  nad&gegeben,  intr.,  to  yield 
to,  give  way  to. 

nacb/groben  (grabt  nac^),  grub 
nad^,  {>at  nadjgegraben,  inlr. 
(dat.),  to  dig  for  or  after. 

ber  9Zarf)fommc,  -n,  -n,  de- 
scendant ;  plu.,  future  gen- 
eration. 

nadj'fommen,  font  nacb,,  ift  nacb,= 
gefomtnen,  intr.  (dat.),  to 
follow,  come  after. 

natb/loffen  (Ittfet  nac^),  Hefe  nacf), 
f)at  nac^gelaffen,  tr.,  to  leave 
behind. 

mu&.nuttag3,  adv.,  afternoon. 

bte  91o<f)rid)t,  -,  -en,  news,  tid- 
ings, report,  information. 


nadjrufen 


64 


nebenfjer 


nad)'nifen,  rtef  nacf),  fjat  nadj= 
gerufen,  tr.,  to  call  after. 

Me  sJfad)ftd)t,  -,  indulgence,  for- 
bearance. 

nacf)  ft  (superlative  of  not)),  adv., 
next,  nearest  ;  first,  most 
immediate  ;  as  noun,  ber 
^cidjfte,  neighbor,  fellow-man. 

nti(f)ften3,  adv.,  soon,  shortly, 
before  long,  presently. 

nadj'ftre&en,  sep.  intr.  (dat.} 
(fjaben),  to  strive  for,  aspire 
to  ;  emulate. 

Me  9Jod)t,  -,  "e,  night. 

ber  9iad)Hfrfj,  -eg,  -e,  dessert. 

ntirfUHd),  odf/.,  nightly,  by  night, 
of  the  night,  nocturnal. 

nad)t$,  adv.,  at  night. 

nacty'tun,  tat  naif),  fjat  nadjgetan, 
/r.  and  intr.  (dat.}  (fyaben),  to 
imitate,  emulate,  vie  with  ; 
copy. 

bte  Sfjad}tt)ctfiing,  -,  -en,  refer- 
ence, direction,  "  informa- 
tion. 

ber  9Zarfen,  -3,  -,  neck,  nape  of 
the  neck. 

natfcnb,  part.  adj.  (archaic  for 
nacft),  naked,  half-clad. 

narft,  adj.,  naked,  bare,  un- 
covered, half-clad  ;  as  noun, 
bte  9tarften,  the  half-clad. 

bte  Slofccl,  -,  -n,  needle,  hair- 
pin. 

naft(e)  (nttfjer,  nScfjft),  adj.,  nigh, 
near,  near  by,  close  ;  nafier, 
near  (to),  approaching  ;  adv., 
by  a  shorter  road,  more 
directly,  nearer  ;  niidjft,  most 


immediate  ;       as    noun,    ber 

Sftftcfjfte,  neighbor,  fellow  man. 
nalicn,     intr.     and     refl.     (dat.) 

(fjaben),    to    approach,    draw 

or  come  near, 
nofjern,   refl.    (dat.)    (fyaben),   to 

approach,  draw  near  to. 
nafircn,    tr.    (ftaben),    to    feed, 

nourish  ;       support,    foster  ; 

nftfjrenb,  fertile, 
bie    92a6,rung,    -,    -en,     food, 

nourishment. 

ber  9Jame(n),  -n8,  -n,  name. 
ber  9?apoleon,  -3,  proper  name, 

Napoleon   Bonaparte    (176&- 

1821),  Emperor  of  the  French, 

1804-1814  ;          dictator       of 

Europe,  1807-1814. 
bie  9tafe,  -,  -n,  nose. 
Me  Station',  -,  -en  (pron.  t  = 

t§),  nation, 
bte    Dlatur',    -,    -en,    nature  ; 

temperament. 

ber  9iatur'forft^cr,  -3,  -,  natural- 
ist. 

natiirHd),  adj.,  natural,  genuine, 
bte    9Jatur'rotffcnf(^aft,    -,    -tn, 

natural  science. 
ncben,  prep.  (dat.  and  ace.),  by, 

near,  beside,  by  the  side  of, 

along  with, 
ne&enbei'  or  ne'benbei,  adv.,  close 

by,    along    with  ;      besides  ; 

by  the  way,  incidentally. 
nebeneinan'ber,    adv.,    side    by 

side,  together. 
nebenfier',    adv.,   along,    beside, 

by  the  side  of  ;   incidentally, 

besides. 


ltd)  men 


65 


ncfjmen  (nunntt),  nafym,  f)at  ge= 
nontmen,  tr.,  to  receive,  take 
from  (dat.),  take  ;  deprive 
of  ;  bag  SBort  nefjmen,  to  be- 
gin to  speak,  interrupt  ; 
Cartel  nefjmen,  to  take  sides. 

neigen,  tr.,  intr.,  and  refl.  (fyaben), 
to  bow,  incline,  bend,  curtsy  ; 
e§  neigt  fid)  ber  lag,  the  sun  is 
sinking,  the  day  is  waning  ; 
genetgt,  inclined,  disposed. 

bie  SReigung,  -,  -en,  liking, 
affection,  inclination. 

ncin,  adv.,  no. 

ba3  9Jettt,  -3,  no,  refusal. 

nennen,  nannte,  f>at  genannt,  tr., 
to  name,  call. 

nefeen,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  moisten, 
wet. 

ncu,  adj.,  new  ;  =  erneuerte,  re- 
paired, renovated  ;  aufS 
neue,  anew,  again  ;  as  noun, 
bag  SReue,  what  is  new, 
novelty. 

neueroffnet,  part,  adj.,  newly 
opened. 

neitgeboren,  part,  adj.,  new-born. 

neugepffcmst,  part,  adj.,  newly 
planted. 

bie  9Jeu'gier(be),  -,  curiosity, 
inquisitiveness. 

neuHd),  adv.,  recently,  lately  ; 
nod)  neulid),  just  the  other 
day,  again. 

neunt  (-er,  -e,  -e3),  num.  adj., 
ninth. 

ntrf)t,  adv.,  not;  mcf)t  maf)r?  is 
it  not  so?  nid^t  mefjr,  no 
more,  no  longer. 


ntdjte,  indeclinable  pron.,  noth- 
ing, 
ntrfen,    intr.    (fyaben),    to    nod  ; 

nicfenb,  nodding,  waving. 
ttic,  adv.,  never, 
nie'ber,     adv.    and    sep.    pref., 

down,  downwards,  low. 
nie'berfiifiren,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to 

lead  down, 
nte'berfiauen,     fjteb     nieber,     l^ot 

rttebergefyauen,  tr.,  to  strike  or 

cut  down. 
nte'bcrfmen,  sep.  intr.  (fein)  and 

refl.  (f»aben),  to  kneel  down, 
nie'bertaffen    (Iftfet    nieber),    Iiefj 

nieber,  fiat  niebergetaffen,  refl., 

to     settle,     establish     one's 

self, 
nie'berliegcn,  lag  nieber,  tft  nieber= 

gelegen,  intr.,  to  lie  down  ;  be 

prostrate,  lie  in  ruins, 
nie'bemtften,  rife  nieber,  b,at  nieber = 

gertffen,  tr.,  to  tear  down. 
me'berfctyreiben,  fd>rteb  nieber,  f»at 

niebergefcfirteben,  tr.,   to   write 

down, 
nie'ber fe^en,  tr.   (fjaben),  to  set 

or  put  down  ;      refl.,   to  sit 

down, 
me'bertoanbdn,   intr.    (fein),   to 

go  or  wander  down, 
nie'brig,  adj.,  low,  common  ;   as 

noun,  baS  9iiebrifle,  the  com- 
mon, low. 

niemalS,  adv.,  never, 
niemanb,  -(e)«,  (rarely  dat.  -em, 

ace.   -en),    nobody,    no    one, 

none. 
nirgenbS,  adv.,  nowhere. 


nod) 


66 


nod),  adv.,  still,  yet,  as  yet  ; 
again,  besides,  more  ;  one 
more  ;  nod)  e6/,  even  before  ; 
nod)  etnmal,  einmal  nod),  once 
more,  again  ;  nod)  jeijt,  to 
this  day  ;  nod)  gemig,  quite 
enough  ;  nod)  nidjt,  not  yet  ; 
nod)  Faum,  barely,  scarcely  ; 
conj.,  nor. 

bie  9tot,  -,  "e,  need,  distress, 
misery. 

bte  9?otburft,  -,  want,  necessity, 
distress. 

nottg,  adj.,  necessary. 

nbttgen,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  compel, 
oblige,  force. 

ber  SJooetnber,  -8,  November. 

nun,  adv.,  now  ;  introductory 
particle,  well,  I  say. 

nunmefjr',  adv.,  now,  finally,  at 
length,  henceforth. 

nur,  adv.,  only,  at  least,  merely  ; 
particle,  well,  I  say  ;  with 
imperative,  do,  pray  ;  just  ; 
irgenb  nur,  ever,  to  any  ex- 
tent ;  with  relative  pron., 
bie  nur,  whatever  ;  fpat  nur, 
not  until  late,  quite  late  ; 
nur  Je,  ever,  in  any  degree. 

nufeen  or  nu'fecn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
employ,  avail  one's  self  of,  use, 
profit  ;  intr.,  be  useful  to 
(dat.),  benefit. 

ber  9iu$(en),  -n«,  -en,  use, 
profit,  benefit  ;  advantage, 
utility. 

nitftltd),  adj.,  useful  ;  as  noun, 
ba8  9hU?Hdje,  the  useful,  the 
practical. 


C,  interjection,   O  !  oh  ! 

oO,  conj.,  if,  whether. 

oben,    adv.,    above,    up    stairs  ; 

Don   oben,   from  above,   from 

heaven  ;     the  upper  classes, 

the  authorities. 
ober,    adj.,   upper  ;      as   noun, 

ber    Obere,    chief,    superior  ; 

one   in   power  ;      the   upper 

classes. 

obg(eid)',  conj.,  although, 
bte  Cbrtgfett,  -,  -en,   those  in 

authority,  magistracy. 
ba«     Cbft,  -e«,   fruit  ;  =  Ob  ft* 

ernte,  fruit  harvest. 
obttJOl)!,  conj.,  although, 
ber  Cd)3,  -en,  -en,  ox. 
bie  Cbe,  -,  -n,  ode. 
Bbe,      adj.,      waste,      desolate, 

dreary. 

ober,  conj.,  or. 
ber    Cefer,    -3,    proper    name, 

Adam  Friedrich  Oeser  (1717- 

1799),     a     German     painter, 

etcher,  and  sculptor,  a  friend 

of  Goethe's. 

ber  Cfen,  -3,  *,  stove,  (oven), 
offen,  adj.,  open,  frank,  sincere, 
ber  Cfftster',  -3,  -e,  officer, 
bte  Cffjsin',  -,  -en,  office,  shop  ; 

laboratory,  drug  store. 
offnen,  tr.  (f»aben),  to  open. 
oft  (ofter,  o'fteft),  adv.,  often,  oft, 

frequently. 
ofter (3)  (comparative  o/oft),  adv., 

often,  frequently. 
oftmafd,  adv.,  often,  frequently. 


ulmc 


67 


pflegen 


ofjne,  prep,  (ace.),  without, 
bad  Cf|r,  -(e)3,  -en,  ear. 
Ultjmlriftf),       adj.,        Olympian, 

Olympic, 
bte    Cperette,    -,    -n,    operetta, 

little  opera, 
bte  Cprif,  -,  optics. 
orbnen,  tr.   (fjaben),  to  arrange, 

put  in  order, 
bte     C  minimi,     -,    -en,     order, 

arrangement. 
urbnitncK'ltK",    adj.,    disordered, 

confused. 

orqanifcf),  adj.,  organic(al). 
bte  Crgef,  -,  -n,  organ, 
ortenta(ifd),  adj.,  Oriental,  East- 
ern, 
ber  Crt,  -(e)8,  -e  or  Eer,  place, 

town  ;     Don  alien  Orten  itnb 

Snben,  from  all  sides, 
ber    Cfftait,    -3,    proper    name, 

Ossian,  a  legendary  character 

of  Irish  literature. 
bte  Cftcrn,  plu.,  Easter, 
oftin'bifd),  adj.,  East  Indian. 


ba3  $aar,  -(e)3,  -e,  pair,  couple, 
paaren,    tr.    (fjaben),    to    pair  ; 

unite,  combine. 
pacfen,     tr.     (fyaben),   to    pack, 

stow  away. 
bte  ^Somi'na,  proper  name,  Pa- 

mina,  the  heroine  in  Mozart's 

opera,  "  The  Magic  Flute." 
ber  ^Santof'fet,  -«,  -n,  slipper, 
bte  iMiralid,  -,  -n,  parable, 

similitude. 


-,    proper    name, 
Paris,  the  capital  of  France. 

bte  Cartel',  -,  -en,  party  ; 
Cartel  net>men,  to  take  sides 
with. 

ber  or  bte  $atcf  -n,  -n,  sponsor, 
godfather,  godmother  ;  plu., 
godparents. 

pcban'ttfd),  adj.,  pedantic,  punc- 
tilious. 

pcin(tcf),  adj.,  in  pain,  anxious  ; 
under  torture  ;  under  sen- 
tence, condemned. 

bte  5|$ettf(f)c,  -,  -n,  whip. 

bte  93efefd)'c,  -,  -n,  pekeshe, 
laced  coat  ;  frogged  jacket. 

bte  $erle,  -,  -n,  pearl. 

bte  ^erfon',  -,  -en,  person  ; 
character  ;  plu.,  people. 

perfon'ltdj,  adj.,  personal. 

ber  $fob,  -(e)«,  -e,  path. 

ber  SJSform,  -«,  -,  pastor,  clergy- 
man, father. 

ber  ^farrljcrr,  -n,  -en,  pastor, 
clergyman. 

bte  ^feife,  -,  -n,  pipe  ;   pipeful. 

ber  pfennig,  -3,  -e,  pfennig, 
one  fourth  of  a  cent,  penny  ; 
mite,  trifle. 

bag  $fcrb,  -(e)«,  -e,  horse. 

bte  ^flange,  -,  -n,  plant. 

pftonjen,  tr.  (^aben),  to  plant. 

bad  ^ffoftcr,  -8,  -,  pavement  ; 
(plaster). 

pflog,  fat  gepflogen,  or 
reg.  tr.,  to  attend,  care  for  ; 
cherish,  nourish  ;  enjoy  ; 
intr.,  to  be  used  or  accus- 
tomed to  ;  be  wont. 


68 


quer 


bte  ^flidjt,  -,  -en,  duty,  obliga- 
tion. 

bag  *£fort<$en,  -g,  -,  dim.,  little 
gate,  postern  gate. 

bte  SJSfjantafte',  -,  -en,  fancy, 
imagination,  phantasy. 

pf)Uofo'pf)tf(f),  adj.,  philoso- 
phical. 

ber  5|5U§,  -e8,  -e,  mushroom. 

plagett,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  plague, 
tease,  torment,  vex. 

platfcftern,  f»/r.  (fjaben),  to 
splash. 

bte  ^Idtte,  -,  -n,  flat  stone, 
flag. 

ber  tyi&b,  -e«,  "e,  place,  seat, 
spot. 

plijulirti,  adv.,  suddenly, 
abruptly. 

plihtbcrn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  plunder, 
rob,  pillage. 

ber  tyobel,  -g,  mob,  rabble, 
populace,  people. 

bte  ^oeftc',  -,  -n,  poetry,  poesie. 

puli'rtfd),  adj.,  political. 

bte  ^olnfthmnia,  -,  proper  name, 
Polyhymnia,  the  Muse  of  the 
solemn  hymn. 

prtid)ttg,  adj.,  splendid,  mag- 
nificent. 

praftifd),  adj.,  practical,  useful. 

praffcn,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  feast, 
revel  ;  riot,  carouse. 

ber  ^rebiger,  -g,  -,  preacher, 
pastor. 

preifen,  prteg,  fjat  gepriefen,  tr.,  to 
praise,  commend. 

prtcfcln,  tr.  and  intr.  (fjaben),  to 
prickle,  itch. 


bte  $$robe,  -,  -n,  test,  proof  ; 
bte  strobe  fatten,  to  stand  the 
test. 

ber  *Urofef'f0r,  -«,  -en,  profes- 
sor. 

bet  propers',  -eng,  proper  name, 
Sextus  Propertius  (c.  49- 
16  B.C.),  the  greatest  Latin 
elegiac  poet. 

ber  ^row'for,  -S,  -en,  dispenser, 
apothecary's  assistant. 

priifcn,  tr.  (b,aben),  to  test, 
examine,  try,  prove. 

ber  $u!3,  -e^,  -e,  pulse,  throb, 
heart  beat. 

ba«  $ult,  -(e)g,  -e,  desk,  (pul- 
pit). 

bie  t'uvpc,  -,  -n,  doll,  puppet  ; 
baby. 

bag  ^uppenfpiet,  -(e)g,  -e,  pup- 
pet show  or  play. 

ber  9?ufe,  -eg,  dress,  finery, 
show,  attire. 

pttfeen,  tr.  ({>aben),  to  adorn, 
dress  up,  primp  ;  put  in 
order  ;  8£*>ul?t,  dressed  up. 

C 

quolen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  tease, 
torment,  pain  ;  refl.,  toil, 
drudge,  work  hard. 

ber  Cuett,  -(c)g,  -e,  (poetical), 
spring,  fountain,  source. 

bte  duette,  -,  -n,  spring,  foun- 
tain, source. 

cwcllcn  (quiHt),  quott,  ift  0e= 
quollen,  intr.,  to  gush  forth, 
spring  ;  arise. 

qitcr,  adv.,  across,  diagonally. 


qucttdjcn 


reidjflefammdt 


quetfd)en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  squeeze, 
crowd  together,  crush. 


rarficn,    rod),    b,at    gerodjen,    tr. 

(now  usually  reg.),  to  avenge, 

revenge,   take   vengeance   on 

(an,  dot.). 

bag  <Rab,  -(e)g,  "er,  wheel. 
ber     SRain,     -(e)g,     -e,     ridge, 

border,    boundary    (between 

fields). 
ber     !){anb,     -(e)g,     Ber,     edge, 

border,  brink. 
bie    Wtinfc,    pin.,    wiles,    tricks, 

intrigues. 
rafd),  adj.,  quick,  swift,  (rash)  ; 

fdjnett  unb  rafd),  quickly  and 

hurriedly. 

rafen,  inlr.  (f)aben),  to  rage,  rave. 
ber  SRafen,  -g,  -,  grass,  turf  ; 

grassplot. 

roften,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  rest,  halt. 
roftfoi?,  adj.,  restless,  unwearied, 

unceasing. 
ber  9iat,  -(e)g,  9?atfd)Iage,  coun- 

sel,   advice  ;       (plu.,    SRfite), 

council,  councillor. 
rotcn  (rat),  riet,  fjat  geraten,  tr. 

(dat.},  to  advise,  counsel. 
ba«  9Jatf)<ui3,  -e«,  fler,    city  or 

town  hall. 
rauben,    tr.     (fjaben),    to    rob, 

plunder  ;    carry  off,  abduct. 
ber  JRoitber,  -3,  -,  robber. 
ber  Waucf),  -(e)g,  smoke. 
raiicftcn,  intr.  (b^aben),  to  smoke. 
ber    9Jaum,    -(e)g,    "e,     room, 

space,  place. 


bie  Oiatipe,  -,  -n,  caterpillar. 

bag  !)iaitfdi(t)cit,  -g,  -,  dim.,  slight 
intoxication,  exhilaration. 

red)t,  adj.,  right,  correct,  proper; 
redjt  fjaben,  to  be  right  ;  etnem 
redjt  fleben,  to  grant  that  one 
is  right,  concede  ;  redjt  gut 
or  luof)I,  very  well  ;  adv.,  erft 
redjt,  more  than  ever,  really, 
actually  ;  as  noun,  bag 
9Jed)te,  the  right. 

bag  !Hed)t,  -(e)g,  -e,  law,  right, 
justice  ;  mit  9?ed)t,  justly. 

red)t3,  adv.,  at,  on,  or  to  the 
right. 

bie  SRebc,  -,  -n,  speech,  talk, 
discourse  ;  words,  language. 

rcben,  tr.  and  intr.  (fyaben),  to 
speak,  talk. 

rcblid),  adj.,  honest,  upright, 
honorable. 

ber  SJegcn,  -g,  -,  rain. 

rcgett,  tr.  (b^aben),  to  move  ; 
refl.,  stir,  move  about,  be 
active  ;  jump  up. 

rcgic'ten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  rule, 
manage,  govern. 

bie  SJicflte'rung,  -,  -en,  govern- 
ment ;  bie  eigne  3?egterung, 
autonomy,  self-government. 

bag  9Jei(f|,  -(e)g,  -e,  empire, 
territory. 

retd),  adj.,  rich,  wealthy. 

retdjen,  tr.  (baben),  to  reach, 
hand,  offer,  give  ;  serve 
(coffee)  ;  intr.,  extend. 

rctdjgefammclt,  part.  adj., 
gathered  in  abundance,  over- 
flowing. 


r  del)  ltd) 


70 


Diing 


retdjUdj,   adj.,   rich,    abundant, 

plentiful. 
ba«  9ieirf)$fatnmergerid)t,  -%,  -e, 

Imperial  Chancery  (at  Wetz- 

lar). 
bie  9Jeid)3ftabt,  -,  "e,    imperial 

city,  free  city, 
reif,  adj.,  ripe,  mature, 
ber  SHetf(en),  -(e)8  or  -end,  -en, 

ring,  circle, 
bie  9teife,  -,  maturity. 
reif  en,  tr.  and  intr.  (fyaben),  to 

ripen,  mature. 

bie  SReifye,  -,  -n,  row,  line,  series. 
rein,   adj.,   clean,   pure,   clear  ; 

unselfish. 
reinigen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  clean  ; 

as    noun,    ba3    Retnigen,   -3, 

cleaning. 

rcinlid),  adj.,  clean,  neat,  spot- 
less, 
bie     JReinltdjfett,     -,     neatness, 

cleanliness. 
ba«   9iet3,  -(f)e«,   -(0«/   twig, 

sprig, 
bie  JRetfe,  -,  -n,  journey,  travel  ; 

ftdj  auf  9Jetfen  begeben,  to  set 

out    on    a    journey,    travel  ; 

bie   ^talientfdje    9Mf«/   Italian 

Journey,    Goethe's    account  of 

his  trip  to  Italy  in  1786-1788. 
bie    SReifebefdjreibung,    -,    -en, 

travel  description. 
retfen,    intr.    (fein),    to    travel, 

journey  ;      reifenb,       as       I 

traveled  ;         as     noun,     ber 

Sfetfenbe,  traveler, 
reipen,  rife,  fyat  geriffen,  tr.,  to 

tear,  snatch,  pull,  rend. 


ber  Steij,  -e«,  -e,  attraction, 
charm,  incentive. 

retjen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  attract, 
charm  ;  irritate,  anger. 

rennen,  rannte,  ift  gerannt,  intr., 
to  run,  rush,  race. 

ber  SHeft,  -(e)«,  -e,  rest,  re- 
mainder ;  bie  Siefte,  remnants, 
what  was  left. 

retten,  tr.  (b,aben),  to  rescue, 
save  ;  refl.,  escape,  be  saved. 

bie  9ietrung,  -,  -en,  rescue, 
deliverance,  escape,  recovery. 

reiien,  tr.  and  intr.  (often  im- 
personal with  ace.)  (fjaben), 
to  regret,  rue  ;  repent. 

bie  9ietrifton,  -,  -en  (pron.  hri), 
revision. 

bie  5Ret)oIutton,  -,  -en  (pron. 
rt)0  ;  t  =  18),  revolution. 

ber  9tb,etnf  -(e)«,  proper  name, 
the  Rhine  River,  which  flows 
through  -western  Germany. 

ber  9i()etnftrom,  -g,  the  Rhine 
River. 

ber  SRfKtntoein,  -(e)d,  -e,  Rhine 
wine. 

rtdjtcn,  tr.  (Ijaben),  to  direct, 
guide  ;  refl.,  act  according 
to,  be  guided  (by). 

ber  Ditdjter,  -3,  -,  judge,  magis- 
trate. 

ridjtig,  adj.,  right,  correct, 
just. 

ber  DJiemcn,  -8,  -,  strap,  thong, 
string. 

bus  9iinb,  -(e)«,  -er,  ox,  cow  ; 
plu.,  cattle. 

ber  SRing,  -(e)e,  -e,  ring. 


71 


Stiiftung 


rtng3,  adv.,  around  ;  ringg1  unt, 
round  about,  all  around. 

rtnnen,  rann,  tft  geronnen,  intr., 
to  run,  flow. 

her  9tocf,  -(c)«,  ae,  coat  ;    skirt. 

rof),  adj.,  raw,  crude  ;  brutal, 
rude  ;  rough,  uneven. 

rotten,  tr.  and  intr.  (fjaben),  to 
roll,  wheel  ;  rollenb,  rum- 
bling. 

bag  Worn,  -(e)g,  proper  name, 
Rome,  the  capital  of  Italy 
and  the  seat  of  the  old  Roman 
empire  and  culture. 

ber  Woman,  -g,  -e,  novel  ; 
romance  ;  work  of  fiction. 

ber  9tbmcr,  -g,  -,  rummer,  a 
goblet  of  pale  green  or  brown 
glass  used  for  Rhine  wine  ; 
the  city  hall  in  Frankfort- 
on-the-Main,  Germany. 

romifdj,  adj.,  Roman. 

bte  IRofc,  -,  -n,  rose. 

bag  JKo^Ietn,  -g,  -,  dim.,  little 
rose. 

bag  JRoR,  -(ff)eg,  -(ff)e,  horse, 
steed,  charger. 

rot  (roter,  roteft),  adj.,  red. 

bie  SRiite,  -,  blush,  redness  ; 
mit  fliegenber  3tote,  with  a 
sudden  blush,  mounting 
color. 

rotlid),  adj.,  reddish. 

ber  9iihfen,  -g,  -,  back  ;  ridge, 
summit. 

riirfen,  tr.  and  refl.  (f)aben),  to 
move,  proceed,  change,  get 
loose ;  intr.  (fein),  move, 
come. 


bte  JRiuffefjr,  -,  return. 

bte  5)iiuffid)t,  -,  -en,  regard, 
consideration  ;  ofme  3?iio% 
fid)!,  recklessly,  without  re- 
gard for  consequences. 

ruffttiartv,  adv.,  backwards. 

ber  9tuf,  -(e)3,  -e,  shout,  call, 
summons  ;  reputation. 

rufcn,  rief,  l>at  gerufen,  tr.  and 
intr.,  to  call,  summon  ;  = 
jurufen,  call  to. 

bte  Wulje,  -,  rest,  quiet,  peace. 

ru()cn,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  rest,  take 
it  easy  ;  exist,  be. 

ruf)ig,  adj.,  quiet,  calm,  peace- 
ful. 

riilimcn,  tr.  (^aben),  to  praise  ; 
boast. 

riiljmltcf),  adj.,  commendable  ; 
honorable,  glorious  ;  adv., 
with  praise,  commendably. 

riHjren,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  move, 
touch,  strike  ;  affect  ;  intr., 
be  active,  touch  (an,  dal.)  ; 
refl.,  move,  stir,  budge  ; 
rtlfjrenb,  touching,  pathetic. 

ritljrig,  adj.,  stirring,  active. 

bie  !)iul)rnmi,  -,  feeling,  emo- 
tion. 

runb,  adj.,  round. 

bag  !)iuiti>,  -(e)g,  -e,  round 
object  ;  platter,  tray. 

runbltd),  adj.,  plump,  round. 

riiften,  tr.  (f)aben),  to  arm, 
equip,  prepare. 

riifrifl,  adj.,  robust,  vigorous, 
healthy. 

bie  SRiifrung,  -,  -en,  armor, 
equipment  ;  implements. 


3nal 


72 


irtiiiiiiiuMi 


ber  Saal,  -(e)«,  Sale,  hall, 
reception  room,  large  room. 

bie  Snat,  -,  -en,  seed,  sowing  ; 
standing  grain,  crops. 

ber  3iibcl,  -8,  -,  saber,  sword. 

bie  3actic,  -,  -n,  thing,  affair  ; 
cause  ;  duty,  business. 

bad  Sad)fen=28eimar,  -3,  proper 
name,  Saxe-Weimar,  one  of 
the  states  of  the  German 
Empire,  a  grand  duchy. 

fad)t(e),  adj.,  soft,  gentle  ; 
slow. 

bie  3age,  -,  -n,  saw. 

fagen,  tr.  (dat.}  (Ijaben),  to  say, 
tell. 

ba3  Solicit,  -3,  -,  dim.  (2aal), 
little  room. 

ba«  8als,  -e$,  -e,  salt. 

ber  3ame(n),  -(n)3,  -n,  seed. 

fammeln,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  gather, 
collect. 

famtltd),  adj.,  all,  all  together, 
collected. 

fonft,  adj.,  soft,  gentle,  light. 

ber  3org,  -(e)3,  "e,  coffin. 

fauber,  adj.,  neat,  clean,  dainty. 

foiier,  adj.,  sour  ;  bitter,  un- 
pleasant ;  hard,  difficult. 

fauerltd),  adj.,  tart,  acid,  sourish 
(mineral  water). 

ber  Sounding,  -3,  -e,  babe, 
infant. 

ber  3aum,  -(e)«,  *e,  hem,  edge, 
seam. 

fiiumen,  intr.  (f)aben),  to  hesi- 
tate, delay,  tarry  ;  neglect. 


ba«    Saumfal,    -«,    negligence, 

shiftlessness,  laziness, 
faufcn,    /«/r.    (^aben),    to   rush, 

bluster,  roar, 
ber   Scfyabe(n),  -ng,   -n  or  Bn, 

harm,       injury  ;        damage, 

loss. 
fd)0l»cn,   i«/r.    (dat.)    (f)aben),   to 

injure,  hurt, 
bie   Sdjobcnfmtbc,  -,   malicious 

joy  over  another's  bad  luck 

or  discomfiture, 
bag  Srfjaf,  -(e)3,  -e,  sheep, 
fdjaffcn,  fc^uf,  b,at  gefa^affen,  tr., 

to     work,     produce,     create, 

bring      about  ;       reg.,       do, 

make  ;     supply,  procure  ;  = 

anfdjaffen,  acquire  ;   as  noun, 

bag  £a)affen,  -g,  working, 
bie  3(f)or,  -,  -en,  band,  troop  ; 

crowd,  multitude, 
f^arf     (f(f)arfer,    fd^ftrfft),    adj., 

sharp,  keen, 
ber    3d>attcn,    -g,    -,    shadow, 

shade. 

fdjattig,  adj.,  shady. 
ber  3cb,at>,  -eS,  "e,  treasure, 
fc^ofecn,    tr.    (fjaben),    to   value, 

prize,  appreciate  ;    estimate, 

judge, 
bie  Sdia'mtnn,  -,  -en,  valuation, 

estimate,  appreciation, 
fdjaitbcrn,    intr.    (oor   vilh  dat.) 

(Ijaben),  to  shudder  at,  shrink 

from. 
flatten,  tr.  (f»aben),  to  see,  look, 

behold,  view, 
fd) oumen,  intr.  (f)aben),  to  foam, 

froth,  champ. 


73 


fdllctfen 


bag  ScfyaitfoicI,  -(e)g,  -e,  sight, 
spectacle  ;  comedy. 

ber  Sdjeffel,  -g,  -,  bushel. 

bte  ©tactile,  -,  -n,  pane  of 
glass,  round  pane. 

(^•nben,  fdjteb,  ijat  gefcfjieben,  tr., 
to  part,  divide,  separate  ; 
intr.  (fetn),  depart,  go 
away. 

b:r  8cf)etn,  -(e)g,  -c,  shine, 
brightness  ;  looks,  show, 
appearance. 

bag  8cf)Ctnbilb,  -g,  -cr,  appari- 
tion, illusion,  phantom. 

fdjdnen,  frfticn,  b.at  gefdjtenen, 
intr.,  to  seem,  appear  ;  shine, 
make  a  show. 

ber  3djcUc(,  -8,  -,  top,  summit  ; 
crown  of  the  head. 

faelten  (fd&tlt),  f<$alt,  f)at  ge= 
fifjolten,  /r.,  to  blame,  scold, 
chide,  find  fault  with  ;  as 
noun,  bte  Scfjcltenben,  scold- 
ing, quarreling  people  ;  bag 
Sd)elten,  -3,.  scolding,  fault- 
finding. 

bte  Scfyenfe,  -,  -n,  tavern,  inn. 

fcficnfett,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  present, 
give. 

bag  Scfyerfletn,  -g,  -,  dim.,  small 
contribution,  mite. 

ber  <2djer5,  -eg,  -e,  joke,  jest. 

f^crjen,  j'wir.  (f)(iben),  to  joke, 
jest. 

fdjcit,  adj.,  shy,  timid,  fearful, 
uncertain. 

ftffcuen,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  shun, 
avoid,  fear,  dread  ;  refl., 
be  afraid. 


bte  Sttyeune,  -,  -n,  barn,  granary, 
storehouse. 

fcfiirfen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  send. 

bo^  Sdjirffal,  -(e)g,  -e,  fate, 
lot,  destiny. 

ber  2d)tffcr,  -g,  -,  sailor, 
mariner,  skipper. 

fdjtfbern,  tr.  ({jaben),  to  picture, 
depict,  describe. 

ber  SdjiCer,  -g,  proper  name, 
Johann  Christoph  Friedrich 
von  Schiller  (1759-1805),  a 
famous  German  poet  and 
dramatist,  and  a  close  friend 
of  Goethe's. 

fcfytmmcrn,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  shim- 
mer, sparkle  ;  fdjtmmernb, 
radiant,  brilliant. 

ber  3d)infcn,  -g,  -,  ham. 

fcfytrren,  tr.  (fjaben),  =  anfdf)irren, 
to  harness,  hitch  up. 

ber  3(^(af,  -(e)g,  sleep. 

ber  St^Iafrorf,  -(e)g,  He,  dressing 
gown. 

ber  Sdjlog,  -(e)g,  ae,  blow, 
stroke. 

Wlagcn  (fcfjlagt),  fcfjlug,  f»at 
gefd^Iagen,  tr.  and  intr.,  to 
strike,  beat,  throb  ;  fid)  ing 
5D?ttteI  fdjlagen,  to  intervene, 
interpose,  come  to  the  rescue. 

fd)(edjt,  adj.,  bad,  poor,  of  no 
value,  worthless. 

frf)Icid)cnf  fdjltd),  ift  gefdjlicfjen, 
intr.,  to  sneak,  steal,  glide. 

ber  8d)Jetcr,  -g,  -,  veil. 

ft^fcifcn,  fdjltff,  !)at  gefdjltffen,  tr., 
to  polish,  grind,  cut  ;  ge= 
fd)Iiffen,  cut  (glass). 


i"rt)lcppcn 


frfjihtDerfUbcrt 


,d)leppen,  tr.  (h,aben),  to  drag, 
move  with  difficulty,  tug; 
refl.,  be  burdened,  loaded 
down  with. 

fctylictyten,  .',-.  (h,oben),  to  adjust, 
smooth,  settle. 

fd)Ueften,  fdjlofe,  fjat  gefdtfoffen, 
tr.,  to  shut,  close,  lock  ;  refl., 
join,  decide. 

fdiitCRltd),  adv.,  finally,  ulti- 
mately, in  the  end. 

fcftltmm,  adj.,  bad,  evil,  ill. 

fdilingcn,  fcfjtong.,  Ijat  gefdjtunaen, 
tr.  and  refl.,  to  entwine, 
wind  ;  tie. 

bag  Sdjlofe,  -(ff)eg,  E(ff)er,  castle. 

bte  3cf)lof?c,  -  -n,  hailstone  ; 
•bin.,  hail,  sleet. 

ber  Stflufe,  -(f|)eg,  «(ff)e,  end, 
closing  ;  deduction,  con- 
clusion. 

fdimal,  adj.,  small,  narrow. 

fdltneidjeln,  intr.  (dat.)  (f)aben), 
to  flatter  ;  refl.,  flatter  one's 
self,  make  one's  self  be- 
lieve ;  gefttllig  fdjmetcfjeln,  to 
pay  pleasing  compliments  to. 

fameljen  (fdjmtlgt),  fdjmolj,  tft 
Befcfjmoljen,  intr.,  to  melt,  dis- 
solve, melt  down. 

ber  Sd)mcr5(cn),  -eg  or  -enS, 
-en,  pain,  grief,  sorrow. 

frfjmersen,  tr.,  to  grieve,  pain. 

ftfjmerjltd),  adj.,  painful,  griev- 
ous. 

ftftmettcrn,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  ring 
out,  peal,  sound,  bray. 

ber  StfimieJ),  -(e)«,  -e,  smith, 
blacksmith,  farrier. 


fdltntegen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  bend, 
incline  ;  refl.,  cling,  nestle, 
press  close. 

ftfymufetji.  adj.,  dirty,  filthy, 
muddy  ;  sordid. 

bte  Sdjnallc,  -,  -n,  buckle, 
clasp. 

fdjnciben,  fcfjnttt,  f)at  gefcf)mtten, 
tr.,  to  cut,  reap,  mow. 

ber  Sdjneibcr,  -«,  -,  tailor. 

frfincll,  adj.,  swift,  quick,  rapid. 

fc^neflt)crf(t)tt)tnt>enb,  part,  adj., 
quickly  disappearing. 

ber  2rf)ntttcr,  -g,  -,  reaper, 
harvester. 

bag  2t^nibtt)crf,  -(e)g,  -e,  carv- 
ing, carved  work. 

f(f)nbb(c),  adj.,  base,  mean, 
vile  ;  awful. 

ber  Sd>nbrfe(F  -3,  -,  scroll, 
volute,  arabesque. 

bag  8rf)tuipftucf),  -(e)S,  «er,  hand- 
kerchief. 

bte  Sefynur,  -,  ae,  cord,  string. 

fdjniiren,  tr.  ({jaben),  to  lace. 

frfjon,  arff.,  already,  even  ; 
surely,  indeed,  no  doubt. 

fdjbn,  adj.,  pretty,  beautiful, 
handsome,  lovely,  fine  ; 
good  ;  pleasing  ;  as  noun, 
bie  Sdjonften,  the  most  ele- 
gant, most  refined. 

ufjoncn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  spare, 
treat  considerately,  favor. 

fdjbngeorbnct,  adj.,  beautifully 
arranged. 

bte  2d)iinl)cit,  -,  -en,  beauty. 

f^onDcrftlbcrt,  part,  adj.,  beau- 
tifully silvered. 


75 


Sdjwerfte 


fdjiipfcn,  /r.  (fjaben),  to  draw  or 
dip  (water). 

ber  Sdjranf,  -(e)3,  "e,  cupboard, 
wardrobe  ;  cabinet,  press. 

bie  ©djranfe,  -,  -n,  limit,  barrier, 
bound. 

fdjrcden,  tr.  (fjctben),  to  frighten, 
alarm. 

ber  Sdjrecfen,  -3,  -,  fright, 
terror,  horror. 

fdjrerfttd),  adj.,  terrible,  fright- 
ful ;  fdjrecflid)  ben  geinben,  a 
terror  to  the  enemy. 

fdjreifeen,  fdjrieb,  fyat  gefcfjrteben, 
tr.  and  intr.,  to  write  ;  as 
noun,  baS  ©djreiben,  -3,  writ- 
ing. 

ftfjrcicn,  fcfjrte,  f)at  gefdjrieen,  intr., 
to  scream,  cry,  shout,  shriek  ; 
as  noun,  bag  @cf)rei(e)n,  -8, 
cries,  screaming. 

fdjrettett,  fcfyrttt,  ift  gefdjrttten, 
intr.,  to  walk,  step,  go. 

bte  Shrift,  -,  -en,  writing  ; 
pin.,  the  Scriptures. 

ber  Sdjritt,  -(e)3,  -e,  step,  pace. 

ft^ud)tern,  arfj-;  sny>  timid. 

ber  Sc^uf),  -(«)*,  -e,  shoe. 

bie  ©d)ulb,  -,  -en,  blame, 
guilt,  fault  ;  debt  ;  adj., 
an  etn>aS  fdjulb  fetn,  to  be  the 
cause  of,  be  to  blame  for. 

bie  Sdinfe,  -,  -n,  school. 

bie  Sdwlter,  -,  -n,  shoulder. 

ber  Sdjultfjeifc,  -en,  -en,  magis- 
trate, justice  ;  mayor. 

ber  (adjure,  -n,  -n,  judge, 
magistrate  ;  =  93iirgermeiftcr, 
head  of  the  village,  mayor. 


fcfyuren,  tr.  (ftaben),  to  stir,  poke,  ' 
rake. 

ber  2d)iitt,  -(e)«,  debris,  ruins, 
rubbish. 

fdjiitteln,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  shake. 

fd)iil?cn,  tr.  (fyuben),  to  protect, 
shelter. 

ber  Sdjufegott,  -(e)«,  *er,  pro- 
tecting divinity  or  deity. 

fdjttmd)  (f^roci^er,  fddMdjft),  adj., 
weak,  feeble  ;  slender,  delicate. 

bie  3ct)raacf)c,  -,  -n,  weakness. 

ft^Wonfen,  intr.  (^aben),  to  sway, 
reel,  waver,  rock  to  and  fro  ; 
fdjtoanfenb,  vacillating,  vari- 
able ;  uncertain,  unsteady, 
doubtful  ;  fitful,  flickering. 

fd)rt)ars  (fcfjtoarjer,  fdjttmrjeft), 
adj.,  black. 

fdjttialjen,  fd)tt)Sfecn,  intr.  (fjaben), 
to  chat,  gossip. 

fduuebcn,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  hover, 
float,  linger,  soar,  be  sus- 
pended. 

fd)tt)eigen,  fdjwteg,  b,at  gefdjnitegen, 
intr.,  to  be  silent  ;  fdjltetgenb, 
silently,  in  silence,  without 
speaking. 

ber  ©djttmfe,  -(ff)e«,  sweat, 
perspiration. 

bie  ©t^toettc,  -,  -n,  threshold, 
doorstep. 

fitter,  adj.,  heavy  ;  difficult, 
hard  ;  grievous,  severe. 

fd)toerlt(f),  adv.,  scarcely,  hardly, 
with  difficulty. 

baS  (Srfitoerfte,  -n,  -n  (superla- 
tive of  fdjmer),  the  hardest, 
most  difficult. 


Sdjfoert 


«enje 


bag  Sd)»ert,  -(e)8,  -er,  sword. 

bie  @$n>efiei:,  -,  -n,  siste.. 

bte  «d)nnegertod)rerf  -,  ", 
daughter-in-law. 

ba«  Sd)nnegerti)d)tcrd)en,  -3,  -, 
tWwt.,  (nice)  little  daughter- 
in-law. 

fdjwingen,  fdjroang,  h,at  ge= 
fdjnwngen,  lr.  and  refl.,  to 
swing,  whirl. 

fd)tt>jjren,  fd)tr>ur  or  fdjroor,  b,at 
gefdjlDoren,  Jr.  and  intr.,  to 
swear,  vow. 

bet  <2d>njumj,  -(e)g,  «e,  swing, 
impulse  ;  flight  ;  tm 
©djlrmnge,  as  they  fell. 

fed)3,  num.,  six. 

fed)3mal,  aaY,  six  times. 

fecftft  (-er,  -e,  -e«),  num.  adj., 
sixth. 

fcd)^unb5tt)anjtg,  num.,  twenty- 
six. 

fccf)3Clin,  num.,  sixteen. 

bie  Seele,  -,  -n,  soul,  mind, 
heart. 

ber  8e<jett,  -«,  -,  blessing, 
benediction. 

ber  Segen^nwnfcf),  -e§,  "e, 
benediction ;  congratulations, 
greetings,  good  wishes. 

feqnen,  tr.,  to  bless. 

feffen  (fte^t),  fa!),  fat  gefefyen,  /r. 
awrf  t«/r.,  to  see,  look,  per- 
ceive ;  interj.,  fiel)(e),  lo ! 
behold ! 

fefinen,  intr.  (f)aben),  to  long  for 
(nadj). 

feftr,  adv.,  very,  very  much  ; 
sorely. 


fetn  (tft),  mar,  ift  geroefen,  inir.,  to 
be,  exh*  =  bienen,  serve. 

fein,  possessive  adj.  and  pron., 
his,  its  ;  as  noun,  Der  ©einc, 
his  fellow-countryman ;  bie 
Semen,  his  people,  family,  or 
friends. 

fett,  prep,  (dat.),  since  ;  conj., 
since. 

feitbem',  adv.,  since,  since  then  ; 
conj.,  since. 

bte  Seite,  -,  -n,  side  ;  bet  2eite, 
aside. 

felfocr,  felbft,  indeclinable  pron., 
self,  selves,  himself,  herself, 
etc.  ;  Don  felber  or  felbft,  of  its 
own  accord  ;  as  a  matter 
of  course  ;  fidj  felbft  lebett,  to 
live  for  one's  self  or  one's 
own  advantage  ;  adv.,  felbft, 
even. 

felbftbcfttmmt,  adj.,  self-deter- 
mined. 

fcHg,  adj.,  sainted,  blessed  ; 
late,  deceased. 

fdtcn,  adj.,  rare,  scarce,  seldom  ; 
curious  ;  as  noun,  bag  Seltene, 
the  rare,  unusual. 

fenben,  fanbte,  f>at  gefanbt,  or 
reg.,  tr.,  to  send  ;  as  noun, 
ber  ©efanbte,  one  sent,  envoy, 
ambassador. 

bte  Scnbimg,  -,  -eu,  sending, 
transmission. 

fcngen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  burn, 
scorch,  singe. 

fcnfcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  sink  ;  in- 
cline, lower. 

bie  2enfe,  -,  -n,  scythe. 


Senttmentalitfit 


fifeen 


bte  SenrtmcnraHtat,  -,  sentimen- 
tality, sentimentalism. 

bag  3efeni)Ctm,  -g,  proper  name, 
Sesenheim,  a  small  city  near 
Strassburg  in  Alsace,  Ger- 
many. 

fefecn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  set,  place  ; 
put  in  place  ;  refl.,  seat 
one's  self,  sit  down  ;  gefefct, 
settled,  steady,  sober. 

feufjen,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  sigh. 

her  Seufser,  -g,  -,  sigh. 

ber  Sfjafefpeare,  -%,  proper  name, 
William  Shakespeare  (1564- 
1616),  one  of  the  greatest 
English  poets  and  dramatists. 

fid),  indeclinable  reflexive  and 
reciprocal  pron.,  himself,  her- 
self, itself  ;  pin.,  themselves  ; 
reciprocal,  one  another,  each 
other  ;  reflexive  of  ©ie, 
yourself,  yourselves. 

ftdjer,  adj.,  secure,  firm,  sure, 
positive,  certain  ;  adv., 
surely,  doubtless,  with  con- 
fidence. 

bte  Stcfyerfyctt,  -,  -en,  security, 
safety,  protection  ;  assur- 
ance, self-possession. 

fte,  personal  pron.,  she,  it,  they, 
her  ;  @ie,  you. 

bag  Steb,  -(e)g,  -e,  sieve. 

fteben,  num.,  seven. 

ftebenjabrig,  adj.,  seven  year 
old  ;  ber  ftebenjafyrtge  $rieg, 
the  Seven  Years'  War  (1756- 
1763). 

ftebcnt  (-er,  -e,  -eg),  num.  adj., 
seventh. 


ftegen,  intr.  (b,aben),  to  conquer, 
triumph. 

ber  ©teger,  -§,  -,  victor,  con- 
queror. 

ba^  Sitbcr,  -«,  silver. 

bag  SUbergcrat,  -(t)%,  -e,  silver 
service,  silverware. 

fUbern,  adj.,  silver,  of  silver. 

ftngen,  fang,  f>at  gefungen,  tr.  and 
intr.,  to  sing  ;  ftngenb,  with 
my  song. 

ftnfen,  fanf,  tft  gefunfen,  intr.,  to 
fall,  sink,  set  (sun);  finfenb, 
lowering,  setting  ;  as  noun,  bag 
©tnfen,  -g,  the  setting,  sinking. 

ber  Sinn,  -(e)g,  -e  or  -en,  sense, 
mind,  spirit,  disposition  ; 
understanding,  intelligence  ; 
purpose,  intention,  thought  ; 
in  gutem  (Stnne,  with  kindly 
intention  ;  mit  <5tnne,  dis- 
creetly, wisely. 

ftnnen,  fann,  {>at  gefonnen,  tr.  and 
intr.,  to  think,  ponder,  in- 
tend, meditate,  plan. 

finnig,  adj.,  thoughtful  ;  =  be= 
fonnen,  with  presence  of  mind, 
quickwitted. 

bte  ©ttte,  -,  -n,  custom  ;  = 
©ittfamfeit,  manners,  good 
breeding  ;  morals. 

ftttltd),  adj.,  modest,  moral  ;  = 
fttttg,  well-mannered,  polite. 

ber  ©ife,  -eg,  -e,  seat. 

ftften,  fafe,  bat  gefeffen,  intr.,  to 
sit  ;  =  fid)  feljen,  to  sit  down, 
take  one's  seat  ;  as  noun, 
bie  <£tljenbe,  one  who  is  sitting 
down. 


Strung 


78 


f  paster  en 


bte  Strung,  -,  -en,  session, 
meeting,  sitting. 

fo,  adv.,  so  fbus,  similarly  ; 
hence,  therefore,  then  ;  fo 
.  .  .  audj,  fo  .  .  .  ttrie,  as  well 
as,  as  also,  however  ;  fo 
etlDttg,  a  thing  of  that  kind  ; 
fo  etn,  such  a  ;  fo  fefjr  aud), 
however  much  ;  fo  nrie  with 
personal  pron.,  such  as. 

fobalb',  adv.,  so  soon,  in  a 
hurry  ;  conj.,  as  soon  as. 

fofort',  adv.,  at  once,  im- 
mediately. 

fogor',  adv.,  even,  actually. 

fogtetd)',  adv.,  immediately,  at 
once. 

bie  @of)le,  -,  -n,  sole. 

ber  @of)n,  -(e)3,  "e,  son. 

foianfl'(e),  conj.,  as  long  as. 

foldj  (-er,  -e,  -e8),  adj.  and 
pron.,  such  ;  fold)  ein,  such  a. 

follcn,  intr.  and  modal  auxiliary, 
shall,  should,  ought  ;  be 
obliged  or  destined  to  ;  be 
said  to  ;  toaS  foil  ba3,  of  what 
use  is  it  ?  what  is  the  meaning 
of  it? 

ber  ©ommer,  -3,  -,  summer. 

fonbern,  tow/,  (after  a  negative), 
but  (on  the  other  hand),  on 
the  contrary. 

fonbern,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  separate, 
lay  aside  ;  =  unterfdjetben,  to 
judge,  discriminate. 

bte  3onnc,  -,  -n,  sun  ;  = 
©onnenoufgang,  sunrise. 

bte  Sonnenflarfjett,  -,  brightness 
of  the  sun,  sunbeams. 


ber  Sonntag,  -3,  -e,  Sunday  ; 
©onntagS,  on  Sunday. 

fonft,  adv.,  else,  otherwise,  in 
other  respects,  moreover  ; 
of  old,  formerly. 

ber  SopfjofleS,  -,  proper  name, 
Sophocles  (496-406  B.C.),  an 
ancient  Greek  philosopher  and 
tragic  poet. 

bte  Sorge,  -,  -n,  anxiety,  sor- 
row, disquiet  ;  care,  concern, 
solicitude. 

forgen,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  be 
anxious  ;  care,  take  care  ;  pro- 
vide ;  forgetib,  apprehensive. 

bte  Sorgfnlt,  -,  care,  carefulness, 
solicitude. 

furgltd),  adj.,  anxious,  appre- 
hensive ;  careful,  solicitous. 

forgiam,  adj.,  careful,  solicitous. 

fotiiel',  adv.,  so  much  ;  conj., 
as  much  as  ;  fomel  aucfj,  how- 
ever much. 

fottric',  adv.  and  conj.,  as,  just  as, 
as  well  as  ;  as  soon  as. 

forooftl',  conj.,  =  fotoofjl  tt)ie,  as 
well  as. 

ber  Spafjer,  -3,  -,  spy  ;  searcher, 
investigator. 

fporen,  tr.  and  intr.  (fyaben),  to 
save,  spare  ;  as  noun,  bag 
(gparen,  -3,  saving,  economy. 

foot,  adj.,  late  (in  life)  ;  fritter, 
later,  afterwards  ;  mir  fpcit  erft, 
not  until  late. 

n,  intr.  (fetn),  to  walk 
(for  pleasure),  stroll  ;  mtt 
Spajteren  ben  lag  leben,  to 
spend  the  day  in  walking. 


Speife 


79 


fmttlirfi 


bte  Speife,  -,  -n,  food,  provi- 
sions. 

fpenbcn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  give, 
distribute,  spend. 

ber  Spiegel,  -3,  -,  mirror,  look- 
ing glass. 

fpicgeln,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  mirror, 
reflect ;  intr.,  shine,  glitter. 

bag  Spiel,  -(e)S,  -e,  play,  game, 
sport. 

fpielen,  tr.  and  intr.  (fjaben),  to 
play  ;  take  place  ;  fptelenb, 
in  playing,  playfully. 

fphug,  adj.,  pointed,  tapering, 
delicate  ;  mit  fptijtgen  gtngern, 
with  the  tips  of  the  fingers,  or 
with  dainty,  tapering  fingers. 

fponbe'ifcf),  adj.,  spondaic(al). 

ber  Sponbe'u^,  -,  -(be)en,  spon- 
dee, a  verse  foot  of  two  long 
syllables,  —  — . 

ber  Spott,  -(e)3,  scorn,  derision, 
taunting. 

fpijtttfdj,  adj.,  scornful,  derisive, 
taunting. 

bte  Sprodfe,  -,  -n,  speech, 
language. 

fprcrfjcn  (fprtcfjt),  fpracf),  f»at  ge= 
[proven,  tr.  and  intr.,  to 
speak,  say,  talk. 

bag  Spridjroort,  -(e)3,  "er,  prov- 
erb, saying,  maxim. 

fprtngen,  fprang,  ift  gefprungen, 
intr.,  to  spring,  leap,  run, 
jump. 

ber  Sprud),  -(e)3,  "e,  proverb, 
saying  ;  decree. 

bo8  Sprii^lein,  -«,  -,  dim., 
proverb,  saying. 


ber   Sprung,  -(e)«,  %    spring, 

jump,  leap, 
bte  Spur,  -,  -en,  trace,  track, 

mark  ;    footprint, 
fpiiren,    tr.    (fyaben),    to    trace, 

perceive,  notice,  feel. 
ber    Staat,    -(e)3,    -en,    state, 

political  division, 
ber  Staatbienft,  -(e)8,  -e,  civil  or 

public  service. 

ber  Stab,  -(e)«,  "e,  staff,  stick, 
bte  Stabt,  -,  "e,  city,  town. 
ba«  StSbtdien,  -8,  -,  dim.,  little 

city,  town, 
ber  Stabler,  -8,  -,  townsman, 

citizen,  urbanite. 
bte     Stafe'te,    -,    -n,     paling, 

picketfence,  railing, 
ber  Staff,  -(e)«,  "e,  stall,  stable. 
ftampfen,  tr.  and  intr.  (fyaben),  to 

stamp,  tramp,  paw. 
ber  Stanb,  -(e)S,  "e,  state,  rank, 

class  ;     condition,  standing  ; 

tm  lebigen  (gtanbe,  single,  un- 
married, a  bachelor, 
bte  Stanbar'te,  -,  -n,  standard, 

banner. 
ftorf    (ftttrfer,     ftarf(e)ft),     adj., 

strong,      vigorous,      sturdy  ; 

coarse,  thick  ;    firm, 
bte  Storfe,  -,  strength,  vigor, 
ftorf  en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  strengthen. 
ftarr,  adj.,  rigid,  stiff,  motion- 
less, stark. 

ftatt,  prep,  (gen.},  instead  of. 
bte  Sttttt,  -,  (stead),  place. 
bte  StStte,  -,  -n,  place,  spot, 
ftattlufi,    adj.,    stately,    grand, 

fine. 


Stotur 


80 


ftrafjlcn 


bte  Statur,  -,  -en,  stature,  size. 

ber  Stoub,  -(e)«,  dust. 

ftaubig,  adj.,  dusty. 

ftaunen,  intr.  (£aben),  to  wonder, 
be  amazed  ;  ber  ftaunenbe 
Jraum,  dreamy  vision,  hazy 
aream  ;  as  noun,  bag  <£taunen, 
-g,  astonishment,  wonder. 

ftecfien  (fttdjt),  ftadj,  f)at  geftodjen, 
tr.,  to  prick,  stick,  sting. 

fterfen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  put,  stick  ; 
place. 

ftefien,  ftanb,  Ijat  geftanben,  intr., 
to  stand  ;  ju  ©eftc^t  ftefjen, 
to  be  becoming  to. 

ber  Steig,  -(e)S,  -e,  path,  path 
upward. 

fteigen,  ftieg,  ift  geftiegen,  intr.,  to 
climb,  ascend,  mount  ;  itn 
©teigen,  as  she  walked  up. 

fteil,  adj.,  steep. 

ber  Stein,  -(e)3,  -e,  stone. 

bte  Don  Stein,  -,  proper  name, 
Frau  Charlotte  von  Stein 
(1742-1827),  a  brilliant 
woman  in  the  Weimar  circle 
and  an  intimate  friend  of 
Goethe's. 

fteincrn,  adj.,  of  stone,  stony. 

bie  Stefle,  -,  -n,  spot,  place, 
position. 

ftellcn,  tr.  (baben),  to  put,  place  ; 
refl.,  take  one's  place,  pre- 
sent one's  self;  jufrieben  fteften, 
to  satisfy. 

fterben  (ftirbt),  ftarb,  ift  geftorben, 
intr.,  to  die. 

fterb(id),  adj.,  mortal  ;  as  noun. 
ber  Sterblicfje,  a  mortal. 


ber  Stern,  -(e)«,  -e,  star. 

ftet3,  adv.,  continually,  con- 
stantly, always. 

frirfen,  tr.  (Jjaben),  to  embroider. 

ber  Stiefet,  -d,  -  or  -n,  boot. 

friefeln,  tr.  and  refl.,  to  boot,  put 
on  boots  ;  gefttefelt,  booted,  in 
boots. 

ber  Stier,  -(e)S,  -e,  ox,  steer. 

ber  3 til,  -(e)8,  -e,  style  ;  man- 
ner. 

ftitt(c),  adj.,  still,  silent,  quiet, 
unexpressed  ;  tm  ftiffen,  si- 
lently, by  one's  self,  secretly. 

ftillcn,  tr.  (tjaben),  to  quiet, 
soothe. 

ftiUucrscfirettb,  part,  adj.,  si- 
lently consuming,  wasting. 

bte  Srimntc,  -,  -n,  voice, 
sound. 

ftimmcn,  tr.  and  intr.  (fyaben),  to 
dispose,  incline  ;  agree,  fit  ; 
geftimmt,  disposed. 

ber  Storf,  -(e)3,  "e,  stick,  stem, 
trunk,  stock  ;  =  SBeinftocf, 
grapevine. 

ftotfen,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  stop, 
stick  ;  be  quiet,  stand  still, 
hesitate  ;  sulk,  pout. 

ber  Stuff,  -(e)8,  -e,  stuff,  ma- 
terial. 

ftotj,  adj.,  proud. 

ber  Stofs,  -eg,  pride. 

ber  Stord),  -(e)8,  ae.  stork. 

ftottern,  intr.  ({jaben),  to  stutter, 
stammer,  hesitate. 

ftrafen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  punish. 

ftrafjlen,  tr.  (Ijaben),  to  beam, 
radiate  ;  flash. 


81 


©sene 


ba3  Strapurg,  -3,  proper  name, 
Strassburg,  capital  of  the 
German  Imperial  Territory 
of  Alsace,  in  southwestern 
Germany  near  the  Rhine. 

bte  Straftc,  -,  -n,  street,  high- 
way ;  paved  road. 

ftrcbcn,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  strive, 
struggle  for  (nadj),  aspire. 

ftrerfcn,  tr.  and  refl.  (fjuben),  to 
stretch  out,  extend. 

ber  ©treid),  -(e)8,  -e,  stroke, 
blow. 

ftreidjeln,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  stroke  ; 
pet,  caress. 

ftreifcn,  intr.  (fetn),  =  umf>er= 
ftreifen,  to  wander  about, 
roam. 

ber  ©trett,  ~(e)«,  -e,  strife, 
quarrel,  fight,  dispute. 

ftretten,  ftritt,  fjat  geftritten,  intr., 
to  fight,  struggle  ;  as  noun, 
bte  (Streitenben,  warriors,  com- 
batants ;  those  liable  to 
military  duty. 

ber  ©trcitcr,  -3,  -,  warrior, 
fighter,  combatant. 

ftrcito,  adj.,  strict,  stern,  severe. 

ber  Strirf,  -(e)3,  -e,  rope,  cord  ; 
tug,  trace. 

ba3  ©trofy,  -(e)&    -traw. 

ber  Strom,  --(,e;S,  "e,  large 
stream,  river  ;  current,  tor- 
rent ;  throng. 

ftrofecn,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  be 
swollen  ;  Frftfttfi  ftroijenb,  of 
vigorous  growth. 

ber  Strubel,  -«,  -,  whirl,  whirl- 
pool, vortex. 


ba«  3tiil)ri)cn,  -3,  -,  dim.,  little 

room, 
bte  ©tube,  -,  -n,  room,  heated 

room,  (stove). 
ba«     Stiirf,     -(e)S,    -e,     piece, 

article  ;   (stick), 
ber  Stubcnt',  -en,  -en,  student, 
ftubie'ren,   ftubterte,  I)at  ftubiert. 

intr.,  to  study, 
bag   Stubiunt,   -8,   -ten,   study, 

pursuit  ;  course, 
bte  Stufe,  -,  -n,  step  ;    stage  ; 

plane, 
bte  StuHotur',  -,  -en,   stucco, 

stuccowork. 

ftumm,  adj.,  silent,  dumb,  mute. 
ba3  Stiinbcfycn,  -3,  -,  dim.,  short 

hour  ('s  walk), 
bte  Stitnbe,  -,  -n,  hour,  time  ; 

league  ;  =  3af)re^3eit,  season, 
ber    Sturm,    -(e)3,     Ke,    storm, 

tempest. 
fturmen,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  storm, 

rush  ;  =  etnfturmen,    to   rush 

upon  ;      sound    the    alarm  ; 

bte      ftilrmenbe      ®locfe  =  bte 

©turntglocfe,  alarm  bell, 
ftiirjen,  intr.  (fetn),  to  fall,  plunge, 
bte  Stiibc,  -,  -n,  prop,  support, 
ftuljen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  trim. 
ftu'Uen,  tr.   ({jaben),  to  support, 

prop  ;    tntt  bem  Slrme  fleftliljt, 

leaning  on  his  arm. 
fu elicit,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  seek,  look 

for. 
ber    Siirtout',     -8,    -3    (pron. 

feiirtu'),  surtout,  overcoat, 
filfe,  adj.,  sweet, 
bte  ©sene,  -,  -n,  scene. 


tabeln 


82 


ttef 


tabeln,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  blame,  find 
fault  with,  censure  ;  dis- 
approve of  ;  as  noun,  bag 
Jabeln,  -g,  faultfinding. 

bie  Xttfel,  -,  -n,  table  ;  large 
pane  of  glass  ;  frame,  panel. 

ber  Jag,  -(e)«,  -e,  day  ;  the 
present  ;  pin.  =  ?ebtage,  days 
of  one's  life,  lifetime  ;  ju 
Jage  treten,  to  appear,  come 
to  light  ;  adv.,  tag,(e)g  border, 
on  the  day  before. 

ta'flitdi,  adv.,  daily. 

bag  Xal,  -(e)g,  "er,  valley. 

talenttJofl,  adj.,  talented,  gifted, 
accomplished. 

ber  Jalcr,  -g,  -,  taler,  a  German 
coin  worth  seventy-five  (75) 
cents.  It  gets  its  name  from 
Joachimstal,  where  it  was 
first  made  (1518). 

ber  Xomi'no,  -g,  proper  name, 
Tamino,  the  hero  in  Mozart's 
opera,  the  "  Magic  Flute." 

ber  £anj,  -eg,  "e,  dance. 

tapfcr,  adj.,  brave,  courageous. 

bie  Xttfdje,  -,  -n,  pocket. 

ber  Xaffo,  -g,  proper  name, 
Tasso,  the  title  and  hero  of 
one  of  Goethe's  dramas. 

bie  £at,  -,  -en,  deed,  action. 

totig,  adj.,  industrious,  busy, 
active,  energetic. 

bie  Jottgleit,  -,  -en,  activity, 
industry,  energy. 

ber  Xaufcf),  -eg,  tte,  exchange, 
trade. 


taufdicn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  exchange, 

trade, 
taufdjcn,  tr.  (Ijoben),  to  deceive, 

disappoint, 
taufcnbmol,    adv.,    a    thousand 

times. 
bag  Je  £eitm,  -g,  proper  name, 

Te  Deum,  a    Latin  hymn    of 

praise  and  thanksgiving. 
ber  Seil,  -(e)g,  -e,  share,  part  ; 

jum  Jetl,  in  part, 
tctlcn,    tr.    (fyaben),    to    divide, 

share. 

bie  Jenne,  -,  -n,  threshing-floor, 
bie  Jerpft'djore,  -,  proper  name, 

Terpsi'chore,  the  Muse  of  the 

choral  dance  and  song. 
tcuer,   adj.,    dear,    costly,   rare. 

precious  ;         as     noun,     bag 

Jeure,  what  is  dear, 
ber  £egt,  -eg,  -e,  text,   words, 

libretto. 

ber  lejtor,  -g,  Textor,  the  fam- 
ily name  of  Goethe's  mother. 
bie    XfyaH'd,    -,    proper    name, 

Thalia,   the  Muse  of  comedy 

and  idyllic  poetry. 
bag  Xfjca'ter,  -g,  -,  theater, 
bie  £()ca'ierfcf)ulc,  -,  -n,  school 

for  actors,  theaterschool. 
bie  Jfieoric',  -,  -n,  theory, 
ber  £t)oranc'r  -g,  proper  name, 

Thoranc,  a  French  count  who 

was     quartered     in     Goethe's 

father's     house      during     the 

Seven  Years'  War  (1756-1763). 
ttef,    adj.,    deep  ;       itn    ttefften 

^erjen,  in  the  depths  of  the 

heart. 


Sicr 


83 


trcu 


bag  £tcr,  -(e)g,  -c,  animal, 
beast,  brute. 

tilgcn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  efface, 
biot  out,  destroy. 

ber  £ifcfy,  -(e)g,  -e,  table  ;  nadj 
£ild),  after  dinner. 

ber  £tfd)(er,  -g,  -,  cabinet 
maker,  carpenter. 

ber  £itel,  -8,  -,  title,  heading. 

ber  Xo'bad  or  Xobaf,  -(e)g,  -e, 
archaic  for  Ja'baf,  tobacco. 

bte  £otf)ter,  -,  K,  daughter. 

ba«  £6cf)terrf)en,  -g,  -,  dim., 
(dear  or  nice)  little  daughter. 

ber  £ob,  -(e)«,  -e  or  Sobegfiitte, 
death. 

tiincn,  iw/r.  (fjaben),  to  sound, 
ring. 

bag  £or,  -(e)g,  -c,  gate,  gate- 
way ;  door,  arch,  doorway. 

tbrtd)t,  adj.,  foolish,  mad. 

ber  £ortt)eg,  -(e)g,  -e,  doorway, 
archway,  gateway. 

tbten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  kill,  murder. 

traa.cn  (tragt),  true,  f>at  getragen, 
tr.,  to  bear,  carry  ;  endure  ; 
wear  ;  refl.,  be  carried  ;  = 
abtragen,  to  wear  out  ;  worn, 
old  ;  as  noun,  ba3  Iragen, 
-g,  carrying. 

bte  irago'bie,  -,  -n  (pron.  te 
=  je).  tragedy. 

bte  2rane,  -,  -n,  tear. 

bte  Xrouftc,  -,  -n,  grape,  cluster 
of  grapes. 

traucn,  intr.  (dat.)  (fjaben),  to 
trust. 

trauHt^,  adj.,  confiding,  inti- 
mate, cordial  ;  cheery  ; 


friendly,  affectionate  ;  •  fa- 
miliar ;  cozy,  comfortable. 

ber  £raum,  -(e)3,  fle,  dream, 
reverie. 

troumcrtfcft,  adj.,  dreamy. 

traun,  inter j.,  truly !  indeed ! 
forsooth  ! 

traurig,  adj.,  sad,  melancholy, 
sorrowful,  unpleasant. 

ber  £raurinfl,  -(e)«,  -e,  wedding 
ring. 

traut,  adj.,  beloved,  dear, 
trusted  ;  as  noun,  bte  Jraute, 
the  beloved  one. 

treffen  (trifft),  traf,  f)at  getroffen, 
tr.,  to  strike,  hit  ;  meet,  find  ; 
touch  ;  agree,  coincide  ; 
wound,  hurt  ;  treffenb,  ap- 
propriate, felicitous,  cutting. 

treffUd),  adj.,  admirable,  ex- 
cellent ;  adv.,  well  ;  as 
noun,  ba«  Jreffttcfye,  noble 
deed. 

trct&en,  trteb,  fyat  getrteben,  tr., 
to  drive,  urge  on  ;  impel  ; 
impersonal,  eg  trieb  tnicf), 
I  was  impelled,  I  had  the 
impulse  ;  as  noun,  bag 
Iretben,  -g,  wandering. 

rrcnncn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  separate, 
part  ;  refl.,  dissolve. 

bte  £reWe,  -,  -n,  stairs,  flight 
of  steps. 

tretcn  (trttt),  trat,  tft  getreten, 
intr.,  to  tread,  step,  go,  walk  ; 
tr.  (fjaben),  tread  out ;  feljlte 
tretenb,  made  a  misstep. 

trcu,  adj.,  true,  trusty,  faith- 
ful. 


Jrcite 


iibcrnll 


bie  Jreue,  -,  fidelity,  loyalty, 
faithfulness. 

trculicf),  adv.,  faithfully. 

ber  £rieb,  -(e)g,  -e,  impulse, 
instinct,  inclination,  bent. 

tricfcn,  troff,  hat  getroffen,  intr. 
or  reg.,  to  drip. 

rrinfen,  tranf,  bat  gerrunfen,  tr. 
and  intr.,  to  drink  ;  as  noun, 
bag  Jrinfen,  -g,  drinking  ; 
something  to  drink. 

ber  Xrttt,  -(e)g,  -e,  step,  kick. 

ber  Jrorf)a'u5,  -,  -(tt)en,  trochee, 
a  verse  foot  consisting  of  a  long 
and  a  short  syllable,  —  ^ . 

trorfcn,  adj.,  dry. 

trorfnen,  tr.  (haben),  to  dry. 

ber  Xrog,  -(e)g,  "e,  trough. 

bie  Trommel,  -,  -n,  drum. 

bie  Jrompe'te,  -,  -n,  trumpet. 

ber  Iroft,  -(e)g,  comfort,  con- 
solation. 

trbftett,  tr.,  to  console,  comfort  ; 
getroftet,  comforted,  with  a 
light  heart. 

troftluf),  adj.,  comforting. 

ber  Trote,  -eg,  defiance,  ob- 
stinacy. 

ber  Xrobfopf,  -(e)g,  "e,  stubborn 
head,  headstrong  fellow. 

triiben,  tr.  (haben),  to  roil,  make 
turbid  or  muddy  ;  trouble, 
sadden,  cloud  ;  refl.,  be- 
come overcast,  grow  dark. 

ba«  Iriibfal,  -8,  -e,  trouble, 
adversity,  affliction. 

rriigctt,  trog,  ^at  getrogen,  tr.  and 
intr.,  to  deceive. 

triiglicf),  adj.,  deceptive,  illusive. 


bie  XruUe,  -,  -n,  trollop,  huzzy, 
wench. 

bag  Trimmer,  -$,  -,  plu.,  frag- 
ments, ruins,  debris. 

ber  Iritnf,  -(e)8,  tte,  drink,  draft. 

ber  Xrupp,  -(e)g,  -e,  troop,  band. 

bag  £i»d),  -(e)g,  "er,  cloth,  ma- 
terial ;  =  Jafc^entud),  hand- 
kerchief. 

tiiciuiflr  adj.,  capable,  able, 
strong,  large. 

bie  Xiirfc,  -,  -n,  spite,  malice, 
craft. 

tiitfifd),  adj.,  crafty,  tricky, 
malicious,  spiteful. 

bie  Xugcnb,  -,  -en,  virtue. 

tugcnbftaft,  adj.,  virtuous,  good. 

tun,  tat,  hat  getan,  tr.  and  intr., 
to  do,  act,  make  ;  Scfjmte 
tun,  to  take  steps. 

bie  £iir(e),  -,  -n,  door,  gate. 

ber  £urm,  -(e)g,  "e,  tower. 

U 

ubel,  adj.,  evil,  ill,  wrong  ;  adv., 
ill^  badly. 

bag  Ubel,  -g,  -,  evil,  ill,  wrong  ; 
unpleasantness,  trouble,  mis- 
chief, misfortune. 

iiben,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  exercise, 
practice  ;  employ,  train  ; 
show  ;  geiibt,  skilled,  prac- 
ticed. 

itber,  prep.  (dat.  and  ace.),  adv., 
sep.  and  insep.  pref.,  over, 
above  ;  by,  by  way  of, 
across  ;  beyond  ;  on  account 
of,  on,  about,  concerning. 

iibcrall',  adv.,  everywhere. 


iiUcrliotflcn 


85 


urn 


ii'berbcitgen,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to 

bend    over  ;     refl.,    bend    or 

stoop  over. 
iiberblct'ben,   uberblteb,   ift  iiber= 

blieben,  inlr.,  to  be  left,  remain 

over  ;     liberblieben,  adj.,  left 

over,  remaining. 
iiberbUrf' en,  insep.  tr.  (fyaben),  to 

overlook,  survey,  look  down 

upon. 
iibercilt',  part.  adj.   (iiberet'Ien), 

hasty,  rash,  precipitate, 
bie  iiberct'Iung,  -,  -en,  rashness, 

precipitation,     overhastiness, 

extreme  haste, 
iiberfat'lcn    (iiberfatlt),    iiberftel, 

t»at    iiberfalten,     tr.,     to     fall 

upon,  attack,  surprise, 
ber    it'berfhifj,    -(ff)e3,    plenty, 

abundance,  superfluity. 
iiberge'bcn  (itbergibt),  iibergab,  fyat 

iibergeben,    tr.,    to    give    over, 

surrender  ;    deliver, 
ii'bcrgepacft,    part.    adj.    (ti'ber= 

pacfen),  =  iiberparft',        over- 
packed,      overloaded,      piled 

high. 
iibergie'feen,    iibergofe,    fjat    iiber= 

goffen,    tr.,    to    pour    over  ; 

suffuse  ;    cover, 
iibergof'fen,     part.    adj.     (tiber= 

gtefeen),  suffused,  covered  with. 
iiberlttf'fen    (iiberlafet),    ilberliefe, 

tjat   liberlaffen,    tr.    (dat.),    to 

intrust,    leave,     give     over  ; 

refl.,   give    way   to,    abandon 

one's  self  to. 
iiberle'gen,  insep.  tr.  (faben),  to 

reflect,  consider. 


iibermutig,  adj.,  haughty,  im- 
pertinent, insolent,  mischiev- 
ous. 

it  bent  ad) 'ten,  insep.  inlr.  (Ijaben), 
to  spend  the  night. 

tt'bcrparfen,  sep.  tr.  (fyaben),  = 
itberparf'en,  to  overpack,  over- 
load, pile  high  ;  iibergepadft, 
overloaded. 

iiberra'f(f)cn,  insep.  tr.  (^aben),  to 
surprise,  take  unawares  ;  as 
noun,  bie  Uberrafdjte,  one  taken 
by  surprise. 

ii'bcrrcif,  adj.,  over-ripe. 

ii'berrfyct'nifd),  adj.,  across  the 
Rhine,  transrhenian. 

bie  iiberfe^'ung,  -,  -en,  trans- 
lation. 

iibernrie'gen,  iiberroog,  f)at  iiber= 
ttiogen,  tr.,  to  outweigh,  sur- 
pass, prevail  ;  ubernnegenb, 
resistless,  all-prevailing,  pre- 
ponderant. 

ber  ij'bcrjug,  -(e)8,  "e,  case, 
covering,  pillow-case,  sheet  ; 
coat. 

itbrtg,  adj.,  over,  left,  remain- 
ing ;  ilbrig  bletben,  to  be  left 
over,  remain  ;  as  noun,  bad 
Ubrtge,  the  rest,  that  remain- 
ing ;  bie  Ubrtgen,  those  re- 
maining. 

bie  itbitng,  -,  -en,  exercise, 
practice. 

ba«  lifer,  -3,  -,  shore,  bank. 

um,  prep,  (ace.),  adv.,  sep.  and 
insep.  pref.,  near,  about, 
around  ;  for,  concerning, 
with  regard  to  ;  about 


umormcn 


umtrcibcn 


(time)  ;      at  ;      unt  .  .  .  gu 

(with  inf.),  to,  in  order  to  ; 

unt    fo    mefjr,    so    much    the 

more  ;    urn  DieleS,  for  a  great 

deal, 
umar'men,  insep.  Ir.  (fjaben),  to 

embrace. 

bie  Umar'tmmg,  -,  -en,  embrace, 
um'bilben,    sep.   tr.    (fjaben),   to 

transform,  fashion  anew, 
ber  llmfang,    -(e)8,   "e,   circuit, 

range,  extent,  circumference. 
umfan'gett  (umfangt),  umfing,  b,at 

umfangen,    tr.,     to    embrace, 

enfold. 

ber  Umgong,  -(e)«,  "t,   associa- 
tion,   intercourse,    company, 

society,  conversation, 
umge'bcn    (umgtbt),   umgab,   f>at 

umgeben,     tr.,     to     surround, 

inclose, 
um'gcbilbet,     part.     adj.     (urn* 

bilben),    transformed,    refash- 
ioned, made  new. 
itmge'ften,  umgtng,  fiat  umgangen, 

tr.,    to   go   around,    traverse, 

inspect. 
itm'gef<f)Iagen,   part.    adj.  (urn* 

fcfytagen),  upset,  overturned. 
umgetrteben,     part.     adj.     (um= 

treiben),         driven         about, 

harassed,  outcast, 
limber',    adv.     and    sep.    pref., 

around,  round  about. 
iimf)er'f($ltngen,    fdjlang    umfjer, 

Ijat   um()ergef(^Iungen,   tr.   and 

refl.,  to  wind  about,  encircle. 
umf)cr'fd}roetfen,  sep.  intr.  (fein), 

to  roam  around. 


umfter'fcfecn,  sep.  tr.  (f»aben),  to 
set  around,  place  about. 

umfier'sicfyen,  jog  umfjer,  tft 
umfjergegogen,  intr.,  to  rove 
around,  wander  about. 

umljiil'Ien,  insep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
ir.fold,  veil,  envelop  ;  wrap 
about. 

um'fcfiren,  sep.  tr.  (fein),  to  turn 
around  or  back. 

umfdjat'tcn,  insep.  tr.  (b,aben), 
to  shade  ;  umfcfjcittet,  shaded. 

um'irfjfagcn  (fc^Iagt  um),  fc^Iug 
urn,  {»at  umgefc^Iagen,  tr.,  to 
upset,  overturn  ;  knock  down ; 
intr.  (fein),  be  overturned. 

umfdjla'gcn  (umfdjlftgt),  umfrfilug, 
^at  umfd^Iagen,  tr.,  to  wrap 
about,  envelop,  fall  around. 

umfcfyttc'ftcn,  umf^Iofe,  fjat  urn- 
fc^Ioffen,  tr.,  to  infold,  em- 
brace. 

iimfcftroc'bcn,  insep.  tr.  (fjaben), 
to  hover  or  float  around. 

ber  Um'frf)rt)eif,  -(e)S,  -e,  found- 
about  way  ;  circumlocution, 
digression. 

um'fefyen  (fiefjt  um),  faf)  um,  ft,at 
umgefef)en,  refl.,  to  look 
around  ;  umfefjen  nao),  to 
look  around  for. 

umfonft',  adv.,  in  vain,  uselessly. 

umftrtrf'en,  insep.  tr.  (baber),  to 
ensnare,  catch  (in  nets). 

umfum'tnen,  insep.  tr.  (fjnben), 
to  buzz  or  hum  around. 

iim'rrciben,  trieb  um,  ^ot  um= 
getrteben,  tr.,  to  drive  around, 
buffet  about. 


umtun 


87 


ungefaumt 


um'tun.  tat  um,  bat  umgetan,  refl., 
to  make  inquiries  among 
(bet)  ;  inquire  for  (nacf)). 

iimwal'len,  insep.  tr.  (tjaben), 
to  float  around,  surround. 

ber  Um'roeg,  -(e)8,  -e,  round- 
about way  ;  detour,  by-path. 

um'tt>iU)(en,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
undermine,  overturn,  plow 
up. 

umsau'ncn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  fence 
about,  inclose  with  a  hedge. 

un'abltiinatg,  adj.,  independent. 

unabfaf'ftflr  adj.,  incessant,  un- 
ceasing, continual. 

utwbfcft/Hrf),  adj.,  =  unabfefybar, 
out  of  sight,  farther  than  the 
eye  can  reach. 

un'angcne^m,  adj.,  unpleasant, 
disagreeable  ;  as  noun,  ba3 
Unangenefyrrtfte,  the  most  un- 
pleasant happenings. 

bie  lln'art,  -,  -en,  bad  manners, 
rudeness,  naughtiness. 

un'bebeutenb,  part,  adj.,  insig- 
nificant, unimportant,  tri- 
fling ;  as  noun,  ba3  Unbe= 
beutenbe,  the  unimportant. 

unbcfiait'en,  part.  adj.  (befjauen), 
unhewn,  uncut. 

un'befannt,  part,  adj.,  (fennen), 
unknown,  unfamiliar. 

un'befdjenft,  part.  adj.  (be= 
fc^enfen),  without  a  gift. 

un'befonncn,  part.  adj.  (befmnen), 
thoughtless,  indiscreet,  in- 
considerate. 

unbcrucfl'Hd),  adj.,  motionless, 
immovable. 


unbertJcgt',  part.  adj.  (betoegen), 
unmoved. 

bie  Un'tiitt,  -,  Unbtlben,  injury, 
wrong,  injustice. 

unb,  conj.,  and  ;  unb  ftienn,  = 
menn  au<^,  even  if. 

tinenb'Hd),  adj.,  unending,  end- 
less, infinite. 

unentbefir'lid),  adj.,  indispen- 
sable. 

un'erfabjen,  part.  adj.  (erfafjren), 
inexperienced. 

bag  Unerforfdf'ltdje,  -n,  -n,  (adj. 
as  noun),  the  impenetrable, 
unexplorable. 

tin'crmiibct,  part.  adj.  (ermiiben), 
unwearied,  untiring. 

itn'crmub'lid),  adj.,  untireable, 
incessant. 

uncr ttmr'tet,  part.  adj.  (ermarten), 
unforeseen,  unexpected. 

ber  lln'fatt,  -(e)^,  "e,  mishap, 
accident,  misfortune,  dis- 
aster. 

un'gcbdrbtg,  adj.,  rude,  unman- 
nerly ;  in  an  unseemly  man- 
ner. 

bie  Un'gcbulb,  -,  impatience. 

un'gcbulbig,  adj.,  impatient,  anx- 
ious ;  as  noun,  ber  Un= 
gebulbige,  the  impatient  per- 
son. 

wt'gered)t,  adj.,  unjust,  unfair. 

un'gern,  adv.,  reluctantly,  un- 
willingly ;  with  a  verb,  not 
to  wish  or  like  to. 

ungefciumt',  part.  adj.  (fttumen), 
prompt,  immediate  ;  adv., 
at  once,  without  delay. 


lliuiliicf 


88 


umuilliii 


ba«  Un'glurf,  -«,  UnflliicfSfalle, 
misfortune,  adversity,  dis- 
tress, unhappiness. 

bie  UntDerftiat',  -,  -en  (pron. 
toer),  university. 

un'funbig,  adj.,  unacquainted 
with  (gen.). 

un'lciblid)  or  itnleib'licf),  adj.,  in- 
tolerable, insufferable. 

unmog'Hd),  adj.,  impossible  ; 
as  noun,  bag  UnmogltcJje,  im- 
possibilities. 

un'mutig,  adj.,  cross,  ill- 
humored,  out  of  sorts. 

ber  Un'rat,  -(e)3,  rubbish,  ref- 
use. 

bag  Un'rccftt,  -8,  wrong,  in- 
justice ;  unrest  fjaben,  to  be 
wrong  ;  mit  Unrest,  wrong- 
fully, be  wrong  in. 

un'rulng,  adj.,  restless,  troubled, 
disturbed. 

un'fd)ab(id),  adj.,  harmless,  in- 
offensive, innocent. 

un3,  personal  pron.  (ace.  0/tt)tr), 
us  ;  reciprocal,  each  other. 

bie  Un'fdjitlb,  -,  innocence. 

un'fer,  unfre,  possessive  adj.  and 
pron.,  our,  ours  ;,  as  noun. 
bie  Unfertt,  our  people. 

un'fidjer,  adj.,  uncertain,  in- 
secure, unsteady,  waver- 
ing. 

un'ten,  adv.,  below,  beneath, 
down  ;  down-stairs. 

un'ter,  prep.  (dat.  and  ace.), 
adv.,  sep.  and  insep.  pref., 
under,  beneath  ;  between, 
among  ;  during,  in. 


un'ter,  comparative  adj.,  lower, 
inferior  ;  unterft,  superlative, 
lowest,  at  the  bottom. 

unterbriid'en,  insep.  tr.  (fjaben), 
to  oppress,  suppress. 

imteretnan'bcr,  adv.,  with  one 
another,  together  ;  mutually. 

unterfyaCtcn  (unterfjalt),  unter= 
{jtelt,  f)at  unterfjalten,  tr.,  to 
support  ;  entertain  ;  refl., 
amuse  one's  self,  entertain, 
converse. 

bcr  Hn'terfdjieb,  -(e)S,  -e,  differ- 
ence, distinction. 

un'terfi,  adj.,  lowest,  at  the 
bottom. 

bie  Hnterfriife'iing,  -,  -en,  as- 
sistance, support  ;  prop, 
underpinning. 

bie  Hn'treu(e),  -,  unfaithfulness, 
inconstancy. 

un'Derbtent,  part.  adj.  (oerbienen), 
undeserved,  unmerited. 

un'Bertragltd),  adj.,  intolerable, 
irreconcilable  ;  quarrelsome, 
unsociable  ;  hard  to  get 
along  with. 

unucrrocrfluf),  adj.,  unobjection- 
able, unimpeachable,  irre- 
futable. 

unBerscift'lid),  adj.,  inexcusable, 
unpardonable. 

unuoflen'bet,  part.  adj.  (»ol(en= 
ben),  incomplete,  unfinished. 

im't)orftd|rtg,  adj.,  improvident, 
imprudent,  careless. 

unroiberftefi'lid),  adj.,  irresistible. 

un'ratQtg,  adj.,  indignant,  angry, 
displeased. 


unttmrbig 


89 


tterbanfen 


un'ftwrbig,       adj.,       unworthy 

(hence  incapable). 
un'sufrieben,  adj.,  dissatisfied. 
bte  Ura'nia,  -,  proper  name,  Ura- 

nia, the  Muse  of  astronomy. 


ber  SBotcr,  -3,   tt,  father  ;      an- 

cestor ;    husband  (familiar). 
bag  SSoterlonb,  -(e)3,  fatherland, 

native  land. 
tmtcrttd),  adj.,  fatherly,  paternal, 

ancestral. 
bte  SBaterftabt,  -,  native  city  or 

town,  birthplace. 
Denetia'nifd),  adj.  (pron.  toenejt), 

Venetian  ;     Sknetiamfdje  @bt= 

gramme,   Venetian     Epigrams, 

a  collection  of  Goethe's  poems. 
fcer-,    unaccented,    insep.    pref., 

out,     away,      to     an     end  ; 

amiss. 
tocrodj'ten,  tr.  (fiaben),  to  despise, 

scorn,  condemn. 
toeraCtet,    part.    adj.    (beralten), 

out-of-date,  antiquated. 
toerd'n'bern,     tr.      (f)aben),       to 

change,     transform  ;       intr., 

make    changes,    alter  ;     refl., 

change,    be    changed,    vary  ; 

Deranbert,      changed,      trans- 

formed. 
bte      SBera'n'b(e)ritng,     -,     -en, 

change,  alteration,  repairs. 
toerar'men,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  make 

poor,  impoverish  ;     as  noun, 

ber    Serarmte,    impoverished 

person. 


toerban'nen,  tr.  (fiaben),  to  banish, 

outlaw,  proscribe  ;    berbannt, 

banished,  in  exile,  tabooed.. 
tterber'gen  (oerbtrgt),  toerbarg,  bat 

berborgen,  tr.,  to  hide,  conceal, 

contain  ;        guard,    shelter  ; 

refl.,    be    hidden;    berborgen, 

hidden,  secret. 

berbef'fern,  tr.   (fjaben),  to  im- 
prove, make  better. 
Ucrbin'ben,  berbanb,  b,at  berbunben, 

tr.,    to   bind,    unite,    marry  ; 

place  under  obligation  ;  refl., 

marry  (mtt). 
bte  fficrbin'bung,  -,  -en,  union, 

association  ;    marriage. 
ticrbor'gcn,  part.  adj.  (berbergen), 

hidden,  concealed,  secret, 
tierbrannt',      part.     adj.      (ber= 

brennen),  burned. 
Dcrbrou'nen,     tr.     (f)aben),     to 

brown,  discolor,  tarnish  ;  ber= 

braunt,  tarnished, 
bag   SSerbre'cfyen,   -8,   -,   crime, 

offense,  misdemeanor, 
ber  SSerbre'cfyer,  -8/  -,  criminal, 

malefactor. 
bcrbrct'ten,  tr.  (baben),  to  spread 

out,  expand  ;  berbrettet,  wide, 

broad. 
tierfcren'ncn,  berbrannte,  f»at  ber= 

brannt,    tr.,    to    burn,    singe. 

scorch  ;    consume. 
tterbiin'ben,  tr.  (f>aben),  to  ally  ; 

unite  in  a  league  ;    berbilnbet, 

allied,  leagued  together. 
bcrbun'bcn,  part.  adj.  (berbtnben), 

united,  joined  together. 
Berbcnf'cn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  owe, 


tierbcrfen 


90 


bergletdien 


be    indebted    for,    have     to  j 
thank  for. 

tierbcrf'en,  tr.  (fjoben),  to  cover 
(up)  ;  Derberft,  covered. 

Berber  'ben  (oerbtrbt),  oerbarb,  fjat 
Derborben,  also  reg.,  tr.,  to 
spoil,  ruin,  corrupt  ;  Der= 
berbt,  degenerate,  depraved, 
corrupt. 

toerbcrb'Hdj,  adj.,  destructive. 

Uerbie'nen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  earn  ; 
deserve,  merit  ;  be  worthy  of. 

ba3  SBerbienft',  -(e)8,  -e,  merit, 
desert ;  nadj  33erbienft,  as  de- 
served, according  to  deserts. 

Derbop'peln,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  re- 
double, quicken. 

toerbrte'tfen,  Derbrofj,  fjat  ber= 
broffen,  tr.,  to  vex,  grieve, 
provoke. 

tierbrtefe'Iirf),  adj.,  vexed,  an- 
noyed, cross,  sullen  ;  annoy- 
ing, vexatious. 

ber  JBerbrufe',  -(ff)e«,  annoyance, 
irritation,  vexation. 

tterbun'feht,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  dim, 
darken,  obscure  ;  outclass, 
eclipse  ;  Derbunfelt,  out- 
classed, quite  cast  in  the 
shade  ;  as  noun,  ba$  %$&- 
bunfeln,  -g,  darkening,  ob- 
scuring. 

tierefy'ren,  tr.  (f)aben),  to  honor, 
respect,  revere  ;  bestow, 
present,  honor  with  a  gift. 

bte  SBereft/rung,  -,  respect,  honor, 
veneration. 

toerctn'igen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  unite. 

ttcrfal'tcn    (DerfoUt),    Derfiel,    tft 


Derfatten,  intr.,  to  fall  down, 
go  to  ruin,  get  out  of  repair  ; 
Derfatfen,  in  ruins. 

Derfau'Ien,  intr.  (fetn),  to  decay, 
rot. 

Bcrfcr'tigen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  con- 
struct, make,  prepare,  manu- 
facture ;  berferttgt,  made, 
manufactured. 

uerfol'gcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  follow, 
pursue,  aim  at  ;  study. 

»erfiifi/renf  tr.  (fjaben),  t»  lead 
astray,  mislead  ;  Dcrfiifjrt, 
misled,  led  astray. 

Dergang'Hd),  adj.,  perishable, 
transient,  fleeting,  tempo- 
rary ;  worthless. 

Bcrge'bcn  (oergtbt),  oergub,  I)at 
Oergeben,  tr.,  to  forgive. 

ticrgc'bcn^,  adv.,  in  vain,  to  no 
purpose. 

Bergeb'Hd),  adj.,  vain,  useless, 
idle,  fruitless  ;  needless, 
unnecessary  ;  adv.,  in  vain. 

ttcrgc'tjen,  oergtng,  tft  oergangen, 
intr.,  to  pass  away,  cease. 

tjcrget'ten  (bergilt),  oergalt,  fjat 
Dergolten,  tr.,  to  repay,  requite. 

ttcrgcf'fcn  (oergtfet),  ftergafe,  fjat 
ftergeffen,  tr.,  to  forget. 

»ergtc%n,  DergoB,  f)at  Dergoffen, 
tr.,  to  pour  out,  spill,  shed. 

Derglcidj'bar,  adj.,  comparable 
to  (dat.). 

Bcrglct'dicn,  Derglirf),  f)at  &er= 
glicfjcn,  tr.,  to  compare,  equal- 
ize ;  reft.,  resemble,  be 
like,  compare  with  ;  toet* 
gleidjenb,  comparative. 


SBergnitgen 


91 


SBerluft 


bag  SBergnii'gen,  -g,  -,  pleasure, 
satisfaction. 

Bergol'ben,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  gild. 

bte  SSergol'bung,  -,  gilding. 

toerljal'tcn  (berfjaft),  Derfjtelt,  fjat 
feerifjaften,  refl.,  to  be  related  ; 
act,  conduct  one's  self. 

bag  8Serfi,alt'm3,  -(ff)e«,  -(ff)e,  re- 
lation, situation,  circumstance. 

tjerfjar'ren,  intr.  (fjaben  and  fetn), 
to  persevere,  persist  in  (auf)  ; 
adhere  to  (in),  remain,  con- 
tinue. 

tterfjofet',  part.  adj.  (berfjaffen), 
hated,  odious,  hateful. 

t>erf)aii'cf)cn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
breathe  out,  exhale. 

berfjcft/Ien,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  con- 
ceal, hide. 

fcerf)in'bcrn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  hinder, 
prevent. 

toerfjiU'fen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  veil, 
hide,  disguise  ;  cover,  wrap. 

toerfjii'ten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  avert, 
ward  off,  prevent,  guard 
against  (dat.). 

bte  SBertr'rung,  -,  -en,  error, 
madness. 

tocrjiing'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  make 
young,  rejuvenate  ;  refl.,  be- 
come young  again. 

toerfau'fen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  sell. 

ticrfen'nen,  berfannte,  f»at  tter= 
fannt,  tr.,  to  misjudge,  mis- 
understand, misinterpret, 
disregard,  fail  to  recognize. 

toerfltng'en,  oerflang,  ift  ber= 
Hungen,  intr.,  to  die  away 
(of  sounds). 


toerfiht'ben,  lr.  (fjaben),  to  an- 
nounce, proclaim. 

ber  SSerfun'bcr,  -g,  -,  herald, 
announcer,  proclaimer. 

ticrtong'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  long 
for,  desire,  demand,  ask  for  ; 
as  noun,  bag  S3erlangen,  -8, 
longing,  desire. 

toerlaf'fcn  (berlafjt),  fterltefj,  f)at 
berlaffen,  tr.,  to  abandon, 
leave,  desert,  forsake,  give  up. 

tjcrlau'fcn,  part.  adj.  (oerlaufen), 
vagrant,  straggling,  fugitive. 

Derlcbcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  live 
through,  spend  (one's  life). 

tjerle'gen,  part.  adj.  (oerlegen), 
embarrassed,  perplexed,  at  a 
loss. 

bte  *Berle'genf)ett,  -,  -en,  con- 
fusion, embarrassment. 

Derlefe'en,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  injure, 
wound,  offend. 

uerltebt',  part.  adj.  (oerlteben), 
in  love,  beloved  ;  as  noun, 
ber  or  bte  S3erltebte,  beloved 
one,  lover. 

tierUe'ren,  oertor,  fjat  tterloren, 
tr.,  to  lose. 

toerlo'ben,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  betroth, 
affiance,  engage  ;  as  noun, 
ber  or  bte  S?erlobte,  betrothed, 
fiance,  fiancee. 

bie  S3erlo'bung,  -,  -en,  engage- 
ment, betrothal. 

toerto'ren,  part.  adj.  (berlteren), 
lost  ;  as  noun,  bag  25ertorene, 
what  was  lost  ;  bte  frill) 
berlorene,  who  died  young. 

ber  SSerfoft',  -(e)g,  -e,  loss. 


ttcrmcftrcn 


92 


»crfcJ)cn 


tocrntc^'ren,  refl.  and  tr.  (h,aben), 
to  increase,  augment,  mul- 
tiply. 

tiermei'ben,  Dermieb,  tjat  Dermieben, 
tr..  to  avoid,  shun. 

ttermif'fcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  miss, 
feel  the  loss  of,  be  without. 

ttetmb'gen  (oermag),  bertnodjte, 
f)at  Oermoc^t,  tr.,  to  be  able, 
have  the  power,  ability,  or 
capacity  to  do  ;  Dermogenb, 
adj.,  rich,  wealthy,  well- 
to-do  ;  roenig  Dermogenb,  of 
small  means,  with  limited 
resources  ;  as  noun,  bag 
JBertnogen,  -9,  power,  ability, 
faculty  ;  fortune,  means, 
resources  ;  property,  wealth. 

ttcrmum'mcn,  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
mask,  disguise  ;  Dermumntt, 
in  disguise,  masked. 

Dermut'Udj,  adj.,  presumable, 
likely,  supposed,  probable  ; 
adv.,  presumably,  I  suppose. 

toerneti'men  (Dernimmt),  Demount, 
f>at  tternommen,  tr.,  to  hear, 
perceive. 

tiernicfy'ten,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  undo, 
destroy,  annihilate,  bring  to 
naught. 

bie  JBernunft',  -,  reason,  good 
sense,  judgment. 

tierniinf'tig,  adj.,  sensible, 
reasonable,  judicious,  ra- 
tional. 

berpfltc&'ten,  tr.  and  refl.  (fyaben), 
to  obligate,  pledge,  bind. 

tterrtdrten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  do, 
accomplish,  perform. 


ber  SerS,  -e«,  -e,  verse,  strophe, 

stanza. 
Derfa'gen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  deny, 

refuse  ;      as  noun,   bag   S?er= 

fagte,  what  has  been  refused. 
fccrfam'mdn,  tr.  and  refl.  (Ijaben), 

to  gather,  assemble  ;  collect. 
»erfd)enf'cn,  tr.   (tjaben),  to  be- 
stow,    give     away,     dispose 

of. 
tierftfceu'dfen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  drive 

or  scare  away,  frighten  away, 

dispel. 
t>erfrf)ic'bcn,     part.      adj.      (Der* 

f^etben),    various,     different, 

unlike, 
tierft^fte'feen,   oerfcf)Ioc,   f»at   toer* 

fcf)Io|"|"en,  tr.,   to  close,   shut  ; 

lock. 
tteridjltng'en,  berfcfjlang,  f;at  oer= 

fcfilungen,     tr.,     to     swallow, 

consume  ;     engulf  ;     efface  ; 

Oerfdjlingenb,  obscuring, 
berfdjmacfi'tcn,    intr.    (fein),    to 

pine  away,  languish. 
Berf^ma'ftcn,     tr.     (^aben),     to 

scorn,  despise,  disdain, 
bie    SBerfdjo'mtng,    -,    sparing, 

indulgence,         forbearance  ; 

quarter. 
&crfd)iitten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  bury, 

cover  (by  ruins)  ;    overcome, 

overwhelm. 

,  oerfd)manb,  ift  oer= 
intr.,    to    vanish, 

disappear, 
ttcrfe'iien    (oer|'ief)t),    berfat),    fjat 

Derfefjen,  tr.,  to  supply, provide; 

manage,  look  after. 


ttcrfc^en 


93 


toerrtwfjren 


tocrfelj'en,  inlr.  (fyaben),  to 
answer,  reply,  retort 
(quickly). 

Derftdj'ern,  lr.  (fyaben),  to  assure. 

bie  S3erfid)'(e)rung,  -,  -en,  as- 
surance, pledge,  guarantee. 

tjerfifict'ren  =  Derftftjie'ren  (past 
part.  berfifijtert),  intr.  (fyaben), 
(pron.  irer),  to  versify. 

DerfU'&crn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  silver 
(over),  plate  with  silver. 

bag  SBer^mufe,  -eg,  -e,  meter, 
measure. 

bcrfbfj'ncn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  recon- 
cile ;  refl.,  be  reconciled,  make 
one's  peace  with. 

fccrfor'gen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  care 
for,  provide  ;  support  ;  at- 
tend to. 

Uerfpen'ben,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  dis- 
tribute, give  away,  dispose  of. 

fcerfjjot'ten,  tr.  (fjuben),  to  mock, 
make  fun  or  sport  of. 

toerfpredi'en  (Derfpridjt),  berfpradj, 
fyat  berfprodjen,  tr.,  to  prom- 
ise. 

ber  SSerftanb',  -(e)8,  understand- 
ing, mind  ;  sense,  intelli- 
gence ;  fyelier  SSerftanb,  com- 
mon sense. 

berfton'big,  adj.,  wise,  sensible, 
intelligent,  prudent ;  as  noun, 
ber  S3erftanbtge,  sensible  man. 

berftau'ben,  intr.  (fein)  and  refl. 
(fyaben),  to  get  dusty,  be 
covered  with  dust  ;  t>er[taubt, 
dusty. 

Uerfterf'en,  tr.  (^aben),  to  hide, 
conceal  from  (Dor). 


toerfte'l)en,  berftcmb,  Jjat  berftanben, 
tr.,  to  understand  ;  iljr  t)er= 
ftefjt  eS,  you  understand  your 
business. 

bie  aSerftel'Iung,  -,  -en,  misstate- 
ment,  disguise,  hypocrisy  ; 
loss  of  position. 

berfu'cf>en,  tr.  (fyuben),  to  at- 
tempt, try,  test  ;  tempt  ; 
berfudjenb,  searching,  testing, 
tentative. 

toerfit'fecn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to 
sweeten  ;  make  up  for. 

ttertei'bigcn,  tr.  (l)aben),  to  de- 
fend. 

tiertct'Ien,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  dis- 
tribute, allot,  divide,  scatter. 

Uertra'gen  (oertragt),  oertrug,  fyat 
ttertragen,  tr.,  to  bear,  endure, 
put  up  with,  agree  ;  refl., 
be  reconciled  ;  forbear,  be 
conciliatory. 

ticrtrag'ltcf),  adj.,  forbearing, 
conciliatory,  friendly,  peace- 
able. 

tiertrou'en,  tr.  (dat.)  (fjaben),  to 
trust,  confide  in  ;  intrust, 
commit  ;  as  noun,  bag 
SBertrauen,  -3,  trust,  con- 
fidence. 

Dcrrrau'Iid),  adj.,  intimate, 
familiar  ;  private,  confiden- 
tial. 

bertret'bcn,  bertrieb,  f»at  to>r* 
trieben,  tr.,  to  drive  away, 
exile,  banish  ;  as  noun,  bie 
93ertriebenen,  exiles,  emigrants. 

toertoafj'ren,  tr.  (tjaben),  to  keep, 
guard,  preserve. 


toernmUen 


94 


tierwal'ten,  tr.  (b,aben),  to  man- 
age, conduct,  administer. 

Derwan'befn,  tr.  (fjaben)  to  trans- 
form, change  ;  refl.,  be 
changed,  transformed. 

ier  or  bit  JBerttmnb'tc,  -n,  -n, 
relative,  kinsman. 

bte  JBerttmnbt'faaft,  -,  -en,  re- 
lationship, kinship. 

Serwe'gen,  adj.,  bold,  daring, 
audacious,  rash. 

tterWefj'ren,  tr.  (Ijaben),  to  hinder, 
prevent,  resist,  forbid. 

ttcrwei'len,  intr.  (fjaben),  to 
linger,  stay,  tarry. 

BerlDen'ben,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  make 
use  of,  employ,  apply  ;  be- 
stow. 

Dernrir'ren  (reg.  and  past  part. 
toerroorren),  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
confuse,  perplex,  bewilder  ; 
Dernrirrt,  in  confusion. 

bie  SBerwir'rung,  -,  -en,  con- 
fusion, distraction,  perplexity. 

tjcrroor'ren,  part.  adj.  (oernnrren), 
bewildered,  confused  ;  as 
noun,  ber  Skrn>orrene,  one 
confused. 

oerttwn'bett,  tr.  (fyaben),  to 
wound,  hurt,  harm. 

Btrttmn'bern,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  sur- 
prise, amaze,  astonish  ;  as 
noun,  bie  SSertounberte,  one 
astonished. 

Berja'flen,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  de- 
spair, lose  courage,  be  dis- 
mayed. 

toersety'reit,  tr.  (faben),  to  con- 
sume, devour,  waste. 


n,  norjteh,,  ^at  oerjie^cn, 
tr.  (dat.),  to  forgive,  pardon. 

tjcrjie'ren,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  decor- 
ate, adorn,  embellish. 

bte  SBersttJCtf'tung,  -,  despair, 
desperation. 

ba«  Sieft,  -«,  cattle. 

tJtd  (met)r,  mei|t),  adj.,  much,  a 
great  deal  ;  plu.,  many  ;  fo 
ttiel  aurf),  no  matter  how  much. 

Dtclbebiirfenb,  part,  adj.,  exact- 
ing or  needing  much,  causing 
great  need. 

tnelbegef)renb,  part,  adj.,  desir- 
ing much,  greedy. 

Bielfarf),  adj.,  manifold,  of  many 
kinds. 

Dtelgcfaftet,  part,  adj.,  gathered 
closely,  full,  in  many  folds. 

Dtefleidjt',  adv.,  perhaps,  per- 
chance, probably. 

t)ielmal(3),  adv.,  many  times. 

Dtelmefjr',  adv.,  much  more  ; 
conj.,  on  the  contrary,  rather. 

Btelfettig,  adj.,  many-sided,  ver- 
satile, of  many  talents. 

bier,  num.,  four  ;  mere,  archaic 
for  bier. 

t»iert  (-er,  -e,  -e$),  num.  adj., 
fourth. 

baS  SBierteljaforljunbert,  -3,  -e, 
quarter  of  a  century. 

bag  Sogletn,  -3,  -,  dim.,  little 
bird. 

ba«  SSolf,  -(e)«,  Ber,  folk, 
people,  nation  ;  set,  class 
of  people. 

ba«  CoIfSbud),  -(e)3,  aer,  popu- 
lar book,  chap-book. 


SJJotfsIicb 


95 


SB  or 9 often 


ba«  SSottSHeb,  -(e)«,  -er,  folk 
song,  popular  song. 

Doff,  adj.,  adv.,  sep.  and  insep. 
pref.,  full  of  (gen.),  complete, 
whole. 

woflbrtn'gcn,  bottbrodjte,  f)at  boll* 
bradjt,  tr.,  to  complete,  ac- 
complish, perform,  execute, 
do,  carry  on. 

fcoflcn'ben,  insep.  tr.  (fjaben),  to 
finish,  perfect,  end,  com- 
plete, mature  ;  transform  ; 
jum  SJJanne  bottenben,  to  make 
a  man  of  ;  refl.,  be  per- 
fected. 

bte  JBoHen'bung,  -,,  -en,  comple- 
tion, finish,  perfection. 

toottfiifj'rcn,  insep.  tr.  (fyaben),  to 
carry  out,  execute,  complete. 

tobllifl,  adj.,  whole,  entire,  com- 
plete ;  adv.,  fully. 

Dottfum'mcn,  adj.,  perfect. 

ber  SBoflmonb,  -(e)S,  -e,  full 
moon. 

Don,  prep,  (dat.),  of,  from,  by, 
with,  because  of,  about,  con- 
cerning. 

Dor,  prep.  (dat.  and  ace.),  adv., 
and  sep.  accented  pref.,  in 
front  of,  before,  from,  ago  ; 
because  of,  of  ;  above  ;  bor 
client,  above  all,  first  of  all  ; 
in  the  presence  of  all  ;  bor 
fid)  f)tn,  straight  ahead. 

i)orau3'  and  ttor'auS,  adv.  and 
sep.  pref.,  before,  ahead,  in 
advance  ;  beforehand,  pre- 
viously ;  tm  boraug,  in  ad- 
vance, beforehand. 


»orait3'fefien   (fiefjt  borauS),  faf) 

DorauS,  t)at  DoraugQefefyen,  tr., 

to  foresee. 
toorbei',    adv.    and    sep.    pref., 

past,  by,  gone. 
Dorbet'benjegen,  sep.  refl.  (fyaben), 

to  move  past, 
uurbci'tracicn  (tragt  Dorbet),  trug 

Corbet,  fjat  borbetgetragen,  ir., 

to  carry  past. 
tiorbet'steijen,  jog  oorbei,  ift  Borbet= 

gcjogen,  intr.,  to  move  past, 

pass  by. 
tjor'bringen,   brang  bor,  ift  bor* 

gebrungen,  intr.,  to  advance, 

push  forward. 
tjor'eUen,    sep.    intr.    (fetn),    to 

hasten        ahead,        advance 

rapidly. 

ba§  SBor'gefit&X  --«,  -e,  presenti- 
ment, anticipation,  misgiving, 
ttorfjcr',    adv.    and    sep.    pref., 

before,  previously. 
ttorf)cr'gef|enb,   part,   adj.,   fore- 
going, preceding,  preliminary. 
uorl)tn',  adv.,  a  little  while  ago, 

recently. 
toor'fommen,    font  bor,  ift  »or= 

gefomnten,    intr.,    to     occur, 

happen  ;         appear,     seem  ; 

precede,  come  sooner  than, 
tiorn(e),  adv.,  in  front,  before  ; 

bon  borne,  from  the  beginning, 

anew. 
tior'nefymcn   (ntmmt  bor),  nafytn 

bor,  f)at  borgenomnten,  tr.,  to 

take  up,  undertake, 
ber  SBorpoften,  -«,  -,  outpost, 

guard. 


SBorrcbe 


96 


bte  SBorrcbc,  -,  -n,  preface. 

ber    Sorfafe,    -ee,    "t,    purpose, 

design,  resolution. 
bor'frf)ieben,   fdjob  nor,  h,at  toor= 

gefifjoben,  tr.,  to  push  forward 

or  ahead. 
bor'fef)cn  (fiebt  ttor),  fab.  Dor,  b,at 

Dorgefefjen,     /r.,     to     foresee, 

provide  for  ;  refl.,  be  on  one's 

guard,  look  out,  aim,  take  heed, 
bte   SBorftdjt,  -,   -en,    foresight, 

prudence,     caution  ;          nut  j 

93orfid)t,  cautiously. 
corftdjtig,  adj.  prudent,  cautious,  , 

foresighted. 
toor'ftcflett,  sep.  tr.,   to  present, 

introduce  ;    play  for. 
ber  Sortetl,  -3,  -e,  advantage, 

right,  profit. 
Borit'ber,    adv.    and    sep.    pref., 

past,  over,  by. 
toorii'berfu&ren,  sep.  tr.  (b,aben), 

to  lead  past. 
Dorii'bergefjen,   fling   &oriiber,   ift 

boriibergegangen,  inlr.,  to  pass 

by,  go  past. 
Doru'berstefien,    gog    ooriiber,    ift 

Dorilbergegogen,  intr.,  to  go  or 

march  past, 
ttorwfirt^,    adv.   and    sep.  pref., 

forward,  ahead. 
»or'roart3gef)en,    ging    ttornmrts, 

ift  oorreartSgegangen,  intr.,  to 

advance,  go  forward. 
tiorset'ten,     adv.,     formerly,     in 

former  times, 
bte    SPutyilis!,    -,    proper    name, 

Christiane     Vulpius     (1765- 

1816),  the  wife  of  Goethe. 


SB 

ttmcfyfen   (rao^ft),  iuud|«,   ift   ge* 

t»a(f)fen,    intr.,    to    grow,    in- 
crease, (wax). 
ba$  SSodj^tum,  -3,  growth,  plant, 

growing  thing. 
ttmrfer,     adj.,     brave,     sturdy, 

gallant  ;     worthy,  excellent  ; 

as    noun,     ber    SBarfere,    the 

brave  man. 
bie  SSdffe,  -,  -n,  weapon  ;    pin., 

arms, 
bie  2£age,  -,  -n,  scales,  balance  ; 

whiffletree,    cross    bar    of    a 

wagon, 
ttmgcn,  tr.   (fjaben),  to  venture, 

risk,  dare, 
ber    SBagett,    -6,    -,    carriage, 

wagon. 
Wafjlen,  tr.   (Ijaben),  to  choose, 

select;   as  noun,  baS  SSa()Ien, 

-g,  selection,  choosing, 
bie  SB)aI)(Bcrnjanbtftf)aften,   pin., 

Elective     Affinities,      one      of 

Goethe's  novels. 
ber  SBaf)tt,  -(e)£,  delusion,  fancy, 

illusion, 
ttmfjr,  adj.,  true,  genuine,  real  ; 

ntc^t  ftafjr?  is  it  not  true  or 

so? 
tt)fif)renb,    prep,    (gen.),    during, 

in    the    course     of  ;       conj., 

while,  as  long  as. 
bte  28af)rf)Ctt,  -/  ~en/  truth, 
luabrlt^,     adv.,     really,     truly, 

indeed,  verily, 
ber    SBolb,    -(e)«,    "er,     forest, 

wood. 


97 


toegriifen 


her  SBaH,  -(c)«,  %  wall,  bul- 
wark, rampart. 

nmllcn,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  wave, 
surge  ;  boil. 

toaltcn,  intr.  (fyaben),  to  rule, 
sway  ;  manage,  dispose  ; 
administer  (gen.). 

bte  SBonb,  -,  %  wall,   partition. 

toonbcfn,  intr.  (fein  and  Ijoben), 
to  walk,  go,  wander. 

bag  SBanberjafir,  -«,  -e,  year  of 
wandering  or  traveling  ;  2BU= 
fyefrn  9Mftcr3  SBanberjafyre,  one 
of  Goethe's  novels. 

ber  9Banb(e)rer,  -3,  -,  wanderer, 
traveler  ;  pedestrian. 

toonbern,  intr.  (fein),  to  wander, 
travel,  go  ;  stroll  ;  go  from 
one  to  another. 

bte  SBange,  -,  -n,  cheek. 

wanfcn,  intr.  (fein  and  fjaben),  to 
wave  ;  waver,  hesitate,  vac- 
illate. 

bte  SBare,  -,  -n,  ware,  article  ; 
plu.,  goods,  merchandise. 

warm  (toarmer,  to  firm  ft),  adj., 
warm. 

bte  SSfirme,  -,  warmth. 

toarnen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  warn. 

bte  SSarnung,  -,  -en,  warning. 

toarten,  intr.  (gen.  or  usually 
auf  with  ace.)  (fjaben),  to 
wait,  wait  for  ;  tend,  attend 
to. 

toarum',  interrogative  adv.,  why. 

toa3,  interrogative  pron.,  what  ; 
toag  alteS,  whatever  ;  toaS 
fiir,  what  kind  of  ;  =  tote, 
how  ;  =  toarum,  why  ;  in- 


definite   relative    pron.    (often 

u'ith   aud)   or   immer),   what- 
ever ;  =  ettodS,  something,  a 

thing  which, 
bte  SBfifdje,  -,  washing,  laundry  ; 

linen,  clothes. 
toof«^cn  (toafrfit),  toufcfj,  fjat  ge= 

toafc^en,  tr.  and  intr.,  to  wash  ; 

as    noun,    bag    2Bafd)en,    -3, 

washing. 

ba«  SBaffer,  -3,  -,  water, 
ttwffemid),         adj.,         watery, 

abounding  in  water. 
toecfyfeln,  tr.  and  intr.  (fyaben),  to 

change,       exchange,        inter- 
change. 
lucrijfclH'ttifl,     adj.,     reciprocal, 

mutual,      on     all     or     both 

sides. 
ttJcrfen,   tr.    (fjaben),    to    waken, 

rouse, 
ber  SBeg,  -(e)g,  -e,  way,  road  ; 

walk  ;    TnetncS  3Bege3,  on  my 

way. 
to  eg,     adv.    and    sep.     accented 

pref.,  away,  off,  gone, 
ber  SSegebait,  -(e)8,  -e  or  -ten, 

road-building. 
toegcn,    prep,    (gen.),    for    the 

sake  of,  on  account  of. 
toeg'gcfyen,    gtng    toeg,    tft    toeg= 

gegangen,  intr.,  to  go  away. 
toeg'nd)tncn  (ntmmt  toeg),  nab.ni 

toeg,  {»at  toeggenommen,  tr.,  to 

take    away    or    from    (dot.), 

remove  ;        baS    SBort    toeg= 

neljmen,  to  interrupt, 
toeg'rufen,  rtef  toeg,  b,at  toeggerufen. 

tr.,  to  call  away. 


ftegtragcn 


98 


uu'ithiii 


toeg'trogen  (triigt  meg),  trug  meg, 

Ijat  n3eggetragen,  tr.,  to  carry 

away, 
bag  SBef),  -g,  woe  ;     2Bef)  unb 

3ldj  fdjreten,  to  lament,  moan 

and  groan. 

rodicn,  iw/r.  (fjaben),  to  blow, 
ber  SBetylaut,  -(e)g,  -e,  cry  of 

pain,  distress  or  grief, 
bie  2Bef)r(e),  -,  -en,  weapons  ; 

arms,  defense. 
toefjren,  tr.   (fyaben),  to  defend, 

protect  ;    intr.    (dat.),     ward 

off,    check,    prevent  ;      refl., 

defend  one's  self, 
bag  SBeib,  -(e)g,   -er,   woman, 

wife, 
bag  SBetbctyen,  -8,  -,  <Ww.,  little 

wife    or    woman,    dear    little 

wife. 

ftetbUdj,  adj.,  womanly,  feminine. 
ttmd),  adj.,  soft,  gentle,  yielding, 

weak. 
ttietgern,  tr.  and  refl.  (fjaben),  to 

refuse,     deny,     hesitate,     be 

unwilling. 
hjeifjen,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  consecrate, 

devote. 
bag  SBetf)nad)i3gefd>enf,  -(e)«,  -c, 

Christmas  present. 
tocil,  cow/.,  because,  since, 
bie    SBeiie,    -,    time,    leisure  ; 

interval,    while  ;       delibera- 
tion ;   mtt  SSette,  slowly. 
ba«  SBeimar,  -«,  proper  name, 

Weimar,    /Ae    capital    of    the 

Grand  Duchy  of  Saxe-Weimar, 

Germany. 
ber  SBein,  -(e)8,  -e,  wine. 


ber  Steinberg,  -(e)«,  -«,  vine- 
yard. 

toeincn,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  weep, 
cry,  (whine)  ;  as  noun,  bag 
SBeinen,  -8,  weeping,  crying  ; 
bie  SSetnenbe,  one  who  is 
crying. 

Jocif(c),  adj.,  wise,  prudent  ; 
as  noun,  ber  2Betfe,  sage, 
philosopher,  wise  man. 

bie  SBeife,  -,  -n,  way,  manner  ; 
auf  eigene  SSeife,  in  one's  own 
way  ;  nacf)  fetner  SBetfe,  in 
its  own  (proper)  way. 

weifeit,  rt)ie«,  fyat  gewiefen,  tr.,  to 
point  out,  show. 

bie  9Sei3b,cit,  -,  wisdom,  discre- 
tion, prudence, 
teltd),  adj.,  wise,  prudent. 
tij,  adj.,  white. 

ttjctjten,  tr.  ({>aben),  to  whiten, 
whitewash,  paint  white. 

tt»ett,  adj.,  wide,  broad,  long, 
far,  distant  ;  as  noun,  bag 
SSeitre,  the  rest,  what  re- 
mains ;  im  SBeiten  bletben, 
to  be  postponed,  be  uncer- 
tain, remain  far  off  ;  Itcit 
unb  breit,  far  and  wide  ; 
fetn  hmtereg  2Bort,  not  another 
word. 

rtm'tcr  (comparative  of  toeit), 
adv.  and  sep.  pref.,  farther, 
further,  on,  onward. 

toct'tcrjtc^cn,  jog  metier,  ift  roeiter= 
gejogen,  intr.,  to  proceed,  go 
on. 

tt)eitf)in',  adv.,  far  away,  to  a 
great  distance. 


nu1  it  I)  in  a  ii-,- 


99 


SBetterwolfe 


',  adv.,  far  in  the 
distance,  far  out. 

toetd)  (-er,  -e,  -eg),  interroga- 
tive and  relative  adj.  and  pron., 
who,  which,  what  ;  that. 

Wclfen,  intr.  (fein),  wither,  fade, 
die  ;  as  noun,  bag  SBelfen, 
-g,  withering,  fading,  dying. 

bie  SSelt,  -,  -en,  world,  earth. 

bcr  SSeltbiirgcr,  -g,  -,  cos- 
mopolitan, citizen  of  the 
world. 

bag  aBeltgebSube,  -g,  -,  world- 
structure,  universe. 

toeltltrf),  adj.,  worldly,  of  the 
world  ;  secular,  temporal, 
profane. 

rticnben,  toanbte,  fyat  getoanbt,  or 
reg.  tr.  and  intr.,  to  face 
about,  turn  ;  gettmnbt,  having 
turned  about  ;  adroit,  clever, 
dexterous. 

bie  2Senbung,  -,  -en,  turn, 
curve,  wheeling  ;  period. 

Wcnig,  adj.,  little,  few  ;  as 
noun,  bag  SBenige,  little  ; 
jum  toenigften,  at  least  ;  am 
toentgften,  least  of  all  ;  tt)enig= 
fteng,  at  least. 

toenn,  conj.,  if,  when,  when- 
ever ;  toenn  aud),  even  if, 
although  ;  toenn  nur,  if 
only,  provided  that  ;  toenn 
nidjt,  if  not,  unless. 

ttJCt,  interrogative  pron.,  who  ; 
indefinite  relative  pron.  (often 
with  aud)  or  tmmer),  whoever, 
he  who. 

ttjcrben    (roirbt),   toarb,   ^at   ge= 


Worbcn,  lr.,  to  woo,  sue  for 
(nad)),  try  to  get,  seek, 
engage  ;  intr.  (with  imt), 
woo,  sue  for. 

hjcrben  (ttrirb),  marb  or  ttmrbe,  ift 
gemorben,  intr.,  to  become,  be, 
grow,  happen  ;  future  auxil- 
iary, shall,  will  ;  toerben  .  .  . 
ju,  to  become,  turn  into  ; 
bag  ift  mir  gettorben,  that  is 
my  thanks  or  reward. 

toerfen  (ttnrft),  ttarf,  b,at  ge= 
luorfen,  tr.,  to  throw,  cast. 

ba3  aScrt,  -(e)«,  -e,  work. 

bie  SBerfftatt,  -,  "e,  workshop. 

Wcrt,  adj.,  worth,  of  value  ; 
dear,  esteemed  ;  worthy  of 
(gen.)  ;  toert  madjen,  to  en- 
noble, make  valuable. 

ber  SScrt,  -(e)«,  -e,  worth, 
value. 

ber  SSctt^cr,  -3,  proper  name, 
Werther,  the  hero  of  one  of 
Goethe's  novels. 

bag  SBcfen,  -«,  -,  being,  nature, 
existence  ;  behavior,  man- 
ner ;  essence  ;  condition  of 
affairs,  regime. 

tt)cftoftad),fl4/.,west-east ;  SBeftoft* 
ltdjer  J}tDan,  a  collection  of 
Goethe's  poems. 

ba«  SBetter,  -«,  -,  weather, 
storm. 

tt)cttcrlcurf)ten,  intr.  and  imper- 
sonal, to  lighten  ;  Wetter^ 
Ieud)tenb,  with  flashes  of  heat 
lightning. 

bie  933etrerwolfe,  -,  -it,  storm 
cloud. 


100 


bag  SBefelar,  -«,  proper  name, 
Wetzlar,  a  German  city  33 
miles  northwest  of  Frankfort, 
formerly  the  seat  of  the 
Imperial  Chancery. 

iwdjttg,  adj.,  weighty,  im- 
portant, significant. 

ber  SBirfel,  -3,  -,  plu.,  swaddling 
clothes,  wrapping. 

rotrfcln,  tr.  (fcaben),  to  wrap 
(up),  wind. 

tmber,  prep,  (ace.),  adv.,  and 
insep.  pref.,  against,  contrary 
to. 

tt)iberfpre'd)ett(nHberfprtdjt),nnber= 
fprad),  fjat  nriberfprocfyen,  intr. 
(dat.),  to  contradict,  oppose. 

nnberfte'f)en,  nriberftanb,  bat  nriber* 
ftanben,  intr.  (dat.},  to  resist, 
withstand. 

ber  SBi'berttnfle(n),  -n3,  aver- 
sion, disgust,  displeasure. 

ttrie,  adv.,  how,  in  what  way  ; 
conj.,  how,  as,  as  if,  just  as, 
than,  like,  when  ;  tote 
audj,  however  much. 

ttricbcr,  adv.,  sep.  (accented),  and 
insep.  Pref.,  again,  anew, 
once  more  ;  tnuner  toieber, 
again  and  again. 

nrie'berbegegnen,  sep.  intr.  (dat.), 
(fetn),  to  meet  again,  treat  in 
return. 

tme'berbringett,  bracljte  roteber,  ftat 
nriebergebradjt,  tr.,  to  bring 
back,  restore. 

ttne'bererfdjetnen,  erf($ten  toieber, 
ift  rotebererfdjienen,  intr.,  to 
appear  again,  reappear. 


loic'berfinben,  fanb  tpteber,  h,at 
nnebergefunben,  tr.,  to  find 
again,  meet  again  ;  refl.,  to 
find  one  another  again. 

nrie'bergeben  (gtbt  nneber),  gab 
roieber,  fjat  roiebergegeben,  tr.,  to 
give  back,  return. 

bte  SBic'bergeburt,  -,  -en,  new 
birth,  renaissance. 

rotebcrtjot'cn,  insep.  tr.  (Ijaben), 
to  repeat,  review. 

roie'berfefjren,  sep.  intr.  (fetn), 
to  return. 

nrie'bcrfnitpfen,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben), 
to  reunite,  bind  or  fasten 
again. 

wte'bcrfommen  fam  niteber,  ift 
ttriebergefommen,  intr.,  to  come 
back,  return. 

rote'berfrtcgen,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben), 
to  get  again,  replace. 

rote'berfefiett  (ftefjt  ftiteber),  fa^ 
mteber,  fjat  totebergefefien,  tr.,  to 
see  again. 

rotef)ern,  intr.  (^aben),  to  neigh. 

ber  JfiHelanb,  -$,  proper  name, 
Christoph  Martin  Wieland 
(1733-1813),  a  prominent  Ger- 
man epic  poet,  critic,  and 
translator. 

bte  SSMefe,  -,  -n,  meadow. 

bag  SSSicfct,  -g,  -,  weasel. 

nrieDtel,  -e,  interrogative  adj., 
how  much,  how  many? 

rotetooflt',  conj.,  although. 

roilb,  adj.,  wild  ;  harsh,  cruel, 
savage,  fretful  (horses). 

bte  SiMlbfyett,  -,  wildness,  rude- 
ness. 


SKWfjelm 


101 


)«oi)lcrl)a(tcn 


ber  SiiUU)dm,  -e,  proper  name, 
William. 

ber  SBiltc(n),  -n3,  -n,  will,  wish, 
purpose,  intention  ;  consent. 

luilUfl,  adj.,  willing,  voluntary  ; 
ready,  with  consent. 

tmflfom'tnen,  adj.,  welcome. 

bte  SBtUfiir,  -,  free  will,  choice  ; 
caprice  ;  arbitrary  power. 

nrimmcln,  intr.  (fjaben),  to 
swarm,  throng. 

ber  SBinb,  -(e)8,  -e,  wind. 

nrinbcn,  tocmb,  b,at  getwmben, 
refl.,  to  writhe,  wind,  coil  ; 
make  a  wreath. 

ber  SStnfcf,  -3,  -,  nook,  corner, 
recess. 

nrinfett,  intr.  Ct)aben),  to  beckon, 
signal,  make  signs,  wink. 

ber  28tjjfel,  -3,  -,  tree  top. 

fair,  personal  pron.,  pi  it.  of  id), 
we. 

hnrfcn,  intr.  (b.aben),  to  work, 
act,  exercise,  influence,  take 
a  hand  in. 

nrirfHd),  adj.,  actual,  real,  true  ; 
adv.,  really,  truly,  indeed. 

bie  Sirfung,  -,  -en,  work, 
action,  activity,  effect,  in- 
fluence. 

ber  SSirt,  -(e)6,  -e,  landlord, 
host  ;  proprietor,  owner, 
master  of  the  house. 

bie  SBirtin,  -,  -(tn)nen,  land- 
lady, hostess  ;  mistress  of 
the  house. 

bte  9Sirtfrf)aft,  -,  -en,  domestic 
affairs  ;  household  ;  manage- 
ment, business,  farm  work. 


intr.  (b,abcn),  to  whisper. 

ttriffen  (roetfe),  roufjte,  fjat  gcftmfjt, 
tr.,  to  know,  know  how  ;  be 
able  (with  infinitive). 

bte  SSHffenfdjaft,  -,  -en,  knowl- 
edge, science. 

too,  adv.  and  conj.,  where, 
when  ;  too  ntcfjt  =  ttenn  ntc^t, 
if  not. 

njofcr'n(e),  conj.,  if,  provided 
that,  in  case  that,  in  so  far 
as  ;  tooferne  .  .  .  and),  how- 
ever far. 

wogcn,  intr.  (Ijaben),  to  wave, 
surge,  float  ;  TOogenb,  clouds 
of. 

interrogative  adv.,  from 
where,  whence? 

interrogative        adv., 
whither,  where  (to)  ? 

tt)0i)(,  adv.,  well  ;  perhaps,  in- 
deed, to  be  sure  ;  probably, 
I  suppose,  no  doubt,  do  you 
suppose,  I  am  sure  ;  bod) 
n)ol)I,  surely,  I  presume  ; 
Iebe(t)  ft)ol)l,  farewell. 

ba«  S2Sof)l,  -«,  weal,  welfare, 
well-being. 

tt)of)lbegutert,  part,  adj.,  well- 
to-do,  prosperous. 

tt)of)lf)ef)ag(icf),  adj.,  comfort- 
able, at  one's  ease,  content, 
happy. 

)uof)Ibcfnnnt,  part,  adj.,  well- 
known,  familiar. 

tt)of)IbefteHtf  part,  adj.,  well- 
appointed,  well-furnished. 

tt>0f|(erf)a(tenr  part,  adj.,  well- 
maintained,  well-kept. 


102 


lt)ul)Ierncucrt,  part,  adj.,  well- 
repaired,  well-restored. 

ttJUlilgcbUbct,  part,  adj.,  well- 
formed,  of  good  figure. 

tt)of)Igesimtnert,  part,  adj.,  well- 
built,  well-timbered. 

roofyfgesogen,  />ar/.  adj.,  well- 
bred,  well  brought  up  ;  = 
fittfatn,  well-mannered. 

inoltHjabcnb,  part,  adj.,  well- 
to-do,  wealthy. 

bie  8Bof)Itat,  -,  -en,  good  deed, 
benefit,  kind  action. 

h)Ou,Iutnsfiunet,  part,  adj.,  well- 
fenced,  well-inclosed. 

tooftlDcrfefKn,  part,  adj.,  well- 
provided,  well-equipped. 

rool)I»erteUt,  part,  adj.,  well- 
distributed. 

tt)on,nen,  iwfr.  (fyaben),  to  dwell, 
reside,  live. 

bie  SSoljming,  -,  -en,  dwelling, 
home,  residence. 

ftb'lbcn,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  vault, 
arch,  round  ;  getoolbt,  arched, 
rounded. 

ber  SBoIfgang,  -3,  proper  name, 
Wolfgang. 

ba«  a&ijlfdjen,  -«,  -,  rfjw.,  little 
cloud,  wisp  of  a  cloud. 

bie  SBoIft,  -,  -n,  cloud. 

luollcn,  adj.,  woolen. 

rootten  (roitt),  roottte,  fjat  getooftt, 
/r.  and  modal  auxiliary,  to 
wish,  want,  will,  intend, 
purpose,  have  in  mind  ;  de- 
mand, claim  ;  be  about 
to  ;  man  mill,  people  expect ; 
as  noun,  bag  SSoIIen,  -3, 


will,  willing  (with  set  pur- 
pose). 

roomit',  interrogative  and  relative 
pron.,  with  which  or  what, 
wherewith. 

tDOnad)',  interrogative  and  rela- 
tive adv.,  after,  of,  by,  from, 
according  to  what  or  which  ; 
adv.,  whereupon. 

bie  SSonnc,  -,  -n,  bliss,  delight, 
pleasure,  rapture  ;  (with 
$ur),  a  source  of  pleasure. 

ftoran',  interrogative  and  relative 
adv.,  on,  at,  from,  or  of  what 
or  which  ;  whereon. 

niorein',  interrogative  and  relative 
adz\,  in(to),  which  ;  wherein. 

hjorin',  interrogative  and  relative 
adv.,  in  which  ;  wherein. 

ba3  SBott,  -(e)3,  word,  saying, 
proverb  ;  promise  ;  plu., 
SSorte,  remarks  ;  group  of 
words  forming  a  sentence  ; 
plu.,  SBorter,  single  words  ; 
bog  SBort  nefymen,  to  (begin 
to)  speak. 

bag  9Bbrrert>er5ci<f)m3r  -(ff)e«, 
-(ff)e,  vocabulary. 

roorit'&ct,  interrogative  and  rela- 
tive adv.,  whereof  ;  over, 
about,  at,  of,  or  upon  what. 

ronrum',  interrogative  and  relative 
adv.,  for  or  about  what  ; 
whereof. 

tt)0t)on',  interrogative  and  relative 
adv.,  wherefrom,  whereof,  of 
which. 

100511',  interrogative  and  relative 
adv.,  whereto,  to  what,  to 


SBunber 


103 


Bettalter 


that,  to  or  for  what  purpose, 
why,  wherefore. 

bag  SSwtbcr,  -3,  -,  wonder, 
miracle. 

hwnberltcf),  adj.,  queer,  strange, 
odd  ;  remarkable. 

ber  SBunfdb,,  -eg,  %  wish,  desire. 

h)iinfdjen,  tr.  (fyaben),  to  wish, 
long  for  ;  as  noun,  bag 
©eftiinfcfite,  the  desired  ;  what 
is  longed  for. 

toiirbtg,  adj.,  worth}',  deserv- 
ing ;  dignified,  imposing, 
venerable  ;  comparative  as 
noun,  ber  SBitrbigere,  -it,  one 
more  worthy  or  deserving. 

ber  SBurf,  -(e)g,  ffe,  volley, 
thrust,  throw  ;  missile. 

bte  SBurjel,  -,  -n,  root ;  medic- 
inal herb. 

hwraeln,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  root, 
take  root,  be  rooted. 

bag  SSursIetn,  -g,  -,  dim.,  little 
root,  rootlet. 

toiift,  adj.,  waste,  desolate  ; 
disordered,  wild,  savage  ; 
lawless. 

bte  SSiifte,  -,  -n,  wilderness, 
desert. 

bte  28itt,  -,  rage,  fury,  frenzy. 

mitten,  intr.  (faben),  to  rave, 
rage,  be  furious  ;  as  noun, 
bag  SBiiten,  -g,  rage,  anger  ; 
ber  SBiitenbe,  the  angry  one. 


bte    Xenien,    plu.,   proper   name, 
Xenia,     epigrams    of    Goethe 


and     Schiller,     also     of     the 
Latin  writer  Martial. 


jaljlen,  tr.  and  intr.  C&aben),  to 
pay. 

Solicit,  tr.  (faben),  to  count, 
reckon. 

jartltd),  adj.,  tender,  fond,  lov- 
ing. 

ber  B<w&er,  -g,  charm  ;  fascina- 
tion. 

SOiibernb,  part.  adj.  (jaubern), 
charming,  fascinating. 

jaubern,  intr.  (tjaben),  to  hesi- 
tate, linger,  delay. 

ber  3flMWf  -(«)«/  "f,  rein, 
bridle  ;  im  3outn  fjalten,  to 
hold  in  check. 

ber  3<uuif  -(e)g,  «e,  fence,  hedge. 

5cl)tt,  num.,  ten. 

bag  Beicfyettf  -«,  -,  sign,  mark, 
token. 

ftcigcn,  tr.  and  intr.  (^aben),  to 
show;  point  ;  refl.,  appear, 
show  one's  self,  be  disclosed. 

Setyen,  jte^,  ^at  sejtefjen,  tr.,  = 
anflagen  or  befcfyulbtgen,  to 
charge,  accuse  ;  impute  to. 

bte  Scitr  ~,  -w,  time,  days  ;  = 
^teljregjett,  season,  weather  ; 
fetner  £>tii,  in  due  time,  in  his 
time  ;  tnetner  Qtii,  in  my 
day,  when  I  was  young  ; 
trttt  ber  ,3ett  gefjen,  to  keep  up 
with  the  times. 

bag  Scatter,  -g,  -,  age,  period 
of  time. 


3etrgenof}(e) 


104 


Sitfafjren 


ber  3eitgenoij(e),  -(ff)en,  -(ff)en, 
contemporary. 

bte  gettfdjrift,  -,  -en,  periodical, 
magazine. 

5Ct-f  insep.  unaccented  pref.,  in 
pieces,  asunder. 

jerbre'cften  (jerbrtrfit),  jerbracfi, 
fjat  jerbrocfyen,  tr.,  to  break  to 
pieces,  shatter. 

jerbro'djen,  part.  adj.  (gerbred)en), 
shattered,  broken  to  pieces. 

serrei'feen,  jerrife,  fjat  jerriffen,  /r. 
and  intr.  (fein),  to  tear  to 
pieces,  rend. 

Serriit'ten,  tr.  (fjaben),  to  un- 
settle, disrupt,  disturb  ;  dis- 
organize. 

Serfdjmct'tern,  tr.  (b,aben),  to 
dash  to  pieces,  shatter. 

jerftamp'fen,  tr.  (fyaben),  to 
stamp,  tramp  to  pieces  ; 
paw,  crush. 

Serftii'ren,  tr.  (fiaben),  to  destroy, 
ruin,  overthrow,  undo. 

bte  3erftiJ'ruttg,  -/  ~en,  ruin, 
destruction,  desolation. 

5erftreu'en,  tr.  (fiaben),  to  strew, 
scatter,  disperse  ;  divert  ; 
refl.,  be  scattered  ;  jerftreut, 
scattered,  strewn  about. 

ber  SeuflCr  -n,  -n,  witness. 

bag  SettgniS,  -(ff)e«,  -(ff)e,  wit- 
ness, evidence,  testimony. 

Stefcen,  jog,  fjat  gejogen,  tr.,  to 
pull,  draw  ;  draw  out  ; 
raise,  rear,  breed  ;  =  bejtefjen 
(auf),  apply  to,  attribute, 
refer  ;  intr.  (fein),  move, 
march,  go,  proceed. 


jietnen,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  become, 
be  proper. 

bte  3i£r^cr  -/  ~n,  decoration, 
ornament  ;  grace,  elegance  ; 
polish  of  manner. 

Sieren,  tr.  (baben),  to  adorn, 
decorate. 

(V.erlirf),  adj.,  dainty,  delicate, 
fastidious,  neat,  fine,  grace- 
ful, elegant. 

btt3  3imnur,  -3,  -,  room, 
chamber. 

Jtnncrn,  adj.,  of  tin  or  pewter. 

bag  Bttat,  ~(e)3,  -*/  citation, 
quotation. 

jittern,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  tremble. 

ber  3°Pfr  -(e)8/  %  braid  (of 
hair),  plait. 

ber  3orltf  ~(c)*/  anger,  rage, 
vexation. 

SOrnig,  adj.,  angry,  raging. 

511,  prep,  (dat.),  adv.,  and  sep. 
accented  pref.,  to,  towards, 
in  the  direction  of,  unto  ;  at, 
at  the  sign  of,  by,  in  ;  be- 
sides, in  addition  to,  with  ; 
in  union  with  ;  for  ;  adv., 
closed,  shut,  too. 

ber  ^urferbfirfcr,  -«,  -,  confec- 
tioner. 

bag  3"ffcrbrot,  -(e)g,  sweet 
biscuit,  cake. 

SU'eilen,  sep.  intr.  (fein),  to 
hasten  to  (dat.). 

juerft',  adv.,  at  first,  for  the 
first  time,  first  of  all. 

ju'fafiren  (fab,rt  311),  fubr  311,  ift 
jUQefabren,  intr.,  to  drive  on, 
drive  towards. 


105 


juriirfbrangen 


ber  3u'fatt,  ~(c)8,  %  chance, 
accident,  hazard  ;  auf  QHiicf 
unb  ^ufall,  at  random,  by 
luck  and  chance. 

Su'f  alien  (faltt  ju),  pel  ju,  ift 
jugefaflett,  intr.,  to  fall  to, 
devolve  upon  ;  accrue,  re- 
dound. 

§ufrie'ben,  adj.,  contented,  satis- 
fied with  ;  jufrtebcn  ftetten,  to 
satisfy. 

5u'fiif)ren,  sep.  tr.  (fjuben),  to 
lead  to,  introduce  ;  import. 

ber  Bug,  -(e)8,  "e,  train,  column, 
procession  ;  march,  expedi- 
tion ;  draft  ;  feature,  trait. 

SU'geben  (gibt  ju),  gab  ju,  &at 
jugegeben,  tr.,  to  grant,  con- 
cede, permit,  allow,  yield. 

pge'gen,  adv.,  present. 

SU'gefien,  ging  ju,  ift  jugegangen, 
jw/r.,  to  go  to,  approach. 

ber  .Siigcf,  -§f  -f  rein,  bridle. 

pglcirf)',  adv.,  at  the  same  time, 
at  once. 

ber  3ughunb,  -(e)3,  -e,  current 
of  air,  draft. 

Su'^brcn,  5c/».  j«/r.  (fjaben),  to 
listen  to,  attend. 

bie  3"'hmftr  -,  future. 

SUtcftt',  aJt>.,  at  last,  last  of  all, 
finally,  for  the  last  time. 

jum  =  ju  bent. 

,ytnfid)ft',  adv.,  nearest,  next, 
close  by  ;  presently,  soon, 
before  long  ;  first  of  all, 
chiefly,  in  the  first  place  ; 
more  than  to  all  others  ; 
prep,  (dat.),  near  to. 


bie  3"tge»  -t  -n,  tongue. 

ju'nirfen,  sep.  intr.  (fjaben),  to 
nod  to  (dat.)  ;  refl.,  nod  to 
each  other. 

SUpfen',  tr.  (fjaben),  to  tug, 
pluck,  pull  by  the  sleeve. 

jur  =  ju  ber. 

Jltrcdjt',  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
in  order,  aright. 

3itred)t'freHenf  sep.  tr.  (f)aben),  to 
adjust,  set  right,  put  in  order. 

ju'rcbcn,  sep.  intr.  (dat.) 
(fjaben),  to  speak  to,  urge, 
encourage,  seek  to  persuade. 

Siirnett,  intr.  (fjabett),  to  be 
angry  or  displeased  (iiber)  ; 
bear  a  grudge. 

§urii(f'(e),  adv.  and  sep.  accented 
Pref.,  back,  backwards,  be- 
hind ;  in  the  past. 

Suriuf'begefcen  (begibt  jurildE), 
begab  juriidf,  fjat  juriicfbegeben, 
refl.,  return. 

Suriicf'beniegcn,  sep.  refl. 
(f;aben),  to  move  back,  with- 
draw. 

jururf'blei&ctt,  blteb  juriicf,  ift 
juriicfgeblieben,  intr.,  to  remain 
behind,  be  left. 

5uriirf'bHrfcn,  sep.  intr.  (f»oben), 
to  look  back,  review. 

Suriirf'&enfen,  bad^te  juriicf,  f>at 
juriicfgebad&t,  intr.,  to  think 
back,  send  one's  thoughts 
back  ;  with  ace.  of  time,  to 
think  back  of  or  through  the 
times. 

Miriirf'brongen,  sep.  tr.  (fjaben), 
to  press  or  drive  back. 


juriirfeUen 


106 


pttbrberft 


juriicfeUen,  sep.  intr.  (fetn),  to 

hurry  back, 
ju'riirfcn,    sep.    intr.    (fetn),    to 

approach,  move  towards,  ad- 
vance. 
priirf'(e)fttef)en,   flof)   guritrf,   ift 

guriidgeflofyen,    intr.,    to    flee 

back,  retire  hastily. 
Suriicf' gefyen,  gtng  guriidf,  tft  guriicf = 

gegangen,   intr.,   to   go   back, 

return. 
Suriicf'gesogen,  part.  adj.  (guriicf= 

gtefyen),    drawn    back,    with- 
held. 
Siiriirf'fialten   (fjcilt  guriicf),  fjtelt 

guriidf,   f)at  guriicfgefjalten,   /r., 

to  hold  back,  check. 
Stmtd'fetyren,  sep.  intr.  (fetn),  to 

return,  turn  back, 
guriicf'fommen,    fam    guriidf,    ift 

guriicfgefommen,  intr.,  to  come 

back,  return  ;   go  backwards, 

deteriorate. 
Sururf'Ioffcn    (Iftfet    juriidf),    Uefe 

juriicE,  ^at  juriicfgelaffen,  tr.,  to 

leave  behind, 
jiiriid' fcf) alien,  5e/».  intr.  (fjaben), 

to  look  back, 
juriirf'ftromen,  sep.  intr.   (fein), 

to  stream  back. 
guriid'trciben,    trteb    jurlicf,    {>at 

jurlicEgetrieben,    tr.,    to    drive 

back,  repel, 
priitfjieljen,     jog     juriicf,     fjut 

juriitfgejogen,  tr.,  intr.   (fetn), 

and     refl.,     to     draw     back, 

withdraw. 
jufotn'men,  adv.   and  sep.  pref., 

together,  along  with  ;    alike. 


pfam'menfjangcn,  sep.  tr.  and 
intr.  (fyaben),  to  put  together  ; 
be  connected  with. 

jufam'menfnitpfen,  sep.  tr. 
(fyaben),  to  bind  together, 
unite. 

5iifam'tnemtef)men  (nimmt  311= 
fammen),  naljm  jufammen,  l)at 
jufammengenommen,  tr.,  to  col- 
lect ;  refl.,  compose  one's  self, 
brace  up. 

5ufam'menpacfen,  sep.  tr.  (ijaben), 
to  pack  together. 

5ufam'menrufen,  rtef  jufammen, 
fjot  jufammengerufen,  tr.,  to 
call  together. 

pfam'menftfeen,  fafe  gufantmcn, 
t>at  gufammengefeffen,  intr.,  to 
sit  together. 

5ufom'menfteftenf  ftanb  jufammen, 
tjat  gufammengeftanben,  inlr., 
to  stand  together,  be  united. 

pfam'mentetlett,  sep.  tr.  (Jjaben), 
to  share  with  one  another. 

SU'f^wiJren,  fc^mor  or  fc^mur  gu, 
t)dt  jugefc^woren,  tr.  (dat.),  to 
swear  to,  affirm,  promise 
solemnly. 

Sti'foredien  (fpridjt  gu),  fpra<$  gu, 
^at  gugefprocfien,  intr.,  to  speak 
to,  encourage,  inspire. 

ber  gu'ftanb,  -(e)«,  "e,  condition, 
state,  situation. 

SU'tterlttfftg,  adj.,  reliable,  trust- 
worthy. 

5uoor',  adv.  and  sep.  pref., 
before,  previously,  in  former 
times. 

jutior'berft,   adv.,   first,   first  of 


Sutoorfommcn 


107 


all,   before   everything   else  ; 
previously. 

mmeit,  Jam  juiior,  tft 
jutiorgefommen,  intr.,  to  come 
before,  precede. 

ju'ttjcnben,  toanbte  ju,  fjat  ju= 
gemanbt  (or  reg.),  tr.  (dat.), 
to  turn  to  or  towards. 

pttri'ber,  adv.  and  prep.  (dat. 
preceding),  against,  contrary 
to,  averse  to,  repugnant, 
disagreeable. 

SUjet'tett,  adv.,  at  times,  some- 
times, now  and  then. 

Jftwnjtg,  num.,  twenty. 

§toar,  adv.,  in  truth,  indeed, 
to  be  sure,  certainly. 

her  3toerf>  -(OS,  -*f  aim,  pur- 
pose, goal,  end  in  view. 

§toet,  num.,  two. 

ber  Bttwfel,  -g,  -,  doubt  ; 
hesitation,  uncertainty. 

5it)eifelf)aft,  adj.,  uncertain, 
doubtful,  vain. 


5tt)Ctfc(n,  intr.  (fjaben),  to  be 
in  doubt,  hesitate  ;  ques- 
tion. 

ber  Bttwflf  -(e)«,  -e,  twig, 
small  limb,  branch. 

jrtjcigen,  intr.  (l)aben),  to  sprout, 
send  out  branches. 

jtoeimal,  num.  adv.,  twice,  two 
times. 

Sttjcit,  (-er,  -e,  -e3),  WMW.  a*?;., 
second. 

jwetrenmal,  WMW.  a<ft>.  (m'/A 
pm),  for  the  second  time. 

ber  ,3toerg,  -(e)8,  -e,  dwarf. 

ber  3wief^oltr  -«,  doubt,  dis- 
pute, dissension,  discord  ; 
mit  fief)  felber  in  ^^tefpalt,  out 
of  sorts  or  provoked  with 
one's  self. 

Sttrifcfcctt,  prep.  (dat.  and  ace.), 
between  ;  among. 

jluotf,  num.,  twelve. 

SWolfjafjrig,  num.  adj.,  twelve- 
year-old. 


GERMAN 

Vorwarts  :  A  German  Reader  for  Beginners 

By  PAUL  V.  BACON.     i2mo,  cloth,  251  pages.    Price,  80  cents. 

THE  author's  first  effort  has  been  to  produce  the  easiest  Ger- 
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shall  read  from  the  very  first  day  of  his  study  of  German. 

The  book  will  be  found  entertaining,  but  it  is  first  of  all  simple. 
The  Vocabulary  contains  only  the  most  common  words.  At  first 
these  are  taken  altogether  from  the  pupil's  environment. 

The  book  is  as  attractive  as  it  is  simple.  Nearly  every  page  is 
illustrated  with  an  interesting  picture  which  is  described  in  the 
reading  of  the  lesson. 

The  subject  matter  of  Vorwarts  is  about  Germany  and  the 
Germans,  but  it  differs  from  the  author's  Irn  Vaterland  in  that  it 
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man life.  Vorwarts  is  so  elementary  that  it  does  not  conflict 
with  the  use  of  such  books  as  Im  Vaterland. 

The  first  lessons  are  about  the  schoolroom.  Then  follow  sev- 
eral on  the  home  and  home  life,  and  stories  of  the  streets  and 
city  life,  and  a  few  lessons  on  the  country. 

German  peculiarities  of  dress  are  treated,  and  especially  the 
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From  the  teacher's  point  of  view  a  valuable  characteristic  is  the 
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lesson  covers  a  definite  amount  of  grammatical  work. 

Thus  Vorwarts  is  of  great  assistance  for  grammatical  study,  as 
each  lesson  focuses  on  some  group  of  related  constructions,  which 
is  supplemented  in  the  Appendix  by  German  questions  on  the 
reading  and  by  exercises  for  translation  into  German. 

60 


GERMAN 

Im  Vaterland :  A  Reader  for  Pupils  in  their  First  or 
Second  Year  of  German 

By  PAUL  V.  BACON.    i2mo,  cloth,  430  pages.     Price  $1.25. 
"  T^O   give  the  American  student  a  better  understanding  and 

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are  the  aims  of  ftn  Vaterland." 

Distinctive  features  of  this  remarkable  book  are  : 

I.  Dialogues  on  thirty-six  different  subjects  (such  as  the  Ger- 
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II.  Illustrations  from  photographs  of  German  scenes,  build- 
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III.  Songs,   with    music    arranged    for    high    school   pupils. 
There  are  twenty-seven  characteristic  German  songs  from  sixteen 
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IV.  Poems  —  thirty-six  of  them  —  ranging  from  the  thirteenth 
to  the  twentieth  century,  especially  adapted  for  memorizing. 

V.  Notes  on  all  idioms  and  grammatical  difficulties.     They 
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book,  and  kindred  matters. 

VI.  Composition  exercises  on  each  chapter  of  the  dialogues. 

VII.  A  vocabulary  made  with  unusual  care,  and  including  all 
the  idioms  used  in  the  book. 

VIII.  A  full,  practical  index  of  persons  and  of  topics. 

62 


GERMAN 


German  Composition 

By  PAUL  V.  BACON,    izmo,  cloth,  378  pages.    Price,  $1.25. 

THIS  book  has  a  much  wider  scope  than  the  ordinary  German 
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Part  I  contains  thirty-six  chapters,  on  the  chief  difficulties  which 
confront  the  pupil  learning  German.  Each  chapter  contains  (i) 
an  interesting  anecdote  in  German,  (2)  syntax,  (3)  notes,  and 
(4)  exercises. 

The  anecdotes  average  half  a  page  in  length  and  treat  phases 
of  German  history,  art,  literature,  and  culture  in  general,  from  the 
time  of  Tacitus  to  the  present  time. 

The  discussion  of  syntax  is  a  simple,  clear,  and  often  detailed 
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The  notes  begin  with  an  historical  explanation,  followed  by 
one  of  the  most  distinctive  features  of  the  book  —  notes  on  specific 
words.  The  average  pupil  has  more  trouble  with  choice  of  words 
than  with  syntax,  yet  it  is  more  important  that  he  use  the  right 
word  than  the  correct  form  of  a  word.  These  notes  on  specific 
words  are  unique,  as  even  in  the  Dictionaries  no  statement  is 
given  to  guide  the  pupil  in  his  choice  of  which  word  to  use. 

The  exercises  are  made  up  of  questions,  idioms,  conversational 
expressions,  and  English-into-German  exercises  including  con- 
nected discourse. 

Part  II  contains  five  chapters:  (i)  Letter-Writing,  (2)  Deriva- 
tion of  Words,  (3)  Pronunciation  and  Phonetics,  (4)  History  of 
the  German  Language,  and  (5)  German  Slang  and  Everyday 
Expressions. 

The  book  is  generously  illustrated  with  appropriate  pictures, 
including  fifty-four  half-tones  and  a  map. 
'  63 


GERMAN 

Allyn  and  Bacon's  Series  of  German  Texts 

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will  seem  reasonable  when  the  general  excellence  is  considered. 
The  following  volumes  are  now  ready :  — 

ORIECHISCHE   HEROENGESCHICHTEN. 

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64 


GERMAN 


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65 


GERMAN 

A  German  Grammar  for  Beginners 

By   PAUL  V.   BACON.    Revised    Edition.    I2tno,    cloth,  448    pages. 
Price,  11.25. 

THIS  book  introduces  easy  reading  from  the  first,  along  with 
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the  school,  the  second  about  the  home,  and  so  many  cognates  are 
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II.  Systematic  drill  on  grammar,  each  topic  being  treated  in 
a  group  of  five  lessons.     The  language  of  the  rules  is  simple. 

III.  Every  fifth  lesson  is  a  review,  and  in  addition  three  com- 
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and  seven  to  the  whole  book. 

IV.  Attractive  material  lor  memorizing.     Each  lesson  begins 
with  a  proverb,  idiom,  or  short  poem,  from  Goethe,  Schiller, 
Heine,  Rlickert,  Scheffel,  or  Muller. 

Elements  of  German 

By  PAUL  V.  BACON,    121110,  cloth,  352  pages.    Price,  $1.00. 

T^HIS  book  follows  the  order  of  presentation  used  in  the  German 
1       Grammar,  but  it  is  briefer  and  simpler  and  does  not  begin 
with  the  stories. 

I.  The  Syntax  is  stated  in  the  clearest  possible  way. 

II.  The  Vocabulary  consists  of  nothing  but  common,  every-day 
words,  most  of  which,  especially  at  the  beginning,  are  cognates. 

III.  An  immense  amount  of  attractive  material  for  memorizing 
is  contained  in  the  book. 

IV.  The  Appendices  offer  (i)  a  complete  list  of  strong  verbs, 
(2)  complete  tables  of  forms,  (3)  a  careful  treatment  of  pronuncia 
tion,  supplemented  by  drawings,  and  (4)  a  chapter  on  the  deriva- 
tion of  words. 

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